CN117121666A - 一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机 - Google Patents

一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机 Download PDF

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CN117121666A
CN117121666A CN202310396851.1A CN202310396851A CN117121666A CN 117121666 A CN117121666 A CN 117121666A CN 202310396851 A CN202310396851 A CN 202310396851A CN 117121666 A CN117121666 A CN 117121666A
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张元�
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Zhongning Haoyuan Machinery Equipment Sales Department
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/04Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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    • A01B49/065Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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    • A01B33/08Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/08Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
    • A01B33/082Transmissions; Gearings; Power distribution
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/08Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
    • A01B33/10Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action
    • A01B33/103Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action the rotating shaft being oriented horizontally
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/04Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B77/00Machines for lifting and treating soil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01MCATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M17/00Apparatus for the destruction of vermin in soil or in foodstuffs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/04Heat
    • A61L2/06Hot gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303Burning pyrogases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26Biowaste
    • F23G2209/262Agricultural waste

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Abstract

本发明具体是指一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,包括机架,机架上设有多级燃烧装置和旋耕装置,多级燃烧装置顶部设有秸秆入料口,底部设有出灰口,多级燃烧装置配置有送风系统,在多级燃烧装置内燃烧后的秸秆灰烬通过出灰口落入地面,其后的旋耕装置将灰烬旋耕入土地,多级燃烧装置和旋耕装置之间设有高温气流通道,多级燃烧装置燃烧产生的高温气流排向地面,对地面的高温灭菌。本发明结构合理,使用方便,通过多级燃烧能够大大提高秸秆一次焚烧产生有害气体的焚烧,提高排烟的洁净程度,同时通过将高温的烟气排向地面,并结合旋耕机,将燃烧灰烬旋耕如地面,将高温气流与地面的翻土,残留的支杆、秸秆根部充分接触,起到一定的灭菌杀虫效果。

Description

一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机
技术领域
本发明涉及秸秆处理设备技术领域,具体是指一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机。
背景技术
当前农业生产中,最突出的矛盾就是秸秆处理问题,对于养殖业发达地区,这个问题还不严重,但是对于养殖不发达地区,和一年两熟地区,这个问题就非常突出。一方面,农户为了尽快进入下一轮播种,最简单有效的方式就是露天放荒式焚烧,虽然能有效的杀灭害虫和杂草,但同时产生的滚滚浓烟和大量灰烬,严重影响着地面交通和空中航道安全和严重的火灾隐患问题,所以强调禁止露天焚烧秸秆和农户的利益发生冲突,另外,秸秆粉碎还田,虽然不冒烟了,但是秸秆中的害虫杂草也逃脱了,年复一年,除草剂,杀虫剂的用量也越来越大,对环境,土壤污染也在加重。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服上述技术的缺陷,提供一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机。
一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,包括机架,所述机架顶部从首端到尾端依次设有多级燃烧装置和旋耕装置,所述多级燃烧装置顶部设有秸秆入料口,所述多级燃烧装置的底部设有出灰口,所述多级燃烧装置配置有送风系统,在多级燃烧装置内燃烧后的秸秆灰烬通过出灰口落入地面,其后的旋耕装置将灰烬旋耕入土地,所述多级燃烧装置和旋耕装置之间设有高温气流通道,所述多级燃烧装置燃烧产生的高温气流通过高温气流通道排向地面,对地面的高温灭菌。
进一步地,所述多级燃烧装置包括设在下部的主燃烧室和上部的气化室,所述主燃烧室燃烧产生的不完全燃烧气体进入气化室进行二次燃烧,获得充分燃烧的气体,所述送风系统包括送风机,所述主燃烧室内侧周围设有送风隔板,所述送风隔板与主燃烧室外壁形成的风道与送风机的出口连通。
进一步地,所述主燃烧室内侧靠近出灰口处设有承接栅格网。
进一步地,所述主燃烧室的出灰口和秸秆入料口均呈漏斗状。
进一步地,所述主燃烧室和气化室均配置有燃烧器。
进一步地,所述旋耕装置包括机壳,所述机壳一端铰接于机架,所述机壳与机架之间设有液压缸,机壳上通过轴承连接有转轴,所述转轴上设有若干旋耕齿,所述转轴一端连接有驱动电机。
本发明优点:本发明结构合理,使用方便,通过多级燃烧能够大大提高秸秆一次焚烧产生有害气体的焚烧,提高排烟的洁净程度,同时通过将高温的烟气排向地面,并结合旋耕机,将燃烧灰烬旋耕如地面,将高温气流与地面的翻土,残留的支杆、秸秆根部充分接触,起到一定的灭菌杀虫效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机的示意图;
图2是本发明一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机的旋耕装置示意图。
如图所示:1、机架;2、秸秆入料口;3、出灰口;4、高温气流通道;5、主燃烧室;6、气化室;7、送风机;8、送风隔板;9、承接栅格网;10、燃烧器;11、轴承;12、转轴;13、旋耕齿;14、驱动电机;15、机壳;16、液压缸。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,包括机架1,所述机架1顶部从首端到尾端依次设有多级燃烧装置和旋耕装置,所述多级燃烧装置顶部设有秸秆入料口2,所述多级燃烧装置的底部设有出灰口3,所述多级燃烧装置配置有送风系统,在多级燃烧装置内燃烧后的秸秆灰烬通过出灰口3落入地面,其后的旋耕装置将灰烬旋耕入土地,所述多级燃烧装置和旋耕装置之间设有高温气流通道4,所述多级燃烧装置燃烧产生的高温气流通过高温气流通道4排向地面,对地面的高温灭菌。
所述多级燃烧装置包括设在下部的主燃烧室5和上部的气化室6,所述主燃烧室5燃烧产生的不完全燃烧气体进入气化室6进行二次燃烧,获得充分燃烧的气体,所述送风系统包括送风机7,所述主燃烧室5内侧周围设有送风隔板8,所述送风隔板8与主燃烧室5外壁形成的风道与送风机7的出口连通。
所述主燃烧室5内侧靠近出灰口3处设有承接栅格网9。
所述主燃烧室5的出灰口3和秸秆入料口2均呈漏斗状。
所述主燃烧室5和气化室6均配置有燃烧器10。
所述旋耕装置包括机壳15,所述机壳15一端铰接于机架1,所述机壳15与机架之间设有液压缸16,机壳15上通过轴承11连接有转轴12,所述转轴12上设有若干旋耕齿,所述转轴12一端连接有驱动电机14。
公知的,秸秆燃烧过程中冒烟是因为缺氧不充分燃烧所致,如气体中存在大量的一氧化碳等未充分燃烧气体,通过本发明的多级燃烧大大提高燃烧的充分程度,过程中不会或者只有极少量的烟排出;本发明燃烧产生的高温气体通过高温气流通道吹向地面,通过高温杀灭留在秸秆根部的害虫,和杂草,同时机器后部的旋耕装置紧随工作,深度10到15公分翻起土壤在高温气体的影响下,亦能消灭土壤有害病菌(杂草,害虫,病菌主要就是在地下10到15公分处),因为是连续作业,高温气体和土壤接触的时间短,在杀灭病虫害的前提下,还不会破坏土壤中的养分,秸秆燃烧后的灰烬被旋耕机翻进土壤中可直接当肥料使用。
秸秆燃烧的整个过程都是在燃烧机内部完成,不会对周边的人或物产生影响,从而可以安全的焚烧,避免了火灾危害,该种处理方式,即符合环境保护的要求,又符合农户的需求,有利于大幅度降低农药的使用量促进粮食安全。
本发明在具体使用时,事先将秸秆粉碎,根据需用量通过秸秆入料口2放入主燃烧室5,主燃烧室5的燃烧器10对秸秆进行焚烧,同时送风机7启动,对主燃烧室5供气,秸秆燃烧后产生的灰烬通过出灰口3落至地面,产生的不完全燃烧气体进入气化室6,气化室6的燃烧器10工作,对不完全燃烧的气体进行二次燃烧,获得更洁净的气体,二次燃烧后的气体通过高温气流通道4排向旋耕装置前侧的地面,旋耕装置的驱动电机14工作,旋耕地面,将灰烬和高温气体与土壤混合,即完成秸秆的焚烧处理,既有效避免了露天放荒式焚烧的污染问题,也提供了安全保障,避免火灾危险的发生。
以上对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述,这种描述没有限制性,附图中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一,实际的结构并不局限于此。总而言之如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示,在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下,不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例,均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,其特征在于:包括机架,所述机架顶部从首端到尾端依次设有多级燃烧装置和旋耕装置,所述多级燃烧装置顶部设有秸秆入料口,所述多级燃烧装置的底部设有出灰口,所述多级燃烧装置配置有送风系统,在多级燃烧装置内燃烧后的秸秆灰烬通过出灰口落入地面,其后的旋耕装置将灰烬旋耕入土地,所述多级燃烧装置和旋耕装置之间设有高温气流通道,所述多级燃烧装置燃烧产生的高温气流通过高温气流通道排向地面,对地面的高温灭菌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,其特征在于:所述多级燃烧装置包括设在下部的主燃烧室和上部的气化室,所述主燃烧室燃烧产生的不完全燃烧气体进入气化室进行二次燃烧,获得充分燃烧的气体,所述送风系统包括送风机,所述主燃烧室内侧周围设有送风隔板,所述送风隔板与主燃烧室外壁形成的风道与送风机的出口连通。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,其特征在于:所述主燃烧室内侧靠近出灰口处设有承接栅格网。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,其特征在于:所述主燃烧室和气化室均配置有点火装置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,其特征在于:所述气化室配置有燃烧器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机,其特征在于:所述旋耕装置包括机壳,所述机壳一端铰接于机架,所述机壳与机架之间设有液压缸,机壳上通过轴承连接有转轴,所述转轴上设有若干旋耕齿,所述转轴一端连接有驱动电机。
CN202310396851.1A 2023-04-14 2023-04-14 一种秸秆可控焚烧还田机 Pending CN117121666A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117716885A (zh) * 2024-02-07 2024-03-19 黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院 一种保护性耕作秸秆还田机

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117716885A (zh) * 2024-02-07 2024-03-19 黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院 一种保护性耕作秸秆还田机
CN117716885B (zh) * 2024-02-07 2024-04-30 黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院 一种保护性耕作秸秆还田机

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