CN117107075A - Method for extracting magnesium from ash residue purified by calcium carbide furnace - Google Patents
Method for extracting magnesium from ash residue purified by calcium carbide furnace Download PDFInfo
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical group [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910014813 CaC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 and the environment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethynol Chemical group OC#C QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting magnesium from ash residue purified by a calcium carbide furnace, which comprises the following steps: s1, checking the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace; s2, counting the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace; s3, inputting the powder into a ball mill to grind the powder to 120 meshes to form powder; s4, conveying the ground material powder to a ball pressing machine for ball pressing; s5, heating and melting the crude magnesium placed for standby in the S4, refining the crude magnesium into magnesium ingots at a high temperature of 710 ℃, and then cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium ingots to remove surface impurities. According to the method for extracting magnesium from the purified slag of the calcium carbide furnace, the solid waste of the purified slag of the calcium carbide furnace is used as a substitute for dolomite which is a raw material for preparing metal magnesium, and the purified slag of the calcium carbide furnace is inspected and proportioned, so that mineral resources are saved, the pollution of solid waste of the furnace to the environment is reduced, waste is changed into valuable, and great economic and social benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnesium extraction, in particular to a method for extracting magnesium from ash residue purified by a calcium carbide furnace.
Background
The main component of the calcium carbide is calcium carbide which is white crystal, inorganic compound, and the chemical formula is CaC2. The method is characterized in that the industrial product is gray black lump, the section is purple or gray, calcium carbide is an important basic chemical raw material, the method is used for generating acetylene gas, organic synthesis, oxy-acetylene welding and the like, and an electric furnace smelting method and an oxygen heating method are generally used for industrially preparing the calcium carbide, wherein the electric furnace smelting method is to put coke and calcium oxide (molecular formula CaO) into an electric furnace at about 2200 ℃ for smelting, so as to generate the calcium carbide (molecular formula CaC 2). Oxygen thermal method: namely: and (3) smelting CaC2 (calcium carbide) and limestone by a blast furnace oxygen-enriched oxygen thermal method, and extracting carbon from the CaC2 and the limestone, and obtaining a high-temperature low-pressure gas producer.
China is the first large world for producing calcium carbide, and annual production is 2800 ten thousand tons. The calcium carbide production is mainly carried out by mixing lime (CaO) and coke according to a certain proportion, heating in a calcium carbide furnace, replacing oxygen (O) in CaO by carbon (C), and reacting to generate calcium carbide (CaC). In the production process of calcium carbide, tail gas containing a large amount of dust is generated due to links such as feeding of materials into a furnace, heating and the like, and the dust is treated by a purifying device. During the purification treatment, the tail gas is generally subjected to heat exchange, cooling and dust removal through an air cooler, and then enters a bag-type dust remover for fine filtration. The solid dust collected by double filtration is called as purified dust, and is called as purified ash for short. The purified ash contains a large amount of carbon powder, calcium oxide powder and a small amount of elements such as calcium carbide, magnesium, sulfur, phosphorus, aluminum and the like. When the purified ash with higher temperature contacts with air, spontaneous combustion is easy to occur, and the potential safety hazard is great. In the past, the method is generally adopted for treatment in a landfill mode, and incorrect treatment in links such as transportation, loading and unloading is extremely easy to cause environmental pollution, and is also frequently burnt out of vehicles, injured personnel and the like, so that great potential safety hazards exist. Moreover, the ash contains high magnesium oxide, alkali and cyanide ions, and the environment, soil and groundwater are seriously polluted by the refuge or landfill.
Aiming at the problems, various large calcium carbide enterprises gradually begin to burn the purified ash at present so as to remove carbon, sulfur and other components, remove the risk of flammability and reduce the pollution of a part of sulfur and the like to the environment. The residue of the incinerated clean ash is called calcium carbide clean ash residue, and the existing treatment method is mainly landfilling. Because of the extremely high temperature resistance of magnesium oxide, the burned bottom slag is enriched with magnesium oxide, and the magnesium oxide can be used for extracting metal magnesium with high added value by a certain method. If simply landfilled, there will be a significant waste of resources.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for extracting magnesium from the purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace, which solves the problem that the purified ash residue of the traditional calcium carbide furnace cannot be well utilized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for extracting magnesium from the purified ash residue of a calcium carbide furnace specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting the purified ash bottom slag of a calcium carbide furnace, and detecting the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide;
s2, counting the detected contents of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace, and adjusting the contents of the magnesium oxide and the calcium oxide to be consistent;
s3, according to a reaction equation of 2MgO (solid) +Si (solid) +2CaO=2Mg (gas) +2CaO.SiO2, the prepared purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace, a reducing agent and a catalyst are input into a ball mill according to the proportion, and are ground to 120 meshes to form powder;
s4, conveying the ground material powder to a ball pressing machine for ball pressing, putting the pressed material balls into a vacuum reduction tank, heating to 1200-1210 ℃, vacuumizing to 13.3Pa in the vacuum reduction tank, maintaining for 8-10 hours, reducing magnesium oxide into magnesium steam, condensing to obtain crude magnesium, taking out and placing for later use;
s5, heating and melting the crude magnesium placed for standby in the step S4, refining the crude magnesium into magnesium ingots at a high temperature of 710 ℃, and then cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium ingots to remove surface impurities.
Preferably, in the step S1, when the purified slag of the calcium carbide furnace is inspected, the number of the purified slag samples of the calcium carbide furnace is at least three, and then the inspection results of each time are summarized and averaged.
Preferably, in the step S2, the content of calcium oxide in the slag of the purified ash bottom of the calcium carbide furnace is low, and the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide is adjusted to be consistent by directly adding calcium oxide according to the inspection result.
Preferably, in the step S3, the reducing agent is 75% ferrosilicon, the catalyst is fluorite powder, and the bottom slag, the ferrosilicon and the fluorite powder are mixed according to the weight ratio: mixing the bottom slag (80-81) with the ferrosilicon (16.5-17.2) with the fluorite powder (2-3).
Preferably, in S5, any one of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is used as the cleaning agent when cleaning the surface of the magnesium ingot.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a method for extracting magnesium from ash residue purified by a calcium carbide furnace. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for extracting magnesium from the calcium carbide furnace purified slag, the solid waste of the calcium carbide furnace purified slag is used as a substitute for dolomite serving as a raw material for preparing metal magnesium, and the calcium carbide furnace purified slag is inspected and proportioned, so that mineral resources are saved, the pollution of solid waste of the calcium carbide furnace to the environment is reduced, waste is changed into valuable, and the method has great economic value and social benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a traditional Pidgeon process for smelting magnesium;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method for refining magnesium from the ash residue purified by the calcium carbide furnace.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides four embodiments: the method for extracting magnesium from the ash residue purified by the calcium carbide furnace specifically comprises the following steps:
example 1
S1, detecting the purified ash bottom slag of a calcium carbide furnace, and detecting the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide;
s2, counting the detected contents of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace, and adjusting the contents of the magnesium oxide and the calcium oxide to be consistent;
s3, according to a reaction equation of 2MgO (solid) +Si (solid) +2CaO=2Mg (gas) +2CaO.SiO2, inputting 80 parts of prepared purified ash residue of a calcium carbide furnace, 16.5 parts of reducing agent and 2 parts of catalyst according to a proportion into a ball mill to grind to 120 meshes to form powder;
s4, conveying the ground material powder to a ball pressing machine for ball pressing, putting the pressed material balls into a vacuum reduction tank, heating to 1200 ℃, vacuumizing the interior of the vacuum reduction tank to 13.3Pa, maintaining for 8 hours, reducing magnesium oxide into magnesium steam, condensing to obtain crude magnesium, taking out and placing for later use;
s5, heating and melting the crude magnesium placed for standby in the step S4, refining the crude magnesium into magnesium ingots at a high temperature of 710 ℃, and then cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium ingots to remove surface impurities.
Example 2
S1, detecting the purified ash bottom slag of a calcium carbide furnace, and detecting the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide;
s2, counting the detected contents of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace, and adjusting the contents of the magnesium oxide and the calcium oxide to be consistent;
s3, according to a reaction equation of 2MgO (solid) +Si (solid) +2CaO=2Mg (gas) +2CaO.SiO2, inputting the prepared 81 parts of purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace, 17.2 parts of reducing agent and 3 parts of catalyst into a ball mill according to a proportion, and grinding to 120 meshes to form powder;
s4, conveying the ground material powder to a ball pressing machine for ball pressing, putting the pressed material balls into a vacuum reduction tank, heating to 1210 ℃, vacuumizing to 13.3Pa in the vacuum reduction tank, maintaining for 10 hours, reducing magnesium oxide into magnesium steam, condensing to obtain crude magnesium, taking out and placing for later use;
s5, heating and melting the crude magnesium placed for standby in the step S4, refining the crude magnesium into magnesium ingots at a high temperature of 710 ℃, and then cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium ingots to remove surface impurities.
Example 3
S1, detecting the purified ash bottom slag of a calcium carbide furnace, and detecting the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide;
s2, counting the detected contents of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace, and adjusting the contents of the magnesium oxide and the calcium oxide to be consistent;
s3, according to a reaction equation of 2MgO (solid) +Si (solid) +2CaO=2Mg (gas) +2CaO.SiO2, inputting 80 parts of prepared purified ash residue of a calcium carbide furnace, 17.2 parts of reducing agent and 3 parts of catalyst according to a proportion into a ball mill to grind to 120 meshes to form powder;
s4, conveying the ground material powder to a ball pressing machine for ball pressing, putting the pressed material balls into a vacuum reduction tank, heating to 1210 ℃, vacuumizing to 13.3Pa in the vacuum reduction tank, maintaining for 8 hours, reducing magnesium oxide into magnesium steam, condensing to obtain crude magnesium, taking out and placing for later use;
s5, heating and melting the crude magnesium placed for standby in the step S4, refining the crude magnesium into magnesium ingots at a high temperature of 710 ℃, and then cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium ingots to remove surface impurities.
Example 4
S1, detecting the purified ash bottom slag of a calcium carbide furnace, and detecting the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide;
s2, counting the detected contents of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace, and adjusting the contents of the magnesium oxide and the calcium oxide to be consistent;
s3, according to a reaction equation of 2MgO (solid) +Si (solid) +2CaO=2Mg (gas) +2CaO.SiO2, inputting the prepared 81 parts of purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace, 16.5 parts of reducing agent and 2 parts of catalyst into a ball mill according to a proportion, and grinding to 120 meshes to form powder;
s4, conveying the ground material powder to a ball pressing machine for ball pressing, putting the pressed material balls into a vacuum reduction tank, heating to 1210 ℃, vacuumizing to 13.3Pa in the vacuum reduction tank, maintaining for 8 hours, reducing magnesium oxide into magnesium steam, condensing to obtain crude magnesium, taking out and placing for later use;
s5, heating and melting the crude magnesium placed for standby in the step S4, refining the crude magnesium into magnesium ingots at a high temperature of 710 ℃, and then cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium ingots to remove surface impurities.
Experimental effect
The method according to example 1, example 2, example 3 and example 4 refines magnesium from the purified slag of the calcium carbide furnace, and then the economic index data of magnesium smelting technology is counted according to the actual result, and the obtained data are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
Economic index data of 2022-year magnesium smelting technology in China are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 1 and table 2 above, the various economic indicators of the method for refining magnesium by the examples are superior to the process for refining magnesium by the pinjiang method of dolomite.
The current methods for refining magnesium at home and abroad include an electrolytic method, a silicothermic method (Pidgeon method) and a carbothermic method. The Pidgeon process is an important method for producing magnesium metal in China, because the Pidgeon process has the advantages of short magnesium smelting process flow, less investment, quick factory construction and lower cost, but the resource and energy consumption in the production process is large, and the pollution is serious.
The essence of the Pidgeon process magnesium smelting is that under the high temperature and vacuum condition, magnesium steam is generated by reducing magnesium oxide by silicon (or aluminum) and separated from solid dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO 2) generated by thermal reaction, and the magnesium steam is condensed to obtain crystalline magnesium, and further refined into high-quality magnesium ingots. The technological process includes four stages of dolomite calcination, material preparation, reduction and refining.
The invention has the outstanding characteristics or advantages that the slag after ash burning is purified by the calcium carbide furnace, the composition components in the slag are basically the same as that of the dolomite after the dolomite is burnt, the content of magnesium oxide is higher than that of the dolomite, and the stage of the dolomite burnt by the rotary kiln is directly skipped when the slag is used for refining magnesium. In the production of magnesium by dolomite Pidgeon process, the link of high energy consumption and high pollution is just the calcination of the part. The invention is initiated by finding that the contents of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and the like in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace are suitable for refining magnesium metal by a Pidgeon process.
The content of the purified slag of the calcium carbide furnace is basically 7% of the yield of the calcium carbide, the yield of the calcium carbide in China is up to 3000 ten thousand tons, namely, the annual yield of the purified slag of the calcium carbide furnace is up to 200 ten thousand tons, and through practical inspection, the content of magnesium in the purified slag is about 17%, and 30 ten thousand tons of magnesium can be extracted.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for extracting magnesium from purifying ash bottom slag of a calcium carbide furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting the purified ash bottom slag of a calcium carbide furnace, and detecting the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide;
s2, counting the detected contents of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace, and adjusting the contents of the magnesium oxide and the calcium oxide to be consistent;
s3, according to a reaction equation of 2MgO (solid) +Si (solid) +2CaO=2Mg (gas) +2CaO.SiO2, the prepared purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace, a reducing agent and a catalyst are input into a ball mill according to the proportion, and are ground to 120 meshes to form powder;
s4, conveying the ground material powder to a ball pressing machine for ball pressing, putting the pressed material balls into a vacuum reduction tank, heating to 1200-1210 ℃, vacuumizing to 13.3Pa in the vacuum reduction tank, maintaining for 8-10 hours, reducing magnesium oxide into magnesium steam, condensing to obtain crude magnesium, taking out and placing for later use;
s5, heating and melting the crude magnesium placed for standby in the step S4, refining the crude magnesium into magnesium ingots at a high temperature of 710 ℃, and then cleaning the surfaces of the magnesium ingots to remove surface impurities.
2. The method for extracting magnesium from the purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, when the purified slag of the calcium carbide furnace is inspected, the number of the purified slag samples of the calcium carbide furnace is at least three, and then the inspection results of each time are summarized and averaged.
3. The method for extracting magnesium from the purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the content of calcium oxide in the purified ash bottom slag of the calcium carbide furnace is low, and the content of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide is adjusted to be consistent by directly adding the calcium oxide according to the inspection result.
4. The method for extracting magnesium from the purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the reducing agent is 75% ferrosilicon, the catalyst is fluorite powder, and the bottom slag, the ferrosilicon and the fluorite powder are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: mixing the bottom slag (80-81) with the ferrosilicon (16.5-17.2) with the fluorite powder (2-3).
5. The method for extracting magnesium from the purified ash residue of the calcium carbide furnace according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S5, any one of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is used as a cleaning agent when the surface of the magnesium ingot is cleaned.
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