CN117085074A - 一种治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,按重量份计,包括桃仁5‑10份、红花3‑10份、生地10‑15份、当归5‑15份、赤芍5‑12份、川芎3‑9份、丹参5‑15份、延胡索3‑10份、羌活3‑9份、独活3‑9份、防风4.5‑9份、制川乌1.5‑3份、茯苓5‑10份、黄芪9‑30份、狗脊6‑12份、骨碎补10‑15份、桂枝3‑9份、杜仲10‑15份、伸筋草3‑12份、川楝子4.5‑9份、川牛膝6‑15份、桑寄生9‑15份、乳香3‑10份和没药3‑10份组成,本发明中药组合物具有降低椎管压力使突出物复位、解除神经压迫,修复破损纤维环达到治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药组合物技术领域,特别涉及治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法。
背景技术
腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病,是临床最常见的腰腿痛疾病之一,出现神经根症状的腰椎间盘突出的患者大约85%-90%。一般的患者更容易选择保守治疗,除非一开始就有明显的手术适应症,本病是由腰椎间盘发生退行性变,在外力作用下,使纤维环破裂,髓核突出,刺激或压迫神经根而引起的腰痛、下肢坐骨神经放射痛等症状的疾患。本病多为椎间盘发生退变后,外力、劳累、风寒湿邪侵袭所致。
下腰部是全身应力的中心,是腰椎间盘突出的好发部位。纤维环破裂时突出的髓核压迫或挤压硬脊膜及神经根,是造成腰腿痛的根本原因。若未压迫神经根时,只有后纵韧带受刺激,以腰痛为主;若突破后纵韧带而压迫神经根时则以腿痛为主。腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病患者,受累神经根所支配的皮肤感觉异常,早期多为皮肤过敏,渐而出现麻木、刺痛、感觉减退。L3/4椎间盘突出,压迫L4神经根,引起小腿前内侧皮肤感觉异常;L4/5椎间盘突出,压迫L5神经根,引起小腿前外侧、足背前内测和足底皮肤感觉异常;L5/S1椎间盘突出,压迫S1神经根,引起小腿后外侧、足背外侧皮肤感觉异常;中央型突出表现为马鞍区麻木,膀胱、肛门括约肌功能障碍。
中国专利号:CN110585414B,一种治疗腰椎间盘突出性坐骨神经痛的中药组合物及其应用,采用附子尖、乌头尖、南星、雄黄、樟脑、丁香、干姜、吴茱萸等,所述药物制剂为软膏剂、糊剂、凝胶剂、巴布膏剂、涂膜剂或气雾剂,对本病进行了深入的研究,临床收到了很好的效果。但是本发明一种治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,通过对本病病因、病机分析,从理、法、方、药入手,合理配伍,采用祖国医学外用药物的一种特有剂型-黑膏药,贴敷于病变椎间盘部位,使药物直达病所发挥作用。黑膏药使用操作简单、方便,临床效果显著,值得推广。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明提出治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,解决上述问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物,按重量份计,包括桃仁5-10份、红花3-10份、生地10-15份、当归5-15份、赤芍5-12份、川芎3-9份、丹参5-15份、延胡索3-10份、羌活3-9份、独活3-9份、防风4.5-9份、制川乌1.5-3份、茯苓5-10份、黄芪9-30份、狗脊6-12份、骨碎补10-15份、桂枝3-9份、杜仲10-15份、伸筋草3-12份、川楝子4.5-9份、川牛膝6-15份、桑寄生9-15份、乳香3-10份和没药3-10份组成。
进一步的,按重量份计,包括桃仁10份、红花10份、生地15份、当归15份、赤芍10份、川芎9份、丹参15份、延胡索10份、羌活9份、独活9份、防风9份、制川乌3份、茯苓10份、黄芪9份、狗脊10份、骨碎补10份、桂枝9份、杜仲10份、伸筋草10份、川楝子9份、川牛膝10份、桑寄生10份、乳香10份和没药10份组成。
一种治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法:包括以下步骤:
(1)将乳香、没药、丹参、伸筋草、红花、防风、川牛膝粉碎,制得混合粉末;
(2)将桃仁、生地、当归、赤芍、川芎、延胡索、羌活、独活、制川乌、茯苓、黄芪、狗脊、骨碎补、桂枝、杜仲、伸筋草、川楝子、桑寄生和香油混合浸泡,将香油升温,制得药油;
(3)将药油升温至320-330℃,制得油液;
(4)在油液中加入红升丹,混合,制得膏药;
(5)将炼成的膏药倒入容器中,搅拌成团,浸泡3-7天,制得去火毒的膏药;
(6)将去火毒的膏药加热,撒上步骤(1)制得的混合粉末,制得成品。
进一步的,步骤(1)中混合粉末过80-100目筛。
进一步的,步骤(2)中,所述混合浸泡时间为7.5-8.5h。
进一步的,步骤(2)中,所述混香油升温至200-230℃。
进一步的,步骤(4)中,所述红升丹和油液质量比为500mL:180-240g。
进一步的,步骤(6)中,所述去火毒的膏药加热温度为60-80℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明中药组合物具有降低椎管压力使突出物复位、解除神经压迫,修复破损纤维环达到治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的效果,本发明中药组合物在腰椎恢复过程中能够抑制炎症细胞因子,能够促进胶原生成,达到治疗腰椎间盘突出的目的。本发明经过临床试验,具有很好的治疗效果。
针对腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的患者,致病因素多为椎间盘退变后,外力、劳累、风寒湿邪侵袭所致。通过各中药成分之间的协同作用,达到活血祛瘀,通经活络,益肝肾强筋骨,祛风湿止痹痛的作用。现代药理研究能够解痉、镇痛、抗炎、改善软骨细胞、调节细胞免疫平衡等作用。中医认为:“外治之理即内治之理,外治之药即内治之药,所异者法耳”,本中药组合物制作成膏药,贴敷于局部发挥作用,使药效直达病所,可以改善腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病患者的主要临床症状和体征,提高生活质量。本膏药外用具有应用简单、方便、安全、毒副作用少、有效率高等特点。
本病多因外力、劳累、风寒湿邪侵袭所致,方中桃红、黄芪、独活、杜仲活血通络,祛风止痹,益肝肾为君,外力、劳累后必有瘀血内阻,气滞血瘀,臣以用生地、当归、赤芍、川芎、丹参、乳没药、川楝子、延胡索以活之;加以羌活、防风、川乌祛风解表,胜湿,通经止痹痛;川乌、狗脊、桑寄生祛风湿止痛功著;且川乌、桂枝可凑温经散寒止痛之功;佐以茯苓利水消肿,促进水湿外泄;纤维环破裂多以肾虚为本,狗脊、骨碎补、杜仲、桑寄生共凑补肝肾、强筋骨之功;牛膝为使,引药归经。本膏药的配方组方严谨,含有桃红四物汤、独活寄生汤的加减变方,制作纳入药物粉末为根痛平散(乳香、没药、红花、牛膝、伸筋草)的加减变方,它具有活血通络,舒筋止痛作用,是治疗神经根症状的经验效方。
本发明的治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物包括包括桃仁、红花、生地、当归、赤芍、川芎、丹参、延胡索、羌活、独活、防风、制川乌、茯苓、黄芪、狗脊、骨碎补、桂枝、杜仲、伸筋草、川楝子、川牛膝、桑寄生、乳香和没药。药物功效,现代药理等分述如下:
桃仁:活血祛瘀,润肠通便,止咳平喘。《本草经疏》:“桃仁,性善破血,散而不收,泻而无补。”现代药理作用:桃仁水煎剂及提取物有镇痛、抗炎、抗菌、抗过敏作用。
红花:活血通经,祛瘀止痛。《本草汇言》:“红花,破血、行血、和血、调血之药也。”现代药理作用:煎剂、水提液、红花黄色素等能扩张周围血管、降低血压。红花黄色素有免疫抑制作用。
生地黄:清热凉血,养阴生津。《神农本草经》:“主折跌绝筋,伤中,逐血痹,填骨髓,长肌肉,作汤除寒热积聚,除痹。生者优良。”现代药理作用:水提液有降压、镇静、抗炎、抗过敏作用。
当归:补血调经,活血止痛,润肠通便。活血行瘀之要药。《本草纲目》:“治头痛,心腹诸痛,润肠胃、筋骨、皮肤,治痈疽,排脓止痛,和血补血。”现代药理作用:当归及其阿魏酸钠有明显的抗血栓作用。
赤芍:清热凉血,散瘀止痛。《神农本草经》:“主邪气腹痛,除血痹,破坚积,寒热疝瘕,止痛,利小便。”现代药理作用:所含芍药苷有镇静、解痉、抗炎止痛作用。
川芎:活血行气,祛风止痛。血中之气药。《本草汇言》:“味辛性阳,气善走窜而无阴凝黏滞之态,虽入血分,又能去一切风,调一切气。”现代药理作用:能降低血小板表面活性,抑制血小板聚集,预防血栓的形成;可加速骨折局部血肿的吸收,促进骨痂形成。
丹参:活血调经,祛瘀止痛,凉血消痈,除烦安神。《日华子本草》:“养血定志,通理关节,治冷热劳,骨节烦痛,四肢不遂。”现代药理作用:能改善微循环,促进血液流速;能促进骨折和皮肤切口的愈合。对中枢神经有镇静和镇痛作用。具有抗炎、抗过敏的作用。
延胡索:活血,行气,止痛。《本草纲目》:“延胡索,能行血中气滞,气中血滞,故能专治一身上下诸痛,用之中的,妙不可言。盖延胡索活血化气,第一品药也。”现代药理作用:延胡索乙素有显著的镇痛、催眠、镇静与安定作用;甲素和丑素的镇痛作用也较明显,并有一定的催眠、镇静与安定作用;乙素和丑素有松弛肌肉的作用。
羌活:解表散寒,祛风胜湿,止痛。《珍珠囊》:“去诸骨节疼痛。”现代药理作用:挥发油具有抗炎、镇痛、解热作用。
独活:祛风湿,止痛,解表。祛风湿痹痛主药。《本草正》:“专理下焦风湿,两足痛痹,湿痒拘挛。”现代药理作用:具有抗炎、镇痛及镇静作用;对血小板聚集有抑制作用。
防风:祛风解表,胜湿止痛,止痉。可以治疗多种皮肤病,通经络,息风,风药之润剂,治风之通用药。《神农本草经》:“风行周身,骨节疼痹,烦满。”现代药理作用:具有解热、抗炎、镇静、镇痛、抗惊厥、抗过敏作用。
川乌:祛风湿,通经止痛。《长沙药解》:“乌头,温燥下行,其性疏利迅速,开通关腠,驱逐寒湿之力甚捷,凡历节、脚气、寒疝、冷积、心腹疼痛之类并有良功。”现代药理作用:川乌有明显的抗炎、镇痛作用;乌头碱有明显的局部麻醉作用。
茯苓:利水渗湿,健脾,宁心。利水消肿之要药。《世补斋医书》:“茯苓可以行水。茯苓又可行湿。”现代药理作用:具有利尿、镇静、抗肿瘤、降血糖,增加心肌收缩力的作用。茯苓多糖有增强免疫功能的作用。
桂枝:发汗解肌,温通经脉,助阳化气。《本草经疏》:“实表去邪。主风痹骨节疼痛。”现代药理作用:桂皮醛有镇痛、镇静、抗惊厥作用。
黄芪:补气健脾,升阳举陷,益卫固表,利尿消肿,托毒生肌。《本草汇言》:“补肺健脾,实卫敛汗,祛风运毒之药也。”现代药理作用:能促进机体代谢、抗疲劳、促进血清和肝脏蛋白质的更新。能增强和调节机体免疫功能,对干扰素系统有促进作用,可提高机体的抗病力。
狗脊:祛风湿,补肝肾,强腰膝。《本草正义》:“能温养肝肾,通调百脉,强腰膝,坚脊骨,利关节,而驱痹着,起痿废。”现代药理作用:具有抗炎、镇痛、抗血小板聚集作用。
骨碎补:活血续伤,补肾强骨。《开宝本草》:“主迫血、止血,补伤折。”现代药理作用:能促进骨对钙的吸收,提高血钙和血磷水平,有利于骨折愈合;改善软骨细胞,推迟骨细胞的退行性病变。此外骨碎补双氢黄酮苷有明显的镇痛、镇静作用。
杜仲:补肝肾、强筋骨、安胎。《神农本草经》:“主腰脊痛,补中,益经气,坚筋骨,强志。”现代药理作用:具有调节细胞免疫平衡的作用。
伸筋草:祛风湿,舒筋活络。《本草拾遗》:“主人久患风痹,脚膝痛冷,皮肤不仁,气力衰弱。”现代药理作用:有明显镇痛作用。
川楝子:行气止痛,杀虫。《本经逢原》:“苦寒性降,能导湿热下走渗道。”现代药理作用:具有抗炎、抗癌作用。能兴奋肠管平滑肌,使其张力和收缩力增加。
川牛膝:活血通经,补肝肾,强筋骨,利水通林,引火下行。其活血祛瘀作用,有疏利降泄之特点。《神农本草经》:“主寒湿痿痹,四肢拘挛。”现代药理作用:具有抗炎、镇痛作用,能提高机体免疫功能。
桑寄生:祛风湿,补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎。《神农本草经》:“主腰痛,小儿背强。”现代药理作用:煎剂或浸剂在体外对脊髓灰质炎病毒和多种肠道病毒均有明显抑制作用,能抑制伤寒杆菌及葡萄球菌的生长。
乳香:活血行气止痛,消肿生肌。《本草汇言》:“乳香,活血祛风,舒筋止痛之药也。”现代药理作用:具有镇痛、消炎、升高白细胞的作用,并能加速炎症渗出排泄,促进伤口愈合。
没药:活血定痛,消肿生肌。《医学衷中参西录》:“其通气活血之力,又善治风寒湿痹,周身麻木,四肢不遂;乳香、没药,二药并用,为宣通脏腑,流通经络之药。”现代药理作用:对多种真菌有抑制作用。
具体实施方式
为了更好理解本发明技术内容,下面提供具体实施例,对本发明做进一步的说明。
本发明实施例所用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
本发明实施例所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
按重量份计,由桃仁10份、红花10份、生地15份、当归15份、赤芍12份、川芎9份、丹参15份、延胡索10份、羌活3份、独活3份、防风4.5份、制川乌1.5份、茯苓5份、黄芪9份、狗脊6份、骨碎补10份、桂枝3份、杜仲10份、伸筋草3份、川楝子4.5份、川牛膝6份、桑寄生9份、乳香3份和没药3份组成。
实施例2
按重量份计,由桃仁5份、红花3份、生地10份、当归5份、赤芍5份、川芎3份、丹参5份、延胡索3份、羌活9份、独活12份、防风9份、制川乌3份、茯苓10份、黄芪9份、狗脊6份、骨碎补10份、桂枝9份、杜仲10份、伸筋草10份、川楝子9份、川牛膝10份、桑寄生10份、乳香10份和没药10份组成。
实施例3
按重量份计,由桃仁5份、红花3份、生地10份、当归5份、赤芍5份、川芎3份、丹参5份、延胡索3份、羌活3份、独活3份、防风4.5份、制川乌1.5份、茯苓9份、黄芪30份、狗脊12份、骨碎补15份、桂枝9份、杜仲15份、伸筋草12份、川楝子9份、川牛膝15份、桑寄生15份、乳香10份和没药10份组成。
实施例4
按重量份计,由桃仁10份、红花10份、生地15份、当归15份、赤芍10份、川芎9份、丹参15份、延胡索10份、羌活9份、独活9份、防风9份、制川乌3份、茯苓10份、黄芪9份、狗脊10份、骨碎补10份、桂枝9份、杜仲10份、伸筋草10份、川楝子9份、川牛膝10份、桑寄生10份、乳香10份和没药10份组成。
实施例1-4中药组合物的制备方法为:
将乳香、没药、丹参、伸筋草、红花、防风、川牛膝,此7种药物研磨成细粉,过筛(100目筛),研成细粉,制得混合粉末。
将余药提出有效成分,制成黑膏药,
一、提取有效成分,先用香油浸泡8小时,然后加热,油温达220℃左右,将炸好的液体去渣,留取药油。
二、炼油,将上述药油继续熬制,药油的温度达到320℃,以炼制滴水成珠。
三、将红升丹炒干,除去水分,过100目筛,下红升丹时置于细筛内均匀撒在油中,充分混合。每500毫升油中,夏季加入红升丹240g,冬季180g,春秋季210g。
四、去火毒,将炼成的膏药以细流慢慢倒入预先准备好的缸中,顺一个方向搅拌使膏药成团,浸泡7天。
五、制作,将去火毒的膏药放在锅内文火加热融化,温度控制在60-80℃,摊涂后,上面撒布药粉。
本中药组合物功效:活血祛瘀,通经活络,益肝肾强筋骨,祛风湿止痹痛。通过调整药物用量,使药物功效有所侧重,实施例1侧重于活血化瘀,通经活络止痛;实施例2侧重于温经散寒,祛风湿通络止痛;实施例3侧重于补益肝肾强筋骨,通络止痹痛;实施例4对于辨证分型不甚明显的患者。结合中医辨证论治,应用于不同证型的患者。本中药组合物制作成膏药外用贴敷治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的患者,参照《中药新药临床指导原则》及结合本病研究进展,疗程为28天。以1个疗程作为实验观察时间。每周1贴,共4贴为1个疗程。
实验例1
本发明经过120例腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的患者进行系统的临床研究,120例患者均来源于邹城市中医院。自2021年6月至2022年12月在门诊接受诊治的符合纳入研究的患者,排除病例剔除和脱落者,全部患者经临床体格检查,腰椎间盘CT等检查确诊。
通过对患者的视觉模拟疼痛数值评分(VAS)、腰椎功能评分(JOA)等评价指标评分情况,进行疗效评价。疗效评价标准如下:
1、视觉模拟疼痛数值评分(VAS)评定疼痛程度:即在纸上画一条长的直线,分成10等份,最近点代表无疼痛记为0,最远点代表最严重的疼痛记为10,中间分成九个点分别代表不同的疼痛程度。治疗前后对病人各测量一次。
2、腰椎功能评分(JOA)疗效判断标准
临床控制:腰腿痛基本消除,直腿抬高试验阴性,恢复正常工作,症状,体征以及日常活动积分改善≥90%
临床显效:腰腿痛部分消除,直腿抬高试验阴性,基本恢复正常工作,症状,体征以及日常活动积分改善70%-89%
临床进步:腰腿痛轻微,直腿抬高试验可疑阳性,部份恢复正常工作,症状、体征以及日常活动积分改善50%-69%
临床无效:腰腿痛无好转,直腿抬高试验阳性,不能正常工作,症状、体征以及日常活动积分改善<50%
改善率=[(治疗后评分﹣治疗前评分)/(满分29分﹣治疗前评分)]×100%
治疗组:按就诊顺序随机数字表法选取30例,单纯应用本发明药物治疗1个疗程。
对照组:按就诊顺序随机数字表法选取30例,口服甲钴胺片、布洛芬缓释胶囊治疗1个疗程。
两组患者在年龄、性别、病情、病程等方面经统计学处理,差异无统计学意义。
治疗方法:治疗组:贴敷于病变椎间盘部位,每周1贴,共4贴为1个疗程。对照组:口服甲钴胺片,0.5mg,口服每天三次,共28天;布洛芬缓释胶囊0.3g,口服每天两次,共7天。
观察指标和方法
参照《中药新药临床指导原则》、《中医病证诊断疗效标准》的标准。
治疗组60例,痊愈15例,显效21例,有效19例,无效5例,总有效率91.67%;对照组60例,痊愈9例,显效18例,有效21例,无效13例,总有效率78.3%。两组的有效率差异有明显的统计学意义,治疗组明显优于对照组。
通过以下临床病例,给予中医辨证论治,贴敷本制剂,参照《中药新药临床指导原则》及结合本病研究进展,疗程为28天,每周1贴,共4贴为1个疗程。病例患者均来自于邹城市中医院。
病例1
孙某,女,45岁,2022年6月28日就诊。
主诉:腰部、左臀部疼痛伴左下肢麻木疼痛1年余,加重伴腰部活动不利半月余。患者于1年前无明显原因出现腰部、左臀部疼痛、左下肢后侧、左小腿外侧麻木疼痛症状,口服药物、针灸、推拿治疗,治疗后明显缓解,症状时有反复,半月前弯腰干活后症状加重,并出现腰部疼痛活动不利症状,疼痛重时痛如针刺,翻身、弯腰时症状加重;口服药物,针灸,推拿治疗,效果不佳,为进一步治疗,遂来我院就诊。中医望、闻、切诊:神色可,语声有力,气息匀称,无特殊气味,舌苔薄白,舌质暗有瘀斑,脉象弦涩。查体:步态正常,腰椎生理曲度变浅,腰部、左臀部有明显压痛点,腰部活动受限,直腿抬高试验左(-),右(-),加强试验(+),左臀部及左下肢外侧、后侧放射性疼痛,左小腿外侧触诊对比右小腿外侧敏感性高,左小腿内侧、左足背触诊对比右小腿内侧、右足背无差异,双下肢肌力及肌张力正常,趾端血运感觉活动可。CT示:1、腰椎退行性变2、L2/3、L3/4、L5/S1椎间盘突出3、L4/5椎间盘膨出。诊断为:中医诊断:腰痛(气滞血瘀),西医诊断:腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病。建议患者住院治疗,患者拒绝,门诊给予实施例1制备的黑膏药在腰脊部患处进行外用贴敷,每贴贴敷7天,4贴为一个疗程。应用2贴后症状明显减轻,继续应用2贴后,症状基本消失。1月后电话回访,症状消失,效果满意。
病例2
丁某,女,56岁,2021年10月12日就诊。
主诉:腰痛伴右下肢麻木疼痛1月余,加重5天。患者于1月前腰部扭伤后出现腰部疼痛、右下肢麻木疼痛症状,曾输液治疗,治疗后症状缓解,5天前久坐起身后上述症状加重,小腿前内侧麻木明显,屈伸腰部时疼痛较甚,休息后缓解不明显,遂来我院就诊。中医望、闻、切诊:神色可,语声有力,呼吸均匀,无特殊气味,舌苔淡白,舌质紫暗,脉象弦。查体:腰椎生理曲度变浅,第3、4、5椎体两侧压痛明显,直腿抬高试验左(-),右(+),右小腿前内侧触诊对比右小腿前内侧敏感性高,双下肢肌力正常。CT示:1、腰椎退行性变2、L2/3、L4/5椎间盘膨出3、L3/4椎间盘向右侧突出4、L5/S1椎间盘突出。中医诊断:腰痛(气滞血瘀),西医诊断:腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病。给予实施例1制备的黑膏药在腰椎棘突第3、4部位为中心贴敷患处,每贴贴敷7天,4贴为一个疗程。应用1贴后症状减轻,继续应用3贴后,症状基本消失。1月后电话回访,患者自述正常工作、生活,症状消失,效果满意。
病例3
杨某,男,63岁,2021年7月16日就诊。
主诉:双下肢麻木疼痛3年余,加重1周。患者于3年前劳累受凉后出现双下肢麻木症状,左下肢尤甚,每遇阴天、下雨、天气寒冷时症状加重,热敷治疗,症状有所缓解,1周前吹空调后症状加重。中医望、闻、切诊:神色可,语声低沉,气息匀称,无特殊气味,舌质淡,苔白腻,脉迟缓。查体:步态正常,腰椎生理曲度变浅,腰部、臀部有明显压痛点,可触及条索状结节,腰部活动可,直腿抬高试验左(+),右(-),双侧小腿前外侧、足背部皮肤触诊感觉皮厚,双下肢肌力及肌张力正常,趾端血运感觉活动可。CT示:1、腰椎骨质增生2、L4/5,L5/S1椎间盘突出。诊断为:中医诊断:腰痛(寒湿闭阻),西医诊断:腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病。给予实施例2制备的黑膏药在腰脊部第4、5、骶1部位为中心进行外用贴敷,治疗1个疗程。1月后电话回访,下肢麻木疼痛症状基本消失,效果满意。
病例4
孔某,女,68岁,2021年11月09日就诊。
主诉:腰痛伴右下肢麻木10余年,加重2月余。患者于10年前劳累后出现腰部疼痛症状,隐隐作痛,未治疗,逐渐出现右大腿外侧,小腿前外侧麻木症状,间断口服药物治疗,症状时有反复,2月前感觉腰部酸软无力,下肢麻木症状加重。中医望、闻、切诊:神色可,语声无力,气息匀称,无特殊气味,舌淡苔薄,脉沉细。查体:步态正常,腰椎生理曲度变浅,腰脊两侧,髂脊部位有压痛点,可触及结节,腰部活动可,直腿抬高试验左(-),右60°(+),右小腿前外侧触诊对比左小腿外侧敏感度降低,双下肢肌力及肌张力正常,趾端血运感觉活动可。CT示:1、腰椎退行性变2、L2/3、L3/4椎间盘膨出并突出,压迫硬脊膜囊3、L4/5、L5/S1椎间盘突出。诊断为:中医诊断:腰痛(肝肾亏虚),西医诊断:腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病。给予实施例3制备的黑膏药在腰脊部患处进行外用贴敷,1月后电话回访,症状消失,效果满意。
病例5
李某,女,61岁,2022年9月22日就诊。
主诉:腰痛伴左下肢麻木1月余。患者于1月前无明显原因出现腰部疼痛、左大腿外侧麻木症状,劳累、受凉后症状未见加重,腰部活动可,自发病以来,无恶寒、发热,无头痛、头晕,纳可,二便调。中医望、闻、切诊:神色可,语声有力,气息匀称,无特殊气味,舌淡苔薄,脉缓。查体:步态正常,腰椎生理曲度变浅,腰脊两侧,髂脊部位无明显压痛点,腰部活动可,直腿抬高试验左(-),右(-),双下肢触诊无异常,双下肢肌力及肌张力正常,趾端血运感觉活动可。CT示:1、腰椎退行性变2、L2/3、L3/4椎间盘膨出并突出,压迫硬脊膜囊3、L4/5、L5/S1椎间盘膨出。诊断为:中医诊断:腰痛,西医诊断:腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病。给予实施例4制备的黑膏药在腰脊部以第3/4棘突部位为中心进行贴敷,1个疗程后电话回访,症状基本消失,效果满意。
病例6
徐某,男,55岁,2022年5月18日就诊。
主诉:腰痛,右臀部、右下肢麻木疼痛半年余。患者于半年前劳累受凉后出现腰痛,腰部疼痛以脊柱两侧为主,疼痛不甚,腰部活动可,右髂脊、臀部、右下肢后侧麻木疼痛。中医望、闻、切诊:神色可,语声有力,气息匀称,无特殊气味,舌淡苔薄白,脉和缓。查体:步态正常,腰椎生理曲度变浅,腰脊两侧压痛,右髂脊、臀部、右下肢后侧压痛,腰部活动可,直腿抬高试验左(-),右(-),双下肢触诊无异常,双下肢肌力及肌张力正常,趾端血运感觉活动可。CT示:1、腰椎骨质增生,腰椎退行性变2、L2/3、L3/4椎间盘膨出,压迫硬脊膜囊3、L4/5、L5/S1椎间盘突出。诊断为:中医诊断:腰痛,西医诊断:腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病。给予实施例4制备的黑膏药在腰脊部以第3、4椎体为中心进行贴敷,应用2贴后症状明显缓解,1个疗程后电话回访,症状基本消失,效果满意。
实验例2
炎性因子试验:
抽取患者肘静脉血液3mL,封存于试管内,离心后取上方少许清液进行酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测,记录治疗前后肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)等指标。试验人数为50人。
表1两组炎性因子对比
实验结果表明,本发明中药组合物对TNF-α、IL-1β有抑制作用,通过抑制TNF-α、IL-1β等炎症因子达到缓解神经根性疼痛的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物,其特征在于:按重量份计,包括桃仁5-10份、红花3-10份、生地10-15份、当归5-15份、赤芍5-12份、川芎3-9份、丹参5-15份、延胡索3-10份、羌活3-9份、独活3-9份、防风4.5-9份、制川乌1.5-3份、茯苓5-10份、黄芪9-30份、狗脊6-12份、骨碎补10-15份、桂枝3-9份、杜仲10-15份、伸筋草3-12份、川楝子4.5-9份、川牛膝6-15份、桑寄生9-15份、乳香3-10份和没药3-10份组成。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物,其特征在于:按重量份计,包括桃仁10份、红花10份、生地15份、当归15份、赤芍10份、川芎9份、丹参15份、延胡索10份、羌活9份、独活9份、防风9份、制川乌3份、茯苓10份、黄芪9份、狗脊10份、骨碎补10份、桂枝9份、杜仲10份、伸筋草10份、川楝子9份、川牛膝10份、桑寄生10份、乳香10份和没药10份组成。
3.一种治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将乳香、没药、丹参、伸筋草、红花、防风、川牛膝粉碎,制得混合粉末;
(2)将桃仁、生地、当归、赤芍、川芎、延胡索、羌活、独活、制川乌、茯苓、黄芪、狗脊、骨碎补、桂枝、杜仲、伸筋草、川楝子、桑寄生和香油混合浸泡,将香油升温,制得药油;
(3)将药油升温至320-330℃,制得油液;
(4)在油液中加入红升丹,混合,制得膏药;
(5)将炼成的膏药倒入容器中,搅拌成团,浸泡3-7天,制得去火毒的膏药;
(6)将去火毒的膏药加热,撒上步骤(1)制得的混合粉末,制得成品。
4.如权利要求3所述的治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中混合粉末过80-100目筛。
5.如权利要求3所述的治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述混合浸泡时间为7.5-8.5h。
6.如权利要求3所述的治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述混香油升温至200-230℃。
7.如权利要求3所述的治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述红升丹和油液质量比为500mL:180-240g。
8.如权利要求3所述的治疗腰椎间盘突出伴有神经根病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)中,所述去火毒的膏药加热温度为60-80℃。
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