CN117083273A - Jak抑制剂化合物的二盐酸盐的晶型 - Google Patents
Jak抑制剂化合物的二盐酸盐的晶型 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本文提供了5‑乙基‑2‑氟‑4‑(3‑(5‑(1‑甲基哌啶‑4‑基)‑4,5,6,7‑四氢‑1H‑咪唑并[4,5‑c]吡啶‑2‑基)‑1H‑吲唑‑6‑基)苯酚的二盐酸盐的晶型。本文还提供了包含这样的晶型的药物组合物、使用这样的晶型治疗呼吸道疾病的方法以及可用于制备这样的晶型的方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
根据35 U.S.C.§119(e),本申请要求2021年3月26日提交的美国临时申请号63/166,800的权益,将所述临时申请通过引用以其整体并入本文。
技术领域
本文提供了一种JAK抑制剂化合物的二盐酸盐的晶型,所述晶型可用于治疗呼吸道疾病和其他疾病。本文还提供了包含这样的化合物的药物组合物、使用所述盐形式治疗呼吸道疾病的方法以及可用于制备这样的结晶盐形式的方法。
背景技术
细胞因子是细胞间信号传导分子,其包括趋化因子、干扰素、白介素、淋巴因子和肿瘤坏死因子。细胞因子对于正常的细胞生长和免疫调节至关重要,但是也驱动免疫介导的疾病并促进恶性细胞的生长。许多细胞因子水平的升高已牵涉进大量疾病或病症、特别是那些特征在于炎症的疾病的病理学。许多牵涉进疾病的细胞因子通过依赖于Janus酪氨酸激酶家族(JAK)的信号传导途径起作用,后者通过转录因子的信号转导及转录激活蛋白(STAT)家族发出信号。
JAK家族包括四个成员,即JAK1、JAK2、JAK3和酪氨酸激酶2(TYK2)。细胞因子与JAK依赖性细胞因子受体的结合诱导受体二聚化,这导致JAK激酶上的酪氨酸残基的磷酸化,影响JAK激活。磷酸化的JAK进而结合并磷酸化各种STAT蛋白,它们二聚化,在细胞核中内化并直接调节基因转录,除其他效应外,还导致与炎性疾病相关的下游效应。JAK通常与细胞因子受体成对结合为同二聚体或异二聚体。特定的细胞因子与特定的JAK配对相关联。JAK家族的四个成员中的每一个都与至少一种与炎症相关的细胞因子的信号传导有关。
哮喘是一种没有预防或治愈方法的慢性气道疾病。所述疾病的特征在于气道的炎症、纤维化、高反应性和重塑,所有这些都导致气流受限。全球估计有3亿人患有哮喘,并且据估计,到2025年,哮喘患者人数将增长1亿多。尽管大多数患者可以通过使用可以与白三烯调节剂和/或长效β激动剂组合的吸入糖皮质激素来控制哮喘症状,但仍有一部分严重哮喘患者的疾病不受常规疗法控制。通过JAK-STAT途径发出信号的牵涉进哮喘炎症的细胞因子包括IL-2、IL-3、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-9、IL-11、IL-13、IL-23、IL-31、IL-27、胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(TSLP)、干扰素-γ(IFNγ)和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)。除哮喘外,气道炎症也是其他呼吸道疾病所特有的。慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、囊性纤维化(CF)、肺炎、间质性肺疾病(包括特发性肺纤维化)、急性肺损伤、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管炎、肺气肿和闭塞性细支气管炎也是病理生理学被认为与JAK信号传导细胞因子有关的呼吸道疾病。
普通转让的美国申请序列号15/341,226(在2016年11月02日提交,作为US2017/0121327公开)披露了可用作JAK抑制剂的二氨基化合物。具体地,化合物5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚(化合物1)
在所述申请中被特别披露为有效力的泛JAK抑制剂。
为了有效地将此化合物用作治疗剂,希望具有结晶固态盐形式。例如,非常希望具有在合理高的温度下热稳定从而有利于材料的加工和储存的物理形式。为了提高所制造产品的纯度和稳定性,结晶固体通常比无定型更优选。然而,有机化合物的晶型的形成是高度不可预测的。不存在用于预测有机化合物的哪种形式(如果有的话)将是结晶的可靠方法。此外,不存在用于预测哪种晶型(如果有的话)将具有用作药剂所需的物理特性的方法。需要化合物1的稳定的结晶盐形式。
发明内容
本文提供了一种5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚(1)的二盐酸盐的晶型。
已发现所述晶型具有在312.6℃下起始的熔融温度和在325.7℃下的吸热峰值。
当在室温下暴露于约5%与约90%之间的相对湿度范围时,所述晶型展现出约0.8%的总吸湿率。
除其他用途外,还预期本公开文本的结晶固体形式可用于制备用于治疗或改善适于用JAK抑制剂治疗的疾病、特别是呼吸道疾病的药物组合物。因此,本文提供了一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含药学上可接受的载体和所述5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚的二盐酸盐的晶型。
本文还提供了一种治疗哺乳动物的呼吸道疾病、特别是哮喘的方法,所述方法包括向所述哺乳动物施用本公开文本的结晶固体形式或药物组合物。在单独且不同的方面,本公开文本还提供了可用于制备本公开文本的晶型的合成方法。
还提供了如本文所述的用于在医学疗法中使用的本公开文本的结晶固体形式、以及本公开文本的结晶固体形式在制造用于治疗哺乳动物的呼吸道疾病的配制品或药剂中的用途。
附图说明
通过参考附图来说明本公开文本的各个方面。
图1显示了5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚的二盐酸盐的晶型的粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)图。
图2显示了5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚的二盐酸盐的晶型的差示扫描量热法(DSC)热谱图。
图3显示了5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚的二盐酸盐的晶型的热重分析(TGA)图。
图4显示了在约25℃的温度下观察到的5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚的二盐酸盐的晶型的动态吸湿(DMS)等温线。
具体实施方式
定义
在本公开文本(包括其各个方面和实施方案)中,以下术语具有以下含义,除非另有指示。
术语“治疗有效量”意指当施用至需要治疗的患者时足以实现治疗的量。
术语“治疗(treating)”或“治疗(treatment)”意指改善或抑制患者(特别是人)的所治疗的医学病症、疾病或障碍(例如,呼吸道疾病);或减轻医学病症、疾病或障碍的症状。
在一些实施方案中,术语“约”意指指定值的±5%。在一些实施方案中,术语“约”意指指定值的±2%。在一些实施方案中,术语“约”意指指定值的±1%。在一些实施方案中,术语“约”意指指定值的±10%。
必须指出,如在说明书和所附权利要求中所用,单数形式“一种/一个(a)”、“一种/一个(an)”、“一种/一个(one)”和“所述(the)”可以包括复数指示物,除非上下文另有明确规定。
命名规则
根据如在ChemDraw软件(PerkinElmer,Inc.,马塞诸塞州坎布里奇)中实现的IUPAC规则,化合物1被指定为5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚。
此外,化合物1的结构中的四氢咪唑并吡啶部分的咪唑并部分以互变异构形式存在,下文对实施例1的化合物的片段进行了说明。
根据IUPAC规则,这些表示导致咪唑部分的原子的编号不同:2-(1H-吲唑-3-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(结构A)与2-(1H-吲唑-3-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-3H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶(结构B)。将理解,尽管以特定形式示出或命名结构,但本公开文本还包括其互变异构体。
晶型
本文提供了式1的化合物的二盐酸盐的晶型:
在一个实施方案中,结晶二盐酸盐形式的特征在于粉末X射线衍射图包括在5.99±0.2、11.98±0.2、17.67±0.2和18.02±0.2的2θ值处的衍射峰。在一些实施方案中,粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在22.17±0.2的2θ值处具有一个另外的衍射峰。在一些实施方案中,粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在12.47±0.2和21.22±0.2的2θ值处具有两个另外的衍射峰。在一些实施方案中,粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在7.74±0.2和8.48±0.2的2θ值处具有两个另外的衍射峰。在一些实施方案中,粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在选自7.74±0.2、8.48±0.2、12.47±0.2、21.22±0.2和22.17±0.2的2θ值处具有两个或更多个另外的衍射峰。在一些实施方案中,粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在选自13.11±0.2、15.12±0.2、15.53±0.2、19.45±0.2、19.77±0.2、20.64±0.2、21.48±0.2、23.66±0.2、24.99±0.2、26.84±0.2、27.29±0.2和28.13±0.2的2θ值处具有两个或更多个另外的衍射峰。
正如在粉末X射线衍射领域众所周知的那样,与相对峰高相比,PXRD光谱的峰位置对实验细节(诸如样品制备和仪器几何形状的细节)的敏感性相对较低。因此,在一些实施方案中,晶型的特征在于这样的粉末X射线衍射图,其中峰位置基本上与图1所示的图的峰位置一致。在另一个方面,晶型的特征在于其在暴露于高温时的行为。在一些实施方案中,晶型的特征在于这样的以每分钟10℃的加热速率记录的差示扫描量热法迹线,其显示出在312.6℃下起始的熔融温度和在325.7℃下的吸热峰值(吸热热流的最大值)。在一些实施方案中,晶型的特征在于差示扫描量热法迹线基本上与图2所示的迹线一致。
图3的热重分析(TGA)迹线显示出在约285℃的起始温度下分解。
已证明本发明的晶型具有可逆的吸附/解吸特性,有轻微的吸湿倾向。如图4所示,当在室温下暴露于约5%与约90%之间的相对湿度范围时,晶型展现出约0.8%的总吸湿率。在两个吸湿和解吸循环后,形式没有变化。
本发明的晶型在水和模拟肺液中展现出良好的溶解度。
在一些实施方案中,本文提供了包含式I的化合物的药物组合物,其中至少95%的式I的化合物是上述结晶二盐酸盐形式。在一些实施方案中,本文提供了包含式I的化合物的药物组合物,其中至少96%的式I的化合物是上述结晶二盐酸盐形式。在一些实施方案中,本文提供了包含式I的化合物的药物组合物,其中至少97%的式I的化合物是上述结晶二盐酸盐形式。在一些实施方案中,本文提供了包含式I的化合物的药物组合物,其中至少98%的式I的化合物是上述结晶二盐酸盐形式。在一些实施方案中,本文提供了包含式I的化合物的药物组合物,其中至少99%的式I的化合物是上述结晶二盐酸盐形式。
合成程序
通过以下方式方便地制备晶型:在DMSO和乙醇(以1:2至3的DMSO:乙醇比率,例如以约1:2.4的比率)中将5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚结晶水合物(结晶水合物的制备示于2016年11月2日提交的美国申请15/341,226(作为US2017/0121327公开)中)加热至约55℃,随后冷却至约25℃并在约25℃下添加盐酸(2至2.5当量,例如2.1当量)和乙醇。然后将所获得的固体过滤,用乙醇洗涤并干燥。将乙醇和水(以15至25:1的比率,例如约19:1)添加到固体中,并且将混合物在约40℃下搅拌12-36小时(例如约24h)。然后将所得悬浮液过滤并用乙醇洗涤以提供二盐酸盐形式。
因此,本文提供了制备晶型的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)任选地伴随加热将5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚或其水合物或溶剂化物混合在DMSO和乙醇中以得到混合物,
(b)向步骤(a)中获得的混合物中添加在乙醇中的2当量或过量的盐酸以产生悬浮液,
(c)从步骤(b)的悬浮液中分离固体,
(d)向步骤(c)的固体中添加乙醇和水并且搅拌所获得的混合物以得到悬浮液,以及(e)从步骤(d)的悬浮液中分离晶型。
本文还提供了制备晶型的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)在55℃±10℃下在DMSO和乙醇中加热5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚或其水合物或溶剂化物,其中DMSO:乙醇的比率为1:2至3,以得到混合物,
(b)将步骤(a)中获得的混合物冷却至约25℃并且在25℃±10℃下添加在乙醇中的2至2.5当量的盐酸以产生悬浮液,
(c)过滤步骤(b)的悬浮液以得到固体,
(d)向步骤(c)的固体中添加乙醇:水的比率为15至25:1的乙醇和水并且将所获得的混合物在25℃±10℃下搅拌12-36小时以得到悬浮液,以及
(e)从步骤(d)的悬浮液中分离晶型。
在一些实施方案中,所述方法包括在进行步骤(d)之前在50℃±10℃下干燥步骤(c)的固体。在一些实施方案中,在步骤(a)中使用的5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚是水合物。
药物组合物
本公开文本的结晶二盐酸盐形式通常以药物组合物或配制品的形式使用。此类药物组合物可以有利地通过吸入施用至患者。另外,药物组合物可以通过任何可接受的施用途径来施用,所述施用途径包括但不限于口服、局部(包括透皮)、直肠、鼻和肠胃外施用方式。
因此,本文提供了包含药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂和化合物1的二盐酸盐的晶型的药物组合物。任选地,如果需要,此类药物组合物可以含有其他治疗剂和/或配制剂。当讨论组合物及其用途时,本公开文本的结晶固体形式在本文中也可以被称为“活性剂”。
本公开文本的药物组合物通常含有治疗有效量的本公开文本的晶型。然而,本领域技术人员将认识到,药物组合物可以含有大于治疗有效量(即,散装组合物)或小于治疗有效量(即,设计用于多次施用以达到治疗有效量的单独单位剂量)。
通常,此类药物组合物将含有按重量计约0.01%至约95%的活性剂;包括例如按重量计约0.05%至约30%;以及按重量计约0.1%至约10%的活性剂。
任何常规载体或赋形剂都可以用于本公开文本的药物组合物中。特定载体或赋形剂或者载体或赋形剂的组合的选择将取决于用于治疗特定患者的施用方式或者医学病症或疾病状态的类型。在这方面,用于特定施用方式的合适药物组合物的制备完全在制药领域技术人员的能力范围内。另外,在本公开文本的药物组合物中使用的载体或赋形剂是可商购的。通过进一步说明的方式,常规配制技术描述于Remington:The Science andPractice of Pharmacy,第20版,Lippincott Williams&White,Baltimore,Maryland(2000);以及H.C.Ansel等人,Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug DeliverySystems,第7版,Lippincott Williams&White,Baltimore,Maryland(1999)中。
可以用作药学上可接受的载体的材料的代表性例子包括但不限于以下:糖,诸如乳糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖;淀粉,诸如玉米淀粉和马铃薯淀粉;纤维素(诸如微晶纤维素)及其衍生物,诸如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素和乙酸纤维素;粉状黄芪胶;麦芽;明胶;滑石;赋形剂,诸如可可脂和栓剂蜡;油,诸如花生油、棉籽油、红花油、芝麻油、橄榄油、玉米油和大豆油;二醇,诸如丙二醇;多元醇,诸如甘油、山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇和聚乙二醇;酯,诸如油酸乙酯和月桂酸乙酯;琼脂;缓冲剂,诸如氢氧化镁和氢氧化铝;海藻酸;无热原水;等渗盐水;林格氏溶液;乙醇;磷酸盐缓冲溶液;以及用于药物组合物的其他无毒相容物质。
通常通过将活性剂与药学上可接受的载体和一种或多种任选的成分充分且紧密地混合或共混来制备药物组合物。然后可以使用常规程序和设备将所得均匀共混的混合物成形为或装入片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂等。
在一个方面,药物组合物适合于吸入施用。用于吸入施用的药物组合物通常呈气雾剂或散剂的形式。通常使用吸入器递送装置施用此类组合物,所述吸入器递送装置诸如干粉吸入器(DPI)、定量吸入器(MDI)、喷雾吸入器或类似递送装置。
在一个特定实施方案中,使用干粉吸入器通过吸入施用药物组合物。此类干粉吸入器通常将药物组合物作为自由流动的散剂施用,所述散剂在吸气期间分散在患者的气流中。为了获得自由流动的散剂组合物,通常将治疗剂与合适的赋形剂诸如乳糖、淀粉、甘露醇、右旋糖、聚乳酸(PLA)、聚丙交酯-共-乙交酯(PLGA)或其组合一起配制。通常,将治疗剂微粉化并与合适的载体合并以形成适合于吸入的组合物。
用于在干粉吸入器中使用的代表性药物组合物包含乳糖和呈微粉化形式的本公开文本的结晶固体形式。这样的干粉组合物可以例如通过将干磨的乳糖与治疗剂合并,然后将组分干混来制备。然后通常将组合物装入干粉分配器中,或装入与干粉递送装置一起使用的吸入药筒或胶囊中。
适合于通过吸入施用治疗剂的干粉吸入器递送装置在本领域有描述,并且此类装置的例子是可商购的。例如,代表性干粉吸入器递送装置或产品包括Aeolizer(Novartis);Airmax(IVAX);ClickHaler(Innovata Biomed);Diskhaler(GlaxoSmithKline);Diskus/Accuhaler(GlaxoSmithKline);Ellipta(GlaxoSmithKline);Easyhaler(Orion Pharma);Eclipse(Aventis);FlowCaps(Hovione);Handihaler(Boehringer Ingelheim);Pulvinal(Chiesi);Rotahaler(GlaxoSmithKline);SkyeHaler/Certihaler(SkyePharma);Twisthaler(Schering-Plough);Turbuhaler(AstraZeneca);Ultrahaler(Aventis)等。
在另一个特定实施方案中,使用定量吸入器通过吸入施用药物组合物。此类定量吸入器通常使用压缩的推进剂气体排出测定量的治疗剂。因此,使用定量吸入器施用的药物组合物通常包含治疗剂在液化的推进剂中的溶液或悬浮液。可以采用任何合适的液化的推进剂,包括氢氟烷烃(HFA),诸如1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(HFA 134a)和1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟正丙烷(HFA 227);以及氯氟烃,诸如CCl3F。在一个特定实施方案中,推进剂是氢氟烷烃。在一些实施方案中,氢氟烷烃配制品含有助溶剂(诸如乙醇或戊烷)和/或表面活性剂(诸如脱水山梨糖醇三油酸酯、油酸、卵磷脂和甘油)。
用于在定量吸入器中使用的代表性药物组合物包含按重量计约0.01%至约5%的本公开文本的晶型;按重量计约0%至约20%的乙醇;以及按重量计约0%至约5%的表面活性剂;其余为HFA推进剂。通常通过将冷冻或加压的氢氟烷烃添加到含有本公开文本的晶型、乙醇(如果存在)和表面活性剂(如果存在)的合适容器中来制备此类组合物。为了制备悬浮液,可以将本公开文本的晶型微粉化,然后与推进剂合并。然后将组合物装入气雾剂罐中,其通常形成定量吸入器装置的一部分。
适合于通过吸入施用治疗剂的定量吸入器装置在本领域有描述,并且此类装置的例子是可商购的。例如,代表性定量吸入器装置或产品包括AeroBid Inhaler System(Forest Pharmaceuticals);Atrovent Inhalation Aerosol(Boehringer Ingelheim);Flovent(GlaxoSmithKline);Maxair Inhaler(3M);Proventil Inhaler(Schering);Serevent Inhalation Aerosol(GlaxoSmithKline)等。
在另一个特定方面,使用喷雾吸入器通过吸入施用药物组合物。此类雾化器装置通常产生高速空气流,其使药物组合物以雾的形式喷雾,雾进入患者的呼吸道。因此,当配制用于在喷雾吸入器中使用时,可以将本公开文本的晶型溶解在合适的载体中以形成溶液。可替代地,可以将本公开文本的晶型微粉化或纳米研磨,并且与合适的载体合并以形成悬浮液。
用于在喷雾吸入器中使用的代表性药物组合物包含溶液或悬浮液,其包含约0.05μg/mL至约20mg/mL的本公开文本的晶型和与雾化配制品相容的赋形剂。在一个实施方案中,溶液具有约3至约8的pH。
适合于通过吸入施用治疗剂的雾化器装置在本领域有描述,并且此类装置的例子是可商购的。例如,代表性雾化器装置或产品包括Respimat Softmist Inhaler(Boehringer Ingelheim);AERx Pulmonary Delivery System(Aradigm Corp.);PARI LCPlus Reusable Nebulizer(Pari GmbH)等。
在又另一个方面,本公开文本的药物组合物可以可替代地制备成旨在用于口服施用的剂型。用于口服施用的合适药物组合物可以呈胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、锭剂、扁囊剂、糖衣丸、散剂、颗粒剂的形式;或作为在水性或非水性液体中的溶液或悬浮液;或作为水包油或油包水液体乳剂;或作为酏剂或糖浆剂等;各自含有预定量的本公开文本的化合物作为活性成分。
当旨在以固体剂型口服施用时,本公开文本的药物组合物将通常包含活性剂和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体,诸如柠檬酸钠或磷酸二钙。任选地或可替代地,此类固体剂型还可以包含:填充剂或增量剂、粘合剂、保湿剂、溶液阻滞剂、吸收促进剂、润湿剂、吸收剂、润滑剂、着色剂和缓冲剂。释放剂、润湿剂、包衣剂、甜味剂、调味剂和芳香剂、防腐剂和抗氧化剂也可以存在于本公开文本的药物组合物中。
结晶固体形式也可以配制为用于眼部注射的无菌水性悬浮液或溶液。可以包括在这样的水性配制品中的有用赋形剂包括聚山梨醇酯80、羧甲基纤维素、氯化钾、氯化钙、氯化镁、乙酸钠、柠檬酸钠、组氨酸、α-α-海藻糖二水合物、蔗糖、聚山梨醇酯20、羟丙基-β-环糊精和磷酸钠。苄醇可以用作防腐剂,并且可以包括氯化钠以调节张力。另外,可以将盐酸和/或氢氧化钠添加到溶液中以调节pH。用于眼部注射的水性配制品可以制备成不含防腐剂。
替代配制品还可以包括控释配制品、用于口服施用的液体剂型、透皮贴剂和肠胃外配制品。制备此类替代配制品的常规赋形剂和方法描述于例如上文Remington的参考文献中。
以下非限制性例子说明了本公开文本的代表性药物组合物。
干粉组合物
将本公开文本的微粉化固体形式(1g)与研磨的乳糖(25g)共混。然后将此共混的混合物以足以提供每剂约0.1mg至约4mg之间的式I的化合物的量装入可剥离泡罩包装的单独泡罩中。使用干粉吸入器施用泡罩的内容物。
干粉组合物
将本公开文本的微粉化固体形式(1g)与研磨的乳糖(20g)共混以形成化合物与研磨乳糖的重量比为1:20的散装组合物。将共混的组合物包装到能够递送每剂约0.1mg至约4mg之间的式I的化合物的干粉吸入装置中。
定量吸入器组合物
将本公开文本的微粉化固体形式(10g)分散于通过将卵磷脂(0.2g)溶解在去矿物质水(200mL)中制备的溶液中。将所得悬浮液喷雾干燥,然后微粉化以形成包含平均直径小于约1.5μm的颗粒的微粉化组合物。然后将微粉化组合物以足以在通过定量吸入器施用时提供每剂约0.1mg至约25mg式I的化合物的量装入含有加压1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷的定量吸入器药筒中。
雾化器组合物
将本公开文本的固体形式添加到水中,随后添加氢氧化钠和盐酸以将pH调节到3.5至5.5和按重量计3%的甘油。充分搅拌溶液,直到所有组分都溶解。使用提供每剂约0.1mg至约25mg式I的化合物的雾化器装置施用溶液。
用于眼部注射的水性配制品
每mL无菌水性悬浮液包括5mg至50mg本公开文本的固体形式、用于调节张力的氯化钠、作为防腐剂的0.99%(w/v)苄醇、0.75%羧甲基纤维素钠和0.04%聚山梨醇酯。可以包括氢氧化钠或盐酸以将pH调节到5至7.5。
用于眼部注射的水性配制品
不含防腐剂的无菌水性悬浮液包括5mg/mL至50mg/mL的在10mM磷酸钠、40mM氯化钠、0.03%聚山梨醇酯20和5%蔗糖中的本公开文本的固体形式。
方法
本发明的化合物即5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚(化合物1)已被证明是JAK酶家族的有效力的抑制剂:JAK1、JAK2、JAK3和TYK2。化合物1已展示出对促炎和促纤维化细胞因子和显著的肺滞留的有效力的抑制,因此化合物1可用于治疗呼吸道的炎性和纤维化疾病。此外,已认识到JAK抑制剂的广泛抗炎作用可以抑制正常的免疫细胞功能,潜在地导致感染风险增加。本发明的化合物已被优化以限制从肺吸收到血浆中,从而最小化免疫抑制的风险。
JAK抑制剂的抗炎活性已在哮喘的临床前模型中得到有力的证明(Malaviya等人,Int.Immunopharmacol.,2010,10,829-836;Matsunaga等人,Biochem.andBiophys.Res.Commun.,2011,404,261-267;Kudlacz等人,Eur.J.Pharmacol,2008,582,154-161)。通过JAK-STAT途径发出信号的牵涉进哮喘炎症的细胞因子包括IL-2、IL-3、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-9、IL-11、IL-13、IL-23、IL-31、IL-27、胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(TSLP)、干扰素-γ(IFNγ)和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)。因此,预期本公开文本的晶型可用于治疗炎性呼吸道障碍、特别是哮喘。哮喘已被分类为“Th2低”和“Th2高”亚型(Simpson等人,Respirology,2006,11,54-61)。IL-4、IL-13、IL-5和TSLP牵涉进Th2高哮喘,而IL-23/IL-12、IL-6、IL-27和IFNγ牵涉进Th2低哮喘。基于其泛JAK抑制特性,化合物1有效力地抑制Th2高和Th2低哮喘两者的介质。因此,预期本公开文本的晶型将可用于治疗Th2高和Th2低哮喘两者。
除哮喘外,肺的炎症和纤维化也是其他呼吸道疾病所特有的,所述其他呼吸道疾病诸如慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、囊性纤维化(CF)、肺炎、间质性肺疾病(包括特发性肺纤维化)、急性肺损伤、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管炎、肺气肿、闭塞性细支气管炎和结节病。还预期本公开文本的晶型可用于治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病、囊性纤维化、肺炎、间质性肺疾病(包括特发性肺纤维化)、急性肺损伤、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管炎、肺气肿、闭塞性细支气管炎和结节病。
化合物1已展示出对与炎症相关的细胞因子的抑制。因此,预期本公开文本的晶型可用于治疗某些特定的呼吸道疾病,如下文所详述。
嗜酸性粒细胞性气道炎症是统称为嗜酸性粒细胞性肺疾病的特有特征(Cottin等人,Clin.Chest.Med.,2016,37(3),535-56)。嗜酸性粒细胞性疾病已与IL-4、IL-13和IL-5信号传导相关联。嗜酸性粒细胞性肺疾病包括感染(尤其是蠕虫感染)、药物诱发的肺炎(例如由治疗性药物诸如抗生素、苯妥英或l-色氨酸诱发)、真菌诱发的肺炎(例如变应性支气管肺曲霉病)、超敏性肺炎和嗜酸性粒细胞性肉芽肿伴多血管炎(以前称为许尔-斯特劳斯综合征)。病因不明的嗜酸性粒细胞性肺疾病包括特发性急性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、特发性慢性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、高嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合征和洛夫勒综合征(syndrome)。
IL-6基因的多态性已与IL-6水平升高和发生肺动脉高压(PAH)的风险增加相关联(Fang等人,J.Am.Soc.Hypertens.,2017,11(3),171-177)。证实了IL-6在PAH中的作用,对IL-6受体链gp130的抑制改善了PAH大鼠模型的疾病(Huang等人,Can.J.Cardiol.,2016,32(11),1356.e1-1356.e10)。
诸如IFNγ、IL-12和IL-6的细胞因子已牵涉进一系列非变应性肺疾病,诸如结节病和淋巴管平滑肌瘤病(El-Hashemite等人,Am.J.Respir.Cell.Mol.Biol.,2005,33,227-230,和El-Hashemite等人,Cancer Res.,2004,64,3436-3443)。
支气管扩张和浸润性肺部疾病是与慢性嗜中性粒细胞性炎症相关的疾病。
病理性T细胞激活在多种呼吸道疾病的病因中至关重要。自身反应性T细胞在闭塞性细支气管炎机化性肺炎(也称为COS)中起作用。与COS类似,肺移植排斥的病因与移植的供体肺对受体T细胞的异常T细胞激活有关系。肺移植排斥可能发生在早期,如原发性移植物功能障碍(PGD)、机化性肺炎(OP)、急性排斥(AR)或淋巴细胞性细支气管炎(LB);或者它们可能在肺移植后数年发生,如慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍(CLAD)。CLAD以前被称为闭塞性细支气管炎(BO),但是现在被认为是一种可具有不同的病理表现(包括BO、限制性CLAD(rCLAD或RAS)和嗜中性粒细胞性同种异体移植物功能障碍)的综合征。慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍(CLAD)是长期管理肺移植受者的一项重大挑战,因为它导致移植的肺逐渐失去功能(Gauthier等人,Curr Transplant Rep.,2016,3(3),185-191)。CLAD对治疗的反应较差,因此仍然需要能够预防或治疗此病症的有效化合物。几种JAK依赖性细胞因子(诸如IFNγ和IL-5)在CLAD和肺移植排斥中上调(Berastegui等人,Clin.Transplant.2017,31,e12898)。此外,在JAK依赖性IFN信号传导下游的高肺水平的CXCR3趋化因子(诸如CXCL9和CXCL10)与肺移植患者的更差的结局有关系(Shino等人,PLOSOne,2017,12(7),e0180281)。全身性JAK抑制已被证明在肾移植排斥中是有效的(Vicenti等人,American Journal of Transplantation,2012,12,2446-56)。因此,JAK抑制剂有可能有效地预防或延迟肺移植排斥和CLAD。被描述为肺移植排斥的基础的类似的T细胞激活事件也被认为是造血干细胞移植后可能发生的肺移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的主要驱动因素。与CLAD类似,肺GVHD是一种结局极差的慢性进行性病症,并且目前没有批准任何治疗方法。一项对95名接受全身性JAK抑制剂鲁索替尼作为挽救疗法的类固醇难治性急性或慢性GVHD患者进行的回顾性、多中心调查研究在包括肺GVHD患者在内的大多数患者中证明了对鲁索替尼的完全或部分反应(Zeiser等人,Leukemia,2015,29,10,2062-68)。由于全身性JAK抑制与严重不良事件和较小的治疗指数相关联,因此仍然需要吸入式的肺导向的非全身性JAK抑制剂来预防或延迟肺移植排斥或肺GVHD。本公开文本的化合物1和晶型具有满足此需求所需的特征。最近,随着免疫检查点抑制剂的使用增加,出现了免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的肺炎(另一种T细胞介导的肺疾病)。在用这些T细胞刺激剂治疗的癌症患者中,可能发生致命的肺炎。
因此,在一个实施方案中,本公开文本提供了治疗哺乳动物(例如,人)的呼吸道疾病的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物(或人)施用治疗有效量的本公开文本的晶型或包含本公开文本的晶型和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。
在一个实施方案中,呼吸道疾病选自哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、囊性纤维化、肺炎、特发性肺纤维化、急性肺损伤、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管炎、肺气肿、结节病、嗜酸性粒细胞性疾病、肺部感染、蠕虫感染、肺动脉高压、淋巴管平滑肌瘤病、支气管扩张、浸润性肺部疾病、药物诱发的肺炎、真菌诱发的肺炎、变应性支气管肺曲霉病、超敏性肺炎、嗜酸性粒细胞性肉芽肿伴多血管炎、特发性急性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、特发性慢性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征、洛夫勒综合征、闭塞性细支气管炎机化性肺炎、肺移植物抗宿主病和免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的肺炎。在一些实施方案中,呼吸道疾病是哮喘。在一些实施方案中,哮喘是中度至重度哮喘。在一些实施方案中,哮喘是轻度至中度哮喘。在一些实施方案中,将药物组合物通过吸入施用。在一些实施方案中,哮喘是Th2高哮喘。在一些实施方案中,哮喘是Th2低哮喘。
在一个实施方案中,本公开文本提供了预防或延迟哺乳动物(例如,人)的肺移植排斥的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物(或人)施用治疗有效量的本公开文本的晶型或包含本公开文本的晶型和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。在一些实施方案中,肺移植排斥选自原发性移植物功能障碍、机化性肺炎、急性排斥、淋巴细胞性细支气管炎和慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍。在一些实施方案中,肺移植排斥是急性肺移植排斥。在一些实施方案中,肺移植排斥是慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍。在一些实施方案中,肺移植排斥选自闭塞性细支气管炎、限制性慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍和嗜中性粒细胞性同种异体移植物功能障碍。在一些实施方案中,将本公开文本的晶型或相应的药物组合物通过吸入施用。
本文还提供了本公开文本的晶型在医学疗法和制造用于治疗、预防、延迟或改善适于用JAK抑制剂治疗的疾病(特别是呼吸道疾病和肺移植排斥)的配制品或药剂中的用途。
本公开文本进一步提供了治疗哺乳动物的哮喘的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的本公开文本的晶型或包含药学上可接受的载体和本公开文本的晶型的药物组合物。
当用于治疗哮喘时,本公开文本的晶型通常将以单次每日剂量或每天多次剂量施用,尽管可以使用其他形式的施用。每剂施用的活性剂量或每天施用的总量将通常由医生根据相关情况来确定,所述相关情况包括待治疗的病症;所选择的施用途径;实际施用的化合物及其相对活性;个体患者的年龄、体重和反应;患者症状的严重程度等。
本公开文本进一步提供了治疗哺乳动物的呼吸道疾病(包括但不限于本文所述的疾病)的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的本公开文本的晶型或包含药学上可接受的载体和本公开文本的晶型的药物组合物。
人类冠状病毒是一种常见的呼吸道病原体并且通常诱发轻度上呼吸道疾病。严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-1)和中东呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)这两种高致病性病毒引起严重呼吸综合征,分别导致超过10%和35%的死亡率(Assiri等人,N Engl J Med.,2013,369,407-1)。最近2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的出现和随后的大流行已造成全球卫生保健紧急情况。与SARS-CoV-1和MERS-CoV类似,一部分患者(约16%)可能发生表现为急性肺损伤(ALI)的严重呼吸道病患,导致入住ICU(约5%)、呼吸衰竭(约6.1%)和死亡(Wang等人,JAMA,2020,323,11,1061-1069;Guan等人,N Engl J Med.,2020,382,1708-1720;Huang等人,The Lancet,2020.395(10223),497-506;Chen等人,TheLancet,2020,395(10223),507-13)。COVID-19患者亚组似乎具有高炎症的“细胞因子风暴”,导致急性肺损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)。此细胞因子风暴也可能溢出到全身循环中,并且产生脓毒症并且最终产生多器官功能障碍综合征。COVID-19中出现的失调的细胞因子信号传导的特征在于干扰素(IFN)、白介素(IL)和趋化因子的表达增加,导致ALI和相关的死亡。此高炎症反应可能潜在地通过肺选择性泛Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂进行调节和治疗。尽管COVID-19的体内模型尚未发表,但感染2003SARS-CoV-1和2012MERS-CoV的小鼠适应毒株以及感染人SARS-CoV-1的表达人SARS-CoV-1受体hACE2的转基因小鼠证明了JAK依赖性细胞因子(诸如IFNγ、IL-6和IL-12)和下游趋化因子(诸如趋化因子(C-C基序)配体10(CCL10)、CCL2和CCL7)的升高(McCray等人,J Virol.,2007,81(2),813-21;Gretebeck等人,Curr Opin Virol.2015,13,123-9.;Day等人,Virology.2009,395(2),210-22)。JAK抑制剂也已被证明在脂多糖或更昔洛韦诱发的ALI的小鼠模型中是有益的(Severgnini等人,Am J Respir Crit Care Med.,2005,171(8),858-67;Jin等人,Am J Physiol-Lung CellMol Physiol.,2018,314(5),L882-92)。
因此,本公开文本的晶型可用于抑制与COVID-19相关的细胞因子风暴。通过递送至肺并避免全身性免疫抑制,也可以避免导致死亡恶化的另外的感染。在那些需要通气支持的患者中尤其如此。由于COVID-19受试者死亡的主要原因似乎是共病和重复感染,因此吸入药物可以是一种避免全身性免疫抑制的方法,全身性免疫抑制将使患者易受这些风险的影响。
因此,本公开文本提供了治疗感染冠状病毒(诸如SARS-CoV-1、SARS-CoV-2和MERS-CoV)或其症状的哺乳动物(或患者)的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物(或患者)施用本公开文本的晶型或包含药学上可接受的载体和本公开文本的晶型的药物组合物。本公开文本还提供了治疗哺乳动物(或患者)的由冠状病毒感染(诸如SARS-CoV-1、SARS-CoV-2和MERS-CoV)引起的ALI和/或ARDS的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物(或患者)施用本公开文本的晶型或包含药学上可接受的载体和本公开文本的晶型的药物组合物。
JAK抑制剂的作用机制已与鼻炎性疾病的治疗相联系(Therapeutic Effects ofIntranasal Tofacitinib on Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps in Mice,Joo等人,The Laryngoscope,2020,https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.29129)。此外,通过阻断IL-4和IL-13信号传导途径起作用的度匹鲁单抗(Dupilumab)已被批准用于治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉。因此,本文还提供了治疗哺乳动物(例如人)的鼻炎性疾病的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物(或人)施用本公开文本的晶型或包含药学上可接受的载体和本公开文本的晶型的药物组合物。在一些实施方案中,鼻炎性疾病选自慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴或不伴鼻息肉、鼻息肉病、鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉和鼻炎(非变应性、变应性、常年性和血管运动性鼻炎)。
作为JAK抑制剂,本公开文本的晶型也可用于多种其他疾病。本公开文本的晶型可用于多种胃肠道炎性适应证,其包括但不限于炎性肠病、溃疡性结肠炎(直肠乙状结肠炎、全结肠炎、溃疡性直肠炎和左侧结肠炎)、克罗恩病、胶原性结肠炎、淋巴细胞性结肠炎、白塞病、乳糜泻、免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的结肠炎、回肠炎、嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎、移植物抗宿主病相关结肠炎和感染性结肠炎。溃疡性结肠炎(Reimund等人,J.Clin.Immunology,1996,16,144-150)、克罗恩病(Woywodt等人,Eur.J.Gastroenterology Hepatology,1999,11,267-276)、胶原性结肠炎(Kumawat等人,Mol.Immunology,2013,55,355-364)、淋巴细胞性结肠炎(Kumawat等人,2013)、嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎(Weinbrand-Goichberg等人,Immunol.Res.,2013,56,249-260)、移植物抗宿主病相关结肠炎(Coghill等人,Blood,2001,117,3268-3276)、感染性结肠炎(Stallmach等人,Int.J.Colorectal Dis.,2004,19,308-315)、白塞病(Zhou等人,Autoimmun.Rev.,2012,11,699-704)、乳糜泻(de Nitto等人,World J.Gastroenterol.,2009,15,4609-4614)、免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的结肠炎(例如,CTLA-4抑制剂诱发的结肠炎(Yano等人,J.Translation.Med.,2014,12,191)、PD-1或PD-L1抑制剂诱发的结肠炎)和回肠炎(Yamamoto等人,Dig.Liver Dis.,2008,40,253-259)的特征在于某些促炎细胞因子水平的升高。由于许多促炎细胞因子经由JAK激活发出信号,因此本公开文本的晶型可以能够减轻炎症并提供症状缓解。特别地,本公开文本的晶型可用于诱导和维持溃疡性结肠炎的缓解,以及用于治疗克罗恩病、免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的结肠炎与移植物抗宿主病中的胃肠道不良反应。因此,在一个实施方案中,本公开文本提供了治疗哺乳动物(例如,人)的胃肠道炎性疾病的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物施用本公开文本的晶型或包含药学上可接受的载体和本公开文本的晶型的药物组合物。
特应性皮炎和其他炎性皮肤病已与依赖JAK-STAT途径的促炎细胞因子的升高相关联。因此,本公开文本的晶型在许多皮肤炎性或瘙痒性病症中可能是有益的,所述皮肤炎性或瘙痒性病症包括但不限于特应性皮炎、斑秃、白癜风、银屑病、皮肌炎、皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤(Netchiporouk等人,Cell Cycle 2014;13,3331-3335)和亚型(塞扎里综合征、蕈样肉芽肿病、佩吉特样网状细胞增多症、肉芽肿性皮肤松弛症、淋巴瘤样丘疹病、慢性苔藓样糠疹、急性苔藓痘疮样糠疹、CD30+皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤、继发性皮肤CD30+大细胞淋巴瘤、非蕈样肉芽肿病CD30-皮肤大T细胞淋巴瘤、多形性T细胞淋巴瘤、伦纳特淋巴瘤、皮下T细胞淋巴瘤、血管中心性淋巴瘤、母细胞性NK细胞淋巴瘤)、结节性痒疹、扁平苔藓、原发性局灶性皮肤淀粉样变性、大疱性类天疱疮、移植物抗宿主病的皮肤表现、类天疱疮、盘状狼疮、环状肉芽肿、慢性单纯性苔藓、外阴/阴囊/肛周瘙痒、硬化性苔藓、带状疱疹后神经痛瘙痒(postherpetic neuralgia itch)、扁平毛发苔藓和毛囊炎性脱发。特别地,特应性皮炎(Bao等人,JAK-STAT,2013,2,e24137)、斑秃(Xing等人,Nat.Med.2014,20,1043-1049)、白癜风(Craiglow等人,JAMA Dermatol.2015,151,1110-1112)、结节性痒疹(Sonkoly等人,J.Allergy Clin.Immunol.2006,117,411-417)、扁平苔藓(Welz-Kubiak等人,J.Immunol.Res.2015,ID:854747)、原发性局灶性皮肤淀粉样变性(Tanaka等人,Br.J.Dermatol.2009,161,1217-1224)、大疱性类天疱疮(Feliciani等人,Int.J.Immunopathol.Pharmacol.1999,12,55-61)和移植物抗宿主病的皮肤表现(Okiyama等人,J.Invest.Dermatol.2014,134,992-1000)的特征在于某些经由JAK激活发出信号的细胞因子的升高。因此,本公开文本的晶型可以能够减轻由这些细胞因子驱动的相关皮肤炎症或瘙痒。特别地,可以预期本公开文本的晶型可用于治疗特应性皮炎和其他炎性皮肤病。因此,在一个实施方案中,本公开文本提供了治疗哺乳动物(例如,人)的炎性皮肤病的方法,所述方法包括将包含本公开文本的晶型和药物载体的药物组合物施用至哺乳动物的皮肤。在一个实施方案中,炎性皮肤病是特应性皮炎。
许多眼部疾病已被证明与依赖JAK-STAT途径的促炎细胞因子的升高相关联。因此,本公开文本的晶型可用于治疗许多眼部疾病,其包括但不限于葡萄膜炎、糖尿病性视网膜病变、糖尿病性黄斑水肿、干眼病、年龄相关性黄斑变性和特应性角膜结膜炎。特别地,葡萄膜炎(Horai和Caspi,J.Interferon Cytokine Res.,2011,31,733-744)、糖尿病性视网膜病变(Abcouwer,J.Clin.Cell.Immunol.,2013,增刊1,1-12)、糖尿病性黄斑水肿(Sohn等人,American Journal of Ophthalmology,2011,152,686-694)、干眼病(Stevenson等人,Arch.Ophthalmol.,2012,130,90-100)和年龄相关性黄斑变性(Knickelbein等人,Int.Ophthalmol.Clin.,2015,55(3),63-78)的特征在于某些经由JAK-STAT途径发出信号的促炎细胞因子的升高。视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)是一种高度流行的视觉致残疾病。视网膜血流阻塞可能导致视网膜脉管系统损伤、出血和组织缺血。尽管RVO的原因是多因素的,但血管和炎症介质两者都已被证明是重要的(Deobhakta等人,International Journal ofInflammation,2013,文章ID 438412)。已在RVO患者的眼部组织中以升高的水平检测到通过JAK-STAT途径发出信号的细胞因子(诸如IL-6和IL-13)以及产生部分由JAK-STAT途径信号传导驱动的其他细胞因子(诸如MCP-1)(Shchuko等人,Indian Journal ofOphthalmology,2015,63(12),905-911)。因此,本公开文本的晶型可以能够减轻相关的眼部炎症并逆转疾病进展或提供此疾病的症状缓解。虽然许多RVO患者通过光凝术进行治疗,但这是一种固有具破坏性的疗法。也使用抗VEGF剂,但是它们仅在一小部分患者中有效。降低眼睛的炎症水平的类固醇药物(曲安奈德和地塞米松植入物)也已被证明为某些形式的RVO患者提供有益的结果,但是它们也已被证明会导致白内障和眼内压升高/青光眼。
因此,本公开文本的晶型可以能够减轻相关的眼部炎症并逆转疾病进展或提供症状缓解。因此,在一个实施方案中,本公开文本提供了治疗哺乳动物的眼部疾病的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物的眼睛施用包含本公开文本的晶型和药物载体的药物组合物。在一个实施方案中,眼部疾病是葡萄膜炎、糖尿病性视网膜病变、糖尿病性黄斑水肿、干眼病、年龄相关性黄斑变性、视网膜静脉阻塞或特应性角膜结膜炎。在一个实施方案中,所述方法包括通过玻璃体内注射施用本公开文本的晶型。本公开文本的晶型也可以与一种或多种可用于眼部疾病的化合物组合使用。
本公开文本的晶型还可用于治疗其他疾病,诸如其他炎性疾病、自身免疫病或癌症。本公开文本的晶型可用于治疗以下中的一种或多种:关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、幼年型类风湿性关节炎、移植排斥、干眼症、银屑病关节炎、糖尿病、胰岛素依赖性糖尿病、运动神经元病、骨髓增生异常综合征、疼痛、肌少症、恶病质、脓毒性休克、系统性红斑狼疮、白血病、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、慢性粒细胞白血病、急性淋巴母细胞白血病、急性髓细胞性白血病、强直性脊柱炎、骨髓纤维化、B细胞淋巴瘤、肝细胞癌、霍奇金病、乳腺癌、多发性骨髓瘤、黑色素瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢透明细胞癌、卵巢肿瘤、胰腺肿瘤、真性红细胞增多症、舍格伦综合征、软组织肉瘤、肉瘤、脾肿大、T细胞淋巴瘤和重型地中海贫血。
组合疗法
本公开文本的晶型可以与一种或多种通过相同机制或通过不同机制起作用的药剂组合使用以治疗疾病。不同的药剂可以在单独的组合物中或在同一组合物中依序或同时施用。用于组合疗法的有用类别的药剂包括但不限于β2肾上腺素受体激动剂、毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂、糖皮质激素激动剂、G蛋白偶联受体-44拮抗剂、白三烯D4拮抗剂、毒蕈碱M3受体拮抗剂、组胺H1受体拮抗剂、免疫球蛋白E拮抗剂、PDE 4抑制剂、IL-4拮抗剂、毒蕈碱M1受体拮抗剂、组胺受体拮抗剂、IL-13拮抗剂、IL-5拮抗剂、5-脂氧合酶抑制剂、β肾上腺素受体激动剂、CCR3趋化因子拮抗剂、CFTR刺激剂、免疫球蛋白调节剂、白介素33配体抑制剂、PDE 3抑制剂、磷酸肌醇-3激酶δ抑制剂、血栓素A2拮抗剂、弹性蛋白酶抑制剂、Kit酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、白三烯E4拮抗剂、白三酶拮抗剂、PGD2拮抗剂、TNFα配体抑制剂、TNF结合剂、补体级联抑制剂、嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子配体抑制剂、谷胱甘肽还原酶抑制剂、组胺H4受体拮抗剂、IL-6拮抗剂、IL2基因刺激剂、免疫球蛋白γFc受体IIB调节剂、干扰素γ配体、白介素13配体抑制剂、白介素17配体抑制剂、L-选择素拮抗剂、白细胞弹性蛋白酶抑制剂、白三烯C4拮抗剂、白三烯C4合酶抑制剂、膜铜胺氧化酶抑制剂、金属蛋白酶-12抑制剂、金属蛋白酶-9抑制剂、螨过敏原调节剂、毒蕈碱受体调节剂、烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体激动剂、核因子κB抑制剂、p-选择素拮抗剂、PDE 5抑制剂、PDGF受体拮抗剂、磷酸肌醇-3激酶γ抑制剂、TLR-7激动剂、TNF拮抗剂、Abl酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、乙酰胆碱受体拮抗剂、酸性哺乳动物几丁质酶抑制剂、ACTH受体激动剂、肌动蛋白聚合调节剂、腺苷A1受体拮抗剂、腺苷酸环化酶刺激剂、肾上腺素受体拮抗剂、促肾上腺皮质激素配体、醇脱氢酶5抑制剂、α1抗胰蛋白酶刺激剂、α1蛋白酶抑制剂、雄激素受体调节剂、血管紧张素转换酶2刺激剂、ANP激动剂、Bcr蛋白抑制剂、β1肾上腺素受体拮抗剂、β2肾上腺素受体拮抗剂、β2肾上腺素受体调节剂、β淀粉样蛋白调节剂、BMP10基因抑制剂、BMP15基因抑制剂、钙通道抑制剂、组织蛋白酶G抑制剂、CCL26基因抑制剂、CCR3趋化因子调节剂、CCR4趋化因子拮抗剂、细胞粘附分子抑制剂、伴侣蛋白刺激剂、几丁质酶抑制剂、I型胶原拮抗剂、补体C3抑制剂、CSF-1拮抗剂、CXCR2趋化因子拮抗剂、细胞因子受体共同β链调节剂、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞蛋白-4刺激剂、脱氧核糖核酸酶I刺激剂、脱氧核糖核酸酶刺激剂、二肽基肽酶I抑制剂、DNA促旋酶抑制剂、DP前列腺素类受体调节剂、E-选择素拮抗剂、EGFR家族酪氨酸激酶受体抑制剂、弹性蛋白调节剂、内皮素ET-A拮抗剂、内皮素ET-B拮抗剂、环氧化物水解酶抑制剂、FGF3受体拮抗剂、Fyn酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、GATA3转录因子抑制剂、葡糖神经酰胺酶调节剂、谷氨酸受体调节剂、GM-CSF配体抑制剂、鸟苷酸环化酶刺激剂、H+K+ATP酶抑制剂、血红蛋白调节剂、肝素激动剂、组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂、组蛋白脱乙酰酶-2刺激剂、HMG CoA还原酶抑制剂、I-κB激酶β抑制剂、ICAM1基因抑制剂、IL-17拮抗剂、IL-17受体调节剂、IL-23拮抗剂、IL-4受体调节剂、免疫球蛋白G调节剂、免疫球蛋白G1激动剂、免疫球蛋白G1调节剂、免疫球蛋白εFc受体IA拮抗剂、免疫球蛋白γFc受体IIB拮抗剂、免疫球蛋白κ调节剂、胰岛素增敏剂、干扰素β配体、白介素1样受体拮抗剂、白介素18配体抑制剂、白介素受体17A拮抗剂、白介素-1β配体抑制剂、白介素-5配体抑制剂、白介素-6配体抑制剂、KCNA电压门控钾通道-3抑制剂、Kit配体抑制剂、层粘连蛋白-5激动剂、白三烯CysLT1受体拮抗剂、白三烯CysLT2受体拮抗剂、LOXL2基因抑制剂、Lyn酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、MARCKS蛋白抑制剂、MDR相关蛋白4抑制剂、金属蛋白酶-2调节剂、金属蛋白酶-9调节剂、盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂、毒蕈碱M2受体拮抗剂、毒蕈碱M4受体拮抗剂、毒蕈碱M5受体拮抗剂、利尿钠肽受体A激动剂、自然杀伤细胞受体调节剂、烟碱型ACh受体α7亚基刺激剂、NK细胞受体调节剂、核因子κB调节剂、类阿片生长因子受体激动剂、P-糖蛋白抑制剂、P2X3嘌呤受体拮抗剂、p38 MAP激酶抑制剂、肽酶1调节剂、磷脂酶A2抑制剂、磷脂酶C抑制剂、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1抑制剂、血小板激活因子受体拮抗剂、PPARγ激动剂、前列环素激动剂、蛋白酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、SH2结构域肌醇磷酸酶1刺激剂、信号转导抑制剂、钠通道抑制剂、STAT-3调节剂、干细胞抗原-1抑制剂、超氧化物歧化酶调节剂、T细胞表面糖蛋白CD28抑制剂、T细胞表面糖蛋白CD8抑制剂、TGFβ激动剂、TGFβ拮抗剂、血栓素合成酶抑制剂、胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素配体抑制剂、胸腺素激动剂、胸腺素β4配体、TLR-8激动剂、TLR-9激动剂、TLR-9基因刺激剂、拓扑异构酶IV抑制剂、快速骨骼肌型肌钙蛋白I刺激剂、快速骨骼肌型肌钙蛋白T刺激剂、I型IL-1受体拮抗剂、II型TNF受体调节剂、离子通道调节剂、子宫珠蛋白刺激剂和VIP激动剂。
可以与本公开文本的晶型组合使用的特定药剂包括但不限于醋酸罗西普托(rosiptor acetate)、芜地溴铵、苏金单抗、醋酸梅滕凯福林(metenkefalin acetate)、醋酸十三肽(tridecactide acetate)、丙酸氟替卡松、α-环糊精稳定的萝卜硫素、特折鲁单抗(tezepelumab)、糠酸莫米松、BI-1467335、度匹鲁单抗、阿地溴铵(aclidinium)、福莫特罗、AZD-1419、HI-1640V、利维潘素(rivipansel)、CMP-001、甘露醇、ANB-020、奥马珠单抗、曲利组单抗(tregalizumab)、Mitizax、贝那利珠单抗(benralizumab)、戈利木单抗、罗氟司特、伊马替尼、REGN-3500、马赛替尼、阿普斯特、RPL-554、Actimmune、阿达木单抗、卢帕他定、帕罗格列、MK-1029、二丙酸倍氯米松、富马酸福莫特罗、莫格利珠单抗(mogamulizumab)、塞曲司特、UCB-4144、奈米拉利西布(nemiralisib)、CK-2127107、非韦匹仑(fevipiprant)、danirixin、波生坦、阿巴西普、EC-18、杜韦利西布(duvelisib)、dociparstat、环丙沙星、沙丁胺醇HFA、厄多司坦、PrEP-001、奈多罗米、CDX-0158、沙丁胺醇、恩博萨莫(enobosarm)、R-TPR-022、仑兹鲁单抗(lenzilumab)、糠酸氟替卡松、三苯乙酸维兰特罗(vilanteroltrifenatate)、丙酸氟替卡松、沙美特罗、PT-007、PRS-060、remestemcel-L、瓜氨酸、RPC-4046、一氧化氮、DS-102、gerilimzumab、Actair、糠酸氟替卡松、芜地溴铵(umeclidinium)、维兰特罗、AG-NPP709、Gamunex、英利昔单抗、Ampion、阿库马莫德(acumapimod)、卡那单抗、INS-1007、CYP-001、西鲁库单抗(sirukumab)、丙酸氟替卡松、美泊利单抗、匹伐他汀、索利霉素、依那西普、伊伐卡托、阿那白滞素、MPC-300-IV、格隆溴铵、阿地溴铵、FP-025、利散吉珠单抗(risankizumab)、格隆溴铵(glycopyrronium)、富马酸福莫特罗、Adipocell、YPL-001、噻托溴铵、格隆溴铵、马来酸茚达特罗、安德利昔单抗(andecaliximab)、奥达特罗、埃索美拉唑、尘螨疫苗、艾蒿花粉过敏原疫苗、艾美龙(vamorolone)、吉法匹生(gefapixant)、雷芬那辛(revefenacin)、吉非替尼、ReJoin、tipelukast、贝多拉君、SCM-CGH、SHP-652、RNS-60、布罗达单抗(brodalumab)、BIO-11006、芜地溴铵、三苯乙酸维兰特罗、异丙托溴铵、曲罗芦单抗(tralokinumab)、PUR-1800、VX-561、VX-371、奥洛他定、妥洛特罗、富马酸福莫特罗、曲安奈德、瑞利珠单抗、昔萘酸沙美特罗、丙酸氟替卡松、二丙酸倍氯米松、富马酸福莫特罗、噻托溴铵、利格利珠单抗(ligelizumab)、RUTI、柏替木单抗、奥马珠单抗、格隆溴铵、SENS-111、二丙酸倍氯米松、CHF-5992、LT-4001、茚达特罗、格隆溴铵、糠酸莫米松、非索非那定、格隆溴铵、阿奇霉素、AZD-7594、福莫特罗、CHF-6001、贝特芬特罗(batefenterol)、OATD-01、奥达特罗、CJM-112、罗格列酮、沙美特罗、司替普仑(setipiprant)、吸入干扰素β、AZD-8871、普卡那肽(plecanatide)、氟替卡松、沙美特罗、二十碳五烯酸单甘油酯、来瑞组单抗(lebrikizumab)、RG-6149、QBKPN、莫米松、茚达特罗、AZD-9898、丙酮酸钠、齐留通、CG-201、咪达那新、CNTO-6785、CLBS-03、莫米松、RGN-137、丙卡特罗、福莫特罗、CCI-15106、POL-6014、茚达特罗、倍氯米松、MV-130、GC-1112、Allergovac储库、MEDI-3506、QBW-251、ZPL-389、乌地那非、GSK-3772847、左西替利嗪、AXP-1275、ADC-3680、替马匹兰(timapiprant)、阿贝地特罗(abediterol)、AZD-7594、异丙托溴铵、硫酸沙丁胺醇、tadekinig alfa、ACT-774312、阿法链道酶、伊洛前列素、贝特芬特罗、糠酸氟替卡松、alicaforsen、环索奈德、emeramide、阿福特罗、SB-010、奥扎格雷、BTT-1023、德屈库单抗(Dectrekumab)、左旋沙丁胺醇、普鲁司特、透明质酸、GSK-2292767、福莫特罗、NOV-14、芦西纳坦(Lucinactant)、沙丁胺醇、泼尼松龙、依巴斯汀、地塞米松培酯、GSK-2586881、BI-443651、GSK-2256294、VR-179、VR-096、hdm-ASIT+、布地奈德、GSK-2245035、VTX-1463、依美斯汀、右旋普拉克索(dexpramipexole)、左旋沙丁胺醇、N-6022、地塞米松磷酸钠、PIN-201104、OPK-0018、TEV-48107、甲磺司特(suplatast)、BI-1060469、吉米鲁司特(Gemilukast)、干扰素γ、达拉扎肽(dalazatide)、比拉斯汀、丙酸氟替卡松、昔萘酸沙美特罗、RP-3128、苯环喹溴铵、瑞利珠单抗、PBF-680、CRTH2拮抗剂、普鲁司特、昔萘酸沙美特罗、丙酸氟替卡松、噻托溴铵一水合物、马鲁司特(masilukast)、RG-7990、多索茶碱、阿贝地特罗、格隆溴铵、TEV-46017、ASM-024、丙酸氟替卡松、格隆溴铵、昔萘酸沙美特罗、沙丁胺醇、TA-270、氟尼缩松、色甘酸钠、Epsi-gam、ZPL-521、沙丁胺醇、阿维他地尔(aviptadil)、TRN-157、扎鲁司特、Stempeucel、吡嘧司特钠、纳多洛尔、丙酸氟替卡松+昔萘酸沙美特罗、RV-1729、硫酸沙丁胺醇、二氧化碳+全氟溴辛烷、APL-1、德屈库单抗+VAK-694、赖氨匹林、齐留通、TR-4、人同种异体脂肪来源的间充质祖细胞疗法、MEDI-9314、PL-3994、HMP-301、TD-5471、NKTT-120、吡嘧司特、二丙酸倍氯米松、川丁特罗、α-鲁米诺单钠、IMD-1041、AM-211、TBS-5、ARRY-502、塞曲司特、重组midismase、ASM-8、地夫可特、班布特罗、RBx-10017609、异丙托溴铵+非诺特罗、氟替卡松+福莫特罗、依匹斯汀、WIN-901X、VALERGEN-DS、OligoG-COPD-5/20、妥洛特罗、奥克斯都保、DSP-3025、ASM-024、咪唑斯汀、布地奈德+沙美特罗、LH-011、AXP-E、组胺人免疫球蛋白、YHD-001、茶碱、氨溴索+厄多司坦、雷马曲班、孟鲁司特、普鲁司特、AG-1321001、妥洛特罗、异丙托溴铵+沙丁胺醇、曲尼司特、磺庚甲泼尼龙、考福辛达罗帕特(colforsin daropate)、瑞吡司特和多索茶碱。
本文还提供了包含本公开文本的晶型和一种或多种其他治疗剂的药物组合物。治疗剂可以选自上文指定的药剂类别和上述特定药剂的列表。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物适合于递送至肺。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物适合于吸入或雾化施用。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物是干粉、液体或悬浮液。
此外,在方法实施方案中,本公开文本提供了治疗哺乳动物的疾病或障碍的方法,所述方法包括向哺乳动物施用本公开文本的晶型和一种或多种其他治疗剂。
当在组合疗法中使用时,可以将药剂配制在单一药物组合物中,或者可以将药剂提供在单独的组合物中,所述单独的组合物通过相同或不同的施用途径同时或在单独的时间施用。可以将此类组合物单独包装或可以作为试剂盒包装在一起。试剂盒中的两种或更多种治疗剂可以通过相同的施用途径或通过不同的施用途径来施用。
实施例
以下合成和生物实施例是说明性的,并不应以任何方式解释为限制本公开文本的范围。在下文的实施例中,以下缩写具有以下含义,除非另有指示。下文未定义的缩写具有其普遍接受的含义。
DPPC=二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱
DMSO=二甲基亚砜
h=小时
min=分钟
RT=室温
试剂和溶剂购自商业供应商(Aldrich、Fluka、Sigma等),并且无需进一步纯化即使用。
反应产物的表征常规地通过质谱法和1H-NMR光谱法进行。化合物的质谱鉴定用连接到自纯化系统的Applied Biosystems(加利福尼亚州福斯特城)型号API 150EX仪器或Waters(马萨诸塞州米尔福德)3100仪器通过电喷雾电离方法(ESMS)进行。
制备型HPLC条件
柱:C18,5μm 21.2x 150mm;或C18,5μm 21x 250mm;或
C14,5μm 21x 150mm
柱温: 室温
流速: 20.0mL/min
流动相: A=水+0.05% TFA
B=ACN+0.05% TFA,
进样体积:(100-1500μL)
检测器波长:214nm
将粗化合物以约50mg/mL溶解在1:1的水:乙酸中。使用2.1x 50mm C18柱进行4分钟的分析规模测试运行,随后使用100μL进样量以基于分析规模测试运行的%B保留率的梯度进行15或20分钟的制备规模运行。精确梯度取决于样品。用21x 250mm C18柱和/或21x150mm C14柱检查具有接近的运行杂质的样品,以获得最佳分离。通过质谱分析鉴定含有所需产物的级分。
分析型HPLC条件
方法A
柱: Agilent Zorbax Bonus-RP C18,150x 4.60nm,3.5微米
柱温: 40℃
流速: 1.5mL/min
进样体积:5μL
样品制备:溶解在1:1的ACN:1M HCl中
流动相:A=水:TFA(99.95:0.05)
B=ACN:TFA(99.95:0.05)
检测器波长:254nm和214nm
梯度:总计26min(时间(min)/%B):0/5、18/90、22/90、22.5/90、26/5
方法B
柱: Agilent Poroshell 120Bonus-RP,4.6x 150mm,2.7μm
柱温: 30℃
流速: 1.5mL/min
进样体积:10μL
流动相:A=ACN:水:TFA(2:98:0.1)
B=ACN:水:TFA(90:10:0.1)
样品制备:溶解在流动相B中
检测器波长:254nm和214nm
梯度:总计60min(时间(min)/%B):0/0、50/100、55/100、55.1/0、60/0
方法C
柱: Agilent Poroshell 120Bonus-RP,4.6x 150mm,2.7μm
柱温: 30℃
流速: 1.5mL/min
进样体积:10μL
流动相:A=ACN:水:TFA(2:98:0.1)
B=ACN:水:TFA(90:10:0.1)
样品制备:溶解在流动相B(0.15mL)中,然后用流动相A(0.85mL)稀释检测器波长:245nm
梯度:总计46min(时间(min)/%B):0/0、25/50、35/100、40/100、40.1/0、46/0
实施例1:5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚2HCl晶型
向反应器A中添加5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚结晶水合物(766g,1.55mol,结晶水合物的制备示于2016年11月2日提交的美国申请15/341,226(作为US2017/0121327公开)中)、二甲基亚砜(1.38L)和200标准乙醇(3.29L)。伴随搅拌,将浆液加热至55℃并过滤到干净的20L反应器B中以除去任何未溶解的固体。将反应器B冷却至25℃。将200标准乙醇(1.15L)添加到反应器A中并通过过滤器转移到反应器B中。将反应器B中的溶液冷却至25℃。将200标准乙醇(11.5L)和6N盐酸水溶液(0.54L,3.27mol)添加到反应器A中,并且将混合物在25℃下搅拌5min。将反应器A中的溶液在25℃下经4h通过过滤器转移到反应器B中以产生悬浮液。将200标准乙醇(1.15L)添加到反应器A中并通过过滤器作为冲洗物转移到反应器B中。将反应器B中的悬浮液在25℃下搅拌12h,过滤,并且用200标准乙醇(2.68L)洗涤。将固体在真空下于50℃下干燥过夜,以提供呈白色固体的5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚2HCl(809g,95%产率)。将此固体(805g,1.47mol)添加到反应器B中。将200标准乙醇(15.3L)和水(0.8L)添加到反应器A中,搅拌5min,并且通过过滤器转移到反应器B中。将反应器B中的悬浮液在40℃下搅拌一天。将悬浮液经1h冷却至25℃,搅拌2h,然后过滤并用200标准乙醇(2.67L)和水(0.14L)的混合物洗涤。将固体在真空下于50℃下干燥过夜,以提供呈白色固体的5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚2HCl晶型(771g,95%产率)。
实施例2-8:固体形式的特性
通过粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)、动态吸湿(DMS)、单晶X射线衍射和氯离子测定分析实施例1的5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚的二盐酸盐的晶型的样品。还测定该形式的稳定性和溶解度。
实施例2:粉末X射线衍射
用Bruker D8-Advance X射线衍射仪使用Cu-Kα辐射以输出电压为45kV且电流为40mA获得图1的粉末X射线衍射图。仪器以布拉格-布伦塔诺(Bragg-Brentano)几何形式操作,其中入射狭缝、发散狭缝和散射狭缝被设定为使样品处的强度最大化。为了测量,将少量粉末(5-25mg)轻轻压在样品架上以形成光滑表面并进行X射线曝光。以2θ-2θ模式从2θ为2°至35°以0.02°的步长和每步0.30秒的扫描速度扫描样品。数据采集由Bruker DiffracSuite测量软件控制并由Jade软件(7.7版)分析。将仪器用刚玉标准品校准,在±0.02°2θ角范围内。观察到的PXRD 2θ峰位置和d间距示于表1中。
表1:晶型的PXRD数据
实施例3:热分析
使用具有热分析器控制器的TA Instruments型号Q-100模块进行差示扫描量热法(DSC)。使用TA Instruments热分析软件收集和分析数据。将晶型的样品精确称量到带盖的铝盘中。在5℃下经过5分钟的等温平衡期后,使用10℃/min的线性加热斜率将样品从0℃加热到335℃。晶型的代表性DSC热谱图示于图2中。发现晶型具有在312.6℃下起始的熔融温度和在325.7℃下的吸热峰值。热谱图显示出熔融和分解的重叠。
使用配备有高分辨能力的TA Instruments型号Q-50模块进行热重分析(TGA)测量。使用TA Instruments热分析器控制器收集数据,并且使用TA Instruments通用分析软件进行分析。将称重过的样品置于铂盘上,并且以10℃的加热速率从环境温度扫描至360℃。在使用期间用氮气流吹扫天平和炉室。晶型的代表性TGA迹线示于图3中。晶型在约285℃的起始温度下分解。
实施例4:动态吸湿评估
使用VTI大气微量天平SGA-100系统(VTI Corp.,佛罗里达州海厄利亚33016)进行动态吸湿(DMS)测量。使用称重过的样品,并且在分析开始时湿度处于可能的最低值(接近0% RH)。DMS分析包括16小时的初始干燥步骤(约0% RH),随后在5% RH至90% RH的湿度范围内以5% RH/步的扫描速率进行两个吸附和解吸循环。DMS运行在25℃下等温地进行。晶型的代表性DMS迹线示于图4中。当在室温下暴露于约5%与约90%之间的相对湿度范围时,晶型展现出约0.8%的总吸湿率。在两个吸湿和解吸循环后,形式没有变化。
实施例5:单晶X射线衍射
将尺寸为0.11x 0.05x 0.1mm的晶型的晶体安装在尼龙环上。在配备有OxfordCryosystem Cobra冷却装置的Rigaku Atlas CCD衍射仪上收集数据。使用Cu Kα辐射收集数据,并且使用Bruker AXS SHELXTL软件解析和精修晶体结构。将附接到碳的氢原子以几何方式放置,并且允许用骑式各向同性位移参数精修。使附接到杂原子的氢原子位于差分傅立叶图中,并且允许用各向同性位移参数自由精修。晶胞参数以及晶系和空间群详情提供于表2中。
表2:单晶X射线衍射分析数据
实施例6:稳定性研究
将晶型的样品在40℃和75%相对湿度(RH)下储存在带有螺旋盖的玻璃小瓶中。以特定的间隔,取出代表性样品的内容物,并且通过HPLC分析测定和化学纯度,如表3所示。在40℃和75% RH下6个月后,二盐酸盐形式的纯度或测定没有显著变化,表明此盐形式是稳定的。
表3:结晶二盐酸盐形式稳定性结果
T=0 | T=1周 | T=2周 | T=4周 | T=3个月 | T=6个月 | |
HPLC纯度%a/a | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98.7 | 98.5 |
测定%w/w | 85.0 | 86.8 | 85.1 | 86.9 | 84.5 | 85.1 |
实施例7:氯离子测定
使用离子色谱法和电导率检测测定氯化物含量。将晶型的样品溶解在10%乙腈中,并且使用安装在Dionex ICS-2100离子色谱系统上的Dionex IonPac AS20柱相对于以25微克/mL制备的氯化物标准溶液进行测定。发现氯化物含量为12.6%w/w,这证实晶型是化合物1的二盐酸盐的晶型。
实施例8:晶型在水和模拟肺液中的溶解度
评估晶型在水和模拟肺液(SLF)中的溶解度。将晶型分散在多个小瓶中的液体介质中以形成浆液,每个小瓶含有约7.5 mg的晶型和0.5 mL的液体介质。在25℃下在热摇床中搅拌浆液,并且在大约5、15、30、60分钟和24小时从不同的小瓶中收集样品。在每个时间点,将浆液离心10分钟。收集上清液,并且将其再离心10分钟。通过使用HPLC分析上清液中的化合物浓度来测定每个时间点的溶解度。SLF组成:在pH 6.9的50 mM磷酸盐缓冲液中的0.4%NaCl、0.02%DPPC
晶型在SLF中的溶解度在最初30分钟内增加至0.21 mg/mL,然后在24小时时降低至0.07mg/mL。SLF的起始pH为6.9;它几乎保持不变,在最初60分钟期间记录到pH 6.8。在24小时时,pH降低到5.1。
晶型在水中的溶解度在最初60分钟内增加至8.9 mg/mL,然后在24小时时降低至3.2mg/mL。在研究期间的所有时间点,水的pH都降低到4.0。
虽然本公开文本提供了对特定方面或实施方案的参考,但本领域普通技术人员将理解,在不背离本公开文本的真实精神和范围的情况下,可以进行各种改变或可以替换等效方案。另外,在适用的专利法规和条例允许的范围内,将本文引用的所有出版物、专利和专利申请都通过引用以其整体特此并入,其程度与如同将每份文件已通过引用单独并入本文一样。
Claims (53)
1.一种5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(5-(1-甲基哌啶-4-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚的二盐酸盐的晶型,其特征在于粉末X射线衍射图包含在5.99±0.2、11.98±0.2、17.67±0.2和18.02±0.2的2θ值处的衍射峰。
2.根据权利要求1所述的晶型,其中所述粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在22.17±0.2的2θ值处具有一个另外的衍射峰。
3.根据权利要求2所述的晶型,其中所述粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在12.47±0.2和21.22±0.2的2θ值处具有两个另外的衍射峰。
4.根据权利要求3所述的晶型,其中所述粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在7.74±0.2和8.48±0.2的2θ值处具有两个另外的衍射峰。
5.根据权利要求1所述的晶型,其中所述粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在选自7.74±0.2、8.48±0.2、12.47±0.2、21.22±0.2和22.17±0.2的2θ值处具有两个或更多个另外的衍射峰。
6.根据权利要求4所述的晶型,其中所述粉末X射线衍射图的特征进一步在于在选自13.11±0.2、15.12±0.2、15.53±0.2、19.45±0.2、19.77±0.2、20.64±0.2、21.48±0.2、23.66±0.2、24.99±0.2、26.84±0.2、27.29±0.2和28.13±0.2的2θ值处具有两个或更多个另外的衍射峰。
7.根据权利要求1所述的晶型,其中所述晶型的特征在于这样的粉末X射线衍射图,其中峰位置基本上与图1所示的图的峰位置一致。
8.根据权利要求1所述的晶型,其中所述晶型的特征在于这样的以每分钟10℃的加热速率记录的差示扫描量热法迹线,其显示出在325.7℃±2℃的温度下的吸热热流的最大值。
9.根据权利要求1所述的晶型,其中所述晶型的特征在于这样的以每分钟10℃的加热速率记录的差示扫描量热法迹线,其显示出在312.6℃±2℃下起始的熔融吸热。
10.根据权利要求1所述的晶型,其中所述晶型的特征在于差示扫描量热法迹线基本上与图2所示的迹线一致。
11.一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的晶型和药学上可接受的载体。
12.根据权利要求11所述的药物组合物,所述药物组合物是适合于吸入的干粉。
13.一种制备根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的晶型的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)在55℃±10℃下在DMSO和乙醇中加热5-乙基-2-氟-4-(3-(4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)-1H-吲唑-6-基)苯酚或其水合物或溶剂化物,其中DMSO:乙醇的比率为1:2至3,以得到混合物,
(b)将步骤(a)中获得的混合物冷却至约25℃并且在25℃±10℃下添加在乙醇中的2至2.5当量的盐酸以产生悬浮液,
(c)过滤步骤(b)的悬浮液以得到固体,
(d)向步骤(c)的固体中添加乙醇:水的比率为15至25:1的乙醇和水并且将所获得的混合物在25℃±10℃下搅拌12-36小时以得到悬浮液,以及
(e)从步骤(d)的悬浮液中分离所述晶型。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述方法包括在进行步骤(d)之前在50℃±10℃下干燥步骤(c)的固体。
15.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的晶型,用于治疗哺乳动物的呼吸道疾病。
16.根据权利要求15所述的晶型,其中所述呼吸道疾病选自哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、囊性纤维化、肺炎、特发性肺纤维化、急性肺损伤、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管炎、肺气肿、结节病、嗜酸性粒细胞性疾病、蠕虫感染、肺动脉高压、淋巴管平滑肌瘤病、支气管扩张、浸润性肺部疾病、药物诱发的肺炎、真菌诱发的肺炎、变应性支气管肺曲霉病、超敏性肺炎、嗜酸性粒细胞性肉芽肿伴多血管炎、特发性急性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、特发性慢性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征、洛夫勒综合征、闭塞性细支气管炎机化性肺炎、肺移植物抗宿主病和免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的肺炎。
17.根据权利要求15所述的晶型,其中所述呼吸道疾病是哮喘。
18.根据权利要求17所述的晶型,其中所述哮喘是中度至重度哮喘。
19.根据权利要求17所述的晶型,其中所述哮喘是Th2高哮喘。
20.根据权利要求17所述的晶型,其中所述哮喘是Th2低哮喘。
21.根据权利要求15所述的晶型,其中将所述晶型通过吸入在药物组合物中施用。
22.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的晶型,用于预防或延迟哺乳动物的肺移植排斥。
23.根据权利要求22所述的晶型,其中所述肺移植排斥选自原发性移植物功能障碍、机化性肺炎、急性排斥、淋巴细胞性细支气管炎和慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍。
24.根据权利要求22所述的晶型,其中所述肺移植排斥是急性肺移植排斥。
25.根据权利要求22所述的晶型,其中所述肺移植排斥是慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍。
26.根据权利要求22所述的晶型,其中所述肺移植排斥选自闭塞性细支气管炎、限制性慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍和嗜中性粒细胞性同种异体移植物功能障碍。
27.根据权利要求22所述的晶型,其中将所述晶型通过吸入在药物组合物中施用。
28.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的晶型在制造用于治疗哺乳动物的呼吸道疾病的药剂中的用途。
29.根据权利要求28所述的用途,其中所述呼吸道疾病选自哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、囊性纤维化、肺炎、特发性肺纤维化、急性肺损伤、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管炎、肺气肿、结节病、嗜酸性粒细胞性疾病、蠕虫感染、肺动脉高压、淋巴管平滑肌瘤病、支气管扩张、浸润性肺部疾病、药物诱发的肺炎、真菌诱发的肺炎、变应性支气管肺曲霉病、超敏性肺炎、嗜酸性粒细胞性肉芽肿伴多血管炎、特发性急性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、特发性慢性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征、洛夫勒综合征、闭塞性细支气管炎机化性肺炎、肺移植物抗宿主病和免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的肺炎。
30.根据权利要求28所述的用途,其中所述呼吸道疾病是哮喘。
31.根据权利要求30所述的用途,其中所述哮喘是中度至重度哮喘。
32.根据权利要求30所述的用途,其中所述哮喘是Th2高哮喘。
33.根据权利要求30所述的用途,其中所述哮喘是Th2低哮喘。
34.根据权利要求28所述的用途,其中将所述药剂通过吸入施用。
35.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的晶型在制造用于预防或延迟哺乳动物的肺移植排斥的药剂中的用途。
36.根据权利要求35所述的用途,其中所述肺移植排斥选自原发性移植物功能障碍、机化性肺炎、急性排斥、淋巴细胞性细支气管炎和慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍。
37.根据权利要求35所述的用途,其中所述肺移植排斥是急性肺移植排斥。
38.根据权利要求35所述的用途,其中所述肺移植排斥是慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍。
39.根据权利要求35所述的用途,其中所述肺移植排斥选自闭塞性细支气管炎、限制性慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍和嗜中性粒细胞性同种异体移植物功能障碍。
40.根据权利要求35所述的用途,其中将所述药剂通过吸入施用。
41.一种治疗哺乳动物的呼吸道疾病的方法,所述方法包括向所述哺乳动物施用根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的晶型和药学上可接受的载体。
42.根据权利要求41所述的方法,其中所述呼吸道疾病选自哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、囊性纤维化、肺炎、特发性肺纤维化、急性肺损伤、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管炎、肺气肿、结节病、嗜酸性粒细胞性疾病、蠕虫感染、肺动脉高压、淋巴管平滑肌瘤病、支气管扩张、浸润性肺部疾病、药物诱发的肺炎、真菌诱发的肺炎、变应性支气管肺曲霉病、超敏性肺炎、嗜酸性粒细胞性肉芽肿伴多血管炎、特发性急性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、特发性慢性嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎、高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征、洛夫勒综合征、闭塞性细支气管炎机化性肺炎、肺移植物抗宿主病和免疫检查点抑制剂诱发的肺炎。
43.根据权利要求41所述的方法,其中所述呼吸道疾病是哮喘。
44.根据权利要求43所述的方法,其中所述哮喘是中度至重度哮喘。
45.根据权利要求43所述的方法,其中所述哮喘是Th2高哮喘。
46.根据权利要求43所述的方法,其中所述哮喘是Th2低哮喘。
47.根据权利要求41所述的方法,其中将所述晶型通过吸入施用。
48.一种预防或延迟哺乳动物的肺移植排斥的方法,所述方法包括向所述哺乳动物施用根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的晶型和药学上可接受的载体。
49.根据权利要求48所述的方法,其中所述肺移植排斥选自原发性移植物功能障碍、机化性肺炎、急性排斥、淋巴细胞性细支气管炎和慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍。
50.根据权利要求48所述的方法,其中所述肺移植排斥是急性肺移植排斥。
51.根据权利要求48所述的方法,其中所述肺移植排斥是慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍。
52.根据权利要求48所述的方法,其中所述肺移植排斥选自闭塞性细支气管炎、限制性慢性肺同种异体移植物功能障碍和嗜中性粒细胞性同种异体移植物功能障碍。
53.根据权利要求48所述的方法,其中将所述晶型通过吸入施用。
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JP7096268B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2022-07-05 | セラヴァンス バイオファーマ アール&ディー アイピー, エルエルシー | Jak阻害剤化合物の結晶形態 |
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