CN117049917A - Preparation method of compound microorganism special formula fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method of compound microorganism special formula fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN117049917A CN117049917A CN202310765871.1A CN202310765871A CN117049917A CN 117049917 A CN117049917 A CN 117049917A CN 202310765871 A CN202310765871 A CN 202310765871A CN 117049917 A CN117049917 A CN 117049917A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013586 microbial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018343 nutrient deficiency Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer preparation, and discloses a compound microorganism special formula fertilizer, which comprises the following components: 100 parts of organic fertilizer, 30 parts of composite microbial agent, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 12 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of slow release agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 10 parts of medium trace element fertilizer, 6 parts of attapulgite, 20 parts of loose water-retaining agent and 8 parts of diatomite. The invention can regulate the physicochemical environment of soil by adding the compound microbial agent and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, provide excellent water retention, fertilizer retention and soil nutrient activation maintaining capability, enhance crop disease resistance, facilitate the growth of crops and the improvement of crop quality, and can also improve the long-term stability of the compound microbial agent and the effect of improving soil for a longer time while being beneficial to improving the effective viable bacteria content and the organic matter content in the compound microbial agent after adding the slow release agent and the dispersing agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a compound microorganism special formula fertilizer.
Background
Moisture and nutrients are two of the most basic environmental factors for plant growth and development, and are two extremely important influencing factors in agricultural production. The water and nutrient deficiency has become a limiting factor in the sustainable development of agriculture. Drought and farmland irrigation super-produced groundwater worsens the ecological environment in a plurality of northern areas, water and soil are lost in a large area, soil fertility is reduced, cultivated lands are gradually degraded, and even desertification of the lands occurs. In recent years, in order to rapidly improve crop yield, a large amount of fertilizers are applied in the agricultural production process, and the large amount of fertilizers cause soil nutrient imbalance, so that soil acidification, hardening, reduction of the permeability of soil and the like are caused, the productivity of the soil is reduced, the environmental quality of farmland soil is reduced, the agricultural production and grain safety are not facilitated, and the problems of water and soil loss, environmental pollution and the like are further aggravated.
The compound microbial fertilizer is formed by compounding specific microorganisms or other identified microorganisms which are not antagonistic to each other with nutrients, and is a living microbial product which can provide, maintain or improve plant nutrition, improve the yield of agricultural products or improve the quality of the agricultural products, however, the conventional compound microbial fertilizer is still not ideal in improving soil fertility and improving the stress resistance performance of the agricultural products, is difficult to fuse with conventional fertilizers, and has poor stability.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a compound microorganism special formula fertilizer, which solves the problems that the existing compound microorganism fertilizer is still not ideal in improving soil fertility and improving stress resistance performance of crops, is difficult to fuse with conventional fertilizers and has poor stability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the compound microorganism special formula fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of organic fertilizer, 15-30 parts of composite microbial agent, 10-20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 7-12 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of slow release agent, 1-2 parts of dispersing agent, 5-10 parts of medium trace element fertilizer, 4-6 parts of attapulgite, 5-20 parts of loose water-retaining agent and 2-8 parts of diatomite.
Preferably, the preparation steps of the organic fertilizer are as follows: firstly, salvaging sludge containing aquatic wastes such as fishbone, shrimp and crab shells at the bottom of a river channel, mixing the sludge with clear water, adding alum with a proportion of 1-2% into the solution, fully stirring, standing for 8-12h, then emptying upper-layer sewage, taking a sludge activator precipitated at the bottom, adsorbing heavy metals in the sludge activator by a biological adsorption method, then adding equal amounts of poultry manure and dried dead leaves, and carrying out sealed fermentation for 20-30 days at 25-30 ℃ to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the preparation method of the compound microbial agent comprises the following steps: according to the mass percentage, 20-30% of bacillus subtilis, 15-25% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10-20% of lactic acid bacteria, 5-8% of saccharomycetes, 12-18% of bifidobacteria and 12-20% of azotobacter are mixed, montmorillonite with 3% of total mass and gelatin with 2% of total mass are added for fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 30-35 ℃ and the fermentation time is 5-8 hours, and after the fermentation is completed, the fermentation bacterial liquid is put into a centrifuge for centrifugation and bacterial body collection, so that the composite microbial agent is obtained.
Preferably, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is prepared from urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium sulfate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and biological bacteria according to the mass ratio of 7:4:4:5:3:3:1, mixing and fermenting.
Preferably, the slow release agent comprises 7-8% of lecithin, 30-40% of sodium alginate, 10-20% of cyclomaltose, 10-20% of borax, 8-10% of vegetable oil and 10-25% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate by weight.
Preferably, the dispersing agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 1-6% of peptone, 20-50% of phospholipid oil and 20-50% of fatty acid ester.
Preferably, the medium trace elements comprise 20-30% of magnesium fertilizer, 15-20% of calcium fertilizer, 10-15% of sulfur fertilizer, 7-8% of iron fertilizer, 5-8% of manganese fertilizer, 15-20% of copper fertilizer and 8-10% of zinc fertilizer by weight percent.
Preferably, the loose water-retaining agent consists of grass fiber, peanut shell and zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the grass fiber to the peanut shell to the zeolite is 3:1:2.
the preparation method of the compound microorganism special formula fertilizer comprises the following preparation steps:
step one: weighing the raw materials of organic fertilizer, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, humic acid, medium trace element fertilizer, attapulgite and diatomite according to the parts by weight, crushing the weighed raw materials, and then putting the crushed raw materials into a two-dimensional motion mixer for mixing for 3-5 hours to obtain a granulating raw material;
step two: introducing the granulating raw materials into a circulation mixer, adding loose water-retaining agent, composite microbial agent and deionized water with the mass percentage of 18-30%, and mixing again to obtain wet granules;
step three: weighing a slow release agent and a dispersing agent according to parts, adding deionized water with the weight being 2-4 times of that of the slow release agent and the dispersing agent, dispersing by utilizing ultrasonic waves for 40-60min, and adding ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 6.8-7.8 to obtain a mixed solution;
step four: and (3) putting the mixed solution and wet material particles into a centrifugal machine for mixing and centrifuging, wherein the centrifuging speed is 700-900r/min, the centrifuging time is 10-15min, then, introducing into a dryer for drying to obtain dry material particles, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the drying time is 2-3h, and introducing the dry material particles into a screening device for screening to obtain the special fertilizer for the composite microorganisms.
The invention provides a preparation method of a compound microorganism special formula fertilizer. The beneficial effects are as follows:
according to the invention, the composite microbial agent obtained by mixing and fermenting a plurality of bacteria is used as an auxiliary material, meanwhile, biological bacteria are added into the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, so that the physicochemical environment of soil can be regulated, excellent water retention, fertilizer retention and soil nutrient retaining capacity can be provided, crop disease resistance advantage is enhanced, the growth of crops and improvement of crop quality are facilitated, the addition of the slow release agent and the dispersing agent is beneficial to the improvement of the effective viable bacteria content and the organic matter content in the composite microbial fertilizer, meanwhile, the long-term stability of the composite microbial agent can be improved, and finally, the effect of improving the soil is better and longer-term after the loose water retention agent is added, meanwhile, a certain nutrient can be brought to the soil, and the fertility of the soil is enhanced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
the embodiment of the invention provides a compound microorganism special formula fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of organic fertilizer, 30 parts of composite microbial agent, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 12 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of slow release agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 10 parts of medium trace element fertilizer, 6 parts of attapulgite, 20 parts of loose water-retaining agent and 8 parts of diatomite.
In this example, the preparation steps of the organic fertilizer are: firstly, salvaging sludge containing aquatic wastes such as fishbone, shrimp and crab shells at the bottom of a river channel, mixing the sludge with clear water, adding alum with a proportion of 1-2% into the solution, fully stirring, standing for 8-12h, then emptying upper-layer sewage, taking a sludge activator precipitated at the bottom, adsorbing heavy metals in the sludge activator by a biological adsorption method, then adding equal amounts of poultry manure and dried dead leaves, and carrying out sealed fermentation for 20-30 days at 25-30 ℃ to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Further, the preparation method of the compound microbial agent comprises the following steps: according to the mass percentage, 20-30% of bacillus subtilis, 15-25% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10-20% of lactic acid bacteria, 5-8% of saccharomycetes, 12-18% of bifidobacteria and 12-20% of azotobacter are mixed, montmorillonite with 3% of total mass and gelatin with 2% of total mass are added for fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 30-35 ℃ and the fermentation time is 5-8 hours, and after the fermentation is completed, the fermentation bacterial liquid is put into a centrifuge for centrifugation and bacterial body collection, so that the composite microbial agent is obtained.
Further, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is prepared from urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium sulfate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and biological bacteria according to the mass ratio of 7:4:4:5:3:3:1, mixing and fermenting.
Further, the slow release agent comprises 7-8% of lecithin, 30-40% of sodium alginate, 10-20% of cyclomaltose, 10-20% of borax, 8-10% of vegetable oil and 10-25% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate by weight.
Further, the dispersing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-6% of peptone, 20-50% of phospholipid oil and 20-50% of fatty acid ester.
Further, the medium trace elements comprise 20-30% of magnesium fertilizer, 15-20% of calcium fertilizer, 10-15% of sulfur fertilizer, 7-8% of iron fertilizer, 5-8% of manganese fertilizer, 15-20% of copper fertilizer and 8-10% of zinc fertilizer by weight percent.
Further, the loose water-retaining agent consists of grass fiber, peanut shell and zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the grass fiber to the peanut shell to the zeolite is 3:1:2.
the preparation method of the compound microorganism special formula fertilizer comprises the following preparation steps:
step one: weighing the raw materials of organic fertilizer, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, humic acid, medium trace element fertilizer, attapulgite and diatomite according to the parts by weight, crushing the weighed raw materials, and then putting the crushed raw materials into a two-dimensional motion mixer for mixing for 3-5 hours to obtain a granulating raw material;
step two: introducing the granulating raw materials into a circulation mixer, adding loose water-retaining agent, composite microbial agent and deionized water with the mass percentage of 18-30%, and mixing again to obtain wet granules;
step three: weighing a slow release agent and a dispersing agent according to parts, adding deionized water with the weight being 2-4 times of that of the slow release agent and the dispersing agent, dispersing by utilizing ultrasonic waves for 40-60min, and adding ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 6.8-7.8 to obtain a mixed solution;
step four: and (3) putting the mixed solution and wet material particles into a centrifugal machine for mixing and centrifuging, wherein the centrifuging speed is 700-900r/min, the centrifuging time is 10-15min, then, introducing into a dryer for drying to obtain dry material particles, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the drying time is 2-3h, and introducing the dry material particles into a screening device for screening to obtain the special fertilizer for the composite microorganisms.
Embodiment two:
the embodiment provides a compound microorganism special formula fertilizer, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of organic fertilizer, 20 parts of composite microbial agent, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 7 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of slow release agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 10 parts of medium trace element fertilizer, 5 parts of attapulgite, 20 parts of loose water-retaining agent and 8 parts of diatomite.
The preparation method of the compound microorganism special formula fertilizer has the same preparation steps as in the first embodiment.
Embodiment III:
the embodiment provides a compound microorganism special formula fertilizer, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of organic fertilizer, 30 parts of composite microbial agent, 20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 7 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of medium trace element fertilizer, 6 parts of attapulgite, 10 parts of loose water-retaining agent and 5 parts of diatomite.
The preparation method of the compound microorganism special formula fertilizer has the same preparation steps as in the first embodiment.
Embodiment four:
the embodiment provides a compound microorganism special formula fertilizer, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of organic fertilizer, 30 parts of composite microbial agent, 10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 10 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of slow release agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent, 10 parts of medium trace element fertilizer, 4 parts of attapulgite and 6 parts of diatomite.
The preparation method of the compound microorganism special formula fertilizer has the same preparation steps as in the first embodiment.
Experimental example:
the wheat variety used in the continuous cropping plot is Jimai No. 38.
Taking a plurality of Ji wheat No. 38 varieties, performing experiments in five groups, wherein one group is an experimental group, the other group is a control group, applying a conventional compound fertilizer for the market for culturing, and observing and recording the fertility indexes of the wheat after a period of time to obtain the following table.
According to the table, the slow release agent and the dispersing agent are removed in the third embodiment, the wheat is obviously lower than the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the fourth embodiment in thousand grain weight, stem and leaf biomass and grain number, loose water-retaining agents are removed in the fourth embodiment, the wheat is obviously lower than the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment in plant height and grain yield, compared with the first embodiment, the dosage of the composite microbial agent and the humic acid is reduced, each item of data of the composite microbial agent and the dispersing agent is slightly lower than that of the first embodiment, the prepared special formula fertilizer for synthetic microorganisms in the first embodiment to the fourth embodiment, the wheat seedlings are higher than common fertilizers in plant height, thousand grain weight, stem and leaf biomass, grain number and grain yield, and the common fertilizers in the market, and the reason is that the composite microbial agent and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are added, the physical and chemical environment of the soil can be regulated, excellent water-retaining capacity, fertilizer and activated soil nutrient retaining capacity are provided, disease resistance and crop quality improvement are enhanced, the improvement of the composite microbial agent and the crop quality is facilitated, the slow release agent and the dispersing agent are beneficial to the improvement of the composite microbial agent and the organic microbial agent in the composite microbial agent and the soil can be improved, and the soil can be better in effect and better in soil quality is achieved at the same time, and the soil stability is better than the soil can be better achieved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The compound microbial special formula fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of organic fertilizer, 15-30 parts of composite microbial agent, 10-20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 7-12 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of slow release agent, 1-2 parts of dispersing agent, 5-10 parts of medium trace element fertilizer, 4-6 parts of attapulgite, 5-20 parts of loose water-retaining agent and 2-8 parts of diatomite.
2. The compound microbial special formula fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the preparation steps of the organic fertilizer are as follows: firstly, salvaging sludge containing aquatic wastes such as fishbone, shrimp and crab shells at the bottom of a river channel, mixing the sludge with clear water, adding alum with a proportion of 1-2% into the solution, fully stirring, standing for 8-12h, then emptying upper-layer sewage, taking a sludge activator precipitated at the bottom, adsorbing heavy metals in the sludge activator by a biological adsorption method, then adding equal amounts of poultry manure and dried dead leaves, and carrying out sealed fermentation for 20-30 days at 25-30 ℃ to obtain the organic fertilizer.
3. The compound microbial special formula fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the compound microbial agent is as follows: according to the mass percentage, 20-30% of bacillus subtilis, 15-25% of photosynthetic bacteria, 10-20% of lactic acid bacteria, 5-8% of saccharomycetes, 12-18% of bifidobacteria and 12-20% of azotobacter are mixed, montmorillonite with 3% of total mass and gelatin with 2% of total mass are added for fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 30-35 ℃ and the fermentation time is 5-8 hours, and after the fermentation is completed, the fermentation bacterial liquid is put into a centrifuge for centrifugation and bacterial body collection, so that the composite microbial agent is obtained.
4. The compound microorganism special formula fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is prepared from urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium sulfate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and biological bacteria according to a mass ratio of 7:4:4:5:3:3:1, mixing and fermenting.
5. The compound microorganism special formula fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the slow release agent comprises 7-8% of lecithin, 30-40% of sodium alginate, 10-20% of cyclomaltose, 10-20% of borax, 8-10% of vegetable oil and 10-25% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate by weight.
6. The compound microorganism special formula fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the dispersing agent is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 1-6% of peptone, 20-50% of phospholipid oil and 20-50% of fatty acid ester.
7. The compound microorganism special formula fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the medium trace elements comprise 20% -30% of magnesium fertilizer, 15% -20% of calcium fertilizer, 10% -15% of sulfur fertilizer, 7% -8% of iron fertilizer, 5% -8% of manganese fertilizer, 15% -20% of copper fertilizer and 8% -10% of zinc fertilizer by weight percent.
8. The compound microorganism special formula fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the loose water-retaining agent consists of grass fiber, peanut shell and zeolite, and the mass ratio of the grass fiber, the peanut shell and the zeolite is 3:1:2.
9. A method for preparing a compound microbial special formula fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following preparation steps:
step one: weighing the raw materials of organic fertilizer, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, humic acid, medium trace element fertilizer, attapulgite and diatomite according to the parts by weight, crushing the weighed raw materials, and then putting the crushed raw materials into a two-dimensional motion mixer for mixing for 3-5 hours to obtain a granulating raw material;
step two: introducing the granulating raw materials into a circulation mixer, adding loose water-retaining agent, composite microbial agent and deionized water with the mass percentage of 18-30%, and mixing again to obtain wet granules;
step three: weighing a slow release agent and a dispersing agent according to parts, adding deionized water with the weight being 2-4 times of that of the slow release agent and the dispersing agent, dispersing for 40-60min by utilizing ultrasonic waves, and adding ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 6.8-7.8 to obtain a mixed solution;
step four: and (3) putting the mixed solution and wet material particles into a centrifugal machine for mixing and centrifuging, wherein the centrifuging speed is 700-900r/min, the centrifuging time is 10-15min, then, introducing into a dryer for drying to obtain dry material particles, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the drying time is 2-3h, and introducing the dry material particles into a screening device for screening to obtain the special fertilizer for the composite microorganisms.
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