CN117030553B - Particle size measurement and screening collection method for powder particles - Google Patents
Particle size measurement and screening collection method for powder particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN117030553B CN117030553B CN202311294609.XA CN202311294609A CN117030553B CN 117030553 B CN117030553 B CN 117030553B CN 202311294609 A CN202311294609 A CN 202311294609A CN 117030553 B CN117030553 B CN 117030553B
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 211
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/02—Separators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0266—Investigating particle size or size distribution with electrical classification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0272—Investigating particle size or size distribution with screening; with classification by filtering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N2015/0288—Sorting the particles
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a particle size measurement and screening collection method of powder particles. In order to solve the problems that the prior art cannot directly measure the particle size of powder particles and screen and collect the powder particles; the invention comprises the following steps: constructing a uniform electric field, and calculating to obtain the electric field intensity; according to the particle sizes of the powder particles, electric charge amounts are obtained, and the motion track of the powder particles with different particle sizes in an electric field after the powder particles vertically enter the electric field is calculated; calculating and measuring particle size according to the moving distance of the powder particles in the electric field; and (5) according to the particle size collected by the requirement, arranging a particle acquisition outlet. According to the principle that powder particles with different particle diameters have different displacements, the particle diameters of the powder particles in the production process are monitored in real time and measured with high precision, and the screening and collection of the powder particles are further realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of screening and collecting powder particles, in particular to a particle size measuring and screening and collecting method of powder particles.
Background
The size and uniformity of the particle size of the powder particles can affect the reliability, stability and safety of the material, and particularly the measurement and screening collection of the particle size of the powder particles is always a difficult problem. It is very difficult to obtain powder particles with a narrow particle size distribution range by physical sieving at the micrometer scale.
At present, equipment capable of directly measuring particle size of powder particles and screening and collecting the powder particles is basically in a vacant state. And detection equipment such as a transmission or scanning electron microscope can be used for measuring nano powder particles, but screening and collection of the powder cannot be realized. For example, in the "particle diameter measuring apparatus and particle diameter measuring method" disclosed in chinese patent literature, the publication No. CN103069265a directs particles contained in a particle group to a light-collecting position of a light beam by using a radiation pressure generated by a laser light-collecting beam, and the maximum forward scattering intensity is measured by minimizing direct transmitted light that is not scattered by the particles. This scheme measures the particle size of particles by laser, but cannot screen and collect the powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems that the prior art cannot directly measure the particle size of powder particles and screen and collect the powder particles; the particle size measurement and screening collection method for the powder particles is provided, and according to the principle that the powder particles with different particle sizes have different displacements, the real-time monitoring and high-precision measurement of the particle size of the powder particles in the production process are realized, and the screening and collection of the powder particles are further realized.
The technical problems of the invention are mainly solved by the following technical proposal:
the particle size measurement and screening collection method of the powder particles comprises the following steps:
constructing a uniform electric field, and calculating to obtain the electric field intensity;
according to the particle sizes of the powder particles, electric charge amounts are obtained, and the motion track of the powder particles with different particle sizes in an electric field after the powder particles vertically enter the electric field is calculated;
calculating and measuring particle size according to the moving distance of the powder particles in the electric field; and (5) according to the particle size collected by the requirement, arranging a particle acquisition outlet.
The particle stream with particle diameter d and saturated negative charge q enters vertically at the speed of u into the electric field with field strength E. The particles are subjected to electric field force and drag force in the vertical direction, thrust force and drag force in the horizontal direction, and stress balance is achieved in a very short time. So as to perform uniform motion with the speed u in the horizontal direction and uniform motion with the speed v in the vertical direction; according to the speeds in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the emergent positions of the powder particles with different particle diameters in the electric field can be calculated, and the powder particles are collected at the corresponding positions, so that the screening and collection of the powder particles with different particle diameters are realized.
Preferably, the uniform electric field comprises two parallel charged conductor plates; the distance between the two parallel plates is W, the first conductor plate is negatively charged, and the second conductor plate is positively charged; the voltage between the first conductor plate and the second conductor plate isThe field strength of the electric field is E.
The electric field strength E is calculated as:
the unit of the electric field strength E is N/C, the voltageIn V, and the two-plate spacing W is m.
Preferably, the charge amount q of the powder particles of different particle diameters is expressed as:
wherein d is the diameter of the powder particles;
a is the average particle full charge constant.
The unit of the charge quantity q is C, the unit of the particle diameter d is m, and the unit of the average particle saturation charge quantity constant A is。
Preferably, the process of calculating the motion track of the powder particles in the electric field after the powder particles vertically enter the electric field is as follows:
calculating the electric field force of the powder particles in the electric field according to the electric charge quantity q of the powder particles;
according to a drag force calculation formula when the powder particles move, calculating the speed v of the powder particles along the electric field direction when the electric field force is equal to the drag force;
and obtaining the motion track of the powder particles in the electric field according to the sum of the initial speed u of the powder particles vertically entering the electric field and the calculated speed vector of the speed v of the powder particles along the direction of the electric field.
Preferably, the velocity v of the powder particles in the direction of the electric field when the electric field force and the drag force are equal is:
wherein,is the viscosity of the fluid.
Preferably, the motion trail of the powder particles in the electric field is expressed as follows:
wherein L is the displacement distance of the powder particles in the vertical electric field;
is the displacement distance of the powder particles along the direction of the electric field.
Preferably, the particle diameter of the powder particles is obtained according to the movement distance of the powder particles in the electric field:
wherein L is the displacement distance of the powder particles in the vertical electric field;
is the displacement distance of the powder particles along the direction of the electric field.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the moving distance L in the horizontal direction and the moving distance in the vertical direction are obtained by measuring the moving position of the particles with a certain flow velocity u under the electric field environmentThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the distance W between two conductive plates of the deviceFluid viscosity->And the average particle saturation charge constant A is calculated, and the obtained data is further calculated to obtain high-precision particle size measurement of the powder particles in an electric field environment, so that high-efficiency screening and collection of the powder particles with different particle sizes are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the parallel electric field of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an incident electric field of powder particles according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of particle size measurement and sieve collection of the powder particles of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a first conductor plate, 2, a second conductor plate and 3, powder particles.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described below through examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one:
the particle size measurement and screening collection method of the powder particles in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: and constructing a uniform electric field, and calculating to obtain the electric field intensity.
The electric field shown in fig. 1 is constructed such that the uniform electric field comprises two parallel charged conductor plates. The two charged conductor plates are a first conductor plate 1 and a second conductor plate 2, respectively.
The distance between the two parallel conductor plates is W, the first conductor plate 1, i.e. the upper conductor plate, is negatively charged and the second conductor plate 2, i.e. the lower conductor plate, is positively charged. The voltage between the first conductor plate 1 and the second conductor plate 2 isThe field strength of the electric field is E.
The electric field strength E is calculated as:
the unit of the electric field strength E is N/C; voltage (V)The unit of (2) is V; the distance W between two parallel conductor plates is m.
S2: and (3) obtaining the electric charge according to the particle sizes of the powder particles, and calculating the motion track of the powder particles with different particle sizes in the electric field after the powder particles vertically enter the electric field.
The charge quantity q of the powder particles of different particle diameters is expressed as:
wherein d is the diameter of the powder particles;
a is the average particle full charge constant.
The unit of the charge quantity q is C; the unit of the particle diameter d is m; the unit of the average particle saturation charge constant A is。
The process of calculating the motion track of the powder particles in the electric field after the powder particles vertically enter the electric field is as follows:
s201: and calculating the electric field force of the powder particles in the electric field according to the electric charge quantity q of the powder particles.
Calculating electric field force F:
the electric field force F is in units of N.
S202: and calculating the speed v of the powder particles along the electric field direction when the electric field force is equal to the drag force according to a drag force calculation formula when the powder particles move.
The drag force is expressed as:
the unit of the particle diameter d is m; viscosity of fluidThe unit of (2) is->Particle speed->Is m/s.
When the electric field force and the drag force are equal, the speed v of the powder particles along the electric field direction is as follows:
wherein,is the viscosity of the fluid.
S203: and obtaining the motion track of the powder particles in the electric field according to the sum of the initial speed u of the powder particles vertically entering the electric field and the calculated speed vector of the speed v of the powder particles along the direction of the electric field.
The motion trail of the powder particles in the electric field is expressed as follows:
wherein L is the displacement distance of the powder particles in the vertical electric field;
is the displacement distance of the powder particles along the direction of the electric field.
S3: calculating and measuring particle size according to the moving distance of the powder particles in the electric field; and (5) according to the particle size collected by the requirement, arranging a particle acquisition outlet.
According to the movement distance of the powder particles in the electric field, the particle size of the powder particles is obtained:
the particle diameter d is 1 to 1000m, the average particle saturated charge A is constant.
The particle stream with particle diameter d and saturated negative charge q enters vertically at the speed of u into the electric field with field strength E. The particles are subjected to electric field force and drag force in the vertical direction, thrust force and drag force in the horizontal direction, and stress balance is achieved in a very short time. So as to perform uniform motion with the speed u in the horizontal direction and uniform motion with the speed v in the vertical direction. As shown in fig. 2-3, the emergent positions of the powder particles with different particle diameters in the electric field can be calculated according to the speeds in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the powder particles are collected at the corresponding positions, so that the screening and collection of the powder particles with different particle diameters are realized. The scheme realizes the real-time monitoring and high-precision measurement of the particle size of the nano powder particles in the production process, and realizes the screening and collection of the particles with different particle sizes by adjusting the process parameters of the equipment.
Measuring and collectingAlumina powder material.
The particle flow is vertically injected into an electric field at a speed of 1.0m/s, and the voltage U of the electric field iskV, the distance W between the two parallel plates is 2m, i.e. the field strength of the electric field +.>V/m。
Distance of particles from lower plate1.0m, the viscosity of the particulate fluid +.>Is->Pa.S, average particle saturation charge constant A of +.>I.e. horizontal distance of movement。
An opening at a distance of 5.49m from the entrance orifice, which is more than 1The m alumina powder will fall at the front end of the opening, less than 1 +.>The m alumina powder will fall to the rear end of the opening, only 1 +.>The m alumina powder can fall from the openings for collection.
Embodiment two:
measuring and collectingAlumina powder material.
The particle flow is vertically injected into an electric field at a speed of 1.0m/s, and the voltage U of the electric field iskV, the distance W between the two parallel plates is 2m, i.e. the field strength of the electric field +.>V/m。
Distance of particles from lower plate1.0m, the viscosity of the particulate fluid +.>Is->Pa.S, average particle saturation charge constant A of +.>I.e. horizontal distance of movement。
An opening at a distance of 0.549m from the entrance orifice is more than 10The m alumina powder will fall at the front end of the opening, less than 10 +.>The m alumina powder will fall to the rear end of the opening, only 10 +.>The m alumina powder can fall from the openings for collection.
Embodiment III:
measuring and collecting less thanAlumina powder material.
The particle flow is vertically injected into an electric field at a speed of 1.0m/s, and the voltage U of the electric field iskV, the distance W between the two parallel plates is 2m, i.e. the field strength of the electric field +.>V/m。
Distance of particles from lower plate1.0m, the viscosity of the particulate fluid +.>Is->Pa.S, average particle saturation charge constant A of +.>I.e. horizontal distance of movement。
The length of the lower plate is 5.49m and is more than 1m alumina powder will fall on the plate less than 1 +.>The m alumina powder will fall out of the plate and be collected.
Embodiment four:
measuring and collecting less thanAlumina powder material.
The particle flow is vertically injected into an electric field at a speed of 1.0m/s, and the voltage U of the electric field iskV, the distance W between the two parallel plates is 2m, i.e. the field strength of the electric field +.>V/m。
Distance of particles from lower plate1.0m, the viscosity of the particulate fluid +.>Is->Pa.S, average particle saturation charge constant A of +.>I.e. horizontal distance of movement。
The length of the lower plate is 0.549m and is more than 10The m alumina powder will fall on the plate less than 10 +.>The m alumina powder will fall out of the plate and be collected.
Fifth embodiment:
measuring and collectingAlumina powder material.
The particle flow is vertically injected into an electric field at a speed of 1.0m/s, and the voltage U of the electric field iskV, the distance W between the two parallel plates is 2m, i.e. the field strength of the electric field +.>V/m。
Distance of particles from lower plate1.0m, the viscosity of the particulate fluid +.>Is->Pa.S, average particle saturation charge constant A of +.>Namely, horizontal movement distance:
an opening at a distance of 0.549m to 1.098m from the entrance orifice of more than 5m alumina powder will fall on the plate less than 1 +.>The m alumina powder falls outside the board, 1 to 5->The m alumina powder will fall out of the pores and collect.
It should be understood that the examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (3)
1. The particle size measurement and screening collection method of the powder particles is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
constructing a uniform electric field, and calculating to obtain the electric field intensity;
according to the particle sizes of the powder particles, electric charge amounts are obtained, and the motion track of the powder particles with different particle sizes in an electric field after the powder particles vertically enter the electric field is calculated;
calculating and measuring particle size according to the moving distance of the powder particles in the electric field; according to the particle size collected by the requirement, a particle acquisition outlet is formed;
the particle flow with the particle diameter d and the saturated negative charge q vertically enters an electric field with the field intensity E at the initial speed of u, does uniform motion with the speed of u in the horizontal direction, does uniform motion with the speed of v in the vertical direction, calculates the emergent positions of powder particles with different particle diameters in the electric field according to the speeds in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and collects the powder particles at the corresponding positions, thereby realizing screening and collection of different powder particles;
the charge quantity q of the powder particles of different particle diameters is expressed as:
；
wherein d is the diameter of the powder particles;
a is average particle full charge constant;
when the electric field force and the drag force are equal, the speed v of the powder particles along the electric field direction is as follows:
；
wherein,is the viscosity of the fluid;
a voltage between the two conductor plates for constituting a uniform electric field;
w is the distance between two conductor plates constituting a uniform electric field;
the motion trail of the powder particles in the electric field is expressed as follows:
；
according to the movement distance of the powder particles in the electric field, the particle size of the powder particles is obtained:
；
wherein L is the displacement distance of the powder particles in the vertical electric field;
is the displacement distance of the powder particles along the direction of the electric field.
2. The method for measuring and screening particle size of powder particles according to claim 1, wherein said uniform electricityThe field comprises two parallel charged conductor plates; the distance between the two parallel conductor plates is W, the first conductor plate is negatively charged, and the second conductor plate is positively charged; the voltage between the first conductor plate and the second conductor plate isThe field strength of the electric field is E.
3. The method for measuring and screening and collecting the particle size of the powder particles according to claim 1, wherein the process of calculating the movement track of the powder particles in the electric field after the powder particles vertically enter the electric field is as follows:
calculating the electric field force of the powder particles in the electric field according to the electric charge quantity q of the powder particles;
according to a drag force calculation formula when the powder particles move, calculating the speed v of the powder particles along the electric field direction when the electric field force is equal to the drag force;
and obtaining the motion track of the powder particles in the electric field according to the sum of the initial speed u of the powder particles vertically entering the electric field and the calculated speed vector of the speed v of the powder particles along the direction of the electric field.
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