CN117025592B - 一种靶向jfk的小干扰rna及其用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种靶向JFK的小干扰RNA及其用途,所述小干扰RNA的正义链、反义链的核酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO.1、SEQ ID NO.2所示。进而利用脂质体包封所述小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白复合物,可形成一种靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物,可用于治疗JFK异常高表达相关疾病。本发明以乳腺癌4T1细胞荷瘤小鼠为模型,评价了所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物联合放射治疗的抗肿瘤活性,结果显示JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物载体联合放射治疗比各对照组具有更优异的抗肿瘤活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药技术领域,特别涉及一种靶向JFK的小干扰RNA及其用途。
背景技术
JFK是一个含有人Kelch结构域的F-box蛋白,是重要的E3泛素连接酶。JFK通过形成SKP1-CUL1-F-box(SCF)复合体,通过蛋白酶体依赖的途径,使得包括p53、ING4和ING5在内的多种重要分子的蛋白水平下调,进而在乳腺癌发生发展、乳腺癌血管生成和转移、脂肪的代谢分化调控、成骨分化与骨骼发育等多种生物学行为中发挥重要作用。JFK在乳腺癌、代谢综合征相关的肥胖和非酒精性脂肪肝、骨发育异常和骨质疏松等多种疾病中异常高表达,然而目前没有靶向JFK的药物用于上述疾病的治疗。
小干扰RNA(siRNA)是一种长20~25个核苷酸的双链RNA,能够诱导特异基因的mRNA切割和降解,从转录水平抑制基因的表达。相较于抗体药物和小分子药物,siRNA药物具有合成方便、特异性高、研发周期短等优点,于2018年由FDA首次批准用于治疗遗传性转甲状腺素蛋白淀粉样变性(hATTR)引起的周围神经疾病。然而,siRNA由于其结构的不稳定性,容易被核酸酶降解,限制了其在体内的应用。因此,构建靶向特定器官或组织的siRNA药物递送系统,高效、安全地将siRNA传递到靶器官,对于siRNA药物的研发和应用而言至关重要。
脂质体是一种直径50~1000nm的球形脂双层,其脂质组分成分灵活,可以制备成种类、大小、表面特征不同的多种类型的纳米颗粒药物载体系统,具有给药方便、运输效率高、排斥反应小、稳定性强、长效缓释等优势。其中,DOTAP阳离子脂质体是一种应用较多的非病毒载体,能够将siRNA分子等核酸分子包封于脂质双分子层中,保护RNA免受降解并输送至靶点部位。
放疗是使用高能射线的电离辐射作用杀死癌细胞来治疗肿瘤的方法,和外科治疗、药物治疗并列为肿瘤治疗的三大手段。约70%的肿瘤患者在疾病的不同阶段需要接受放疗,然而随着肿瘤体积增大、缺氧加重、异质性增强,肿瘤对放疗的敏感性逐渐降低,称为放疗抵抗。因此,寻找能够增强肿瘤对放疗敏感性的药物对于肿瘤治疗而言至关重要。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种靶向JFK的小干扰RNA及其用途,利用脂质体包封所述小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白复合物,可形成一种靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物,可用于治疗JFK异常高表达相关疾病;所述纳米颗粒药物与放射疗法联用,可以显著增强肿瘤对放疗的敏感性。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明的第一方面提供了一种靶向JFK的小干扰RNA,所述小干扰RNA的正义链的核酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,所述小干扰RNA的反义链的核酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
本发明的第二方面提供了所述的小干扰RNA在制备用于治疗JFK异常高表达相关疾病的药物中的用途。
进一步的,所述JFK异常高表达相关疾病包括乳腺癌,代谢综合征相关的肥胖和非酒精性脂肪肝,骨发育异常以及骨质疏松等。
本发明的第三方面提供了一种靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物,所述纳米颗粒药物由脂质体包封小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白复合物而形成,所述小干扰RNA的正义链的核酸序列如SEQID NO.1所示,所述小干扰RNA的反义链的核酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
进一步的,所述脂质体为阳离子脂质体,选自氯化三甲基-2,3-二油烯氧基丙基铵和/或溴化三甲基-2,3-二油酰氧基丙基铵。
进一步的,所述纳米颗粒药物中脂质体、小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白的质量比为1~8:1:1。
进一步的,所述纳米颗粒药物的平均直径为50~150nm,电位在5~15mV。
本发明的第四方面提供了所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,脂质体外膜的制备:
按一定比例分别取(2,3-二油酰基-丙基)-三甲基氯盐(DOTAP)、胆固醇和聚乙二醇(PEG-2000),混匀并完全溶解后,利用旋转蒸发仪制备成厚薄均一的脂质体薄膜;而后利用DEPC水溶解脂质体薄膜,直至脂质体薄膜水化完全,水化后的脂质体薄膜经挤出器膜挤出,获得脂质体外膜;
步骤2,复合物的包封:
将如权利要求1所述的小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白室温孵育,之后加入步骤1制备得到的脂质体外膜,再次室温孵育后,即制备得到所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物。
本发明的第五方面提供了所述的小干扰RNA在制备用于治疗JFK异常高表达相关疾病的药物中的用途。
进一步的,所述JFK异常高表达相关疾病包括乳腺癌,代谢综合征相关的肥胖和非酒精性脂肪肝,骨发育异常以及骨质疏松。
本发明的第六方面提供了所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物作为药物递送载体的用途。所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物还可搭载包括内照射药物(如177Lu等)、化疗药及靶向药在内的其他药物。
本发明相比现有技术的有益效果为:
1、本发明所述的JFK靶向的小干扰RNA,可有效抑制JFK的转录,从根源上减少了JFK蛋白的产生,将所述小干扰RNA应用于制备用于治疗JFK异常高表达相关疾病的药物,对于JFK异常高表达的疾病具有更强的治疗效果;
2、本发明所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物,以脂质体纳米颗粒作为载体、将靶向JFK的siRNA运送到病变部位,于靶向蛋白质的抑制剂而言,提高了药物运送效率,降低了合成成本,提高了药物在体内的稳定性;
3、本发明所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物,具有良好的体内抗肿瘤效果,同时所述纳米颗粒与放射疗法联用,能够明显增强JFK高表达肿瘤对传统放射治疗的敏感性。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
图1为实施例1所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物的结构及制备过程示意图;
图2为测试例1所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物的理化性质结果图;
图3为测试例2所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物对体外乳腺癌4T1细胞中JFK表达水平的干预效果检测结果图;
图4为测试例3所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物在小鼠体内靶向肿瘤的递送效果评估结果图;
图5为测试例4所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物、放射治疗及纳米颗粒药物联合放射治疗对于小鼠体内肿瘤的治疗效果评估结果图(纳米颗粒药物瘤内注射);
图6为测试例5所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物、放射治疗及纳米颗粒药物联合放射治疗对于小鼠体内肿瘤的治疗效果评估结果图(纳米颗粒药物系统注射);
图7为对比例2所述三条不同的JFK siRNA序列检测结果对比图。
具体实施方式
在以下实施例中,在没有特别说明的情况下,涉及到的设备和原料均为市售品。
原料,见表1。
表1
试剂名称 | 来源 |
DOTAP | 艾伟拓 |
胆固醇 | 西格玛奥德里奇Sigma-Aldrich |
PEG-2000 | 西格玛奥德里奇Sigma-Aldrich |
鱼精蛋白 | 西格玛奥德里奇Sigma-Aldrich |
JFK siRNA-Cy5 | 吉玛基因 |
设备,见表2。
表2
设备名称 | 来源 |
旋转蒸发仪 | 东京理化(EYEL4 N-1300) |
脂质体挤出器 | 艾伟拓 |
透射电子显微镜 | 日本电子(JEM-1400) |
共聚焦显微镜 | 蔡司(LSM880) |
动态光散射仪 | 马尔文(ZETASIZER NANO ZSP) |
冰冻切片机 | 徕卡(CM3050S) |
小动物活体成像仪 | 珀金埃尔默(IVIS Lumina Series III) |
实施例1
如图1所示,本实施例提供了一种靶向JFK的小干扰RNA,所述小干扰RNA的正义链的核酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示:
5’-AUUCUCAAUGGUGGAAAUUTT-3’;
所述小干扰RNA的反义链的核酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示:
5’-AAUUUCCACCAUUGAGAAUTT-3’。
进一步的,本实施例利用上述小干扰RNA制备了一种JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物,制备方法为:
步骤1,脂质体外膜的制备:
按照摩尔比1:1:1,分别取(2,3-二油酰基-丙基)-三甲基氯盐(DOTAP)、胆固醇和PEG-2000,混匀并完全溶解后,利用旋转蒸发仪制备成厚薄均一的脂质体薄膜;而后利用1mL DEPC水溶解脂质体薄膜,直至脂质体薄膜水化完全,水化后的脂质体薄膜经挤出器分别通过200nm、100nm膜各挤出15~20次,获得脂质体外膜。
步骤2,复合物的包封:
将本实施例所述的小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白室温孵育10分钟,之后加入步骤1制备得到的脂质体外膜,再次室温孵育10分钟后,即制备得到所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物(即LPR纳米颗粒药物)。其中,小干扰RNA、鱼精蛋白和脂质体外膜的质量比为1:1:1。
对比例1
本对比例提供了一种空载脂质体(不包括鱼精蛋白),制备方法为:
按照摩尔比1:1:1,分别取(2,3-二油酰基-丙基)-三甲基氯盐(DOTAP)、胆固醇和PEG-2000,混匀并完全溶解后,利用旋转蒸发仪制备成厚薄均一的脂质体薄膜;而后利用1mL DEPC水溶解脂质体薄膜,直至脂质体薄膜水化完全,水化后的脂质体薄膜经挤出器分别通过200nm、100nm膜各挤出15~20次,获得脂质体外膜,即空载脂质体。
测试例1
为了确定实施例1制备得到JFK靶向的纳米颗粒药物的理化性质,本测试例分别测定了所述纳米颗粒药物的颗粒大小、电位、形态、稳定性。按照对比例1、实施例1所述方法,分别制备空载脂质体与装载JFK siRNA的靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物,通过动态光散射仪分别检测二者的粒径和Zeta电位。通过透射电子显微镜分别观察脂质体纳米颗粒的形貌特征。
本测试例结果显示,对比例1所述空载脂质体的粒径大小在108纳米左右(图2中a),电位在40mV左右(图2中b),通过电镜结果可以观察到脂质体的粒径均一的形态特征(图2中c)。空载脂质体结合JFK siRNA组成实施例1所述JFK靶向的纳米颗粒载体,其粒径直径在120纳米左右(图2中d),电位在10mV左右(图2中e),电镜结果表明空载脂质体结合siRNA之后,形态没有发生明显变化(图2中f)。
为了进一步检测实施例1所述纳米颗粒药物的稳定性,表征其粒径大小及siRNA在脂质体中结合力。通过动态散射仪检测装在所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物在不同时间点的粒径大小,琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测siRNA在不同时间点的结合力,配置浓度2%(质量/体积)的琼脂糖,电压100V电泳20分钟后,紫外线照射分析。
粒径实验结果表明,实施例1所述LPR纳米颗粒药物在96小时内的粒径保持稳定,没有发生明显变化(图2中f)。凝胶阻滞实验结果表明,96小时时间内,siRNA在脂质体中保持了较好的结合力(图2中h)。
测试例2
本测试例利用荧光染料Cy5标记实施例1所述JFK靶向的小干扰RNA(Cy5-JFKsiRNA),而后参照实施例1所述方法制备得到Cy5标记的LPR纳米颗粒药物。
在体外,利用所述LPR纳米颗粒药物对4T1细胞中JFK表达的干预效果进行检测。包括给药不同时间段之后药物在4T1细胞中的亚细胞分布、JFK蛋白水平的改变。
4T1细胞培养24小时,待密度达到50-60%左右,向其中加入上述制备的Cy5标记的LPR纳米颗粒药物,分别培养1小时和4小时,利用共聚焦显微镜观察细胞内Cy5荧光表达。结果显示,在包含Cy5-JFK siRNA的LPR纳米颗粒药物处理4T1细胞后1小时和4小时均可以看到药物有效进入细胞中,且随着处理时间增加,药物进入量增高(图3中a)。
4T1细胞培养24小时,待密度达到50-60%左右,分别向其中加入空载脂质体,裸Cy5-JFK siRNA及Cy5标记的LPR纳米颗粒药物,继续培养48小时。分别进行蛋白免疫印迹实验和免疫荧光染色实验观察JFK的表达。蛋白免疫印迹实验具体方法如下:使用RIPA裂解液收集上述不同处理的4T1细胞总蛋白,10%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳60分钟,电转90分钟,封闭60分钟,JFK一抗(1:2000)4℃孵育过夜。洗膜后二抗孵育2小时,洗膜后曝光观察。结果显示,与空白对照Control组,空载脂质体Lipid组及单独的裸Cy5-JFK siRNA相比,包含Cy5-JFK siRNA的LPR纳米颗粒药物处理能明显导致JFK蛋白表达水平降低(图3中b)。
免疫荧光染色实验方法具体如下:将上述不同处理的4T1细胞经4%多聚甲醛固定10分钟,1%牛血清白蛋白封闭1小时,一抗JFK(1:200)4℃孵育过夜,清洗后二抗(1:200)室温孵育2小时,清洗后4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)染料孵育10分钟。封片后共聚焦显微镜观察。结果显示,与空白对照Control组,空载脂质体Lipid组及单独的裸Cy5-JFK siRNA相比,包含Cy5-JFK siRNA的LPR纳米颗粒药物处理能明显导致JFK蛋白表达水平降低(图3中c)。
测试例3
本测试例进行了测试例2制备得到Cy5标记的LPR纳米颗粒药物在4T1荷瘤小鼠体内靶向肿瘤的递送效果评估,包括给药后药物在不同器官组织的分布、JFK的体内敲低效率等。具体的:
本测试例分别将空载脂质体(Lipid),单独的裸JFK siRNA及装载Cy5-JFK siRNA的脂质体(LPR组)尾静脉注射到小鼠体内(1μg/10g小鼠),注射一次,24小时后通过小动物活体成像检测系统表征其在小鼠各脏器及肿瘤中的分布情况。
活体显像结果表明,LPR组相比较于其他2组,在肿瘤部位可以看到Cy5的荧光(图4中a)。离体实验结果表明,与仅注射脂质体或JFK siRNA相比,注射LPR纳米颗粒药物组小鼠中,除因代谢在肾脏中有少量存留,大部分JFK LPR纳米颗粒药物能够成功进入肿瘤中(图4中b)。
测试例4
本测试例将实施例1制备得到的LPR纳米颗粒药物通过瘤内注射给药方式联合放疗评估4T1荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤治疗效果,包括单用LPR纳米颗粒药物的抗肿瘤效果,以及将LPR纳米颗粒药物与放射治疗联合使用相比于单独使用放射治疗的效果。
首先,在给药7天前构建4T1荷瘤小鼠模型,将小鼠分为5组,分别为阴性生理盐水对照组,脂质体-鱼精蛋白-对照siRNA(空白对照Control siRNA)组,脂质体-鱼精蛋白-JFKsiRNA(LPR组),放射治疗(RT)组,LPR+RT联合治疗组。在第0、3、6天给予LPR纳米颗粒药物(或空载脂质体,或脂质体-鱼精蛋白-对照siRNA(空白对照Control siRNA)组)瘤内注射,在第1、4、7天给予3×5Gy(放疗剂量单位,是电离辐射能量吸收剂量的标准单位,1Gy=1J/kg,含义是1kg被辐照的物质吸收1J的能量)的放射治疗,在第16天收集肿瘤进行检测(图5中a)。
检测结果显示:
相比于阴性对照组,LPR组小鼠的荷瘤体积显著减少(图5中b和c),体重没有变化(图5中d),肿瘤细胞的JFK表达水平显著降低(图5中e)。
相比于RT组,LPR+RT组小鼠的荷瘤体积显著减少(图5中b和c),体重没有变化(图5中d),肿瘤细胞的JFK表达水平显著降低(图5中e)。
由此说明本发明所使用的靶向JFK的LPR纳米颗粒药物瘤内注射具有显著的抗肿瘤效果,与放疗联用能够增强肿瘤对放疗的敏感性。
测试例5
本测试例将实施例1制备得到的LPR纳米颗粒药物通过尾静脉系统注射给药方式联合放疗评估4T1荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤治疗效果,包括单用LPR纳米颗粒药物的抗肿瘤效果,以及将LPR纳米颗粒药物与放射治疗联合使用相比于单独使用放射治疗的敏化效果。
首先,在给药7天前构建4T1荷瘤小鼠模型,将小鼠分为4组,分别为生理盐水对照组,脂质体-鱼精蛋白-JFK siRNA(LPR)组,放疗(RT)组,LPR+RT联合治疗组。在第0、3、6天给予LPR纳米颗粒药物尾静脉注射,在第1、4、7天给予3×5Gy的放射治疗,在第16天收集肿瘤进行检测(图6中a)。
检测结果显示:
相比于阴性对照组,LPR组小鼠的荷瘤体积降低,和RT组相比较无显著性差异。LPR+RT组小鼠的荷瘤体积相比较于单独的LPR组和RT组,有显著降低(图6中b和c)。各组之间小鼠的重量没有发生明显的变化(图6中d)。免疫荧光结果显示肿瘤细胞的JFK表达水平显著降低(图6中d和e)。
由此说明本发明所使用的靶向JFK的LPR纳米颗粒药物的系统注射具有一定的抗肿瘤效果,与放疗联用能够显著增强肿瘤对放疗的敏感性,且无严重的全身不良反应。
对比例2
在4T1细胞中分别转染阴性对照Control siRNA及三条不同的JFK siRNA序列(如表3所示),48小时之后,收细胞进行qPCR及Western Blot实验。
表3
核酸序列(5’→3’) | SEQ ID NO. | |
JFK siRNA1#-正义链 | UAGACAUUAAAGACACCAATT | / |
JFK siRNA1#-反义链 | UUGGUGUCUUUAAUGUCUATT | / |
JFK siRNA2#-正义链 | CUGUCCAGGAAGGAAACAUTT | / |
JFK siRNA2#-反义链 | AUGUUUCCUUCCUGGACAGTT | / |
JFK siRNA3#-正义链 | AUUCUCAAUGGUGGAAAUUTT | 1 |
JFK siRNA3#-反义链 | AAUUUCCACCAUUGAGAAUTT | 2 |
实验结果显示,与阴性对照组(Control siRNA)相比,只有#3号JFK siRNA序列(SEQ ID NO.1、SEQ ID NO.2所述序列)能够促进JFK的mRNA(图7中a)及蛋白表达水平(图7中b)显著降低(***p<0.001),而#1和#2号JFK siRNA序列对JFK的mRNA及蛋白表达水平均无影响,证明本发明中所使用的JFK siRNA序列具有有效性和特异性。
最后应说明的是,以上仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳布置方案对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物在制备用于治疗JFK异常高表达相关疾病放疗增敏剂中的用途;
所述JFK异常高表达相关疾病为乳腺癌;
所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物由脂质体包封小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白复合物而形成;
所述小干扰RNA的正义链的核酸序列如SEQ ID NO. 1所示,所述小干扰RNA的反义链的核酸序列如SEQ ID NO. 2所示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述纳米颗粒药物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1,脂质体外膜的制备:
按摩尔比1:1:1,分别取(2,3-二油酰基-丙基)-三甲基氯盐DOTAP、胆固醇和聚乙二醇PEG-2000,混匀并完全溶解后,利用旋转蒸发仪制备成厚薄均一的脂质体薄膜;而后利用1mL DEPC水溶解脂质体薄膜,直至脂质体薄膜水化完全,水化后的脂质体薄膜经挤出器分别通过200 nm、100 nm膜各挤出15~20次,获得脂质体外膜;
步骤2,复合物的包封:
将小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白室温孵育10分钟,之后加入步骤1制备得到的脂质体外膜,再次室温孵育10分钟后,小干扰RNA和鱼精蛋白形成的复合物被包封于脂质体外膜内,形成所述靶向JFK的纳米颗粒药物;其中,小干扰RNA、鱼精蛋白和脂质体外膜的质量比为1:1:1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用途,其特征在于,所述纳米颗粒药物的平均直径为50~150 nm,Zeta电位 (Zeta potential) 在5~15 mV。
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