CN117016695A - Feed additive for improving quality of spotted maigre swim bladder - Google Patents
Feed additive for improving quality of spotted maigre swim bladder Download PDFInfo
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- CN117016695A CN117016695A CN202310959127.5A CN202310959127A CN117016695A CN 117016695 A CN117016695 A CN 117016695A CN 202310959127 A CN202310959127 A CN 202310959127A CN 117016695 A CN117016695 A CN 117016695A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/168—Steroids
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and discloses a feed additive for improving the quality of swim bladder of spotted maigre, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-55wt% of cottonseed protein, 25-38wt% of soyasaponin, 10-16wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 8-10wt% of alanylglutamine. In the feed additive, alanyl glutamine and capric glyceride play an important role in the synthesis of swimming bladder collagen and the accumulation of essential amino acids in the collagen, and the components in the feed additive are matched with each other to promote the deposition of the swimming bladder collagen and improve the accumulation of the essential amino acids in the collagen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a feed additive for improving the quality of swim bladders of spotted maigre.
Background
The main components of the biological macromolecular collagen protein contained in the swimming bladder are high-grade collagen protein and mucopolysaccharide, and the swimming bladder contains multiple vitamins and multiple microelements such as calcium, zinc, iron, selenium and the like. Is a raw material for supplementing and synthesizing protein for human body, and is easy to be absorbed and utilized. It is stored in the form of aqueous solution in human tissue, thereby improving the nutritional status and metabolism of the tissue. It has been demonstrated that collagen-rich foods can affect the physiological functions of certain specific tissues by means of collagen-containing bound water, thereby promoting growth and development, enhancing disease resistance, and having the effects of delaying aging and resisting cancer.
The swimming bladder can be made into fish glue, and the fish glue is one of the eight delicacies of seafood and has a low price. The high-quality fish glue in the market has the advantages of 500 g of tens of thousands of yuan and even hundreds of thousands of yuan, and the common price is hundreds of yuan. In contrast, the fish gelatin extracted from wild fish species has great economic value and dietary therapy value.
The light-colored spotted maigre is an important mariculture variety for producing famous and precious fish gelatin in China; the related feed of the spotted maigre swim bladder is mainly focused on increasing the weight of the swim bladder and depositing collagen, but ignoring the accumulation of beneficial amino acid in the swim bladder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and firstly provides a feed additive for improving the quality of the swim bladder of the spotted maigre.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of the above feed additive.
A third object of the present invention is to provide the use of the feed additive described above.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-55wt% of cottonseed protein, 25-38wt% of soyasaponin, 10-16wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 8-10wt% of alanylglutamine.
In the feed additive, alanyl glutamine and capric glyceride play an important role in the synthesis of swimming bladder collagen and the accumulation of essential amino acids in the collagen, and the components in the feed additive are matched with each other to promote the deposition of the swimming bladder collagen and improve the accumulation of the essential amino acids in the collagen.
Preferably, the feed additive for improving the quality of the swim bladder of the spotted maigre comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50wt% of cottonseed protein, 30wt% of soyasaponin, 12wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 8wt% of alanylglutamine.
The invention also provides application of the feed additive, and specifically, the feed additive is added into feed according to 0.5% -2%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed containing the feed additive, which is to mix the feed additive with the feed and dry the mixture at low temperature.
Preferably, the specific operation of low-temperature drying is as follows: and drying the feed mixed with the feed additive at 30 ℃.
The invention also provides application of the feed additive in preparing a product for improving deposition of the spotted maigre swim bladder collagen.
The invention also provides application of the feed additive in preparing a product for improving essential amino acids in the swim bladder of the spotted maigre.
The invention also provides application of the feed additive in preparing products for improving the growth performance of the spotted maigre.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a feed additive for improving the quality of swim bladder of spotted maigre, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-55wt% of cottonseed protein, 25-38wt% of soyasaponin, 10-16wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 8-10wt% of alanylglutamine. In the feed additive, alanyl glutamine and capric glyceride play an important role in the synthesis of swimming bladder collagen and the accumulation of essential amino acids in the collagen, and the components in the feed additive are matched with each other to promote the deposition of the swimming bladder collagen and improve the accumulation of the essential amino acids in the collagen.
Detailed Description
The following describes the invention in more detail. The description of these embodiments is provided to assist understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The feed for the spotted maigre experiment is sea water fish puffing compound feed of sea water No. 2 with a product analysis guarantee value (%) being that crude protein is more than or equal to 41.0, crude fat is more than or equal to 5.0, crude fiber is less than or equal to 3.5, crude ash is less than or equal to 16.0, moisture is less than or equal to 10.5, lysine is more than or equal to 2, and total phosphorus is 0.8-4.0; the raw materials comprise: fish meal, soybean meal, flour, soybean lecithin oil, fish oil, lysine, polymineral, multidimensional and the like.
Determination of amino acid content: the collagen content of the test sample is determined by using a kit (acid hydrolysis method) of Nanjing's institute of biological engineering.
Collagen content determination: hydroxyproline is 13.4% of collagen, and very little of the hydroxyproline is in elastin, and the hydroxyproline is not in other proteins, and the content of the hydroxyproline can be converted into the content of collagen by measuring the content of the hydroxyproline. The oxidation product generated by hydroxyproline under the action of an oxidant and the dimethylamino formaldehyde are in purple red, and the content (ug/mg wet weight) of the hydroxyproline can be calculated according to the color depth of the hydroxyproline.
Example 1
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40wt% of cottonseed protein, 38wt% of soyasaponin, 12wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 10wt% of alanylglutamine.
Example 2
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55wt% of cottonseed protein, 25wt% of soyasaponin, 11wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 9wt% of alanylglutamine.
Example 3
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 46wt% cottonseed protein, 35wt% soyasaponin, 10wt% capric acid monoglyceride, 9wt% alanylglutamine.
Example 4
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50wt% of cottonseed protein, 30wt% of soyasaponin, 12wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 8wt% of alanylglutamine.
Comparative example 1
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50wt% of cottonseed protein, 38wt% of soyasaponin and 12wt% of capric acid monoglyceride.
In this comparative example the feed additive lacks alanylglutamine as compared to example 4.
Comparative example 2
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55wt% of cottonseed protein, 37wt% of soyasaponin and 8wt% of alanylglutamine.
In this comparative example the feed additive lacks capric monoglyceride as compared to example 4.
Comparative example 3
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50wt% of cottonseed protein, 30wt% of soyasaponin, 12wt% of caproic acid monoglyceride and 8wt% of alanylglutamine.
In this comparative example, the feed additive replaced capric acid monoglyceride with caproic acid monoglyceride as compared to example 4.
Comparative example 4
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35wt% of cottonseed protein, 45wt% of soyasaponin, 12wt% of caproic acid monoglyceride and 8wt% of alanylglutamine.
The feed additive of this comparative example was reduced in cottonseed protein and increased in soybean saponin compared to example 4.
Comparative example 5
A feed additive for improving the quality of spotted maigre swim bladder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60wt% of cottonseed protein, 20wt% of soyasaponin, 12wt% of caproic acid monoglyceride and 8wt% of alanylglutamine.
The amount of cottonseed protein used as a feed additive in this comparative example was increased and the amount of soyasaponin was decreased as compared to example 4.
Effect example
The cultivation experiment is carried out in south Australian county of Guangdong Shanshan, the fries are purchased from local fries of south Australian Shanshan of Guangdong Shanshan, the experimental fries are transferred into a seawater net cage with the density of 3m multiplied by 2m to be fasted for 24 hours, then commercial feed is used for feeding the experimental fishes for 2 weeks, and 1% of feed additive is added into the feed; feeding is carried out twice according to the total daily feeding amount of 2% of the body weight (the feeding of a control group is carried out), and the feeding rates are respectively 7:30 and 17:00, so that fries can be stabilized in cage culture, unhealthy light-color spotted maigre experimental fishes mechanically damaged in the transportation process are eliminated, and regular management is carried out every day; the temperature of the seawater is 19-23 ℃ during the cultivation period, and the salinity of the seawater is 8-11ppt.
After the cultivation test, all the fishes in each test group are weighed, indexes such as feed coefficients and the like are calculated, the indexes are shown in table 1, 20 fishes are randomly selected from each repetition, dissected after low-temperature anesthesia, the swimming bladder tissues are taken out, the swimming bladder tissues are scraped to remove surface fat and then are stored in a sealing bag in a refrigerator at-20 ℃ for preparation of measurement of the collagen content and the amino acid content of the swimming bladder.
TABLE 1 Nibea albiflora growth Properties
As can be seen from table 1, the survival rate, the final weight, the daily gain and the feed coefficient of the example group are much better than those of the comparative example, and the growth performance of the spotted maigre of comparative example 3 is similar to that of the example group, which shows that the replacement of capric acid monoglyceride with caproic acid has no obvious effect on the growth performance of the spotted maigre; alanyl glutamine can enhance the immunity and the antioxidant stress capability of fish, thereby obviously improving the growth performance of spotted maigre. Comparative example 1 the growth performance of the spotted maigre of comparative example 1 was poor due to the lack of alanylglutamine. The capric acid monoglyceride is used as medium chain fatty acid monoglyceride, and has high efficiency, broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral functions; comparative example 2 resulted in poor growth performance of spotted maigre due to the lack of capric acid monoglyceride. As can be seen from the data of comparative examples 4-5, the amounts of cottonseed protein and soybean saponin used did not significantly affect the growth performance of Nibea albiflora.
TABLE 2 Effect of essential amino acids on swim bladder of Nibea albiflora
As can be seen from the data of the comparative example group and the example group of table 2, the change of each factor of the feed additive of the comparative example group had no significant effect on the contents of leucine, phenylalanine and valine, but had a relatively large effect on lysine, threonine, arginine and histidine, and in particular, the data of the comparative example 1 group and the comparative example 2 group revealed that the feed additive lacks alanylglutamine or capric glyceride, and had a significant effect on the accumulation of the contents of essential amino acids; as can be seen from the comparison example 3 that the replacement of the capric acid glyceride with the caproic acid glyceride is not significantly improved on the accumulation of essential amino acids in the swimming bladder collagen after the replacement of the medium-chain fatty acid glyceride, the irreplaceability of the capric acid glyceride in the feed additive is visible; the data of comparative examples 4 and 5 shows that the amounts of cottonseed protein and soybean saponin in the range of examples help to significantly increase the amount of essential amino acids.
TABLE 3 content of collagen in swim bladder of Nibea albiflora
As can be seen from the data of the comparative example group and the example group in table 3, the change of each factor of the feed additive of the comparative example group has a significant effect on the content of collagen, and in particular, the data of the comparative example 1 group and the comparative example 2 group show that the absence of alanylglutamine or the absence of capric glyceride in the feed additive has a significant effect on the accumulation of the content of collagen; as can be seen from the comparison example 3 that the capric acid glyceride is replaced by the caproic acid glyceride in the feed additive, after the medium-chain fatty acid glyceride is replaced, the accumulation of the swimming bladder collagen is not obviously improved; the data of comparative examples 4 and 5 show that the amounts of cottonseed protein and soybean saponin in the range of examples help to significantly increase the collagen content.
In conclusion, alanyl glutamine and capric glyceride play an important role in the synthesis of swimming bladder collagen and the accumulation of essential amino acids in the collagen, and the components in the feed additive are matched with each other to promote the deposition of the swimming bladder collagen and improve the accumulation of the essential amino acids in the collagen.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and yet fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The feed additive for improving the quality of the spotted maigre swim bladder is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 40-55wt% of cottonseed protein, 25-38wt% of soyasaponin, 10-16wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 8-10wt% of alanylglutamine.
2. The feed additive for improving the quality of the swim bladder of the spotted maigre according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 50wt% of cottonseed protein, 30wt% of soyasaponin, 12wt% of capric acid monoglyceride and 8wt% of alanylglutamine.
3. Use of a feed additive according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed additive is added to the feed in an amount of 0.5% to 2%.
4. A method for preparing feed containing the feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed additive is mixed with feed and dried at low temperature.
5. Use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 or 2 for the preparation of a product for increasing collagen deposition in swim bladders of spotted maigre.
6. Use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 or 2 for the preparation of a product for increasing essential amino acids in swim bladders of spotted maigre.
7. Use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 or 2 for the preparation of a product for improving the growth performance of spotted maigre.
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