CN116990177A - Valve-seat ring frictional wear test device and method with multiple working modes - Google Patents
Valve-seat ring frictional wear test device and method with multiple working modes Download PDFInfo
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- CN116990177A CN116990177A CN202310940610.9A CN202310940610A CN116990177A CN 116990177 A CN116990177 A CN 116990177A CN 202310940610 A CN202310940610 A CN 202310940610A CN 116990177 A CN116990177 A CN 116990177A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/317—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a valve-seat ring friction and wear test device with multiple working modes and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises a lifting plate, a main cylinder body, a cooling water jacket, a valve, a seat ring, a jacking column, a fuel gas supply assembly, an electromagnet group, a valve rotating mechanism, a lifting driving mechanism and an instantaneous impact mechanism; the main cylinder body is installed on the lifter plate, the cooling water jacket, the air valve and the seat ring are installed on the main cylinder body, the gas supply assembly and the electromagnet group are respectively connected with the main cylinder body, the electromagnet group is used for driving the air valve to move up and down, the air valve rotating mechanism is connected with the electromagnet group and is used for driving the air valve to rotate, the lifter plate and the lifting driving mechanism are arranged between the upper base plate and the lower base plate, the lifting driving mechanism is used for driving the lifter plate to lift, the jacking column and the instantaneous impact mechanism are installed on the bottom plate, the instantaneous impact mechanism is used for driving the jacking column, and the bottom plate is located below the lower base plate. The invention can meet the friction and wear conditions of the valve-seat ring friction pair under various working conditions, thereby being beneficial to the comparison test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for testing friction and wear of a valve-seat ring with multiple working modes, and belongs to the field of testing of friction and wear performance of the valve-seat ring.
Background
Valve-seat rings are one of the important components of an engine valve train, determining the overall performance, reliability and life of the engine. In the normal running process of the engine, the valve seat ring bears the action of severe gas corrosion, high temperature and high impact force, and the friction pair cannot be effectively lubricated, so that the working environment is very severe, and abrasion failure is easy to occur. Therefore, the valve and the seat ring should have strong wear resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
The current performance requirements for engines are increasing, and the explosion pressure, temperature and gas corrosion suffered by valves and seat rings are more serious. The energy and environmental problems are one of the main problems faced by the current automobile industry, and in order to improve the efficiency of the engine and reduce oil consumption and pollution, various engine manufacturers invest a great deal of manpower and material resources to develop new technologies. In recent years, variable valve technology has been gradually applied to the field of automobile engines as a new technology. In conventional valve trains, the valves are typically driven by a camshaft, and the fixation of the cam profile results in fixed valve opening and closing times and lifts, which are detrimental to the efficiency of the engine. The variable valve technology can change the opening and closing time of the valve and the valve lift according to the requirements of different working conditions and rotating speeds of the engine to control the ventilation and replenishment process of the engine cylinder, so that the efficiency of the engine is improved.
The valve-seat ring abrasion test bed can simulate the real environment, so that researches on the abrasion mechanism and the material and mechanical properties of the valve and the seat ring are carried out, and technicians can purposefully improve the properties of the valve and the seat ring. The current valve-seat ring friction and wear testing machine is mainly used for testing under the combined actions of valve seating, impact, high temperature and the like, and cannot independently explore the influence of a single variable or a plurality of variables on wear. In addition, the opening and closing time and the valve lift of the valve in the current valve-seat ring friction and wear testing machine are fixed, and cannot be adjusted according to requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a valve-seat ring friction and wear test device with multiple working modes, which can meet the friction and wear conditions of a valve-seat ring friction pair under various working conditions of high temperature, combustion atmosphere, valve rotation and instantaneous impact, thereby being beneficial to carrying out a comparison test and analyzing the influence of a certain variable on the friction and wear conditions; in addition, the device can adjust the opening and closing time and the valve lift of the valve, and is matched with the scouring of high-temperature gas flow to be more fit with the actual working condition of the engine valve-seat ring applying the variable valve technology.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a high temperature wear test method for a valve-seat insert, which is realized based on the above-mentioned valve-seat insert frictional wear test device.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a friction and wear test device for a valve-seat ring with multiple working modes comprises a lifting plate, a main cylinder body, a cooling water jacket, a valve, a seat ring, a jacking column, a fuel gas supply assembly, an electromagnet group, a valve rotating mechanism, a lifting driving mechanism and a transient impact mechanism;
the main cylinder body is installed on the lifter plate, the cooling water jacket, the air valve and the seat ring are installed on the main cylinder body, the gas supply assembly and the electromagnet group are respectively connected with the main cylinder body, the electromagnet group is used for driving the air valve to move up and down, the air valve rotating mechanism is connected with the electromagnet group and is used for driving the air valve to rotate, the lifter plate and the lifter driving mechanism are arranged between the upper base plate and the lower base plate, the lifter driving mechanism is used for driving the lifter plate to lift, the jacking column and the instantaneous impact mechanism are installed on the bottom plate, the instantaneous impact mechanism is used for driving the jacking column, and the bottom plate is located below the lower base plate.
Further, the valve rotating mechanism comprises a first motor, a sliding guide sleeve, a rotating shaft, a valve collet and a rolling bearing, wherein the valve collet is fixed in an armature of the electromagnet group through a valve collet end cover so as to fix a valve guide rod, the valve collet is in interference fit with the rolling bearing, and the sliding guide sleeve is in spline connection with the end part of the rotating shaft, so that when the first motor rotates, the rotating shaft drives the valve to rotate.
Further, the electromagnet group comprises an upper polar plate, a lower polar plate, an armature, a first valve return spring and a second valve return spring, wherein the upper polar plate, the lower polar plate and the armature are respectively connected with the main cylinder body, the valve guide rod is fixed on the armature, and the lift and the opening and closing time of the valve are controlled through different current magnitudes and energizing time of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate; the first valve return spring is arranged between the upper polar plate and the armature, and the second valve return spring is arranged between the lower polar plate and the armature.
Further, a displacement sensor is mounted on the armature.
Further, the lifting driving mechanism comprises a second motor, a ball screw, a belt wheel, a ratchet wheel and a pawl, wherein the ball screw is connected between the upper base plate and the lower base plate, the lifting plate is movably connected with the ball screw, the belt wheel is connected with the end part of the ball screw, the second motor drives the ball screw to rotate through the belt wheel so as to drive the lifting plate to lift, and the ratchet wheel and the pawl are arranged at the end part of the ball screw.
Further, the gas supply assembly comprises a gas combustion chamber, an ignition switch, a gas supply box, a combustion waste gas recovery box, a gas control valve and a telescopic sealing cover, wherein the gas combustion chamber is connected with the main cylinder body, the ignition switch is installed in the gas combustion chamber, the gas supply box is connected with the gas combustion chamber through a gas input pipe, the combustion waste gas recovery box is connected with the gas combustion chamber through a gas waste gas recovery pipe, the gas control valve is arranged on the gas input pipe, and the telescopic sealing cover is installed on the main cylinder body and seals the gas combustion chamber.
Furthermore, an electromagnetic induction heating coil is further arranged in the gas combustion chamber, the seat ring is fixed on the main cylinder body through a seat ring clamp, and temperature sensors are arranged on the seat ring clamp and in the gas combustion chamber.
Further, the instantaneous impact mechanism comprises a main motor, a small belt pulley, a large belt pulley, a first driving belt, a rotating wheel, a crankshaft, a connecting rod and a spring limiting pin, wherein the main motor is connected with the small belt pulley, the small belt pulley is connected with the large belt pulley through the first driving belt, the large belt pulley is connected with the rotating wheel through the crankshaft and the connecting rod, and the spring limiting pin is used for limiting the rotating wheel, so that the rotating wheel and the large belt pulley are fixed in position.
Further, a speed and acceleration sensor is arranged on the valve, and a force sensor is arranged on the top column.
The other object of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
the valve-seat ring frictional wear test method is realized based on the valve-seat ring frictional wear test device, and comprises the following steps of:
in the gas supply assembly, a gas control valve is opened to enable gas to be introduced into a gas combustion chamber, and an ignition switch in the gas combustion chamber is opened to enable the temperature of a valve and a seat ring part to rise;
after the valve and the seat ring reach the preset temperature, in the instantaneous impact mechanism, the main motor is controlled to rotate to enable the crankshaft to rotate to the lower dead center position, so that the jack post is at the highest position at the moment, the spring limiting pin is controlled to pop up, and the positions of the rotating wheel and the large belt wheel are fixed;
in the lifting driving mechanism, the second motor is controlled to rotate, so that the ball screw rotates, the lifting plate descends, the valve contacts with the surface of the seat ring along with the descending of the lifting plate, and the surface pressure is gradually increased; when the pressure value reaches a set value, the second motor stops running, and simultaneously, the pawl automatically pops up to clamp the ratchet wheel, so that the ball screw shaft cannot rotate, and the maximum value of the instantaneous impact force in the test is always a preset value;
switching on the power supply of the electromagnet group to enable coils of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate to be electrified to generate a magnetic field, and adjusting the electrifying time of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate according to the air distribution phase and the air lift specified by a test, so that the armature drives the air valve to move up and down, the rotating frequency of the main motor is adjusted, and the electromagnet is ensured to control the air valve to be opened, closed and impacted alternately;
in the lifting driving mechanism, the second motor is started to enable the valve to rotate, the spring limiting pin is enabled to restore to the position, the rotating wheel and the large belt wheel can rotate freely at the moment, the main motor is started, and the impact test is carried out according to preset test conditions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can realize multiple working modes, can independently control the valve rotation speed, the test temperature, the test force, the valve lift, the high-temperature fuel gas and the period of opening and closing of the valve in the valve-seat ring test, is more close to the actual operation condition of the valve seat ring, and can select partial variables to carry out a comparison test according to the requirement.
2. The invention adopts the electromagnet group to replace the valve return spring, can overcome the defect that the valve return spring can not adjust the opening and closing time of the valve, and controls the rising and falling time and speed of the valve by changing the power-on time and the current of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate of the electromagnet group, thereby being capable of meeting various variable valve timing tests.
3. The invention adopts the electromagnet group to replace the valve return spring, thereby overcoming the defect that a valve seat ring friction and wear testing machine can not adjust the valve lift according to the requirement, and the valve lock clamp is arranged in the armature, so that the valve is fixed on the lock clamp. The highest point and the lowest point of the armature position are controlled by changing the power-on time and the current of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate of the electromagnet, so that the tests of different valve lifts can be satisfied.
4. Compared with a cam impact mechanism, the instantaneous impact mechanism has the advantages that the contact between the crankshaft and the connecting rod is surface contact, in the cam mechanism, the cam and the driven piece are in a line contact mode, and the cam is easy to wear under long-term heavy-load operation, so that the test condition cannot be accurately controlled.
5. The invention is provided with the locking mechanism, so that the step of adjusting the test force is simplified. The spring limiting pin, the ratchet wheel and the pawl are adopted, so that the screw rod can be locked after the test force is adjusted, the maximum value of the burst pressure of the test is ensured to be a preset value, and the accuracy of the test is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a valve-seat insert frictional wear test apparatus with multiple modes of operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transient impact mechanism transmission according to an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, 1-lifting plate, 2-main cylinder, 3-cooling water jacket, 4-valve, 5-seat ring, 6-top post, 7-instantaneous impact mechanism, 701-main motor, 702-small belt pulley, 703-large belt pulley, 704-first driving belt, 705-rotating wheel, 706-crankshaft, 707-connecting rod, 708-spring limit pin, 709-motor supporting table, 710-support, 711-first rolling bearing, 8-upper base plate, 9-lower base plate, 10-base plate, 11-upper polar plate, 12-lower polar plate, 13-armature, 14-first valve return spring, 15-second valve return spring, 16-displacement sensor, 17-first motor, 18-sliding guide sleeve, 19-rotating shaft, 20-valve locking clamp, 21-second rolling bearings, 22-second motor, 23-ball screw, 24-pulley, 25-ratchet, 26-pawl, 27-second belt, 28-gas combustion chamber, 29-ignition switch, 30-gas supply tank, 31-combustion gas recovery tank, 32-gas control valve, 33-retractable seal cover, 34-gas input tube, 35-gas recovery line, 36-electromagnetic induction heating coil, 37-race clamp, 38-first temperature sensor, 39-force sensor, 40-pillar, 41-support plate, 42-buffer spring, 43-buffer spring seat, 44-spring seat guide rod, 45-motor support frame, 46-valve lock clamp end cap, 47-valve guide.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a valve-race friction wear test device having multiple operation modes, which includes a lifter plate 1, a main cylinder 2, a cooling jacket 3, a valve 4, a race 5, a jack post 6, a gas supply assembly, an electromagnet group, a valve rotation mechanism, a lift drive mechanism, and a momentary impact mechanism 7.
The main cylinder body 2 is arranged on the lifting plate 1, the cooling water jacket 3, the air valve 4 and the seat ring 5 are arranged on the main cylinder body 1, the gas supply assembly and the electromagnet group are respectively connected with the main cylinder body 2, the air valve rotating mechanism is connected with the electromagnet group, the lifting plate 1 and the lifting driving mechanism are arranged between the upper base plate 8 and the lower base plate 9, the jacking column 6 and the instantaneous impact mechanism 7 are arranged on the bottom plate 10, and the bottom plate 10 is positioned below the lower base plate 9.
Further, the electromagnet group is arranged at the upper part of the lifting plate 1 and used for driving the valve 4 to move up and down so as to control the opening and closing (seating) of the valve, and comprises an upper polar plate 11, a lower polar plate 12, an armature 13, a first valve return spring 14 and a second valve return spring 15, wherein the upper polar plate 11, the lower polar plate 12 and the armature 13 are respectively connected with the main cylinder body 2, a valve guide rod is fixed on the armature 13, the valve 4 can move up and down along with the armature 13 in the test process, and the current and the energizing time of coils of the upper polar plate 11 and the lower polar plate 12 are controlled to control the opening and closing time and the lift of the valve 4, so that the paired test requirements of the valve 4 and the seat ring 5 with variable timing and variable lift can be met; the first valve return spring 14 is arranged between the upper polar plate 11 and the armature 13, the second valve return spring 15 is arranged between the lower polar plate 12 and the armature 13, and the first valve return spring 14 and the second valve return spring 15 can play a role in avoiding the direct impact of the armature 13 on coils of the upper polar plate 11 and the lower polar plate 12 to cause the damage of the electromagnet group; in addition, when the frictional wear test is performed under the condition of instantaneous impact and no valve seating, the coil is not energized, and only the instantaneous impact mechanism 7 acts, and at this time, the valve return spring 8 can timely return the valve 4.
Further, a displacement sensor 16 is installed on the armature 13, and the displacement sensor 16 can transmit coordinate data of the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the armature 13 to a control end, and the difference value of the coordinate data and the control end is the lift of the valve 4.
Further, the valve rotating mechanism is used for driving the valve 4 to rotate, and comprises a first motor 17, a sliding guide sleeve 18, a rotating shaft 19, a valve collet 20 and a second rolling bearing 21, wherein the valve collet 20 is fixed in the armature 13 to fix a valve guide rod, the valve collet 20 is in interference fit with the second rolling bearing 21, the sliding guide sleeve 18 is in spline connection with the end part of the rotating shaft 19, and therefore when the first motor 17 rotates, the rotating shaft 19 drives the valve 4 to rotate.
Further, the lifting driving mechanism is used for driving the lifting plate 1 to lift, and comprises a second motor 22, a ball screw 23, a belt pulley 24, a ratchet wheel 25 and a pawl 26, wherein the ball screw 23, the belt pulley 24, the ratchet wheel 25 and the pawl 26 are two and are symmetrically arranged on two sides, one belt pulley 24 is connected with the second motor 22, the two belt pulleys 24 are connected through a second transmission belt 27, the ball screw 23 is connected between the upper base plate 8 and the lower base plate 9, the lifting plate 1 is movably connected with the ball screw 23, the lifting plate 1 is specifically movably connected with the ball screw 23 through a screw nut, the belt pulley 24 is connected with the end part of the ball screw 23, the second motor 22 drives the ball screw 23 to rotate through the belt pulley 24, so that the screw nut moves up and down, and drives the lifting plate 1 to lift, so that the valve-seat ring is compressed and relaxed, namely the adjustment process of the test force; the ratchet wheel 25 and the pawl 26 are arranged at the end part of the ball screw 23 and serve as a locking mechanism, when the valve 4 and the seat ring 5 are pressed, and the force reaches a preset value, the pawl 26 automatically pops up to clamp the ratchet wheel 25, so that the ball screw 23 cannot rotate, the position of the lifting plate 1 is fixed, and the maximum value of the test force is unchanged.
Further, the gas supply assembly may simulate an actual combustion environment, and includes a gas combustion chamber 28, an ignition switch 29, a gas supply tank 30, a combustion exhaust gas recovery tank 31, a gas control valve 32, and a retractable seal cover 33, wherein the gas combustion chamber 28 is connected with the main cylinder 2, the ignition switch 29 is installed in the gas combustion chamber 28, the gas supply tank 30 is connected with the gas combustion chamber 28 through a gas input pipe 34, the combustion exhaust gas recovery tank 31 is connected with the gas combustion chamber 28 through a gas exhaust gas recovery pipe 35, the gas control valve 32 is disposed on the gas input pipe 34, and the retractable seal cover 33 is installed on the main cylinder 2 and seals the gas combustion chamber 28; when the high-temperature gas environment is simulated, the gas control valve 32 is opened to introduce gas, the ignition switch 29 is opened to form the high-temperature gas environment, and the high-temperature waste gas in the test can be collected by the combustion waste gas recovery box 31 through the telescopic sealing cover 33, so that the high-temperature waste gas is prevented from being discharged into the air to pollute the environment.
Further, an electromagnetic induction heating coil 36 is further arranged in the gas combustion chamber 28, the seat ring 5 is fixed on the main cylinder body 2 through a seat ring clamp 37, the seat ring 5 is specifically firstly installed on the seat ring clamp 37, then the seat ring clamp 37 is installed on the main cylinder body 2, a first temperature sensor 38 is installed on the seat ring clamp 37, a second temperature sensor is installed in the gas combustion chamber 28, and real-time data of temperatures of the seat ring 5 and the air valve 4 can be returned respectively; and according to the returned temperature data, the current of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 36 and the cooling water flow of the cooling water jacket 13 are adjusted, so that the temperature control of the air valve 4 and the seat ring 5 is completed.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the instantaneous impact mechanism 7 is used for driving the jack post 6, and comprises a main motor 701, a small belt pulley 702, a large belt pulley 703, a first transmission belt 704, a rotating wheel 705, a crankshaft 706, a connecting rod 707 and a spring limiting pin 708, wherein the main motor 701 is fixed on a motor supporting table 709, the main motor 701 is connected with the small belt pulley 702, the small belt pulley 702 is connected with the large belt pulley 703 through the first transmission belt 704, the large belt pulley 703 is connected with the rotating wheel 705 through the crankshaft 706 and the connecting rod 707, the shafts of the large belt pulley 703 and the rotating wheel 705 are arranged on a support 710, a first rolling bearing 711 is arranged on the support 710, the spring limiting pin 708 is used as a locking mechanism for limiting the rotating wheel 705, so that the positions of the rotating wheel 705 and the large belt pulley 703 can be fixed, and in order to ensure the position fixing of the rotating wheel 705 and the large belt pulley 703, a spring limiting pin 708 can be further arranged for limiting the large belt pulley 703.
Further, a speed and acceleration sensor is installed on the valve 4, in the process of testing, seating speed and seating acceleration data of the valve 4 can be transmitted back to a control end, so that dynamic characteristics of the seating process of the valve 4 can be analyzed conveniently, a force sensor 39 is installed on the jack post 6, and the force sensor 39 is connected to an upper computer, so that real-time data of test force can be detected.
In this embodiment, the bottom plate 10 is connected with the lower substrate 9 through the support post 40, in order to make the lower substrate 9 and the bottom plate 10, a support plate 41 is disposed between the lower substrate 9 and the bottom plate 10, the support plate 41 is connected with the support post 40, a buffer spring 42, a buffer spring seat 43 and a spring seat guide rod 44 are disposed between the lower substrate 9 and the support plate 41, the buffer spring seat 43 is fixedly connected with the lower substrate 9 and the support plate 41 through the spring seat guide rod 44, the buffer spring 42 is disposed on the buffer spring seat 43, the buffer spring 42 can convert rigid impact into flexible impact, so that the rigid impact can be effectively relieved, and the damage to the test stand is reduced; the first motor 17 and the second motor 22 are fixed on a motor support 45; the valve collet 20 is secured within the armature 13 by a valve collet end cap 46.
The working process and working principle of the valve-seat ring friction and wear test device of the embodiment are as follows: firstly, operating a first motor 17 to rotate, lifting a lifting plate 1, disassembling a seat ring clamp 37, loading a seat ring 5 used for testing into the seat ring clamp 37, and mounting the seat ring clamp 37 on a main cylinder body 2; the valve guide 47 is installed, the valve guide rod passes through the central hole of the valve guide 47, and the valve lock clamp 20 is installed in the groove at the tail part of the valve guide rod, so that the valve 4 can be fixed on the armature 13, and then moves along with the armature 13 in the vertical direction; the valve lock clamp 20 is in interference fit with the inner hole of the second rolling bearing 21, so that the rotary motion of the valve 4 can be ensured under the drive of the second motor 22; after the valve 4 and the seat ring 5 are installed, a telescopic sealing cover 33 is installed on the main cylinder body 2, so that high-temperature exhaust gas in the test is collected by a collecting device, and the exhaust gas is prevented from being discharged into the air to pollute the environment. Starting a heating device, and introducing high-temperature fuel gas to raise the temperatures of the valve 4 and the seat ring 5 until reaching a set value; temperature sensors (a first temperature sensor 38 and a second temperature sensor) for measuring the temperatures of the valve 4 and the seat ring 5 are respectively arranged in the gas combustion chamber 28 and the seat ring clamp 37, and if the valve temperature reaches a preset value and the seat ring temperature is too high, the cooling water flow rate can be adjusted to reduce the seat ring temperature.
The gas control valve 32 is opened to enable gas to be introduced into the gas combustion chamber 28, and simultaneously, the ignition switch 29 in the gas combustion chamber 28 is opened to enable the temperatures of the valve 4 and the seat ring 5 to rise; after the valve 4 and the seat ring 5 reach the preset temperature, the main motor 701 is controlled to rotate at the upper computer end, so that the crankshaft rotates to the lower dead center position, the jack post 6 is at the highest position at the moment, the spring limiting pin 708 is controlled to pop up, so that the rotating wheel 705 and the large belt wheel 703 are fixed in position and cannot rotate; the second motor 22 is controlled to rotate, so that the ball screw 23 rotates, the lifting plate 1 descends, the valve 4 contacts the surface of the seat ring 5 along with the descending of the lifting plate 1, the surface pressure is gradually increased, the real-time value of the pressure is transmitted back to the upper computer end through the force sensor 39 in the jacking column 6, when the pressure value reaches a set value, the first motor 17 stops running, meanwhile, the pawl 26 automatically pops up to clamp the ratchet wheel 27, so that the ball screw 23 cannot rotate, and the maximum value of the instantaneous impact force in the test is always a preset value; the power supply of the electromagnet group is connected, coils of the upper polar plate 11 and the lower polar plate 12 are electrified to generate a magnetic field, and the electrified time of the upper polar plate 11 and the lower polar plate 12 is adjusted according to the air distribution phase and the air lift specified by a test, so that the armature 13 drives the air valve 4 to move up and down, the rotating frequency of the main motor 701 is adjusted, and the electromagnet group is ensured to control the opening, closing and impact of the air valve 4 to be alternately performed.
After all test conditions are set, starting the motor 2 to enable the valve 4 to rotate, ensuring uniform abrasion and eliminating surface carbon; the locking mechanism is controlled to unlock, so that the spring limiting pin 708 is restored to the position, at the moment, the rotating wheel 705 and the large belt wheel 703 can freely rotate, the main motor 701 is started, and an impact test is carried out according to preset test conditions; the friction and wear test flow is used for simulating the friction and wear test flow of the real valve-seat ring friction pair under the actual working condition, namely the working condition under the environment of instantaneous impact, valve seating, valve rotation and high-temperature combustion atmosphere.
Simulation of valve-seat ring wear test procedure without transient impact, only under valve seating: the installation process of the valve 4, the seat ring 5 and other test components is consistent with the experimental flow; since no transient impact is performed, the valve 4 and the seat ring 5 do not need to be loaded before the test starts; starting the electromagnetic induction heating coil 36 or starting the gas valve and the ignition switch 29 to heat; after the temperature reaches a preset value, the electromagnet coils are electrified, and the upper polar plate 11 and the lower polar plate 12 are electrified alternately, so that the armature 13 moves up and down, and the seating process of the valve 4 is completed.
Simulating a valve-seat ring abrasion test step under the condition of no valve rotation: the shaft 19, which cooperates with the valve collet 20, is removed prior to testing, and the first motor 17, which controls the rotational movement of the valve, is disconnected from the valve collet 20, and the other steps are identical to the test steps described above.
Simulation of valve-seat wear test procedure without valve seating, with only transient impact: the installation process of the valve 4, the seat ring 5 and other test components is consistent with the experimental flow, and when the test is carried out, the power supply is disconnected with the electromagnet group, so that the electromagnet coil cannot be electrified, and the valve is reset only by the first valve reset spring 14 and the second valve reset spring 15.
Simulating a valve-seat ring abrasion test step in a combustion-free atmosphere environment: the gas control valve 32 and the ignition device are closed, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil 36 is used for heating, so that the abrasion test under the environment without combustion atmosphere can be comprehensively simulated.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and agreed otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the particular meaning of the terms above in this disclosure is for purposes of illustration only and is not intended to be the only embodiment.
In summary, the invention can realize multiple working modes, can independently control the valve rotation speed, the test temperature, the test force, the valve lift, the high-temperature fuel gas and the valve opening and closing period of the valve-seat ring test, is more close to the actual operation working condition of the valve-seat ring, and can select partial variables to carry out comparison test according to the requirement.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the present invention disclosed in the present invention patent, and all those skilled in the art belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The friction and wear test device for the valve-seat ring with the multiple working modes is characterized by comprising a lifting plate, a main cylinder body, a cooling water jacket, a valve, a seat ring, a jack post, a fuel gas supply assembly, an electromagnet group, a valve rotating mechanism, a lifting driving mechanism and a transient impact mechanism;
the main cylinder body is installed on the lifter plate, the cooling water jacket, the air valve and the seat ring are installed on the main cylinder body, the gas supply assembly and the electromagnet group are respectively connected with the main cylinder body, the electromagnet group is used for driving the air valve to move up and down, the air valve rotating mechanism is connected with the electromagnet group and is used for driving the air valve to rotate, the lifter plate and the lifter driving mechanism are arranged between the upper base plate and the lower base plate, the lifter driving mechanism is used for driving the lifter plate to lift, the jacking column and the instantaneous impact mechanism are installed on the bottom plate, the instantaneous impact mechanism is used for driving the jacking column, and the bottom plate is located below the lower base plate.
2. The valve-seat ring frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the valve rotating mechanism comprises a first motor, a sliding guide sleeve, a rotating shaft, a valve collet and a rolling bearing, the valve collet is fixed in an armature of the electromagnet group through a valve collet end cover to fix the valve guide rod, the valve collet is in interference fit with the rolling bearing, and the sliding guide sleeve is in spline connection with the end part of the rotating shaft, so that when the first motor rotates, the valve is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft.
3. The valve-seat ring frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnet group comprises an upper polar plate, a lower polar plate, an armature, a first valve return spring and a second valve return spring, the upper polar plate, the lower polar plate and the armature are respectively connected with the main cylinder body, the valve guide rod is fixed on the armature, and the lift and the opening and closing time of the valve are controlled through different current magnitudes and energizing time of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate; the first valve return spring is arranged between the upper polar plate and the armature, and the second valve return spring is arranged between the lower polar plate and the armature.
4. A valve-seat insert frictional wear test device as set forth in claim 3, wherein said armature has a displacement sensor mounted thereon.
5. The valve-seat ring frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the lift driving mechanism includes a second motor, a ball screw, a pulley, a ratchet and a pawl, the ball screw is connected between the upper base plate and the lower base plate, the lift plate is movably connected with the ball screw, the pulley is connected with an end portion of the ball screw, the second motor drives the ball screw to rotate through the pulley to drive the lift plate to lift, and the ratchet and the pawl are disposed at the end portion of the ball screw.
6. The valve-seat ring frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply assembly includes a gas combustion chamber connected to the main cylinder, an ignition switch installed in the gas combustion chamber, a gas supply tank connected to the gas combustion chamber through a gas input pipe, a gas recovery tank connected to the gas combustion chamber through a gas recovery pipe, a gas control valve provided on the gas input pipe, and a stretchable seal cover installed on the main cylinder and sealing the gas combustion chamber.
7. The valve-seat ring frictional wear test device according to claim 6, wherein an electromagnetic induction heating coil is further provided in the gas combustion chamber, the seat ring is fixed on the main cylinder body through a seat ring clamp, and temperature sensors are installed on the seat ring clamp and in the gas combustion chamber.
8. The valve-seat ring frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the instantaneous impact mechanism includes a main motor, a small pulley, a large pulley, a first transmission belt, a runner, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, and a spring stopper pin, the main motor is connected with the small pulley, the small pulley is connected with the large pulley through the first transmission belt, the large pulley is connected with the runner through the crankshaft and the connecting rod, and the spring stopper pin is used for stopping the runner, thereby fixing the positions of the runner and the large pulley.
9. A valve-seat insert frictional wear test device as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a speed and acceleration sensor is mounted on said valve and a force sensor is mounted on said post.
10. A valve-seat ring frictional wear test method, implemented based on the valve-seat ring frictional wear test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method comprises:
in the gas supply assembly, a gas control valve is opened to enable gas to be introduced into a gas combustion chamber, and an ignition switch in the gas combustion chamber is opened to enable the temperature of a valve and a seat ring part to rise;
after the valve and the seat ring reach the preset temperature, in the instantaneous impact mechanism, the main motor is controlled to rotate to enable the crankshaft to rotate to the lower dead center position, so that the jack post is at the highest position at the moment, the spring limiting pin is controlled to pop up, and the positions of the rotating wheel and the large belt wheel are fixed;
in the lifting driving mechanism, the second motor is controlled to rotate, so that the ball screw rotates, the lifting plate descends, the surface of the valve seat ring is contacted with the descending of the lifting plate, and the surface pressure is gradually increased; when the pressure value reaches a set value, the second motor stops running, and simultaneously, the pawl automatically pops up to clamp the ratchet wheel, so that the ball screw shaft cannot rotate, and the maximum value of the instantaneous impact force in the test is always a preset value;
switching on the power supply of the electromagnet group to enable coils of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate to be electrified to generate a magnetic field, and adjusting the electrifying time of the upper polar plate and the lower polar plate according to the air distribution phase and the air lift specified by a test, so that the armature drives the air valve to move up and down, the rotating frequency of the main motor is adjusted, and the electromagnet is ensured to control the air valve to be opened, closed and impacted alternately;
in the lifting driving mechanism, the second motor is started to enable the valve to rotate, the spring limiting pin is enabled to restore to the position, the rotating wheel and the large belt wheel can rotate freely at the moment, the main motor is started, and the impact test is carried out according to preset test conditions.
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| CN202310940610.9A CN116990177A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Valve-seat ring frictional wear test device and method with multiple working modes |
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| CN202310940610.9A CN116990177A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Valve-seat ring frictional wear test device and method with multiple working modes |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117686367A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-12 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Measuring method and measuring device for abrasion loss of valve retainer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117686367A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-12 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Measuring method and measuring device for abrasion loss of valve retainer |
| CN117686367B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-05-17 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Measuring method and measuring device for abrasion loss of valve retainer |
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