CN116987531B - Coal ash separator for coal gasification - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal ash separation device for coal gasification, which comprises a furnace body, a retention box and a separation barrel, wherein a grate is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body, the bottom of the grate is connected with an air inlet pipe, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the side wall of the grate; the top of the detention box is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body, the S-shaped bent pipe is arranged in the detention box, one end of the S-shaped bent pipe penetrates through the detention box and extends outwards to be connected with one end of the induced draft fan, the detention box and the S-shaped bent pipe are additionally arranged, so that the temperature carried in cinder particles and coal ash can be recycled to preheat oxygen or oxygen-containing gas entering the furnace body, the damage of heat in the furnace body is reduced, the cooperation of the cleaning assembly, the turning assembly and the separating assembly with the driving assembly can be sequentially realized, the pushing, turning and separating of cinder particles and coal ash can be reduced, the influence of flying coal ash on the surrounding environment caused by the combustion waste treatment of the furnace body is reduced, and the working safety of staff is effectively improved.

Description

Coal ash separator for coal gasification

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification equipment, in particular to a coal ash separation device for coal gasification.

Background

The coal gasification ash is solid residue formed by inorganic mineral substances in coal along with residual carbon particles in the coal through different physical-chemical conversion in the process of generating CO and H2 by incomplete combustion of the coal and oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, namely coal slag, wherein a large number of larger coal slag particles and a large number of coal ash are in the coal slag. The cinder particles and the cinder are discharged from the lower part of the furnace body and fall into the cinder lock hopper, so that the cinder particles and the cinder are collected, and when the cinder particles and the cinder quantity in the cinder lock hopper are more, the cinder lock hopper is cleaned by staff.

But the cinder granule and the cinder in the cinder lock hopper are cleared up, wherein the cinder can scatter in the space after discharging the boiler, can cause the air in have the raise dust, destroy the production environment, still probably cause the damage of equipment, be unfavorable for production, the cinder that the diffuseness is in the sky can cause very big harm to organs such as surrounding staff's respiratory tract and eyes, the cinder is easy to cause the emergence that leads to diseases such as bronchitis, asthma and emphysema through breathing entering in vivo, this kind will cinder granule and cinder mixed emission process to the healthy influence of staff, the cinder granule surface temperature that drops by the furnace body is higher, directly discharges it and easily causes the waste of energy.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a coal ash separator for coal gasification capable of realizing separate discharge of coal ash and utilizing a surface temperature of cinder particles.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the coal ash separating device for coal gasification comprises a furnace body, a detention box and a separating cylinder, wherein a grate is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body, the bottom of the grate is connected with an air inlet pipe, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the side wall of the grate; the top of the detention box is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body, an S-shaped bent pipe is arranged in the detention box, one end of the S-shaped bent pipe penetrates through the detention box and extends outwards to be connected with one end of a draught fan, the other end of the draught fan is connected with an air inlet pipe, the other end of the S-shaped bent pipe penetrates through the detention box and extends outwards, a cleaning component is arranged above the S-shaped bent pipe, a collecting box is arranged below the detention box in a communicating manner, a plugging component is arranged between the collecting box and the detention box, a turning component is arranged in the collecting box, an air outlet pipe is arranged at one end of the collecting box, a box body is arranged on the air outlet pipe in a communicating manner, and an induced air blade is arranged in the box and connected with a driving component; the inside of separating tube is equipped with separating assembly, just one side of separating tube with the one end of outlet duct is linked together, the top one side intercommunication of separating tube is equipped with the blast pipe, the other end and the dust fall subassembly of blast pipe are connected, through addding detention box, collecting box and S type return bend, can realize carrying out recycle to the temperature that carries in cinder granule and the coal ash and carry out preheating treatment to getting into the inside oxygen of furnace body or oxygen-containing gas, reduce the inside thermal harm of furnace body, clean the cooperation of subassembly, flip subassembly and separating assembly and actuating assembly simultaneously, can realize promoting to cinder granule and coal ash in proper order, flip, the separation, reduce the content of coal ash in the cinder granule, cause the coal ash to fly upward to the surrounding environment when avoiding the staff to the waste treatment of furnace body burning, the effectual security that improves staff' S work, the dust fall subassembly can carry out humidification, the dust removal purification again to the air of cinder after cinder granule and the coal ash separation, the security of discharging air has effectively been improved.

Preferably, the cleaning assembly comprises a moving rod arranged above the S-shaped bent pipe, scraping plates are fixedly arranged on two sides of the lower portion of the moving rod at equal distances, a cleaning brush is fixedly arranged between every two scraping plates and located on the moving rod, one end of the moving rod is fixedly provided with a first moving block, the first moving block is sleeved on a first reciprocating screw rod in a threaded mode, one end of the first reciprocating screw rod penetrates through the retention box and extends outwards to be connected with the driving assembly, the other end of the first moving block is slidably provided with a guide rod, the other end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the retention box, and the cleaning assembly can achieve the effect of pushing and dropping coal cinder particles and coal ash received on the S-shaped bent pipe, so that excessive accumulation of the coal cinder particles and the coal ash above the coal cinder particles is avoided.

Preferably, the turnover assembly comprises a second reciprocating screw rod arranged in the collection box, a second moving block is sleeved on the second reciprocating screw rod in a threaded mode, a cross rod is fixedly arranged on one side of the second moving block, shovel plates are fixedly arranged on two sides of the cross rod, one end of the second reciprocating screw rod penetrates through the collection box and extends outwards to be connected with the driving assembly, and the turnover assembly can turnover coal ash in the collected falling coal cinder particles to enable the coal ash to fly inside the collection box, so that the coal ash is led out conveniently, and separation of coal cinder and coal ash is achieved.

Preferably, the separation assembly comprises a rotating shaft arranged in the separation barrel, separation blades are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft at equal intervals, one end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the top of the separation barrel and extends outwards to be fixedly connected with the first gear, one side of the first gear is connected with the driving assembly, one end of the bottom of the separation barrel is communicated with the dust collecting box, and the separation assembly can separate the coal ash after mixing the extracted coal ash with air.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a motor, the output of motor be equipped with first gear engaged with second gear, the opposite side meshing of second gear is equipped with the third gear, the fixed axostylus axostyle that is equipped with in centre of third gear, the one end of axostylus axostyle is fixed in proper order to be equipped with first worm and second worm, the both sides of first worm are equipped with first worm wheel and second worm wheel respectively, first worm wheel fixed cover is located the one end of first reciprocating screw, the second worm wheel pass through the bull stick with induced air leaf is connected, one side meshing of second worm is equipped with the third worm wheel, the fixed cover of third worm wheel is located the one end of second reciprocating screw, driving assembly can realize driving cleaning assembly, turning assembly and separating assembly's simultaneous movement work simultaneously, and the input of reduction equipment is used, has reduced the input of cost.

Preferably, the dust settling component comprises a dust settling box communicated with one end of the exhaust pipe, an exhaust port is arranged at the top of the dust settling box, an air outlet cover is arranged in the dust settling box, one end of the air outlet cover is communicated with the exhaust pipe, a stirring shaft is arranged below the air outlet cover, stirring blades are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the stirring shaft at equal intervals, and one end of the stirring shaft extends outwards and is connected with the transmission component; the dust fall subassembly is still including locating give vent to anger cover top branch pipe, every one side of branch pipe all is equipped with the shower nozzle, the one end of branch pipe runs through dust fall case and outwards extend and be linked together with the delivery pipe, be equipped with first check valve on the delivery pipe, the one end and the one end of piston tube are connected, one side intercommunication of piston tube is equipped with the inlet tube, be equipped with the second check valve on the inlet tube, the other end of inlet tube with the bottom of dust fall case is linked together, the inside of piston tube is equipped with the piston, one side of piston is fixed and is equipped with the piston rod, the other end and the transmission subassembly of piston rod are connected, wherein the inside of dust fall case is equipped with filter equipment, and dust fall subassembly can realize carrying out humidification dust removal purification once more to the exhaust air after the coal ash separation, has improved the security of exhaust air.

Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises transmission teeth fixedly arranged at one end of the stirring shaft, a first rack plate is meshed with one side above the transmission teeth, and one end of the first rack plate is fixedly connected with one end of the piston rod; the transmission assembly further comprises fourth gears which are arranged on one side below the transmission teeth and are two in number, the two fourth gears are meshed with each other, the fourth gears are connected with the outer side wall of the dust box in a rotating mode through mounting shafts, half gears meshed with the transmission teeth are fixedly arranged on the mounting shafts, teeth of the half gears are arranged in a staggered mode, one of the teeth of the half gears is fixedly provided with driven teeth, one side of the driven teeth is located on one end of the second reciprocating screw rod, driving teeth are fixedly arranged on one end of the second reciprocating screw rod, the driven teeth are connected with the driving teeth through toothed chain meshing, and the transmission assembly can achieve reciprocating motion of driving the stirring shaft and the piston rod simultaneously.

Preferably, the shutoff subassembly is including locating the collecting box with the shutoff board of detention case intercommunication department, the shutoff board is fixed to be located on the turnover rod, the one end of turnover rod runs through the collecting box and outwards extend and fifth gear fixed connection, one side and the second rack board meshing of fifth gear are connected, the other end hydraulic stem of second rack board is connected, the other end and the pneumatic cylinder of hydraulic stem are connected, and the shutoff subassembly can be realized opening and shutting to the intercommunication department between detention case and the collecting box, reduces the inside heat loss of furnace body.

Preferably, the filter component is including locating the dust fall incasement portion just is located the filter screen of stirring leaf below, the below of filter screen is equipped with the rubble layer, the below of rubble layer is equipped with the mud sand bed, the below of mud sand bed is equipped with activated carbon adsorption otter board, and the filter component can realize filtering the back cyclic utilization to the inside liquid water of dust fall case.

Preferably, the inside of dust collection box is equipped with the dust collection sack, the one end of dust collection sack pass through the ribbon with the bottom of separating tube is connected, one side of furnace body is fixed to be equipped with the support, the motor is located on the support, just one side of axostylus axostyle with the support rotates to be connected, one side of first rack board is fixed to be equipped with spacing, spacing slip is located in the spacing groove, the spacing groove is located the lateral wall of dust collection box, one side of collecting box just is located the tip of outlet duct is equipped with the protection network, and the dust collection sack can be realized collecting the dust that drops to the separation, makes things convenient for staff's aftertreatment, and one side of furnace body is fixed to be equipped with the support simultaneously can be to the axostylus axostyle, has increased the security of using, and one side of first rack board is equipped with spacing, and spacing slip locates in the spacing groove, has increased the stability of first rack board motion, is equipped with the protection network in one side of outlet duct, avoids the coal cinder granule to get to it and blocks.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the existing coal ash separation device for coal gasification is optimized, the retention box, the collection box and the S-shaped bent pipe are additionally arranged, so that the temperature carried in coal cinder particles and coal ash can be recycled, the oxygen or oxygen-containing gas entering the furnace body is preheated, the damage of heat in the furnace body is reduced, meanwhile, the sweeping component, the turning component and the separation component are matched with the driving component, the pushing, turning and separation of the coal cinder particles and the coal ash can be sequentially realized, the content of the coal ash in the coal cinder particles is reduced, the influence of flying coal ash on the surrounding environment caused by the coal ash when the furnace body is used for combustion waste treatment by workers is avoided, the working safety of the workers is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the dust falling component can humidify and remove dust and purify the air of the coal ash after the separation of the coal cinder particles and the coal ash, and the safety of discharged air is effectively improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the driving assembly, the sweeping assembly, the turning assembly and the separating assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection between the driving assembly and the transmission assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a driving assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the sweeping assembly and the flipping assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure between the drive teeth and the half gear of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a closure assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the furnace body, retention tank and collection tank of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a separator cartridge of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a dust box in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 13 is a side sectional view of the dust removing box in the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a furnace body; 2. a grate; 3. an air inlet pipe; 4. a retention tank; 5. s-shaped bent pipe; 6. a collection box; 7. an air outlet pipe; 8. a case; 9. wind-guiding blades; 10. a separation cylinder; 11. an exhaust pipe; 12. a scraper; 13. a cleaning brush; 14. a first moving block; 15. a first reciprocating screw rod; 16. a guide rod; 17. a second reciprocating screw rod; 18. a second moving block; 19. a cross bar; 20. a shovel plate; 21. a rotation shaft; 22. separating leaves; 23. a first gear; 24. a dust collection box; 25. a motor; 26. a second gear; 27. a third gear; 28. a shaft lever; 29. a first worm; 30. a second worm; 31. a first worm wheel; 32. a second worm wheel; 33. a rotating rod; 34. a third worm wheel; 35. a dust box; 36. an air outlet cover; 37. a stirring shaft; 38. stirring the leaves; 39. a branch pipe; 40. a spray head; 41. a water supply pipe; 42. a piston cylinder; 43. a water inlet pipe; 44. a piston rod; 45. a drive tooth; 46. a first rack plate; 47. a fourth gear; 48. a mounting shaft; 49. a half gear; 50. driven teeth; 51. a driving tooth; 52. a toothed chain; 53. a plugging plate; 54. turning over the rod; 55. a fifth gear; 56. a second rack plate; 57. a hydraulic cylinder; 58. a filter screen; 59. a crushed stone layer; 60. a mud layer; 61. an activated carbon adsorption screen; 62. a dust collecting cloth bag; 63. a bracket; 64. an induced draft fan; 65. a moving rod; 66. a piston; 67. and a protective net.

Detailed Description

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-13, a coal ash separation device for coal gasification in the drawings comprises a furnace body 1, a retention box 4 and a separation barrel 10, wherein a grate 2 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, the bottom of the grate 2 is connected with an air inlet pipe 3, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the side wall of the grate 2; the top of the retention tank 4 is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body 1, one end of an S-shaped bent pipe 5,S type bent pipe 5 arranged in the retention tank 4 penetrates through the retention tank 4 and extends outwards to be connected with one end of an induced draft fan 64, the other end of the induced draft fan 64 is connected with an air inlet pipe 3, the other end of the S-shaped bent pipe 5 penetrates through the retention tank 4 and extends outwards, a cleaning component is arranged above the S-shaped bent pipe 5, the cleaning component comprises a movable rod 65 arranged above the S-shaped bent pipe 5, scraping plates 12 are fixedly arranged on two sides below the movable rod 65 at equal distances, a cleaning brush 13 is fixedly arranged between two adjacent scraping plates 12 and positioned on the movable rod 65, one end of the movable rod 65 is fixedly provided with a first movable block 14, the first movable block 14 is sleeved on a first reciprocating screw rod 15 in a threaded mode, one end of the first reciprocating screw rod 15 penetrates through the retention tank 4 and extends outwards to be connected with a driving component, the other end of the first moving block 14 is provided with a guide rod 16 in a sliding manner, the other end of the guide rod 16 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the detention box 4, a collecting box 6 is communicated below the detention box 4, a plugging component is arranged in the communication of the collecting box 6 and the detention box 4, a turning component is arranged in the collecting box 6, the turning component comprises a second reciprocating screw rod 17 arranged in the collecting box 6, a second moving block 18 is sleeved on the second reciprocating screw rod 17 in a threaded manner, a cross rod 19 is fixedly arranged on one side of the second moving block 18, shovel plates 20 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the cross rod 19, one end of the second reciprocating screw rod 17 penetrates through the collecting box 6 and extends outwards to be connected with a driving component, an air outlet pipe 7 is arranged at one end of the collecting box 6, a box body 8 is communicated on the air outlet pipe 7, a wind guiding blade 9 is arranged in the box 8, and the wind guiding blade 9 is connected with the driving component; the inside of separating drum 10 is equipped with the separation subassembly, wherein the separation subassembly is including locating the inside rotation axis 21 of separating drum 10, equidistant fixed separation leaf 22 that is equipped with on the rotation axis 21, the one end of rotation axis 21 runs through the top of separating drum 10 and outwards extends and first gear 23 fixed connection, one side of first gear 23 is connected with drive assembly, the bottom one end of separating drum 10 is linked together with dust collection box 24, and one side of separating drum 10 is linked together with the one end of outlet duct 7, the top one side intercommunication of separating drum 10 is equipped with blast pipe 11, the other end and the dust fall subassembly of blast pipe 11 are connected.

Referring to fig. 2-8, the driving assembly in the drawing includes a motor 25, a second gear 26 meshed with the first gear 23 is disposed at an output end of the motor 25, a third gear 27 is disposed at another side of the second gear 26, a shaft lever 28 is fixedly disposed in the middle of the third gear 27, a first worm 29 and a second worm 30 are sequentially and fixedly disposed at one end of the shaft lever 28, a first worm wheel 31 and a second worm wheel 32 are disposed at two sides of the first worm 29, the first worm wheel 31 is fixedly sleeved at one end of the first reciprocating screw 15, the second worm wheel 32 is connected with the induced air blade 9 through a rotating rod 33, a third worm wheel 34 is disposed at one side of the second worm 30 in a meshed manner, and the third worm wheel 34 is fixedly sleeved at one end of the second reciprocating screw 17.

When the coal ash separation device for coal gasification is used: firstly, feeding coal through a feed hopper above a furnace body 1, burning the coal on a grate 2 after the coal enters the furnace body 1, wherein oxygen can be added or oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the grate 2 through an air inlet pipe 3 in the burning process, so that oxygen can be provided for the burning of the coal, and meanwhile, an annular pipe is arranged around the grate 2 in the installation process, and a steam nozzle is arranged on the annular pipe, so that steam can be conveniently sprayed on a burning object, and the coal is incompletely burned to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen; when the air intake pipe 3 is provided to the grate 2, the other end of the air intake pipe 3 communicates with the S-bend 5, and the S-bend 5 is mounted inside the retention tank 4.

The coal on the fire grate 2 forms cinder granule and coal ash and will drop the below of furnace body 1 through fire grate 2 after burning, drop the inside of detaining case 4 by the below of furnace body 1 again, because S type return bend 5 is installed in the inside of detaining case 4, can realize that cinder granule and the coal ash that drops will drop S type return bend 5, because cinder granule and the coal ash that drop carry the temperature, this temperature can heat the surface of S type return bend 5, make S type return bend 5 have the temperature, can go through the oxygen of S type return bend 5 or contain oxygen can play the effect to gas preheating after contacting its inner wall, avoid cold gas to enter into the inside temperature reduction of furnace body 1 in the furnace body, cause the heat loss of furnace body 1 inside, the effectual inside heat stability of furnace body 1 that has improved, can realize the reasonable use to cinder granule and coal ash surface heat' S utilization simultaneously, the waste of heat loss has been reduced, the convenience of effective energy recycle has been improved.

The cinder particles and the cinder falling onto the S-shaped bent pipe 5 are cleaned and fall under the drive of the cleaning component and stop in the detention box 4, heating of the lower part of the S-shaped bent pipe 5 can be achieved, the cleaning component is connected with the driving component, when the motor 25 in the driving component is started, the motor 25 starts to drive the second gear 26 at the output end to rotate, one side of the second gear 26 is meshed with the third gear 27, the third gear 27 can be driven to rotate, the shaft lever 28 can be driven to rotate when the third gear 27 rotates due to the fact that the third gear 27 is fixedly sleeved on the shaft lever 28, the shaft lever 28 is provided with the first worm 29, the rotation of the first worm 29 can be synchronously driven, one side of the first worm 29 is meshed with the first worm gear 31, the rotation of the first worm 29 can be achieved, and the rotation of the first worm gear 31 can be driven, the first worm wheel 31 is fixedly sleeved on the first reciprocating screw 15, so that the first reciprocating screw 15 can be driven to rotate, the first reciprocating screw 15 can be driven to rotate and is sleeved with the first moving block 14 to move by threads, the moving rod 65 is fixedly arranged on one side of the first moving block 14, one end of the moving rod 65 is slidably provided with the guide rod 16, the first moving block 14 can be limited, the first reciprocating screw 15 is driven to reciprocate above the first moving block 14 while rotating, the scraper 12 and the cleaning brush 13 on the moving rod 65 are driven to clean and scoop coal cinder particles and coal ash falling above the S-shaped bent pipe 5 while reciprocating the first moving block 14, so that the coal cinder particles and the coal ash fall to the bottom of the detention box 4 are blocked by the bottom of the detention box 4 through the blocking component and the collecting box 6, so that the cinder particles and the cinder can stay at the bottom of the retention box 4 when falling, and the cinder particles and the cinder with temperature can heat the lower part of the S-shaped bent pipe 5 at the moment, so that the S-shaped bent pipe 5 can be subjected to up-and-down heat transfer, the convenience for oxygen or oxygen-containing gas waste heat entering the S-shaped bent pipe 5 is improved, and meanwhile, the cinder particles and the cinder above the S-shaped bent pipe 5 can be cleaned, and the accumulation above the cinder particles and the cinder is avoided; when the cinder and the coal ash at the bottom of the detention box 4 are more, the plugging component is opened at the moment to enable the detention box 4 and the collection box 6 to be communicated, so that the cinder particles and the coal ash inside the detention box 4 can fall into the collection box 6, the cinder particles and the coal ash inside the detention box 4 are cleaned, and then the plugging component is closed.

After the cinder particles and the cinder fall into the collecting box 6, the cinder particles and the cinder are turned by the turning assembly, so that the cinder flies inside the collecting box 6, during turning, the turning assembly is connected with the driving assembly, a shaft lever 28 in the driving assembly is provided with a second worm 30, one side of the second worm 30 is meshed with a third worm wheel 34, so that the shaft lever 28 can rotate to drive the second worm 30 to rotate, the second worm 30 is meshed to drive the third worm wheel 34 to rotate, and the third worm wheel 34 is fixedly arranged on the second reciprocating screw 17, so that the movement of the second reciprocating screw 17 can be driven, and the second reciprocating screw 17 can be driven to reciprocate above the second moving block 18 due to the fact that the second moving block 17 is arranged on the thread, and a cross rod 19 on one side can be driven to move during the movement of the second moving block 18, and the shovel plates 20 on two sides can be driven to turn the cinder particles and the cinder inside the collecting box 6, so that the cinder can fly inside the collecting box; in this embodiment, the movement of the cross bar 19 is a reciprocating translation, firstly, the cross bar 19 is connected to the second reciprocating screw 17 through the second moving block 18, that is, the reciprocating translation movement is performed according to the second reciprocating screw 17, in this embodiment, due to the self gravity and space limitation of the cross bar 19 and the structures such as the shovel 20 arranged on the cross bar 19, those skilled in the art should understand that the second reciprocating screw 17 can drive the cross bar 19 and the shovel 20 to perform a translation rather than a rotation movement, in order to further ensure the translation of the cross bar 19, or structures such as a guide rail or a guide groove (not shown) can be arranged inside the collecting box 6 to limit the movable end of the cross bar 19 (that is, the opposite end to the connection end of the second reciprocating screw 17) so that the cross bar 19 can only move in a linear direction; meanwhile, in order to ensure balance, the connection part of the cross rod 19 and the second reciprocating screw rod 17 can be closed to the central position of the cross rod 19, and in the drawing of the embodiment, the connection part of the cross rod 19 and the second reciprocating screw rod is only convenient to express, and the position can be adjusted to a certain degree according to the smoothness in actual use.

Meanwhile, dust can be discharged into the separating cylinder 10 through the air outlet pipe 7 communicated with one end of the collecting box 6, meanwhile, the induced air blade 9 in the box body 8 on the air outlet pipe 7 rotates under the drive of the driving component, fly ash in the collecting box 6 is introduced into the separating cylinder 10, one side of the induced air blade 9 is connected with the second worm wheel 32 through the rotating rod 33, the second worm wheel 32 is meshed and connected with the first worm 29 in the driving component, the rotation of the second worm wheel 32 can be realized when the first worm 29 rotates, the rotating rod 33 is driven to rotate so as to rotate the induced air blade 9, fly ash in the collecting box 6 is introduced into the separating cylinder 10, the separating cylinder 10 is a conical pile, the rotating shaft 21 is arranged in the separating cylinder 10, the separating blade 22 is arranged on the rotating shaft 21, one end of the rotating shaft 21 penetrates through the separating cylinder 10 to extend outwards and is fixedly connected with the first gear 23, because the first gear 23 is meshed with the second gear 26 in the driving assembly, the first gear 23 is driven to rotate when the second gear 26 rotates, the first gear 23 can drive the rotating rod shaft to rotate and drive the separating blades 22 to rotate in the separating cylinder 10, the air in the separating cylinder 10 can rotate at high speed, the high-speed rotating air flow can generate spiral air flow in the separating cylinder 10, the air flow entering the separating cylinder 10 through the linear motion of the air outlet pipe 7 and the air mixing of the ash and the coal ash can be centrifugally moved, the coal ash is thrown out of the inner wall of the separating cylinder 10 under the action of centrifugal force in the rotating process of the coal ash to cause impact and drop, and slides into the dust collecting box 24 to separate the coal ash carried in the air, and at the moment, the centrifugal sedimentation treatment of the coal ash in the air can be realized, simultaneously, the spiral airflow is rotationally lifted and discharged out of the separating cylinder 10 through the exhaust pipe 11, enters the dust fall box 35, the dust fall assembly in the dust fall box 35 is used for humidifying, dust falling and purifying air, the overturning assembly is used for continuously overturning the mixture of coal cinder particles and coal ash, so that the coal ash can be continuously diffused in the collecting box 6 and continuously led out through the induced air blades 9, the coal ash in the coal cinder particles can be removed, when a worker cleans the coal cinder particles, the collecting box 6 is opened to clean the coal cinder particles, the flying of the coal ash in the surrounding air is reduced, the operation can be realized for separately collecting and treating the coal cinder particles and the coal ash in coal cinder and coal ash mixed waste produced by coal gasification, the flying of the coal cinder particles and the coal ash caused in the coal cinder mixed waste during treatment after the coal cinder particles and the coal ash are prevented, the influence on the body health of the worker is avoided, the influence on the surrounding environment is avoided, and the cleanliness of the surrounding environment is effectively improved.

The device simple structure can carry out recycle to entering the inside oxygen of furnace body 1 or contain oxygen gas and preheat the processing through setting up detention case 4, collection box 6 and S type return bend 5 to the temperature that carries in cinder granule and the coal ash, reduce the inside thermal harm of furnace body 1, clean the subassembly simultaneously, turn the cooperation of subassembly and separation subassembly and drive assembly and use, can realize promoting cinder granule and coal ash in proper order, turn, the separation, reduce the content of coal ash in the cinder granule, avoid the staff to cause the coal ash to fly upward to the surrounding environment when handling the waste of burning of furnace body 1 to influence, the effectual security that improves the staff work, dust fall subassembly can carry out humidification cooling, dust removal purification once more to the air of cinder granule and coal ash after the separation, the security of air-out has effectively been improved.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1-13, this embodiment further illustrates example 1, in which a grate 2 is disposed on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, the bottom of the grate 2 is connected with an air inlet pipe 3, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed on the side wall of the grate 2, the top of the stagnation box 4 is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body 1, one end of an S-shaped bent pipe 5,S type bent pipe 5 disposed in the stagnation box 4 penetrates through the stagnation box 4 and extends outwards to be connected with one end of an induced draft fan 64, the other end of the induced draft fan 64 is connected with the air inlet pipe 3, the other end of the S-shaped bent pipe 5 penetrates through the stagnation box 4 and extends outwards, a cleaning component is disposed above the S-shaped bent pipe 5, a collecting box 6 is disposed under the stagnation box 4 and is communicated with the stagnation box 4, a plugging component is disposed in the collecting box 6, an air outlet pipe 7 is disposed on one end of the collecting box 6, a box 8 is disposed in the interior of the box 8 and is connected with a driving component; the inside of separating tube 10 is equipped with the separation subassembly, and separating tube 10 one side is linked together with the one end of outlet duct 7, and separating tube 10's top one side intercommunication is equipped with blast pipe 11, and the other end and the dust fall subassembly of blast pipe 11 are connected.

Referring to fig. 1-5, 7 and 12-13, the dust settling assembly in the drawings comprises a dust settling box 35 communicated with one end of an exhaust pipe 11, an exhaust port is arranged at the top of the dust settling box 35, an air outlet cover 36 is arranged in the dust settling box 35, one end of the air outlet cover 36 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 11, a stirring shaft 37 is arranged below the air outlet cover 36, stirring blades 38 are fixedly arranged at equal distance on the outer side of the stirring shaft 37, and one end of the stirring shaft 37 extends outwards to be connected with a transmission assembly; the dust fall subassembly is still including locating exhaust hood 36 top branch pipe 39, one side of every branch pipe 39 all is equipped with shower nozzle 40, the one end of branch pipe 39 runs through dust fall case 35 and outwards extends and be linked together with delivery pipe 41, be equipped with first check valve on the delivery pipe 41, the one end of delivery pipe 41 is connected with the one end of piston tube 42, one side intercommunication of piston tube 42 is equipped with inlet tube 43, be equipped with the second check valve on the inlet tube 43, the other end of inlet tube 43 is linked together with the bottom of dust fall case 35, the inside of piston tube 42 is equipped with piston 66, the fixed piston rod 44 that is equipped with in one side of piston 66, the other end and the transmission subassembly of piston rod 44 are connected, wherein the inside of dust fall case 35 is equipped with filter assembly.

Referring to fig. 1-5, 7 and 12, the transmission assembly in the drawings includes a transmission gear 45 fixedly arranged at one end of the stirring shaft 37, a first rack plate 46 is engaged at one side above the transmission gear 45, and one end of the first rack plate 46 is fixedly connected with one end of the piston rod 44; the transmission assembly further comprises a fourth gear 47 which is arranged on one side below the transmission teeth 45 and is two in number, the two fourth gears 47 are meshed with each other, the fourth gears 47 are rotationally connected with the outer side wall of the dust box 35 through mounting shafts 48, half gears 49 meshed with the transmission teeth 45 are fixedly arranged on the mounting shafts 48, teeth of the two half gears 49 are arranged in a staggered mode, one end of one mounting shaft 48 is fixedly provided with driven teeth 50, one side of each driven tooth 50 is fixedly provided with driving teeth 51 at one end of the second reciprocating screw rod 17, and the driven teeth 50 are meshed with the driving teeth 51 through toothed chains 52.

In this embodiment, before the air at the other end of the exhaust pipe 11 is exhausted, the air is required to be humidified and purified and then exhausted, the air exhausted by the spiral airflow in the separating cylinder 10 is sent into the dust settling tank 35 through the exhaust pipe 11, the air outlet cover 36 at the other end of the exhaust pipe 11 is uniformly exhausted into the dust settling tank 35, at this time, the stirring shaft 37 in the dust settling tank 35 and below the air outlet cover 36 is driven to rotate by the transmission gear 45 in the transmission assembly, the stirring shaft 37 rotates and can drive the stirring blade 38 on the stirring shaft 37 to rotate, the stirring blade 38 rotates and can squeeze the liquid water in the dust settling tank 35, so that the liquid water can be in contact between the air exhausted from the air in the dust settling tank 35 and the liquid water in the dust settling tank 35, the dust falls on the surface of the liquid water in the dust settling tank 35 after the dust rainwater, and the stirring blade 38 can drive the stirring blade to scatter the dust in the liquid water, and the preliminary sedimentation of the exhausted dust can be realized.

The driving teeth 51 in the transmission assembly are fixedly sleeved on the second reciprocating screw rod 17, the second reciprocating screw rod 17 rotates under the drive of the driving assembly, the rotation of the second reciprocating screw rod 17 can be realized, the driving teeth 51 drive the rotation of the driving teeth 51, the driven teeth 50 fixed on one of the mounting shafts 48 are connected in a meshed manner through the toothed chain 52, the rotation of the driven teeth 50 can be driven by the rotation of the driving teeth 51 while the driven teeth 52 drive the rotation of the mounting shafts 48, the rotation of one of the fourth gears 47 can be realized due to the fact that the fourth gears 47 are mounted on the mounting shafts 48, the rotation of the other fourth gear 47 can be driven due to the engagement between the fourth gears 47 and the fourth gears 47 on the other mounting shafts 48, and the rotation of the other mounting shafts 48 is synchronously driven, so that the reverse rotation between the two mounting shafts 48 is realized, and the half gears 49 are mounted at the end parts of the two mounting shafts 48, and the teeth of the half gears 49 are arranged in a staggered manner.

After one of the mounting shafts 48 drives the half gear 49 to be meshed with and separated from the transmission gear 45, the other mounting shaft 48 drives the half gear 49 to rotate to one side of the transmission gear 45, so that the half gear 49 is meshed with the transmission gear 45, the transmission gear 45 is rotated, and the transmission gear 45 is rotated in one direction; when the half gear 49 meshed with the driving gear 45 is separated from the driving gear 45, and the driving gear 51 continuously drives the driven gear 50 to rotate through the toothed chain 52, the mounting shaft 48 continuously drives the other mounting shaft 48 to rotate through the engagement of the fourth gear 47, and the half gear 49 at one end of the mounting shaft 48 is meshed with the driving gear 45 again, and the two half gears 49 can rotate reversely due to the reverse rotation between the two mounting shafts 48, so that the rotating half gear 49 drives the driving gear 45 to rotate reversely towards the other direction, the rotation of the driving gear 45 is realized, and the reciprocating rotation of the driving gear 45 can be realized.

Because the transmission gear 45 is fixedly arranged on one side of the stirring shaft 37, the stirring shaft 37 can be driven to rotate when the transmission gear 45 rotates, the stirring shaft 37 can drive the stirring blade 38 to rotate so as to squeeze liquid water in the dust fall box 35, and simultaneously, the stirring shaft 37 rotates, and simultaneously, one side of the transmission gear 45 is meshed with the first rack plate 46, so that the transmission gear 45 can drive the first rack plate 46 to rotate when the transmission gear 45 rotates, and the transmission gear 45 can drive the first rack plate 46 to push and pull the outer side wall of the dust fall box 35 to reciprocate, and when the first rack plate 46 realizes the push and pull reciprocation, a piston rod 44 at one end can be driven to drive a piston 66 to push and pull the inside of the piston cylinder 42 so as to change the pressure in the piston cylinder 42 and suck the liquid water in the dust fall box 35.

When the piston rod 44 is pulled outwards to drive the piston 66 to move outwards, at the moment, a first one-way valve on the water supply pipe 41 communicated with one end of the piston cylinder 42 is closed, a second one-way valve on the water inlet pipe 43 communicated with one end of the piston cylinder 42 is opened, when the piston 66 is pulled outwards, the internal space of the piston cylinder 42 is enlarged, the internal pressure is lowered, and therefore liquid water in the dust fall tank 35 can be pumped into the piston cylinder 42 through the water inlet pipe 43, and the water storage process of the piston cylinder 42 is realized; when the piston rod 44 pushes the piston 66 to move towards the inside of the piston cylinder 42, at this time, the first one-way valve on the water supply pipe 41 is opened, the second one-way valve on the water inlet pipe 43 is closed, liquid water in the piston cylinder 42 is discharged by the water supply pipe 41 under the pushing of the piston 66 and is sent into the branch pipe 39 communicated with the other end of the water supply pipe 41, and then sprayed out by the spray head 40 on the branch pipe 39, so that diffused air in the dust reducing box 35 can be humidified, dust carried in the air is reduced, and when the air discharged from the exhaust pipe 11 is diffused above the air outlet cover 36, the spray head 40 carries out secondary humidification and dust removal, so that the cleanliness of the air discharged from the top air outlet of the dust reducing box 35 is effectively improved, the dust carrying with dust can be reduced to the dust with temperature, the safety of the discharged air is effectively improved, the neatness of surrounding air is increased, and the safety of working environment of workers is effectively improved.

The driving force on the driving assembly can be transmitted to the mounting shaft 48 through the main gear, the auxiliary gear and the toothed chain 52 through the transmission assembly, the mounting shaft 48 can be driven to rotate simultaneously, the fourth gear 47 and the half gear 49 on the mounting shaft 48 drive the transmission teeth 45 to rotate, the stirring shaft 37 can be driven to repeatedly rotate and the reciprocating push and pull of the piston rod 44 can be realized, the convenience of the stirring shaft 37 and the push and pull motion is improved, the input use of driving equipment is reduced, and the input of cost can be reduced.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 1-13, this embodiment further illustrates another example, in which a furnace body 1, a retention tank 4 and a separating tube 10 are shown, a grate 2 is disposed on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, the bottom of the grate 2 is connected with an air inlet tube 3, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed on the side wall of the grate 2, the top of the retention tank 4 is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body 1, one end of an S-shaped bent tube 5,S type bent tube 5 is disposed in the retention tank 4, and extends outwards to be connected with one end of an induced draft fan 64, the other end of the induced draft fan 64 is connected with the air inlet tube 3, the other end of the S-shaped bent tube 5 extends outwards to penetrate the retention tank 4, a cleaning component is disposed above the S-shaped bent tube 5, a collecting tank 6 is disposed under the retention tank 4, a plugging component is disposed in the collection tank 6, a turning component is disposed in the collection tank 6, an air outlet tube 7 is disposed on one end of the collection tank 7, a box 8 is disposed in the interior of the box 8, and the induced draft fan 9 is connected with a driving component; the inside of separating tube 10 is equipped with the separation subassembly, and separating tube 10 one side is linked together with the one end of outlet duct 7, and separating tube 10's top one side intercommunication is equipped with blast pipe 11, and the other end and the dust fall subassembly of blast pipe 11 are connected.

Referring to fig. 3 and 9, the plugging assembly in the drawings includes a plugging plate 53 disposed at a communication position between the collecting tank 6 and the retention tank 4, the plugging plate 53 is fixedly disposed on a turning rod 54, one end of the turning rod 54 penetrates through the collecting tank 6 and extends outwards to be fixedly connected with a fifth gear 55, one side of the fifth gear 55 is engaged with and connected with a second rack plate 56, the other end of the second rack plate 56 is connected with a hydraulic rod, and the other end of the hydraulic rod is connected with a hydraulic cylinder 57.

Referring to fig. 12, the filter assembly in the drawing includes a filter screen 58 disposed inside the dust box 35 and below the stirring blade 38, a gravel layer 59 disposed below the filter screen 58, a sand layer 60 disposed below the gravel layer 59, and an activated carbon adsorption screen 61 disposed below the sand layer 60.

In this embodiment, be equipped with the shutoff subassembly in the intercommunication department of detention case 4 and collection case 6, can realize detention case 4 and collection case 6's intercommunication department play the effect that opens and shuts, when needs are discharged to the inside cinder granule and the fly ash of ejecting of detention case 4, start the pneumatic cylinder 57 in the collection case 6 outside this moment, the hydraulic stem that can drive the output stretches out of the start-up of pneumatic cylinder 57, the hydraulic stem stretches out can promote the second rack board 56 of one end, the in-process that the second rack board 56 risen can mesh and drive fifth gear 55 rotation, because the fixed cover of fifth gear 55 is located on the turning rod 54, can drive turning rod 54 rotation, and during the installation with shutoff board 53 fixed mounting on turning rod 54, turning rod 54 rotates can realize driving detention case 4 and collection case 6 intercommunication department's shutoff board 53, can realize opening the shutoff board 53 with both intercommunication department, the inside cinder granule and fly ash that is pushed down to detention case 4 bottom the detention case 4 will be pushed down through detention case 4 and the inside cinder granule that the inside of collecting case 6 will be through detention case 4 and the inside of entering into the collection case 6 and can realize regular inside the inside of the realization of the collection case 4 is to the inside cinder granule that the inside of entering into the collection case 6 is fallen.

After the cinder particles and the cinder in the detention box 4 are discharged, the hydraulic cylinder 57 is reversely started at the moment, so that the hydraulic cylinder 57 drives the hydraulic rod to reversely contract, the hydraulic rod can reversely move to drive the second rack plate 56, the second rack plate 56 can reversely move to drive the fifth gear 55 to reversely rotate, the fifth gear 55 can reversely rotate to drive the turning rod 54, the turning rotation of the driving blocking plate 53 can be blocked and closed at the communicating position of the detention box 4 and the collecting box 6, the blocking of the communicating position of the detention box 4 and the collecting box 6 can be realized, the hot air in the furnace body 1 is prevented from being caused when the induced air blade 9 continuously rotates, and the energy damage in the furnace body 1 is reduced.

When the plugging plate 53 is installed, a pressure sensor is fixedly installed on one side of the plugging plate 53 and is electrically connected with a hydraulic cylinder 57 on the outer side of the collecting box 6 through a controller, gravity detection can be carried out on coal cinder particles and coal ash falling inside the retention box 4 through installation of the pressure sensor, when the detected gravity reaches a preset value, the controller can control the hydraulic cylinder 57 to start, the fifth gear 55 is driven to rotate by pushing of the second rack plate 56 to realize rotation of the plugging plate 53, and the coal cinder particles and the coal ash inside the retention box 4 can be automatically fed into the collecting box 6, so that regular starting of the hydraulic cylinder 57 by workers to discharge the coal cinder particles and the coal ash is avoided, the labor intensity of the workers is effectively reduced, and the discharging efficiency of the coal cinder particles and the coal ash is improved; after slag discharge is finished, the pressure sensor can not detect pressure, the controller controls the hydraulic cylinder to reversely move, the second rack plate 56 reversely moves to be meshed to drive the fifth gear 55 to rotate in a overturning mode, reverse rotation of the plugging plate 53 can be driven, plugging of the communicating position of the retention tank 4 and the collecting tank 6 by the plugging plate 53 is achieved, closing of the communicating position between the retention tank 4 and the collecting tank 6 is achieved, and convenience in opening and closing of the retention tank 4 and the collecting tank 6 is improved.

The inside at dust fall case 35 is equipped with filter component, can realize filtering the back cyclic utilization to the liquid water after the discharge air sprays subsides, the inside that will fall to dust fall case 35 after spraying, and this liquid water that still has dust will filter through filter screen 58, filter screen 58 can filter the big granule dust in the liquid water, and the liquid water after filtering is in rubble layer 59 and silt layer 60 through filter screen 58 below, rubble layer 59 and silt layer 60 can realize precipitating the filtration to the tiny dust in the liquid water this moment, realize carrying out filtration purification's effect to the liquid water, be equipped with active carbon adsorption otter board 61 in silt layer 60's below simultaneously, active carbon adsorption otter board 61 can get rid of bacterium and peculiar smell in the liquid water, can play the effect of purifying the liquid water, realize that liquid water cyclic utilization is to the air when spraying subsides, the existence of the big granule dust in the liquid water has been reduced, the effectual improvement of liquid water cyclic utilization's security, filter component can avoid in the liquid water big granule dust to lead to the fact the piston 66 to the fact the piston to the piston 42 in the piston cylinder 66, the life of piston 66 has been improved effectively.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 1-12, this embodiment further illustrates another example, in which a furnace body 1, a retention tank 4 and a separating tube 10 are shown, a grate 2 is disposed on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, the bottom of the grate 2 is connected with an air inlet tube 3, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed on the side wall of the grate 2, the top of the retention tank 4 is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body 1, one end of an S-shaped bent tube 5,S type bent tube 5 is disposed in the retention tank 4, and extends outwards to be connected with one end of an induced draft fan 64, the other end of the induced draft fan 64 is connected with the air inlet tube 3, the other end of the S-shaped bent tube 5 extends outwards to penetrate the retention tank 4, a cleaning component is disposed above the S-shaped bent tube 5, a collecting tank 6 is disposed under the retention tank 4, a plugging component is disposed in the collection tank 6, a turning component is disposed in the collection tank 6, an air outlet tube 7 is disposed on one end of the collection tank 7, a box 8 is disposed in the interior of the box 8, and the induced draft fan 9 is connected with a driving component; the inside of separating tube 10 is equipped with the separation subassembly, and separating tube 10 one side is linked together with the one end of outlet duct 7, and separating tube 10's top one side intercommunication is equipped with blast pipe 11, and the other end and the dust fall subassembly of blast pipe 11 are connected.

Referring to fig. 1-4, 10 and 11, a dust collecting bag 62 is disposed in the dust collecting box 24 in the drawings, one end of the dust collecting bag 62 is connected to the bottom of the separating tube 10 through a binding belt, a bracket 63 is fixedly disposed on one side of the furnace body 1, a motor 25 is disposed on the bracket 63, one end of a shaft lever 28 is rotatably connected to the bracket 63, a limit bar is fixedly disposed on one side of the first rack plate 46, the limit bar is slidably disposed in a limit groove, the limit groove is disposed on the outer side wall of the dust collecting box 35, and a protection net 67 is disposed on one side of the collecting box 6 and at the end of the air outlet tube 7.

In this embodiment, through being equipped with dust collection sack 62 in the inside of dust collection box 24, can realize entering into the separating drum 10 to the mixed gas of coal ash, because separating blade 22 in separating drum 10 is rotatory, can make the inside of separating drum 10 produce the spiral air current that rises, can realize entering into the inside coal ash mixed gas of separating drum 10 and do centrifugal motion, the rotatory in-process of coal ash is thrown away under the effect of centrifugal force and is caused the striking to descend with the inner wall of separating drum, the coal ash is through the inside of the landing of dust collection box 24 of bottom landing of separating drum 10, realize the effect to dust collection, simultaneously be equipped with dust collection sack 62 in the inside of dust collection box 24 can realize the effect to the dust that plays the collection to the descending, when convenient staff to the coal ash handles, the convenience of coal ash handling has been increased, avoid the staff to take out the convenience of handling to the coal ash in the time of handling from the inside of dust collection box 24, the effectual improvement of coal ash handling, the while the effectual improvement is to the clean and the coal ash of environment, the diffuse coal ash of surrounding the time causes the health of staff to the health of the staff.

Claims (6)

1. A coal ash separator for coal gasification, comprising:

the furnace comprises a furnace body (1), wherein a grate (2) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body (1), the bottom of the grate (2) is connected with an air inlet pipe (3), and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the side wall of the grate (2);

the device comprises a detention box (4), wherein the top of the detention box (4) is communicated with the bottom of a furnace body (1), an S-shaped bent pipe (5) is arranged in the detention box (4), one end of the S-shaped bent pipe (5) penetrates through the detention box (4) and extends outwards to be connected with one end of a draught fan (64), the other end of the draught fan (64) is connected with an air inlet pipe (3), the other end of the S-shaped bent pipe (5) penetrates through the detention box (4) and extends outwards, a cleaning component is arranged above the S-shaped bent pipe (5), a collecting box (6) is arranged below the detention box (4) in a communicating manner, a turning component is arranged inside the collecting box (6), one end of the collecting box (6) is provided with an air outlet pipe (7), a box (8) is arranged on the air outlet pipe (7), and an induced fan blade (9) is arranged inside the box (8), and the induced fan blade (9) is connected with a driving component.

The separating device comprises a separating cylinder (10), wherein a separating assembly is arranged in the separating cylinder (10), one side of the separating cylinder (10) is communicated with one end of an air outlet pipe (7), one side of the top of the separating cylinder (10) is communicated with an exhaust pipe (11), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (11) is connected with a dust falling assembly;

the cleaning assembly comprises a moving rod (65) arranged above the S-shaped bent pipe (5), scraping plates (12) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the lower portion of the moving rod (65) at equal distances, a cleaning brush (13) is fixedly arranged between two adjacent scraping plates (12) and on the moving rod (65), one end of the moving rod (65) is fixedly provided with a first moving block (14), the first moving block (14) is sleeved on a first reciprocating screw rod (15) in a threaded manner, one end of the first reciprocating screw rod (15) penetrates through the retention box (4) and extends outwards to be connected with the driving assembly, the other end of the first moving block (14) is provided with a guide rod (16) in a sliding manner, and the other end of the guide rod (16) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the retention box (4);

the turnover assembly comprises a second reciprocating screw rod (17) arranged in the collecting box (6), a second moving block (18) is sleeved on the second reciprocating screw rod (17) in a threaded manner, a cross rod (19) is fixedly arranged on one side of the second moving block (18), shovel plates (20) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the cross rod (19), and one end of the second reciprocating screw rod (17) penetrates through the collecting box (6) and extends outwards to be connected with the driving assembly;

The separating assembly comprises a rotating shaft (21) arranged in the separating cylinder (10), separating blades (22) are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (21) at equal intervals, one end of the rotating shaft (21) penetrates through the top of the separating cylinder (10) and extends outwards to be fixedly connected with a first gear (23), one side of the first gear (23) is connected with the driving assembly, and one end of the bottom of the separating cylinder (10) is communicated with a dust box (24);

the driving assembly comprises a motor (25), the output end of the motor (25) is provided with a second gear (26) meshed with the first gear (23), the other side of the second gear (26) is provided with a third gear (27) in a meshed mode, a shaft rod (28) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the third gear (27), one end of the shaft rod (28) is sequentially fixedly provided with a first worm (29) and a second worm (30), two sides of the first worm (29) are respectively provided with a first worm wheel (31) and a second worm wheel (32), the first worm wheel (31) is fixedly sleeved at one end of the first reciprocating screw (15), the second worm wheel (32) is connected with the induced air blade (9) through a rotating rod (33), one side of the second worm (30) is provided with a third worm wheel (34) in a meshed mode, and the third worm wheel (34) is fixedly sleeved at one end of the second reciprocating screw (17).

2. The coal ash separating device for coal gasification according to claim 1, wherein the dust settling component comprises a dust settling box (35) communicated with one end of the exhaust pipe (11), an exhaust port is arranged at the top of the dust settling box (35), an air outlet cover (36) is arranged in the dust settling box (35), one end of the air outlet cover (36) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (11), a stirring shaft (37) is arranged below the air outlet cover (36), stirring blades (38) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the stirring shaft (37) at equal intervals, and one end of the stirring shaft (37) extends outwards to be connected with the transmission component;

the dust settling assembly is characterized in that the dust settling assembly is further arranged on a branch pipe (39) above the air outlet cover (36), a spray head (40) is arranged on one side of each branch pipe (39), one end of each branch pipe (39) penetrates through the dust settling box (35) and extends outwards to be communicated with a water supply pipe (41), a first one-way valve is arranged on the water supply pipe (41), one end of the water supply pipe (41) is connected with one end of a piston cylinder (42), a water inlet pipe (43) is arranged on one side of the piston cylinder (42) in a communicating manner, a second one-way valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe (43), the other end of the water inlet pipe (43) is communicated with the bottom of the dust settling box (35), a piston (66) is arranged in the piston cylinder (42), one side of the piston (66) is fixedly provided with a piston rod (44), and the other end of the piston rod (44) is connected with a transmission assembly, wherein a filter assembly is arranged in the dust settling box (35).

3. The coal ash separating device for coal gasification according to claim 2, wherein the transmission assembly comprises transmission teeth (45) fixedly arranged at one end of the stirring shaft (37), a first rack plate (46) is meshed with one side above the transmission teeth (45), and one end of the first rack plate (46) is fixedly connected with one end of the piston rod (44);

the transmission assembly further comprises fourth gears (47) which are arranged on one side below the transmission teeth (45) and are two in number, the two fourth gears (47) are meshed with each other, the fourth gears (47) are rotationally connected with the outer side wall of the dust fall box (35) through mounting shafts (48), half gears (49) meshed with the transmission teeth (45) are fixedly arranged on the mounting shafts (48), teeth of the two half gears (49) are arranged in a staggered mode, driven teeth (50) are fixedly arranged at one end of the mounting shafts (48), driving teeth (51) are fixedly arranged at one side of the driven teeth (50) and located at one end of the second reciprocating screw rod (17), and the driven teeth (50) are meshed with the driving teeth (51) through toothed chains (52).

4. The coal ash separating device for coal gasification according to claim 1, wherein the plugging assembly comprises a plugging plate (53) arranged at the communicating part of the collecting box (6) and the retention box (4), the plugging plate (53) is fixedly arranged on a turning rod (54), one end of the turning rod (54) penetrates through the collecting box (6) and extends outwards to be fixedly connected with a fifth gear (55), one side of the fifth gear (55) is meshed with a second rack plate (56), the other end of the second rack plate (56) is connected with a hydraulic rod, and the other end of the hydraulic rod is connected with a hydraulic cylinder (57).

5. The coal ash separation device for coal gasification according to claim 2, wherein the filtering assembly comprises a filter screen (58) arranged inside the dust fall box (35) and positioned below the stirring blade (38), a gravel layer (59) is arranged below the filter screen (58), a mud sand layer (60) is arranged below the gravel layer (59), and an activated carbon adsorption screen (61) is arranged below the mud sand layer (60).

6. The coal ash separating device for coal gasification according to claim 3, wherein a dust collecting cloth bag (62) is arranged in the dust collecting box (24), one end of the dust collecting cloth bag (62) is connected with the bottom of the separating cylinder (10) through a binding belt, a support (63) is fixedly arranged on one side of the furnace body (1), the motor (25) is arranged on the support (63), one end of the shaft rod (28) is rotatably connected with the support (63), a limit bar is fixedly arranged on one side of the first rack plate (46), the limit bar is slidably arranged in a limit groove, the limit groove is formed in the outer side wall of the dust settling box (35), and a protective net (67) is arranged on one side of the collecting box (6) and at the end part of the air outlet pipe (7).