CN116986731B - Biological strengthening treatment method for waste water containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry - Google Patents
Biological strengthening treatment method for waste water containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BMWMWYBEJWFCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);trioxido(oxo)-$l^{5}-arsane Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O BMWMWYBEJWFCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589651 Zoogloea Species 0.000 description 1
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MXZVHYUSLJAVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold(3+);tricyanide Chemical compound [Au+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] MXZVHYUSLJAVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/006—Regulation methods for biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/103—Arsenic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a biological strengthening treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, and relates to the technical fields of environmental protection and water treatment. According to the method, the biological treatment system is started, the biological treatment system is controlled, the auxiliary chemical agent strengthening treatment and the mud-water separation are carried out, the arsenic-containing ammonia-nitrogen wastewater is inoculated into the biological treatment system, and the synchronous removal of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, arsenic and the like under the activated sludge with lower concentration is realized by controlling the parameters such as the concentration of the arsenic-containing ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, DO, F/M, C/N, the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent dosage, the reflux quantity of mixed liquor, the reflux quantity of activated sludge and the like; the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent added under the strengthening aeration can promote the growth of the bioactive sludge and simultaneously improve the ammonia nitrogen removal rate and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate; the growth of the activated sludge can indirectly increase the adsorption of the activated sludge to arsenic; the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent can also change the form of sludge flocs, so that the flocs are more compact in structure and are beneficial to the sedimentation of activated sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection and water treatment, in particular to a biological strengthening treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry.
Background
The cyanide gold extraction process is widely applied to the gold industry due to the advantages of high recovery rate, strong adaptability to ores, low cost and on-site gold production. However, as a large amount of sodium cyanide is added in the leaching process, gold is leached out and other associated heavy metals are leached out, so that the produced cyanide-containing wastewater contains not only extremely toxic cyanide but also a large amount of COD, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals and other pollutants, and if the pollutants cannot be effectively removed, the normal production and the surrounding environment of enterprises are seriously affected.
At present, the technology for treating cyanide-containing wastewater in gold industry mainly comprises a hydrogen peroxide oxidation method, an alkali-chlorine method, a Inclusion method, an iron salt cyanide-reducing method, an ozone oxidation method and the like. The method is mainly used for treating cyanide and part of heavy metals, and the method is used for carrying out advanced treatment on cyanide-containing wastewater, so that the method has the defects of large dosage of medicament, high operation cost and the like, has poor treatment effect on pollution indexes such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen and the like, and has high treatment cost on low-concentration arsenic-containing wastewater. After cyanide-containing wastewater is treated by the method, wastewater which is characterized by containing COD, ammonia nitrogen, micro cyanide and heavy metal is usually generated, and the wastewater can not reach the standard and is discharged. The biological method theoretically has synchronous deep purification capability for high COD, high ammonia nitrogen, trace cyanide and heavy metal, but has lower COD content, higher ammonia nitrogen content and the like, and meanwhile, the conventional biological method cannot achieve the aim of simultaneously treating ammonia nitrogen and arsenic to reach the emission standard, and the problem that the method for removing arsenic by adsorbing by increasing the concentration of activated sludge has more nutrient substances to be added and high operation cost. The conventional biological method for treating ammonia nitrogen has the problems of long residence time, high treatment cost and the like. Aiming at the problems, gold production enterprises are urgently required to seek a method for efficiently and cooperatively treating ammonia nitrogen and arsenic so as to meet the requirements of the enterprises on the standard discharge of wastewater, reduce the influence of the enterprises on the surrounding environment, reduce the safety and environmental protection risks of the enterprises and finally realize the sustainable healthy development of the enterprises.
In view of the above, it is necessary to design a bio-enhancement treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a biological strengthening treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, which is characterized in that the water treatment process is reasonably designed, and reaction parameters such as water inlet concentration, DO, auxiliary strengthening treatment medicine dosage, mixed liquor reflux quantity, reflux sludge quantity, active sludge residence time and the like are effectively controlled, so that the arsenic in the wastewater is cooperatively treated while the growth of microorganisms is promoted, and the aim of achieving the standard discharge of the wastewater is fulfilled.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a biological strengthening treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, which comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a biological treatment system: inoculating activated sludge into an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank, and simultaneously injecting diluted arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater into the anoxic tank; performing proliferation and domestication on the activated sludge by controlling parameter indexes in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank;
s2, controlling a biological treatment system: step S1, after the biological treatment system reaches a preset index, formally starting, namely injecting the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen into the anoxic tank in a continuous water inlet mode, and simultaneously controlling a parameter index II in the anoxic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank;
s3, auxiliary chemical agent strengthening treatment: adding auxiliary strengthening treatment agent with preset concentration into the aerobic tank while performing step S2;
s4, mud-water separation: and (3) performing mud-water separation on the mixed liquor treated in the step (S3) and the activated sludge, and simultaneously controlling a parameter index III to finally discharge the arsenic-containing wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen up to the standard.
Further, in step S1, the parameter index one includes: F/M, pH value, C/N, DO, reflux quantity of mixed liquor and reflux quantity of the activated sludge;
the range and the method for controlling the parameter index I are as follows:
controlling the F/M range to be 0.1-0.3 kg BOD/(kg MLVSS.d) by adopting an external carbon source; ph=6.5 to 8.5; controlling the N/P to be 5:1 by adding phosphorus and controlling the C/N ratio to be 20:1 by adding nutrient substances; the DO is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 mg/L in the anoxic tank by adopting a stirring mode, and the DO is controlled to be 2.0-4.0 mg/L in the aerobic tank by adopting an aeration mode; controlling the reflux amount of the mixed solution to be 100-400%; controlling the reflux amount of the activated sludge to be 30-80%.
Further, in the step S1, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater is 30-800 mg/L, the arsenic concentration is lower than 6mg/L, the total cyanide concentration is lower than 15mg/L, the concentration of easily released cyanide is lower than 10mg/L, the concentration of heavy metals is lower than 3mg/L, the COD concentration is 300-3000 mg/L, and the thiocyanate concentration is 100-4000 mg/L.
Further, in step S1, the diluted arsenic-containing and ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater flows to the aerobic tank after being reacted in the anoxic tank, the dilution factor of the arsenic-containing and ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater is 1-5 times, and the concentration of the activated sludge in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank is controlled to be 6000-800 mg/L.
Further, in step S2, the biological treatment system reaches a predetermined index as follows: the concentration of the activated sludge is controlled within the range of 3000-12000 mg/L, and the pollutants in the effluent reach the standard.
Further, in step S2, the parameter index two includes: MLSS, C/N, DO, reflux amount of the mixed solution and reflux amount of the activated sludge;
the range and the method for controlling the parameter index II are as follows:
the range of the MLSS is 800-1500 mg/L; C/N is more than or equal to 4.0; controlling the DO range in the anoxic tank to be 0-0.5 mg/L and the DO range in the aerobic tank to be 2.5-4.5 mg/L; the reflux amount of the mixed solution is 100-400%; the reflux amount of the activated sludge is 30-80%.
Further, in step S2, the continuous water inlet mode is that the content of the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen is gradually increased to the designed water inlet amount.
Further, in step S3, the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent includes one or more of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, ferric sulfate, and polymeric ferric sulfate.
Further, the added auxiliary strengthening treatment agent enables the concentration of iron ions in the solution in the aerobic tank to be 20-80 mg/L.
Further, in step S4, the mixed solution and the activated sludge enter a sludge-water separation system to perform sludge-water separation; the parameter index III comprises: controlling the reflux amount of the activated sludge to be 30-80%, discharging 20-70% of the activated sludge, and controlling the sludge age of the activated sludge in the biological treatment system to be 7-10 d.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the biological strengthening treatment method for the arsenic-containing and ammonia-containing wastewater in the gold industry comprises the steps of starting a biological treatment system, controlling the biological treatment system, carrying out strengthening treatment by auxiliary chemical agents, separating mud from water and the like, inoculating the arsenic-containing and ammonia-containing wastewater in the biological treatment system, and realizing synchronous removal of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and arsenic by microorganisms under the condition of activated sludge with lower concentration by controlling parameters such as inflow water concentration, DO, F/M, C/N, MLSS, auxiliary strengthening treatment agent amount, reflux amount of mixed liquor, reflux amount of activated sludge and the like of the arsenic-containing and ammonia-containing wastewater, wherein the stay time is shorter than that of conventional sludge, and the dissolution of arsenic and the accumulation of arsenic can be prevented; compared with the existing chemical method for treating the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, the method provided by the invention has the advantages of high treatment cost, poor treatment effect of the conventional biological method and high treatment cost of toxic metal arsenic with low concentration; the method provided by the invention removes pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and arsenic in the arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the method of strengthening aeration oxidation, adding auxiliary strengthening treatment medicament and controlling the reflux amount of the mixed liquor on the basis of the traditional A/O activated sludge method, has relatively simple process, safe and reliable operation and available medicament economy, can treat the ammonia nitrogen and arsenic wastewater to reach the emission standard, has obvious economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit, and provides a new thought for treating the arsenic-containing and ammonia nitrogen wastewater in the gold industry.
2. According to the biological enhancement treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, which is provided by the invention, in the process of controlling a biological treatment system, the auxiliary enhancement treatment agent added under the enhancement aeration can promote the growth of bioactive sludge and simultaneously improve the ammonia nitrogen removal rate and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate; the growth of the activated sludge can indirectly increase the adsorption of the activated sludge to arsenic; the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent can also form stable ferric arsenate and other compounds with arsenic in the arsenic-containing ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, so that the arsenic is removed in a sludge discharge mode; in addition, the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent can also change the form of sludge flocs, so that the flocs are more compact in structure, the sedimentation of activated sludge is facilitated, and the aim of up-to-standard emission of pollutants in the arsenic-containing wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen is further fulfilled.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gold industry thiocyanate wastewater biological treatment system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and/or processing steps closely related to aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As shown in figure 1, the biological treatment system comprises a preposed anoxic tank, an aerobic tank communicated with the anoxic tank, and a sedimentation tank (or a membrane separation system or a secondary sedimentation tank) connected with the aerobic tank, wherein the aerobic tank comprises an aerobic tank I communicated with the anoxic tank and an aerobic tank II connected with the aerobic tank I, and the biological treatment system comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a biological treatment system: inoculating activated sludge into an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank, and simultaneously injecting diluted arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater into the anoxic tank; performing proliferation and domestication on the activated sludge by controlling parameter indexes in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank;
the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater is 30-800 mg/L, the concentration of arsenic is lower than 6mg/L, the concentration of total cyanide is lower than 15mg/L, the concentration of easily released cyanide is lower than 10mg/L, the concentration of heavy metals (such as copper, lead, zinc and the like) is lower than 3mg/L when coexisting, the COD concentration is 300-3000 mg/L, and the concentration of thiocyanate is 100-4000 mg/L;
the diluted arsenic-containing ammonia-nitrogen wastewater flows to the aerobic tank after reacting in the anoxic tank, the dilution factor of the arsenic-containing ammonia-nitrogen wastewater is 1-5 times, and the concentration of the activated sludge in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank is controlled to be 6000-800 mg/L;
the first parameter index comprises: F/M, pH value, C/N, DO, reflux quantity of mixed liquor and reflux quantity of the activated sludge;
the range and the method for controlling the parameter index I are as follows:
controlling the F/M range to be 0.1-0.3 kgBOD/(kgMLVSS.d) by adopting an external carbon source; ph=6.5 to 8.5 (wherein F/M, pH in the whole bio-enhancement treatment process is kept within a corresponding range); controlling N/P to be 5:1 by adding phosphorus salt, and controlling C/N ratio to be 20:1 by adding glucose even if C: N: P is 100:5:1; the DO is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 mg/L in the anoxic tank by adopting a stirring mode, and the DO is controlled to be 2.0-4.0 mg/L in the aerobic tank by adopting an aeration mode; controlling the reflux amount of the mixed solution to be 100-400%; controlling the reflux amount of the activated sludge to be 30-80%; wherein, the reflux quantity of the mixed liquor and the activated sludge is continuously reduced in the starting process;
s2, controlling a biological treatment system: step S1, after the biological treatment system reaches a preset index, formally starting the system, namely injecting the wastewater containing arsenic and containing ammonia nitrogen into the anoxic tank in a continuous water inlet mode (wherein the continuous water inlet mode is that the content of the wastewater containing arsenic and containing ammonia nitrogen is gradually increased to the designed water inlet amount), and simultaneously controlling parameter indexes II in the anoxic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank;
wherein, the biological treatment system reaches the preset index as follows: the concentration of the activated sludge is controlled within the range of 3000-12000 mg/L, and the pollutants in the effluent reach the standard;
the parameter index II comprises the following components: MLSS, C/N, DO, reflux amount of the mixed solution and reflux amount of the activated sludge;
the range and the method for controlling the parameter index II are as follows:
the range of the MLSS is 800-1500 mg/L; C/N is more than or equal to 4.0; controlling the DO in the anoxic tank to be in a range of 0-0.5 mg/L and controlling the DO in the aerobic tank to be in a range of 2.5-4.5 mg/L (the aeration amount in the aerobic tank is properly adjusted according to the arsenic concentration in the arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater, namely, the higher the arsenic concentration is, the higher the aeration amount is); the reflux amount of the mixed liquor is 100-400 percent (the mixed liquor is refluxed from the tail end of the second aerobic tank to the front end of the anoxic tank, the reflux amount of the mixed liquor is controlled according to the concentration of pollutants in the inlet water, namely the concentration of the pollutants in the inlet water is high, the reflux amount of the mixed liquor is large, and otherwise, the reflux amount of the mixed liquor is small); the reflux quantity of the activated sludge is 30-80 percent (the activated sludge flows back to the front end of the anoxic tank from the bottom of the sedimentation tank);
the design water inflow is the wastewater treatment capacity required to be achieved in industrial application;
s3, auxiliary chemical agent strengthening treatment: adding auxiliary strengthening treatment agent with preset concentration into the aerobic tank while performing step S2;
s4, mud-water separation: the mixed liquor treated in the step S3 and the activated sludge enter a sludge-water separation system (a sedimentation tank) for sludge-water separation, and meanwhile, parameter indexes III are controlled, so that the arsenic-containing and ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater finally reaches the discharge standard;
the parameter index III comprises: controlling the reflux amount of the activated sludge to be 30-80%, discharging 20-70% of the activated sludge, and controlling the sludge age of the activated sludge in the biological treatment system to be 7-10 d.
By the arrangement, the synchronous removal of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, arsenic and the like by microorganisms under the condition of activated sludge with lower concentration is realized; compared with the existing chemical method for treating the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, the method provided by the invention has the advantages of high treatment cost, poor treatment effect of the conventional biological method and high treatment cost of toxic metal arsenic with low concentration.
Specifically, in step S3, the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent includes one or more of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, ferric sulfate, and polymeric ferric sulfate; the added auxiliary strengthening treatment agent enables the concentration of iron ions in the solution in the aerobic tank to be 20-80 mg/L.
By the arrangement, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate can be improved while the growth of the bioactive sludge is promoted; the growth of the activated sludge can indirectly increase the adsorption of the activated sludge to arsenic; the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent can also form stable ferric arsenate and other compounds with arsenic in the arsenic-containing ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, so that the arsenic is removed in a sludge discharge mode; in addition, the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent can also change the form of sludge flocs, so that the flocs are more compact in structure, the sedimentation of activated sludge is facilitated, and the aim of up-to-standard emission of pollutants in the arsenic-containing wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen is further fulfilled.
The biological strengthening treatment method for the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry provided by the invention is specifically described by the following examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides a biological strengthening treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, which has obvious effects of improving the problems of high ammonia nitrogen and arsenic content, high treatment cost and difficult synchronous standard reaching in the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry. Wherein the total cyanide concentration fluctuates within the range of 5.0-13.7 mg/L, the concentration of the easily released cyanide fluctuates within the range of 2.5-7.65 mg/L, the arsenic concentration fluctuates within the range of about 3.2-5.9 mg/L, the thiocyanate concentration fluctuates within the range of 1000-2000 mg/L, the COD concentration fluctuates within the range of 800-1500 mg/L, the phosphate is not detected, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration fluctuates within the range of 100-500 mg/L; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a biological treatment system: inoculating activated sludge into an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank, and simultaneously injecting wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen which is diluted by 4 times into the anoxic tank by using clear water, so that the concentration of the activated sludge in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank is about 7000 mg/L; the diluted wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen flows into the aerobic tank after being reacted in the anoxic tank; performing proliferation and domestication on the activated sludge by controlling parameter indexes in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank;
the first parameter index comprises: F/M, pH value, C/N, DO, reflux quantity of mixed liquor and reflux quantity of the activated sludge;
the range and the method for controlling the parameter index I are as follows:
controlling F/M to be 0.2 kgBOD/(kgMLVSS.d) by adopting a mode of externally adding a carbon source; controlling the pH value to be 6.5-8.5 by adopting sodium hydroxide (wherein F/M, pH in the whole bio-enhancement treatment process is required to be kept in a corresponding range); controlling N/P to be 5:1 by adding phosphorus element, and controlling C/N ratio to be 20:1 by adding glucose, so that C: N: P=100:5:1; DO in the anoxic tank is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 mg/L in a stirring mode, and DO in the aerobic tank is controlled to be 2.0-4.0 mg/L in an aeration mode; controlling the reflux amount of the mixed solution from the tail end of the second aerobic tank to the front end of the anoxic tank to be 200 percent, and controlling the reflux amount of the activated sludge from the sedimentation tank to the front end of the anoxic tank to be 50 percent; wherein, in the whole process of the step S1, the reflux quantity of the mixed liquor and the activated sludge is continuously reduced until the respective target reflux quantity is reached;
s2, controlling a biological treatment system: after the biological treatment system in the step S1 reaches a preset index, formally starting the system, namely injecting the arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater into the anoxic tank in a continuous water inlet mode (wherein the continuous water inlet mode is that the content of the arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater is gradually increased to the designed water inlet amount), and simultaneously controlling the parameter indexes II in the anoxic reaction tank and the aerobic reaction tank;
wherein, the biological treatment system reaches the preset index as follows: the concentration of the activated sludge is controlled within the range of 5000mg/L, and the pollutants in the effluent reach the standard;
the parameter index II comprises the following components: MLSS, C/N, DO, reflux amount of the mixed solution and reflux amount of the activated sludge;
the range and the method for controlling the parameter index II are as follows:
MLSS is 800-1500 mg/L; C/N is more than or equal to 4.0; controlling the DO in the anoxic tank to be 0-0.5 mg/L and the DO in the aerobic tank to be 2.5-4.5 mg/L; the reflux amount of the mixed solution from the tail end of the second aerobic tank to the front end of the anoxic tank is 200%; the reflux amount of the activated sludge from the sedimentation tank to the front end of the anoxic tank is 60%;
s3, auxiliary chemical agent strengthening treatment: while the step S2 is carried out, adding a ferrous sulfate heptahydrate solution with the mass concentration of 5 percent into the aerobic tank (the concentration of iron ions in the solution of the first aerobic tank is less than or equal to 60 mg/L);
s4, mud-water separation: the mixed solution and the activated sludge treated in the step S3 enter a sedimentation tank for mud-water separation, and simultaneously, parameter indexes III are controlled to ensure that the arsenic-containing wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen finally reaches the discharge standard;
the parameter index III comprises: controlling the reflux quantity of the activated sludge from the sedimentation tank to the front end of the anoxic tank to be 30-80%, and discharging 40% of the activated sludge; the sludge age of the activated sludge in the biological treatment system is 8d;
after being treated by the biological strengthening treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, the front and back conditions of the water quality are shown in table 1, the effluent quality can meet the relevant requirements, and the wastewater treatment capacity in the whole treatment process can reach 150 m 3 And/d, realizing the deep synchronous purification treatment of the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen.
Table 1 shows the water quality of the water inlet and outlet of the treatment system (unit: mg/L)
| Index of water quality | Water quality of inlet water | Effluent quality |
| COD | 800~1500 | ≤100 |
| CN T | 5.0~13.7 | ≤0.5 |
| SCN- | 1000~2000 | ≤1 |
| PH (dimensionless) | 6~9 | 6~9 |
| NH 4 + -N | 100~500 | ≤15 |
| Arsenic (As) | 3.2~5.9 | ≤0.5 |
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for biologically strengthening treatment of wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry, which is different from embodiment 1 in the concentration of MLSS in the aerobic tank in step S2. In this example, the concentration of the MLSS in the aerobic tank in step S2 was 800mg/L. The remaining steps and parameters are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described again. Finally, the effluent quality and the property results of the activated sludge are shown in Table 3.
Comparative examples 1 to 6
Comparative examples 1 to 6 respectively provide a biological enhancement treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry, and compared with the embodiment 1, the biological enhancement treatment method is different in pollutant concentration in wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the step S1, DO concentration in an aerobic tank in the step S2, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate addition in the step S3 and sludge age in the step S3. The different parameters corresponding to embodiment 1 in comparative examples 1 to 6 are shown in table 2, and the remaining steps and parameters are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described here again.
Table 2 Process parameters in comparative examples 1 to 6
| S1 final pollutant concentration of arsenic-containing ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater | S2 aerobic tank DO concentration of (2) | Aerobic in S2 Pool MLSS | S3, trivalent in the aerobic tank 1 Iron ion content | In S3 Sludge age | |
| Comparative example 1 | The total cyanide concentration is more than 20 mg/L, and the cyanide is easy to release Object > 10mg/L, as > 10mg/L | 2.5 | 1500 | 20mg/L | 8d |
| Comparative example 2 | Same as in example 1 | 2.0 | 1500 | 20mg/L | 8d |
| Comparative example 3 | Same as in example 1 | 2.5 | 1500 | 0mg/L | 8d |
| Comparative example 4 | Same as in example 1 | 2.5 | 1500 | 100mg/L | 8d |
| Comparative example 5 | Same as in example 1 | 2.5 | 1500 | 20mg/L | 7d |
| Comparative example 6 | Same as in example 1 | 2.5 | 1500 | 20mg/L | 15d |
After carrying out biological strengthening treatment on the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry according to the method provided by comparative examples 1-6, the quality of effluent water and the properties of activated sludge are detected, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Table 2 and comparative examples 1 to 6 show results of the quality of effluent and the properties of activated sludge
| Ammonia nitrogen removal rate | Ammonia nitrogen removal Rate of | As removal rate | Sedimentation of activated sludge Performance of | Water outlet up to standard condition | |
| Example 2 | 0.58(kg/m 3 ·d) | 93.2% | 92.1% | Good quality | The effluent reaches the standard |
| Comparative example 1 | - | - | - | - | Microbial poisoning, massive death, systemic failure Can normally run |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.54(kg/m 3 ·d) | 90.4% | 86.1% | In general | The effluent slightly exceeds the standard |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.52(kg/m 3 ·d) | 61.2% | 31.2% | In general | The As of the effluent exceeds the standard |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.43(kg/m 3 ·d) | 51.1% | 94.5% | In general | The growth of activated sludge is inhibited, and ammonia is discharged from the water Nitrogen is not up to standard |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.60(kg/m 3 ·d) | 96.4% | 93.2% | Good quality | The effluent reaches the standard |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.60(kg/m 3 ·d) | 96.0% | 83.2% | Good quality | The As of the effluent exceeds the standard |
Table 3 shows that the concentration of As in the inlet water in the step S1 and the concentration of iron ions in the step S3 directly influence the normal growth of microorganisms and have a certain influence on the sedimentation performance of the sludge in the outlet water; the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the step S2 is not controlled in a required range, and the water reaching the standard is also influenced; if the sludge age in the step S3 exceeds the required range, arsenic re-dissolution phenomenon can occur, and the standard of the discharged water As can not be ensured.
When the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen exceeds the specified concentration, the wastewater can cause microbial poisoning and massive death, and the system can not normally operate. The DO concentration of the aerobic tank in the step S2 is too low, so that the removal rate of As and the sedimentation performance of activated sludge are reduced, and the effluent quality is slightly out of standard, because the DO concentration is low, the growth of aerobic microorganisms is inhibited, the sludge zoogloea is inactivated, the sedimentation performance of the sludge is poor, and the concentration of pollutants in the effluent is influenced by the microorganisms carried in the effluent; when the concentration of iron ions in the step S3 is too low, ammonia nitrogen and As removal rate in the effluent can be greatly reduced, meanwhile, the sedimentation performance of activated sludge can be caused, and finally, the quality of the effluent is seriously substandard; when the concentration of iron ions is too high, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is inhibited, the sedimentation performance of the activated sludge is influenced, and finally the growth of the activated sludge is inhibited, so that the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent does not reach the standard. In addition, if the sludge age in the whole biological treatment system exceeds the required range, arsenic re-dissolution phenomenon can occur, and the standard of the discharged water As can not be ensured; and when the sludge age is too low, ammonia nitrogen is incompletely removed, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is affected.
Therefore, only when the parameters are controlled in a preset range, and the biological treatment system is added with auxiliary strengthening treatment medicaments under proper aeration, the microorganisms can synchronously remove pollutants such as arsenic, ammonia nitrogen and the like under lower activated sludge concentration.
In summary, the biological strengthening treatment method for the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in the gold industry provided by the invention adopts the steps of starting a biological treatment system, controlling the biological treatment system, strengthening treatment by auxiliary chemical agents, separating mud from water and the like, inoculates the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen into the biological treatment system, and realizes that microorganisms synchronously remove pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, arsenic and the like under the activated sludge with lower concentration, and the method has shorter residence time than the conventional sludge, and can prevent the re-dissolution of arsenic and the accumulation of arsenic by controlling the parameters such as the inflow water concentration, DO, F/M, C/N, MLSS, the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent dosage, the reflux quantity of mixed liquor, the reflux quantity of activated sludge and the like. In addition, in the process of controlling the biological treatment system, the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent added under the strengthening aeration can promote the growth of the biological activated sludge and simultaneously improve the ammonia nitrogen removal rate and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate; the growth of the activated sludge can indirectly increase the adsorption of the activated sludge to arsenic; the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent can also form stable ferric arsenate and other compounds with arsenic in the arsenic-containing ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, so that the arsenic is removed in a sludge discharge mode; in addition, the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent can also change the form of sludge flocs, so that the flocs are more compact in structure, the sedimentation of activated sludge is facilitated, and the aim of up-to-standard emission of pollutants in the arsenic-containing wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen is further fulfilled.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A biological strengthening treatment method for wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry is characterized in that on the basis of a traditional A/O activated sludge method, by adding auxiliary strengthening treatment agents under strengthening aeration, the removal rate and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen can be improved while the growth of biological activated sludge is promoted, and the growth of the activated sludge can indirectly increase the adsorption of the activated sludge to arsenic, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a biological treatment system: inoculating activated sludge into an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank, and simultaneously injecting diluted arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater into the anoxic tank; performing proliferation and domestication on the activated sludge by controlling parameter indexes in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank; the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the arsenic-containing ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater is 30-800 mg/L, the concentration of arsenic is lower than 6mg/L, the concentration of total cyanide is lower than 15mg/L, the concentration of easily released cyanide is lower than 10mg/L, the concentration of heavy metals is lower than 3mg/L, the concentration of COD is 300-3000 mg/L, and the concentration of thiocyanate is 100-4000 mg/L;
in step S1, the parameter index one includes: F/M, pH value, C/N, DO, reflux quantity of mixed liquor and reflux quantity of the activated sludge;
the range and the method for controlling the parameter index I are as follows:
controlling the F/M range to be 0.1-0.3 kg BOD/(kg MLVSS.d) by adopting an external carbon source; ph=6.5 to 8.5; controlling the N/P to be 5:1 by adding phosphorus and controlling the C/N ratio to be 20:1 by adding nutrient substances; the DO is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 mg/L in the anoxic tank by adopting a stirring mode, and the DO is controlled to be 2.0-4.0 mg/L in the aerobic tank by adopting an aeration mode; controlling the reflux amount of the mixed solution to be 100-400%; controlling the reflux amount of the activated sludge to be 30-80%;
s2, controlling a biological treatment system: step S1, after the biological treatment system reaches a preset index, formally starting, namely injecting the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen into the anoxic tank in a continuous water inlet mode, and simultaneously controlling a parameter index II in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank;
in step S2, the parameter index two includes: MLSS, C/N, DO, reflux amount of the mixed solution and reflux amount of the activated sludge;
the range and the method for controlling the parameter index II are as follows:
the range of the MLSS is 800-1500 mg/L; C/N is more than or equal to 4.0; controlling the DO range in the anoxic tank to be 0-0.5 mg/L and the DO range in the aerobic tank to be 2.5-4.5 mg/L; the reflux amount of the mixed solution is 100-400%; the reflux amount of the activated sludge is 30-80%;
s3, auxiliary chemical agent strengthening treatment: adding auxiliary strengthening treatment agent with preset concentration into the aerobic tank while performing step S2; the auxiliary strengthening treatment agent comprises one or more of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, ferric sulfate and polymeric ferric sulfate;
s4, mud-water separation: and (3) performing mud-water separation on the mixed liquor treated in the step (S3) and the activated sludge, and simultaneously controlling a parameter index III to finally discharge the arsenic-containing wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen up to the standard.
2. The method for biologically strengthening treatment of wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S1, the diluted arsenic-containing and ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater flows to the aerobic tank after reacting in the anoxic tank, the dilution factor of the arsenic-containing and ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater is 1-5 times, and the concentration of the activated sludge in the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank is controlled to be 6000-800 mg/L.
3. The method for biologically strengthening treatment of wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step S2, the biological treatment system reaches a predetermined index as follows: the concentration of the activated sludge is controlled within the range of 3000-12000 mg/L, and the pollutants in the effluent reach the standard.
4. The method for biologically strengthening treatment of wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step S2, the continuous water inlet mode is that the content of the wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen is gradually increased to the designed water inlet amount.
5. The method for biologically strengthening treatment of wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the added auxiliary strengthening treatment agent enables the concentration of iron ions in the solution in the aerobic tank to be 20-80 mg/L.
6. The method for biologically strengthening treatment of wastewater containing arsenic and ammonia nitrogen in gold industry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S4, the mixed liquor and the activated sludge enter a sludge-water separation system for sludge-water separation; the parameter index III comprises: controlling the reflux amount of the activated sludge to be 30-80%, discharging 20-70% of the activated sludge, and controlling the sludge age of the activated sludge in the biological treatment system to be 7-10 d.
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