CN110981091B - Medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012028 Fenton's reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004912 1,5-cyclooctadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system, which comprises a grid tank, a first regulating tank connected with the grid tank, a chemical reaction tank connected with the first regulating tank, a sedimentation tank connected with the chemical reaction tank, a septic tank, a second regulating tank respectively connected with the septic tank and the sedimentation tank, a hydrolytic acidification tank connected with the second regulating tank, an MBR tank connected with the hydrolytic acidification tank, and a clean water tank connected with the MBR tank and provided with an ultrafiltration device, wherein the first regulating tank is connected with the first regulating tank; the sludge in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a sludge tank, the sewage in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a second regulating tank, part of sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the hydrolysis acidification tank, part of sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, sludge in the sludge tank is dehydrated, and filtrate enters the first regulating tank again for recycling or discharging the effluent of the clean water tank. The invention realizes the advanced treatment after the independent pretreatment of the high-concentration medical wastewater and the low-concentration wastewater such as hospital domestic wastewater, canteen wastewater and the like, meets the requirements of standard emission and recycling, and reduces the treatment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste call treatment, and particularly relates to a medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system and a treatment method thereof.
Background
In the normal operation process of a large hospital, high-concentration medical wastewater generated by laboratory, operating room and the like is added besides domestic sewage of patients and medical staff and low-concentration wastewater of staff canteen. According to different raw water quality of different sources, main pollutants in water are as follows: COD, heavy metals (mercury and chromium), organic matters, acid, alkali, disinfectants, bacteria, viruses and the like, and the raw water quality is complex.
At present, high-concentration wastewater generated in hospitals and low-concentration wastewater such as domestic sewage and canteen are mixed in a regulating tank and then treated together, a biochemical and disinfection mode is generally adopted in a treatment process, and effluent can reach the standard. However, if the disinfectant in the medical wastewater is directly collected and then enters the biochemical tank, part of microorganisms can be killed to adversely affect biochemical treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems, and provides a medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system and a treatment method thereof, so that the advanced treatment is carried out after the independent pretreatment of high-concentration medical wastewater and low-concentration wastewater such as hospital domestic wastewater, canteen wastewater and the like, the requirements of standard emission and recycling are met, and the treatment cost is reduced. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system comprises a grid tank, a first adjusting tank, a chemical reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, a septic tank, a second adjusting tank, a hydrolytic acidification tank, an MBR tank and a clean water tank, wherein the grid tank is used for connecting medical wastewater to carry out rough filtration treatment; the sludge in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a sludge tank, the sewage in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a second regulating tank, part of sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the hydrolysis acidification tank, part of sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, sludge in the sludge tank is dehydrated, and filtrate enters the first regulating tank again for recycling or discharging the effluent of the clean water tank.
Specifically, precipitation reaction is carried out in the chemical reaction tank according to different COD concentrations.
Specifically, the hydrolysis acidification tank is internally subjected to hydrolysis and acidification reaction by anaerobic microorganisms.
Specifically, an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank are arranged between the hydrolysis acidification tank and the MBR tank, and part of mixed liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank for nitrification and denitrification.
The comprehensive treatment method of the medical wastewater comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment: delivering the medical wastewater filtered by the grid tank to a first regulating tank, and pumping the wastewater into a chemical reaction tank by a lifting pump after the liquid level in the first regulating tank reaches a set value;
s2, carrying out precipitation reaction in the chemical reaction tank according to different COD concentrations;
s3, precipitating for 40-60min in a sedimentation tank, discharging precipitated sludge subjected to solid-liquid separation into a sludge tank, dehydrating the sludge, and feeding supernatant of the sludge tank into a first regulating tank; the sewage subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a second regulating tank;
s4, introducing hospital domestic sewage and canteen wastewater treated by the septic tank into a second regulating tank;
s5, biochemical treatment, namely conveying the wastewater in the second regulating tank to a hydrolysis acidification tank, and decomposing most macromolecular organic matters in the water into micromolecular organic matters under the action of microorganisms;
s6, the MBR membrane component further filters water, part of sludge in the MBR tank flows back to the hydrolysis acidification tank, part of sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, sludge is dehydrated, and filtrate enters the first regulating tank again;
s7, the effluent of the MBR pool enters a clean water pool, the clean water pool is connected with an ultrafiltration device for further deep filtration, and the effluent after ultrafiltration is recycled or discharged.
Specifically, in the step S2, when the COD concentration in the wastewater is not high, sequentially delivering alkali, PAC and PAM into a chemical reaction tank, controlling the full reaction time to be 30-60min, then adding NaClO, adding a reducing agent to remove the residual NaClO, and discharging into a sedimentation tank;
when the COD concentration in the raw water is higher, acid and FeSO are sequentially added into the chemical reaction tank 4 、H 2 O 2 According to the COD concentration of the raw water, whether Fenton reagent is added or not is selected, most of organic matters are removed through Fenton oxidation reaction, and then coagulation, flocculation, disinfection and reduction reaction are carried out, and the raw water is discharged into a sedimentation tank;
specifically, in step S5, the water outlet end of the hydrolysis acidification tank flows into the anoxic tank and the aerobic tank in sequence;
simultaneously, part of mixed liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank, and most of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, COD, bacteria and the like in water are removed under the alternate actions of nitrification and denitrification;
specifically, in step S1, the medical wastewater to be treated first passes through the grid pond to trap the floating matters and large particle pollutants in the water, and then enters the first regulating pond.
Specifically, in step S2, when the raw water COD concentration is high, dilute sulfuric acid is first added to adjust the ph=2-3 of the wastewater, and FeSO is added under acidic conditions 4 、H 2 O 2 And adding alkali to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to be 8-9, and then adding PAC and PAM to carry out coagulation and flocculation reaction.
Compared with the prior art, the medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system and the treatment method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
the hydrolysis acidification pool degrades macromolecular organic matters in water into micromolecular organic matters through hydrolysis and acidification reaction of anaerobic microorganisms, so that the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved;
the effluent of the hydrolysis acidification tank sequentially enters an anoxic-aerobic tank, and meanwhile, mixed liquor of the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank, and the reflux ratio of the mixed liquor is 100-200%. Most of degradable organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, partial bacteria and other pollutants in water are removed under the nitrification-denitrification effect of microorganisms;
an MBR tank is adopted to replace a traditional secondary sedimentation tank, so that the occupied area is reduced, the concentration of return sludge is improved, meanwhile, the MBR membrane plays a role in intercepting, solid-liquid separation is realized, and the water outlet is ensured;
the effluent of the MBR pool is advanced treated in an ultrafiltration device, the surface of the ultrafiltration membrane has the comprehensive effects of mechanical screening, membrane Kong Zuzhi and membrane surface and membrane pore adsorption, most suspended matters, macromolecular inorganic salt ions and bacteria in the water are removed, and the effluent quality is recycled or discharged after reaching the standard;
the high-concentration medical wastewater, hospital domestic wastewater and canteen wastewater are respectively pretreated, so that pollutants in the high-concentration medical wastewater can be effectively removed, and the influence of chloride ions and partial harmful pathogens in the medical wastewater on biochemical treatment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, but is apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment is a medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system, which comprises a grid tank for connecting medical wastewater to perform coarse filtration treatment, a first adjusting tank connected with the grid tank, a chemical reaction tank connected with the first adjusting tank, a sedimentation tank connected with the chemical reaction tank, a septic tank for connecting domestic sewage and canteen wastewater to perform treatment, a second adjusting tank respectively connected with the septic tank and the sedimentation tank, a hydrolytic acidification tank connected with the second adjusting tank, an MBR tank connected with the hydrolytic acidification tank, and a clean water tank with an ultrafiltration device connected with the MBR tank; the sludge in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a sludge tank, the sewage in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a second regulating tank, part of sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the hydrolysis acidification tank, part of sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, sludge in the sludge tank is dehydrated, and filtrate enters the first regulating tank again for recycling or discharging the effluent of the clean water tank.
And (5) dewatering sludge in the sludge tank through a filter press.
An anoxic tank and an aerobic tank are arranged between the hydrolysis acidification tank and the MBR tank, and part of mixed liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank for nitrification and denitrification.
And carrying out precipitation reaction in the chemical reaction tank according to different COD concentrations.
The hydrolysis acidification pool is internally subjected to hydrolysis and acidification reaction by anaerobic microorganisms.
The sewage is intercepted in the MBR tank, so that solid-liquid separation is realized.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, this embodiment is a medical wastewater comprehensive treatment method, comprising the steps of:
s1, pretreatment: delivering the medical wastewater filtered by the grid tank to a first regulating tank, and pumping the wastewater into a chemical reaction tank by a lifting pump after the liquid level in the first regulating tank reaches a set value;
s2, carrying out precipitation reaction in the chemical reaction tank according to different COD concentrations;
when the COD concentration in the wastewater is not high, sequentially delivering alkali, PAC and PAM into a chemical reaction tank, controlling the full reaction time to be 30-60min, then adding NaClO for disinfection treatment, adding a reducing agent to remove the residual NaClO, avoiding adverse effects of chloride ions on subsequent biochemical treatment, and discharging into a sedimentation tank;
when the COD concentration in the raw water is higher, acid and FeSO are sequentially added into the chemical reaction tank 4 、H 2 O 2 According to the COD concentration of raw water, selecting whether Fenton reagent is added or not, and passing through FentonRemoving most of organic matters by a ton oxidation reaction, and discharging the organic matters into a sedimentation tank after coagulation, flocculation, disinfection and reduction reaction;
s3, precipitating for 40-60min in a precipitation tank, discharging precipitated sludge subjected to solid-liquid separation into a sludge tank, dewatering the sludge by a filter press, and then carrying out external treatment, wherein supernatant of the sludge tank enters a first regulating tank; the sewage subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a second regulating tank;
s4, introducing hospital domestic sewage and canteen wastewater treated by the septic tank into a second regulating tank;
s5, biochemical treatment, namely conveying the wastewater in the second regulating tank to a hydrolysis acidification tank, decomposing most macromolecular organic matters in the water into micromolecular organic matters under the action of microorganisms, and improving the biodegradability of the wastewater; the water outlet end of the hydrolysis acidification tank flows into an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank in sequence;
simultaneously, part of mixed liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank, and most of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, COD, bacteria and the like in water are removed under the alternate actions of nitrification and denitrification;
s6, the effluent of the aerobic tank enters an MBR tank, and the MBR membrane module further filters the water;
part of sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the hydrolysis acidification tank, so that the sludge concentration of a biochemical system is ensured, part of sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, the sludge is dehydrated by a filter press and then treated outside, and filtrate enters the first regulating tank again;
s7, the effluent of the MBR pool enters a clean water pool, the clean water pool is connected with an ultrafiltration device for further deep filtration, and the effluent after ultrafiltration is recycled or discharged.
In step S1, the medical wastewater to be treated first passes through a grid pool to trap floating matters and large-particle pollutants in the water, and then enters a first regulating pool.
In step S2, when the raw water COD concentration is high, dilute sulfuric acid is added to adjust the ph=2-3 of the wastewater, and FeSO is added under acidic condition 4 、H 2 O 2 Adding alkali to regulate pH value of the waste water to 8-9, adding PAC and PAM to perform coagulation and flocculation reaction, and adding Fenton reagent to obtain strong oxidizing property for organic waste water with biological degradation or general chemical oxidizing agentThe treatment effect is good, and the action mechanism is as follows:
2Fe 2+ +H 2 O 2 →2Fe 3+ +2OH -
Fe 3+ +H 2 O 2 →Fe 2+ +HO 2 ·+H +
HO 2 ·+H 2 O 2 →O 2 +H 2 O+·OH +
RH+·OH + →R·+H 2 O
R·+O 2 →ROO+→……→CO 2 +H 2 O
meanwhile, when alkali is added to adjust the pH of the wastewater, fe (OH) exists 3 The colloid appears, which has flocculation effect and can greatly reduce suspended matters in water.
Fe 3+ +3OH - →Fe(OH) 3 ↓
When the method is applied, the hydrolysis acidification pool degrades macromolecular organic matters in water into micromolecular organic matters through hydrolysis and acidification reaction of anaerobic microorganisms, so that the biodegradability of wastewater is improved;
the effluent of the hydrolysis acidification tank sequentially enters an anoxic-aerobic tank, and meanwhile, mixed liquor of the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank, and the reflux ratio of the mixed liquor is 100-200%. Most of degradable organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, partial bacteria and other pollutants in water are removed under the nitrification-denitrification effect of microorganisms;
an MBR tank is adopted to replace a traditional secondary sedimentation tank, so that the occupied area is reduced, the concentration of return sludge is improved, meanwhile, the MBR membrane plays a role in intercepting, solid-liquid separation is realized, and the water outlet is ensured;
the effluent of the MBR pool is advanced treated in an ultrafiltration device, the surface of the ultrafiltration membrane has the comprehensive effects of mechanical screening, membrane Kong Zuzhi and membrane surface and membrane pore adsorption, most suspended matters, macromolecular inorganic salt ions and bacteria in the water are removed, and the effluent quality is recycled or discharged after reaching the standard;
the high-concentration medical wastewater, hospital domestic wastewater and canteen wastewater are respectively pretreated, so that pollutants in the high-concentration medical wastewater can be effectively removed, and the influence of chloride ions and partial harmful pathogens in the medical wastewater on biochemical treatment is reduced.
What has been described above is merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The medical wastewater comprehensive treatment method is characterized by comprising a medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system, wherein the system comprises a grid tank, a first adjusting tank, a chemical reaction tank, a sedimentation tank, a septic tank, a second adjusting tank, a hydrolytic acidification tank, an MBR tank and a clean water tank, wherein the grid tank is used for connecting medical wastewater to carry out rough filtration treatment; the method comprises the steps that sludge in a sedimentation tank is discharged into a sludge tank, sewage in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a second regulating tank, part of sludge in an MBR tank is returned to a hydrolysis acidification tank, part of sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, sludge in the sludge tank is dehydrated, filtrate is re-fed into a first regulating tank, effluent in a clean water tank is recycled or discharged, precipitation reaction is carried out in a chemical reaction tank according to different COD concentration, hydrolysis and acidification reaction of anaerobic microorganisms are carried out in the hydrolysis acidification tank, an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank are arranged between the hydrolysis acidification tank and the MBR tank, and part of mixed liquor in the aerobic tank is returned to the anoxic tank for nitrification and denitrification; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment: delivering the medical wastewater filtered by the grid tank to a first regulating tank, and pumping the wastewater into a chemical reaction tank by a lifting pump after the liquid level in the first regulating tank reaches a set value;
s2, according to different COD concentrations in the chemical reaction tank,carrying out precipitation reaction; when the COD concentration in the wastewater is not high, sequentially delivering alkali, PAC and PAM into a chemical reaction tank, controlling the full reaction time to be 30-60min, then adding NaClO, adding a reducing agent to remove the residual NaClO, and discharging into a sedimentation tank; when the COD concentration in the raw water is higher, acid and FeSO are sequentially added into the chemical reaction tank 4 、H 2 O 2 According to the COD concentration of the raw water, whether Fenton reagent is added or not is selected, most of organic matters are removed through Fenton oxidation reaction, and then coagulation, flocculation, disinfection and reduction reaction are carried out, and the raw water is discharged into a sedimentation tank;
s3, precipitating for 40-60min in a sedimentation tank, discharging precipitated sludge subjected to solid-liquid separation into a sludge tank, dehydrating the sludge, and feeding supernatant of the sludge tank into a first regulating tank; the sewage subjected to solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank is discharged into a second regulating tank;
s4, introducing hospital domestic sewage and canteen wastewater treated by the septic tank into a second regulating tank;
s5, biochemical treatment, namely conveying the wastewater in the second regulating tank to a hydrolysis acidification tank, and decomposing most macromolecular organic matters in the water into micromolecular organic matters under the action of microorganisms;
s6, the MBR membrane component further filters water, part of sludge in the MBR tank flows back to the hydrolysis acidification tank, part of sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, sludge is dehydrated, and filtrate enters the first regulating tank again;
s7, the effluent of the MBR pool enters a clean water pool, the clean water pool is connected with an ultrafiltration device for further deep filtration, and the effluent after ultrafiltration is recycled or discharged.
2. The medical wastewater comprehensive treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the water outlet end of the hydrolysis acidification tank flows into an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank in sequence;
and meanwhile, part of mixed liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank, and most of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, COD, bacteria and the like in the water are removed under the alternate actions of nitrification and denitrification.
3. The medical wastewater comprehensive treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, medical wastewater to be treated firstly passes through a grid pool to trap floaters and large-particle pollutants in the water, and then enters a first regulating pool.
4. The medical wastewater comprehensive treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, when the raw water COD concentration is high, dilute sulfuric acid is added to adjust the ph=2-3 of the wastewater, and FeSO is added under acidic condition 4 、H 2 O 2 And adding alkali to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to be 8-9, and then adding PAC and PAM to carry out coagulation and flocculation reaction.
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