CN102786183B - Method for processing garbage leachate - Google Patents

Method for processing garbage leachate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102786183B
CN102786183B CN2012100865958A CN201210086595A CN102786183B CN 102786183 B CN102786183 B CN 102786183B CN 2012100865958 A CN2012100865958 A CN 2012100865958A CN 201210086595 A CN201210086595 A CN 201210086595A CN 102786183 B CN102786183 B CN 102786183B
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percolate
electrolysis
treatment
membrane
ammonia nitrogen
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CN102786183A (en
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张世文
李丹
殷明彩
秦婧
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Boying Xiamen Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Boying Xiamen Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C02F1/5254—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using magnesium compounds and phosphoric acid for removing ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for processing a landfill leachate, which comprises the following steps of ammonia nitrogen removal, flocculent precipitate, electrolysis, capacitance desalination, anaerobic treatment, aerobic treatment, membrane filtration and membrane concentrate treatment. The method for processing the landfill leachate has the advantages that an electrolysis technology, a membrane technology and a bio-chemical technology are combined to form a method for processing the landfill leachate, the method has the characteristics of stable operation, strong adaptive capacity on water quality change, low cost, high treatment efficiency, effective reduction of index of ammonia nitrogen, COD, SS, chromaticity in the landfill leachate and standard discharge of effluent.

Description

The treatment process of percolate
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment engineering, it relates to a kind for the treatment of process of sewage, refers to especially that a kind of cost is lower, the effect treatment process of percolate preferably.
Background technology
Percolate is a kind of high density organic garbage filter liquid that is difficult to process, and it is mainly from following three aspects: 1, natural precipitation and the runoff in landfill yard; 2, the water that contains of rubbish self; 3, the water that produces due to the anaerobic digestion of microorganism after garbage loading embeading; Wherein the precipitation in landfill yard is major portion.City garbage percolate pollutant load representative value is as shown in table 1.
The main component (except pH and sense index, unit is mg/L) of the general percolate of table 1
Project The change in concentration scope Project The change in concentration scope
Sense index Black/stench Muriate 189～3262
The pH value 3.7～8.5 Fe 50～600
Total hardness 3000～10000 Cu 0.1～1.43
COD Cr 1200～300000 Ca 200～300
BOD 5 200～60000 Pb 0.1～2.0
NH3-N 20～7400 Cr 0.01～2.61
Total phosphorus 1～70 Hg 0～0.032
As shown in Table 1, the water quality of percolate has following essential characteristic:
(1) Pollutant levels are high, more than COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen mostly are greatly tens～hundred times of industrial pollutants discharging standards.
(2) existing organic contamination composition, also have inorganic pollutant component, also contains simultaneously some micro heavy pollutant components, and the comprehensive pollution feature is obvious.
(3) organic pollutant category is many, complicated component.In percolate, organic pollutant is many, up to 77 kinds, non-chlorination aromatics, chlorination aromatic series compounds such as being difficult to biodegradable naphthalene, phenanthrene is arranged wherein, phosphoric acid ester, phthalic ester, phenolic compound and amino benzenes compounds etc.
(4) contain 10 many kinds of metal ions in percolate, heavy metal ion wherein can produce the severe inhibition effect to biological treatment process.
(5) in percolate, the microbial nutrition element ratio is seriously lacked of proper care.Ammonia nitrogen concentration wherein is very high, and C/N is out of proportion, and when its nutritive props is processed than biological process, the needed nutritive props of microorganism growth greatly differs from each other, and brings certain difficulty to biological treatment.
The ammonia-nitrogen content of percolate and COD concentration are high, make the surface water body anoxic, water quality deterioration; The nutritive substances such as nitrogen phosphorus are the inducements that causes body eutrophication, also may have a strong impact on drinking water source; Generally speaking, COD, BOD, BOD/COD can increase with landfill yard " age " and reduce, and level of alkalinity raises.In addition, along with the increase of stacking the time limit, new refuse gradually becomes old rubbish, and Organic Pollutants of Landfill Leachate content descends to some extent, but the ammonia-nitrogen content increase, and the biodegradability reduction, so intractability is very large.
The emphasis that percolate is administered is the processing of the processing of COD and ammonia nitrogen, especially ammonia nitrogen.Multiple technology and equipment for percolate is processed has appearred in prior art.For example disclose a kind for the treatment of process that utilizes submerged combustion evaporation technique to come the landfill waste percolate in patent document CN1485280A, this technique is mainly by oxidation operation being become carbonic acid gas and water, and processes penetrating fluid by evaporation and concentrated mode.The technology of utilizing anaerobism molecular breakdown method to come the treating refuse percolate is disclosed in patent document CN1440941, the method comprises predecomposition step, anaerobism step, decomposes oxidation step, adsorption step, step of flocculation precipitation and filtration step, and the method combines the means of physical chemistry processing and two aspects of carrying out a biological disposal upon.Similarly, in patent document CN1478737, disclosed percolate adopts electrolytic oxidation to process with film the scheme that combines, and in this technique, carries out reverse-osmosis treated after the percolate that utilizes ceramic membrane that the process electrolytic oxidation is processed filters again.
In addition, existing known electrolysis tech can effectively be removed the objectionable impurities in percolate, but the current density of traditional electrolysis is low, operating potential is high, electrical efficiency is very low, the power consumption is large, the life-span is short, cost is high, therefore is applied to percolate processing aspect effect unsatisfactory.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome complex treatment process that prior art exists, the chemical consumption amount is large, cost is high, process after the defectives such as the percolate discharging is not up to standard, organically combine by electrolysis process, membrane process and biochemical process, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, thereby form a kind of high ammonia nitrogen removal frank, high chroma clearance and high COD clearance, the method for treating garbage percolation liquid that stable, adaptable to change of water quality, expense is lower, processing efficiency is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises the following steps:
A, ammonia nitrogen removal
Percolate enters the equalizing tank regulating water quality through pipeline, the balanced water yield, and add pH adjusting agent by chemicals dosing plant in equalizing tank, flow in ammonia nitrogen blowing-off device or reaction tank after regulating the pH value, making ammonia nitrogen in high density in percolate convert free ammonia to by steam or air stripping in ammonia nitrogen blowing-off device is blown, perhaps adds appropriate Mg(OH by chemicals dosing plant in reaction tank) 2And H 3PO 4, with NH 4+Reaction generates MgNH 4PO 46H 2The O(struvite) precipitation to reach the purpose of removing ammonia nitrogen, enters the subsequent disposal operation after making its ammonia nitrogen concentration≤200mg/L;
B, flocculation sediment
Flow into coagulation basin after the percolate ammonia nitrogen removal, add appropriate flocculation agent by chemicals dosing plant in coagulation basin, enter preliminary sedimentation tank after reacting completely, the throw out of preliminary sedimentation tank (being mud) is sent in sludge sump through pump and pipeline, carry out at last filtering separation in sludge dehydration device, with the COD reduction by 10～35% of percolate;
C, electrolysis
Percolate after flocculation sediment is processed pumps into the electrolysis machine electrolysis, enters intermediate pool after electrolysis, and adds reductive agent, removes the remaining free radical that electrolysis produces; Adjacent two interelectrode voltages of electrolysis machine are 2～12V, and current density is 10～320mA/cm 2
D, capacitive desalination
During the specific conductivity of percolate after through step c electrolysis treatment 〉=5000 μ s/cm, first process through the steps d capacitive desalination, make its specific conductivity be reduced to 500～3000 μ s/cm, then enter step e anaerobic treatment; During the specific conductivity of percolate after through step c electrolysis treatment＜5000 μ s/cm, directly enter step e anaerobic treatment;
E, anaerobic treatment
Percolate after electrolysis treatment or capacitive desalination are processed enters in hydrolysis acidification pool and anoxic pond successively, the residence time is 8～72 hours, larger molecular organics in hydrolysis acidification pool in percolate acidication under the effect of acid-producing bacteria becomes small organic molecule, resolve into methane and carbon dioxide under the absorption of anerobe, the oxygen bacterium of holding concurrently, fermentation, the acting in conjunction of product methane in the process anoxic pond again, improve the B/C value, improve biodegradability; Denitrification by denitrifying bacterium in anoxic pond simultaneously further removes the ammonia nitrogen in percolate;
F, aerobic treatment
Percolate after anaerobic treatment enters in the Aerobic Pond of microorganisms such as containing aerobic bacteria, nitrobacteria and nitrite bacteria, the residence time is 16～360 hours, make good use of the organism in the further oxygenolysis percolate of oxygen animalcule, the degree of depth is removed COD and the BOD in percolate, utilizes simultaneously the nitrification of nitrobacteria and the nitrosification of nitrite bacteria to make ammonia-state nitrogen be converted into nitric nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen; In addition, the partially mixed liquid of Aerobic Pond is back to anoxic pond by reflux pump;
G, re-electrolysis
When through the COD of the percolate after aerobic treatment 〉=400mg/L, to carry out re-electrolysis through the percolate after aerobic treatment, make wherein larger molecular organics open loop chain rupture, improve biodegradability, and during electrolysis, adjacent two interelectrode voltages of electrolysis machine are 3～18V, and current density is 20～320mA/cm 2When through the COD of the percolate after aerobic treatment＜400mg/L, directly enter step h membrane filtration;
H, membrane filtration
Percolate after aerobic treatment or re-electrolysis are processed flows into second pond, after further COD, the BOD and SS that removes in percolate of precipitation, make water outlet reach the reuse water standard through membrane filtration, the mud part of second pond bottom through pump reflux to anoxic pond, another part flows in sludge sump by pipeline, become filtrate and mud cake through the sludge dehydration device filtering separation again, filtrate flow in equalizing tank through back of pipeline, and mud cake is transported outward;
I, film filtration concentrated processing
After the concentrated solution that step h membrane filtration produces is processed through capacitive desalination, then be circulated to anoxic pond through pump reflux.
In step a, described ammonia nitrogen blowing-off device is a kind of of stripping tower, packing tower or gravity machine; The ammonia that described stripping goes out can be back to soda ash production with absorption by Hydrochloric Acid generation ammonium chloride and make mother liquor, and also used water absorbs and produces ammoniacal liquor or produce the ammonium sulfate byproduct with sulfuric acid absorption;
In step a, described MgNH 4PO 46H 2The O(struvite) throw out after the processes such as granulation, can be developed as composite fertilizer and use.
In step b, described flocculation agent is a kind of or any two the above combination in aluminium salt (Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride), molysite (ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iron(ic) chloride), poly-aluminium (polymerize aluminum chloride, polyaluminium sulfate, polymer aluminium silicate), Polyferric Sulfate (poly-ferric chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, polymeric silicicacid iron), organic polymer coargulator or microbial flocculant; Described pH adjusting agent is a kind of in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, lime.
In step b, optimum flocculent is bodied ferric sulfate (PFS), and its dosage is percolate 200～2000g per ton.
In step b, optimum flocculent is ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4), its dosage is percolate 230～1800g per ton.
In step c, described electrolysis machine is provided with power supply and electrolyzer, and the electrode materials in electrolyzer is a kind of in the alloy of graphite, titanium, iron, aluminium, zinc, copper, lead, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, metal and nano-catalytic noble electrode etc.; The top layer of described nano-catalytic noble electrode is coated with the metal oxide inertia catalyst coatings that crystal grain is 10～35nm; The substrate of described nano-catalytic noble electrode can be titanium plate or plastic plate.
Further, in step c, described best electrolysis is the nano-catalytic electrolysis, the structure of described nano-catalytic electrolysis machine is seen Chinese patent CN102010038A, the operating voltage of electrolysis is 2～500V, and adjacent two interelectrode voltages are 2～8 V, and current density is 10～300mA/cm 2
During nano-catalytic electrolysis percolate, the strong oxidizing property materials such as radical chlorine [Cl], radical oxygen [O] and hydroxyl [OH] that produce are killed organism, the ammonium ion in microorganism in percolate, oxygenolysis percolate, make the large ring open loop of organic substance in percolate, the long-chain chain rupture, both eliminated the colourity of percolate, also removed stink, also improve the biodegradability of percolate, and percolate is taken off surely under electric field action, suspended substance in percolate, colloid, charged corpuscle form larger particles.In addition, the positively charged ion in percolate, negatively charged ion move to negative electrode and anode respectively, in negative electrode and anode generation Effect of Electric Double Layer and the effect of many electricity layers, form precipitation and bring out throwing out, accelerating impurity sedimentation; The hydrogen small bubbles that electrolysis produces also have air flotation effect.
Adopt the nano-catalytic electrolysis to have following outstanding effect:
At first, make macrocylc compound open loop in percolate, long-chain chain rupture by electrolysis, the radical oxygenolysis organism that produces, fast reducing COD has improved the biodegradability of percolate, thereby has created better biochemical condition for follow-up anaerobic unit.
Secondly, kill the microorganism in percolate by the multiple radical (strong oxidizing property material) that electrolysis produces, make in follow-up anaerobic treatment and can cultivate larger dominant microflora, bring into play better biochemical effect, make the effluent quality of anaerobic treatment better.
The 3rd, the Inorganic Ammonium in the oxygenolysis percolate makes ammonium ion be converted into nitrogen, nitrate radical, nitrite anions and water, and the decreasing ratio of ammonia nitrogen can reach 80～90%, makes the ammonia nitrogen that enters biochemical front percolate less than 100mg/L, eliminates simultaneously stink in water.
The 4th, the colourity of decrease percolate, the strong oxidizing property free radicals such as chlorine [Cl], hydroxyl [OH] and oxygen [O] that electrolysis produces can oxygenolysis residue in chromophoric group in percolate, auxochrome group, reduce percolate colourity, reach the purpose of decolouring.
The 5th, deodorizing, the osmophore in multiple radical (strong oxidizing property material) the oxygenolysis percolate that electrolysis produces is removed the stench in percolate.
The 6th, positively charged ion during electrolysis in percolate and negatively charged ion move to negative electrode and the anode of electrolysis machine electrolyzer respectively, Effect of Electric Double Layer occurs, form precipitation near negative electrode and anode, thereby the heavy metal ion content in the reduction percolate, thereby alleviate heavy metal ion to inhibition, the toxic action of anaerobism, aerobic microbiological in follow-up unit.
In step f, the reflux ratio of described mixed solution is 3:1 or 2:1, is conducive to the ammonia nitrogen that the denitrification of denitrifying bacterium in anoxic pond removes percolate.
In step h, described membrane filtration filters for the percolate through the second pond precipitate and separate passes through membrane bioreactor (MBR) again; Described MBR membrane module is selected from a kind of in Pvdf Microporous Hollow Fiber Membrane, polypropylene hollow fiber membrane, ps hollow fiber uf membrane, polyethersulfone, polyacrylonitrile and PVC hollow fiber membrane, membrane pore size is 0.10～0.2 μ m, operating pressure is-1～-50kPa, working temperature is 5～45 ℃.
In step h, after the percolate process immersion ultrafiltration or pillar ultra-filtration filters of described membrane filtration for process second pond precipitate and separate, then filter through nanofiltration; Described ultrafiltration is a kind of of immersion ultrafiltration, pillar ultrafiltration, tubular type ultrafiltration, spiral wound or plate-type hyperfiltration, molecular weight cut-off is 1000～100000MWCO, working conditions is: normal temperature～45 ℃, the operating pressure of immersion ultrafiltration is-1～-50kPa, the operating pressure of pillar ultrafiltration, tubular type ultrafiltration, spiral wound and plate-type hyperfiltration is 3～300kPa; The membrane module of described nanofiltration is rolled membrane module, and the mould material of nanofiltration membrane is cellulose acetate film or composite nanometer filtering film in organic membrane, and the molecular weight cut-off of nanofiltration membrane is 200～500MWCO, and entrance pressure is 6.0～45.0bar, and going out to press is 4.5～43.5 bar.
In step h, after the percolate process ultra-filtration filters of described membrane filtration for process second pond precipitate and separate, then pass through reverse osmosis (RO) and filter; The membrane module of described reverse osmosis is rolled membrane module, and mould material is cellulose acetate film or composite membrane in organic membrane, and the molecular weight cut-off of mould material is 50～200MWCO, and entrance pressure can be 6.0～45.0bar, goes out to press to can be 4.5～35 bar.
By the above-mentioned description of this invention as can be known, compared to the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) pass through electrolysis step, make non-chlorination aromatics, chlorination aromatic series compounds such as being difficult to biodegradable naphthalene, phenanthrene in percolate, phosphoric acid ester, phthalic ester, the open loop such as phenolic compound and amino benzenes compounds, chain rupture, not only can reduce COD, and improved the biodegradability of percolate, can reach 80～90% to the decreasing ratio of the remaining ammonia nitrogen after ammonia nitrogen removal simultaneously, effectively remove heavy metal ion in percolate by the electrolytic flocculation precipitating action simultaneously, for follow-up treatment process is created better biochemical condition.
(2) nano-catalytic electrolysis machine employing surface coverage has and has good catalytic effect crystal grain the noble electrode of the nano-catalytic coating that is 10～35nm to make anode, anode does not consume, cost is low, electrical efficiency is high, be more than 10 times of ordinary electrode electrolytic efficiency, the ton percolate is processed the electric energy that consumes and is significantly reduced.
(3) bioremediation by anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment can further effectively reduce ammonia nitrogen, COD and the BOD in percolate.
(4) by above steps coordinate in order can guarantee percolate process after indices all reach " household refuse landfill sites pollution control criterion " (GB16889-2008) requirement of emission standard, for the processing of landfill percolate provides reliable assurance.
(5) by with film filtration concentrated pass through again the desalination of electric capacity ionic adsorption after, then pass back into biosystem, thoroughly solve film filtration concentrated emission problem.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
1 the specific embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
The percolate of certain garbage sanitary filling field 1000 ton per day is processed engineering
The water quality situation is as shown in table 2 after measured for the former water of described percolate.
The water quality situation of the former water of table 2 percolate.
Sequence number Project Unit Measured value Sequence number Project Unit Measured value
1 COD Cr mg/L 16800 5 Ammonia nitrogen mg/L 1240
2 SS mg/L 570 6 Colourity Doubly 1200
3 Turbidity NTU 505 7 The pH value - 6.8
4 BOD 5 mg/L 2866 8 Specific conductivity μS/cm 4300
Step a, ammonia nitrogen removal
Percolate enters the equalizing tank regulating water quality through pipeline, and the balanced water yield makes flow and parameter from refuse landfill percolate of different nature everywhere be able to abundant adjusting, is convenient to the processing of follow-up unit.And add sodium hydroxide solution to regulate pH value to 9 ~ 11 by chemicals dosing plant in equalizing tank, then flow in reaction tank, add Mg(OH by chemicals dosing plant in reaction tank) 2And H 3PO 4, make itself and NH 4+Reaction generates MgNH 4PO 46H 2The O(struvite) precipitation to reach the purpose of removing ammonia nitrogen, enters coagulation basin after making its ammonia nitrogen concentration≤200mg/L; The struvite throw out after the processes such as granulation, use as composite fertilizer by exploitation.
Step b, flocculation sediment
Flow into coagulation basin after the percolate ammonia nitrogen removal, percolate per ton enters preliminary sedimentation tank after adding 200g bodied ferric sulfate (PFS) to react completely, the precipitation of preliminary sedimentation tank (being mud) is sent in sludge sump through pump and pipeline, carries out at last filtering separation in sludge dehydration device; Enter electrolysis machine after COD reduction by 10～35% with percolate.
Above-mentioned bodied ferric sulfate is flocculation agent.Flocculation agent can be a kind of or any two the above combination in aluminium salt (Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride), molysite (ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iron(ic) chloride), poly-aluminium (polymerize aluminum chloride, polyaluminium sulfate, polymer aluminium silicate), Polyferric Sulfate (poly-ferric chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, polymeric silicicacid iron), organic polymer coargulator or microbial flocculant.
Step c, electrolysis
Then percolate enters intermediate pool, and adds reductive agent through flowing into the electrolysis machine electrolysis after flocculation sediment, removes the remaining free radical that electrolysis produces.Described electrolysis machine is the nano-catalytic electrolysis machine, and its operating voltage is 40V, and current density is 20mA/cm 2, the voltage of two interpolars is 3.5 V.The free radical chlorine [Cl] of the strong oxidizing property that the little electrolysis of nano-catalytic produces, oxygen [O] and hydroxyl [OH] energy Quick Oxidation decompose the organic substance in percolate, make the large organic molecule open loop, chain rupture, the macromole that are difficult to biochemical degradation in percolate be decomposed into small molecules, that reduces COD and improve percolate can be biochemical, for biochemistry provides better condition; Make simultaneously chromophoric group, the auxochrome group oxidation of the dye molecule in percolate or be reduced to colourless group, reaching the purpose of decolouring; Moreover, positively charged ion in percolate and negatively charged ion move to negative electrode and the anode of electrolysis machine electrolyzer respectively, form precipitation near negative electrode and anode, thereby the heavy metal ion content in the reduction percolate, thereby alleviate heavy metal ion to inhibition, the toxic action of anaerobism, aerobic microbiological in follow-up unit; In addition, can also kill microorganism in percolate, and make suspended substance, colloid, charged corpuscle in percolate form larger particles under electric field action.
Steps d, anaerobic treatment
The specific conductivity of the percolate after electrolysis treatment＜5000 μ s/cm, therefore directly enter in hydrolysis acidification pool and anoxic pond, the residence time is 10 hours, larger molecular organics in hydrolysis acidification pool in percolate acidication under the effect of acid-producing bacteria becomes small organic molecule, resolve into methane and carbon dioxide under the absorption of anerobe, the oxygen bacterium of holding concurrently, fermentation, the acting in conjunction of product methane in the process anoxic pond again, improve the B/C value, improve biodegradability; Denitrification by denitrifying bacterium in anoxic pond simultaneously further removes the ammonia nitrogen in percolate.
Step e, aerobic treatment
Percolate after anaerobic treatment enters in the Aerobic Pond of microorganisms such as containing aerobic bacteria, nitrobacteria and nitrite bacteria, the residence time is 18 hours, make good use of the organism in the further oxygenolysis percolate of oxygen animalcule, the degree of depth is removed COD and the BOD in percolate, utilizes simultaneously the nitrification of nitrobacteria and the nitrosification of nitrite bacteria to make ammonia-state nitrogen be converted into nitric nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen; In addition, the mixed solution of Aerobic Pond is back to anoxic pond with the ratio of 2:1 by reflux pump.
Step f, membrane filtration
COD＜the 400mg/L of the percolate after aerobic treatment, flow directly into second pond, through COD, BOD in the further removal of precipitation percolate, SS etc., make water outlet reach the reuse water standard through the MBR filtering separation, to anoxic pond, another part flows in sludge sump by pipeline the mud part of second pond bottom, then becomes filtrate and mud cake through the sludge dehydration device filtering separation through pump reflux, filtrate flow in equalizing tank through back of pipeline, and mud cake is transported outward.
Described MBR membrane module is polypropylene hollow fiber membrane, and membrane pore size is 0.10～0.2 μ m, operating pressure is-1～-50kPa, working temperature is 5～45 ℃.
G, film filtration concentrated processing
After in step f, MBR filters the concentrated solution process capacitive desalination processing that produces, then be circulated to anoxic pond through pump reflux.
The effluent quality situation of the percolate after table 3 is processed
Sequence number Project Unit Measured value Sequence number Project Unit Measured value
1 COD Cr mg/L 58 5 Ammonia nitrogen mg/L ≤5
2 SS mg/L ≤5 6 Colourity Doubly 8
3 Turbidity NTU ≤5 7 The pH value - 7.2
4 BOD 5 mg/L 16 8 Specific conductivity μS/cm ≤3500
Embodiment 2
The percolate of certain garbage sanitary filling field 300 ton per day is processed engineering
Index is as shown in table 4 after measured for the former water of described percolate.
The water quality situation of the former water of table 4 percolate.
Sequence number Project Unit Measured value Sequence number Project Unit Measured value
1 COD Cr mg/L 89600 5 Ammonia nitrogen mg/L 3660
2 SS mg/L 802 6 Colourity Doubly 2500
3 Turbidity NTU 730 7 The pH value - 9.3
4 BOD 5 mg/L 17900 8 Specific conductivity μS/cm 9030
Step a, ammonia nitrogen removal
Percolate enters the equalizing tank regulating water quality through pipeline, and the balanced water yield makes flow and parameter from refuse landfill percolate of different nature everywhere be able to abundant adjusting, is convenient to the processing of follow-up unit.And add lime to regulate pH value to 10 ~ 11 by chemicals dosing plant in equalizing tank, then flow in stripping tower, making ammonia nitrogen in high density in percolate convert free ammonia to by the steam stripping is blown, to reach the purpose of removing ammonia nitrogen, enter rear coagulation basin after making its ammonia nitrogen concentration≤200mg/L; The ammonia that stripping goes out is back to soda ash production with absorption by Hydrochloric Acid generation ammonium chloride and makes mother liquor.
Step b, flocculation sediment
Flow into coagulation basin after the percolate ammonia nitrogen removal, percolate per ton adds 250g ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4), entering preliminary sedimentation tank after reacting completely, the precipitation of preliminary sedimentation tank (being mud) is sent in sludge sump through pump and pipeline, carries out at last filtering separation in sludge dehydration device; The COD of percolate reduces by 10～35% rear inflow electrolysis machines.
Above-mentioned ferrous sulfate is flocculation agent.Flocculation agent can be a kind of or any two the above combination in aluminium salt (Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride), molysite (ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iron(ic) chloride), poly-aluminium (polymerize aluminum chloride, polyaluminium sulfate, polymer aluminium silicate), Polyferric Sulfate (poly-ferric chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, polymeric silicicacid iron), organic polymer coargulator or microbial flocculant.
Step c, electrolysis
Percolate enters intermediate pool, and adds reductive agent through flowing into the electrolysis machine electrolysis after flocculation sediment after electrolysis, remove the remaining free radical that electrolysis produces; The electrolysis machine operating voltage is 4V, and current density is 150mA/cm 2, the voltage between two neighboring pole is 2 V.
Steps d, capacitive desalination
The specific conductivity of percolate after step c electrolysis treatment＞5000 μ s/cm first carry out capacitive desalination and process, and enter step e anaerobic treatment after making its specific conductivity be reduced to 500～3000 μ s/cm.
Step e, anaerobic treatment
Percolate after capacitive desalination is processed enters in hydrolysis acidification pool and anoxic pond successively, the residence time is 36 hours, larger molecular organics in hydrolysis acidification pool in percolate acidication under the effect of acid-producing bacteria becomes small organic molecule, resolve into methane and carbon dioxide under the absorption of anerobe, the oxygen bacterium of holding concurrently, fermentation, the acting in conjunction of product methane in the process anoxic pond again, improve the B/C value, improve biodegradability; Denitrification by denitrifying bacterium in anoxic pond simultaneously further removes the ammonia nitrogen in percolate.
Step f, aerobic treatment
Percolate after anaerobic treatment enters in the Aerobic Pond of microorganisms such as containing aerobic bacteria, nitrobacteria and nitrite bacteria, the residence time is 180 hours, make good use of the organism in the further oxygenolysis percolate of oxygen animalcule, the degree of depth is removed the COD in percolate CrAnd BOD 5, utilize simultaneously the nitrification of nitrobacteria and the nitrosification of nitrite bacteria to make ammonia-state nitrogen be converted into nitric nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen; In addition, the mixed solution of Aerobic Pond is back to anoxic pond with the ratio of 2:1 by reflux pump.
Step g, re-electrolysis
COD 〉=the 400mg/L of the percolate after aerobic treatment, therefore flowing into electrolysis machine carries out re-electrolysis, makes wherein larger molecular organics open loop chain rupture, improve biodegradability, and during electrolysis, adjacent two interelectrode voltages of electrolysis machine are 5V, and current density is 190mA/cm 2
Step h, membrane filtration
Percolate after re-electrolysis is processed flows into second pond, after further COD, the BOD and SS that removes in percolate of precipitation, make water outlet reach the reuse water standard through immersion ultrafiltration and nanofiltration filtration successively, the mud part of second pond bottom through pump reflux to anoxic pond, another part flows in sludge sump by pipeline, become filtrate and mud cake through the sludge dehydration device filtering separation again, filtrate flow in equalizing tank through back of pipeline, and mud cake is transported outward.
The working conditions of described immersion ultrafiltration is: normal temperature～45 ℃, operating pressure are-1～-50kPa; The membrane module of described nanofiltration is rolled membrane module, and mould material is composite nanometer filtering film, and entrance pressure is 6.0～45.0bar, and going out to press is 4.5～43.5 bar.
Above-mentioned ultra-filtration equipment is the immersion ultrafiltration.Ultra-filtration equipment can be a kind of of immersion ultrafiltration, pillar ultrafiltration, tubular type ultrafiltration, spiral wound or plate-type hyperfiltration.
Step I, film filtration concentrated processing
After the concentrated solution process capacitive desalination processing that produces is filtered in the ultrafiltration of step h immersion and nanofiltration, then be circulated to anoxic pond through pump reflux.
The effluent quality situation of the percolate after table 5 is processed
Sequence number Project Unit Measured value Sequence number Project Unit Measured value
1 COD Cr mg/L 54 5 Ammonia nitrogen mg/L ≤5
2 SS mg/L ≤5 6 Colourity Doubly 3
3 Turbidity NTU ≤5 7 The pH value - 7.2
4 BOD 5 mg/L 17 8 Specific conductivity μS/cm ≤1200
Embodiment 3
The percolate of certain garbage sanitary filling field 1500 ton per day is processed engineering
Index is as shown in table 6 after measured for the former water of described percolate.
The water quality situation of the former water of table 6 percolate.
Sequence number Project Unit Measured value Sequence number Project Unit Measured value
1 COD Cr mg/L 284300 5 Ammonia nitrogen mg/L 4510
2 SS mg/L 1381 6 Colourity Doubly 4500
3 Turbidity NTU 1200 7 The pH value - 9.5
4 BOD 5 mg/L 42800 8 Specific conductivity μS/cm 11290
Step a, ammonia nitrogen removal
Percolate enters the equalizing tank regulating water quality through pipeline, and the balanced water yield makes flow and parameter from refuse landfill percolate of different nature everywhere be able to abundant adjusting, is convenient to the processing of follow-up unit.And add lime to regulate pH value to 10 ~ 11 by chemicals dosing plant in equalizing tank, then flow in gravity machine, making ammonia nitrogen in high density in percolate convert free ammonia to by air stripping is blown, to reach the purpose of removing ammonia nitrogen, enter coagulation basin after making its ammonia nitrogen concentration≤200mg/L, the ammonia that stripping goes out is produced the ammonium sulfate byproduct with sulfuric acid absorption
Step b, flocculation sediment
Flow into coagulation basin after the percolate ammonia nitrogen removal, percolate per ton adds 1500g ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4), entering preliminary sedimentation tank after reacting completely, the precipitation of preliminary sedimentation tank (being mud) is sent in sludge sump through pump and pipeline, carries out at last filtering separation in sludge dehydration device; Enter electrolysis machine after COD reduction by 10～35% with percolate.
Above-mentioned ferrous sulfate is flocculation agent.Flocculation agent can be a kind of or any two the above combination in aluminium salt (Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride), molysite (ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iron(ic) chloride), poly-aluminium (polymerize aluminum chloride, polyaluminium sulfate, polymer aluminium silicate), Polyferric Sulfate (poly-ferric chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, polymeric silicicacid iron), organic polymer coargulator or microbial flocculant.
Step c, electrolysis
Percolate after flocculation sediment is processed pumps into the electrolysis machine electrolysis, enters intermediate pool after electrolysis, and adds reductive agent, removes the remaining free radical that electrolysis produces; The current density of electrolysis machine is 320mA/cm 2, the voltage of two interpolars is 12 V.
Steps d, capacitive desalination
Through the specific conductivity of percolate after step c electrolysis treatment 〉=5000 μ s/cm, therefore first process through capacitive desalination, enter step e anaerobic treatment after making its specific conductivity be reduced to 500～3000 μ s/cm.
Step e, anaerobic treatment
Percolate after capacitive desalination is processed enters in hydrolysis acidification pool and anoxic pond successively, the residence time is 72 hours, larger molecular organics in hydrolysis acidification pool in percolate acidication under the effect of acid-producing bacteria becomes small organic molecule, resolve into methane and carbon dioxide under the absorption of anerobe, the oxygen bacterium of holding concurrently, fermentation, the acting in conjunction of product methane in the process anoxic pond again, improve the B/C value, improve biodegradability; Denitrification by denitrifying bacterium in anoxic pond simultaneously further removes the ammonia nitrogen in percolate.
Step f, aerobic treatment
Percolate after anaerobic treatment enters in the Aerobic Pond of microorganisms such as containing aerobic bacteria, nitrobacteria and nitrite bacteria, the residence time is 280 hours, make good use of the organism in the further oxygenolysis percolate of oxygen animalcule, the degree of depth is removed the COD in percolate CrAnd BOD 5, utilize simultaneously the nitrification of nitrobacteria and the nitrosification of nitrite bacteria to make ammonia-state nitrogen be converted into nitric nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen; In addition, the mixed solution of Aerobic Pond is back to anoxic pond with the ratio of 3:1 by reflux pump.
Step g, re-electrolysis
COD 〉=the 400mg/L of the percolate after aerobic treatment, therefore flowing into electrolysis machine carries out re-electrolysis, makes wherein larger molecular organics open loop chain rupture, improve biodegradability, and during electrolysis, adjacent two interelectrode voltages of electrolysis machine are 16V, and current density is 300mA/cm 2
Step h, membrane filtration
Percolate after re-electrolysis is processed flows into second pond, after further COD, the BOD and SS that removes in percolate of precipitation, make water outlet reach the reuse water standard through pillar ultrafiltration and osmosis filtration successively, the mud part of second pond bottom through pump reflux to anoxic pond, another part flows in sludge sump by pipeline, become filtrate and mud cake through the sludge dehydration device filtering separation again, filtrate flow in equalizing tank through back of pipeline, and mud cake is transported outward.
The working conditions of described pillar ultrafiltration is: normal temperature～45 ℃, and operating pressure is 3～300kPa; The membrane module of described reverse osmosis is rolled membrane module, and mould material is composite membrane, and entrance pressure can be 6.0～45.0bar, goes out to press to can be 4.5～35 bar.
Above-mentioned ultra-filtration equipment is the pillar ultrafiltration.Ultra-filtration equipment can be a kind of of immersion ultrafiltration, pillar ultrafiltration, tubular type ultrafiltration, spiral wound or plate-type hyperfiltration.
Step I, film filtration concentrated processing
After the concentrated solution that the ultrafiltration of step h pillar and osmosis filtration produce is processed through capacitive desalination, then be circulated to anoxic pond through pump reflux.
The effluent quality situation of the percolate after table 7 is processed
Sequence number Project Unit Measured value Sequence number Project Unit Measured value
1 COD Cr mg/L 46 5 Ammonia nitrogen mg/L ≤5
2 SS mg/L ≤5 6 Colourity Doubly 5
3 Turbidity NTU ≤5 7 The pH value - 7.2
4 BOD 5 mg/L 21 8 Specific conductivity μS/cm ≤100
Above-mentioned is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, allly utilizes this design to carry out the change of unsubstantiality to the present invention, all should belong to the behavior of invading protection domain of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. the treatment process of a percolate is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
A, ammonia nitrogen removal
Percolate enters the equalizing tank regulating water quality through pipeline, the balanced water yield, and add pH adjusting agent by chemicals dosing plant in equalizing tank, flow in ammonia nitrogen blowing-off device or reaction tank after regulating the pH value, making ammonia nitrogen in high density in percolate convert free ammonia to by steam or air stripping in ammonia nitrogen blowing-off device is blown, perhaps adds appropriate Mg(OH by chemicals dosing plant in reaction tank) 2And H 3PO 4, with NH 4+Reaction generates MgNH 4PO 46H 2O precipitation to reach the purpose of removing ammonia nitrogen, enters the subsequent disposal operation after making its ammonia nitrogen concentration≤200mg/L;
B, flocculation sediment
Flow into coagulation basin after the percolate ammonia nitrogen removal, add appropriate flocculation agent by chemicals dosing plant in coagulation basin, enter preliminary sedimentation tank after reacting completely, the throw out of preliminary sedimentation tank is sent in sludge sump through pump and pipeline, carry out at last filtering separation in sludge dehydration device, with the COD reduction by 10～35% of percolate;
C, electrolysis
Percolate after flocculation sediment is processed pumps into the electrolysis machine electrolysis, enters intermediate pool after electrolysis, and adds reductive agent, removes the remaining free radical that electrolysis produces; Adjacent two interelectrode voltages of electrolysis machine are 2～12V, and current density is 10～320mA/cm 2
D, capacitive desalination
During the specific conductivity of percolate after through step c electrolysis treatment 〉=5000 μ s/cm, first process through the steps d capacitive desalination, make its specific conductivity be reduced to 500～3000 μ s/cm, then enter step e anaerobic treatment; During the specific conductivity of percolate after through step c electrolysis treatment＜5000 μ s/cm, directly enter step e anaerobic treatment;
E, anaerobic treatment
Percolate after electrolysis treatment or capacitive desalination are processed enters in hydrolysis acidification pool and anoxic pond successively, the residence time is 8～72 hours, larger molecular organics in hydrolysis acidification pool in percolate acidication under the effect of acid-producing bacteria becomes small organic molecule, resolve into methane and carbon dioxide under the absorption of anerobe, the oxygen bacterium of holding concurrently, fermentation, the acting in conjunction of product methane in the process anoxic pond again, improve the B/C value, improve biodegradability; Denitrification by denitrifying bacterium in anoxic pond simultaneously further removes the ammonia nitrogen in percolate;
F, aerobic treatment
Percolate after anaerobic treatment enters in the Aerobic Pond that contains aerobic bacteria, nitrobacteria and nitrite bacteria, the residence time is 16～360 hours, make good use of the organism in the further oxygenolysis percolate of oxygen animalcule, the degree of depth is removed COD and the BOD in percolate, utilizes simultaneously the nitrification of nitrobacteria and the nitrosification of nitrite bacteria to make ammonia-state nitrogen be converted into nitric nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen; In addition, the partially mixed liquid of Aerobic Pond is back to anoxic pond by reflux pump;
G, re-electrolysis
When through the COD of the percolate after aerobic treatment 〉=400mg/L, to carry out re-electrolysis through the percolate after aerobic treatment, make wherein larger molecular organics open loop chain rupture, improve biodegradability, and during electrolysis, adjacent two interelectrode voltages of electrolysis machine are 3～18V, and current density is 20～320mA/cm 2When through the COD of the percolate after aerobic treatment＜400mg/L, directly enter step h membrane filtration;
H, membrane filtration
Percolate after aerobic treatment or re-electrolysis are processed flows into second pond, after further COD, the BOD and SS that removes in percolate of precipitation, make water outlet reach the reuse water standard through membrane filtration, the mud part of second pond bottom through pump reflux to anoxic pond, another part flows in sludge sump by pipeline, become filtrate and mud cake through the sludge dehydration device filtering separation again, filtrate flow in equalizing tank through back of pipeline, and mud cake is transported outward;
I, film filtration concentrated processing
After the concentrated solution that step h membrane filtration produces is processed through capacitive desalination, then be circulated to anoxic pond through pump reflux.
2. the treatment process of a kind of percolate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: ammonia nitrogen blowing-off device described in step a is stripping tower, packing tower or gravity machine; The ammonia that described stripping goes out is back to soda ash production with absorption by Hydrochloric Acid generation ammonium chloride and makes mother liquor, or water absorbs production ammoniacal liquor or produces the ammonium sulfate byproduct with sulfuric acid absorption.
3. the treatment process of a kind of percolate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: MgNH described in step a 4PO 46H 2The O throw out is after granulation process, and exploitation is used as composite fertilizer.
4. the treatment process of a kind of percolate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: flocculation agent described in step b is a kind of or any two the above combination in aluminium salt, molysite, poly-aluminium, Polyferric Sulfate, organic polymer coargulator or microbial flocculant, described aluminium salt is Tai-Ace S 150 or aluminum chloride, described molysite is ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate or iron(ic) chloride, described poly-aluminium is polymerize aluminum chloride, polyaluminium sulfate or polymer aluminium silicate, and described Polyferric Sulfate is poly-ferric chloride, bodied ferric sulfate or polymeric silicicacid iron; Described pH adjusting agent is a kind of in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, lime.
5. as the treatment process of claim 1 or 4 described a kind of percolate, it is characterized in that: optimum flocculent described in step b is bodied ferric sulfate, and its dosage is percolate 200～2000g per ton.
6. as the treatment process of claim 1 or 4 described a kind of percolate, it is characterized in that: optimum flocculent described in step b is ferrous sulfate, and its dosage is percolate 230～1800g per ton.
7. the treatment process of a kind of percolate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: electrolysis machine described in step c is provided with power supply and electrolyzer, and the electrode materials in electrolyzer is a kind of in the alloy of graphite, titanium, iron, aluminium, zinc, copper, lead, nickel, molybdenum, chromium, metal and nano-catalytic noble electrode; The top layer of described nano-catalytic noble electrode is coated with the metal oxide inertia catalyst coatings that crystal grain is 10～35nm; The substrate of described nano-catalytic noble electrode is titanium plate or plastic plate.
8. as the treatment process of claim 1 or 7 described a kind of percolate, it is characterized in that: best electrolysis described in step c is the nano-catalytic electrolysis, the operating voltage of electrolysis is 2～500V, and adjacent two interelectrode voltages are 2～8 V, and current density is 10～300mA/cm 2
9. the treatment process of a kind of percolate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the reflux ratio of mixed solution described in step f is 3:1 or 2:1.
10. the treatment process of a kind of percolate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the percolate again process membrane bioreactor filtration of membrane filtration described in step h for passing through the second pond precipitate and separate; Described membrane bioreactor membrane module is selected from a kind of in Pvdf Microporous Hollow Fiber Membrane, polypropylene hollow fiber membrane, ps hollow fiber uf membrane, polyethersulfone, polyacrylonitrile and PVC hollow fiber membrane, membrane pore size is 0.10～0.2 μ m, operating pressure is-1～-50kPa, working temperature is 5～45 ℃.
11. the treatment process of a kind of percolate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: after the percolate process ultra-filtration filters of membrane filtration described in step h for process second pond precipitate and separate, then filter through nanofiltration; Described ultrafiltration is immersion ultrafiltration, pillar ultrafiltration, tubular type ultrafiltration, spiral wound or plate-type hyperfiltration, molecular weight cut-off is 1000～100000MWCO, working conditions is: normal temperature～45 ℃, the operating pressure of immersion ultrafiltration is-1～-50kPa, the operating pressure of pillar ultrafiltration, tubular type ultrafiltration, spiral wound and plate-type hyperfiltration is 3～300kPa; The membrane module of described nanofiltration is rolled membrane module, and the mould material of nanofiltration membrane is cellulose acetate film or composite nanometer filtering film in organic membrane, and the molecular weight cut-off of nanofiltration membrane is 200～500MWCO, and entrance pressure is 6.0～45.0bar, and going out to press is 4.5～43.5 bar.
12. the treatment process of a kind of percolate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: membrane filtration described in step h is after the percolate of process second pond precipitate and separate first passes through ultra-filtration filters, then passes through reverse osmosis (RO) and filter; The membrane module of described reverse osmosis is rolled membrane module, and mould material is cellulose acetate film or composite membrane in organic membrane, and the molecular weight cut-off of mould material is 50～200MWCO, and entrance pressure is 6.0～45.0bar, and going out to press is 4.5～35 bar.
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