CN209507918U - A kind of sewage-treatment plant suitable for sewage disposal of hospital - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment, and relates to the technical field of water treatment, including a grid, a regulating pool, a hydrolytic acidification pool, an anoxic pool, an aerobic pool, a bioreactor membrane pool, a disinfection pool, Sludge tank, drying tank and emergency tank; the grille is connected to the hydrolysis and acidification tank through the regulating tank, the hydrolysis and acidification tank is connected to the aerobic tank through the anoxic tank, and the aerobic tank is connected to the disinfection tank through the bioreactor membrane tank; the grid The grid is also connected with the emergency pool, and the emergency pool, hydrolytic acidification pool, anoxic pool, aerobic pool, bioreactor membrane pool, disinfection pool, and sludge pool are all connected with the ion deodorizer; the filling in the aerobic pool is double Large plastic ring, the outer ring is made of aldehydic fiber or polyester yarn, and the inner ring is made of snowflake-shaped plastic branches; the drying pool is made of upright perforated PVC pipe and wrapped with nylon mesh. The device of the utility model effectively prevents the sludge from clogging the gap of the filter material, prolongs the replacement time of the filter material, reduces the use cost, improves the sludge treatment effect, and is convenient for operation and management.

Description

A sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment

technical field

The utility model relates to a sewage treatment device, in particular to a sewage treatment device suitable for hospital waste water treatment, and relates to the technical field of water treatment.

Background technique

In recent years, with the improvement of hospital sewage discharge standards, some cities across the country are committed to optimizing better sewage treatment processes or improving the original treatment process, so that sewage discharge can meet the requirements of the new discharge standards. However, there are quite a few provinces and cities that have relatively low requirements for hospital sewage discharge, and are restricted by various factors such as the economy, and the treatment process of hospital sewage is relatively backward. However, it is the general development trend to choose the sewage treatment process with low investment, good treatment effect, automatic operation and management, and small footprint.

The typical process of primary treatment of hospital sewage is primary sedimentation plus disinfection. This process is suitable for hospitals whose sewage is discharged into municipal sewers, especially some general hospitals. As far as the current situation in our country is concerned, most urban hospital sewage is discharged into urban sewers after treatment, so usually only primary treatment is carried out. However, with the improvement of hospital sewage discharge standards, some big city hospitals are also actively adopting secondary treatment to ensure the quality of treated water.

Secondary treatment is usually biological treatment, and the commonly used treatment methods are: biological turntable method, biological contact oxidation method, jet aeration method, oxidation ditch method, tower biofilter method, etc. These technologies are all biological oxidation methods, usually using blast aeration, mechanical aeration, etc., to multiply the fungi and other microorganisms in the sewage to absorb and oxidize harmful substances such as organic matter in the sewage. The secondary treatment process is suitable for the discharge of hospital sewage into surface waters, and can comprehensively treat the biological pollution, physical and chemical pollution and toxic and harmful substances of sewage. Although the effluent quality of biological oxidation treatment of sewage is good, it will produce a large amount of activated sludge, which requires sludge treatment, which increases the treatment process and increases the treatment cost; at the same time, aeration will cause secondary pollution to the air; In addition, the residence time of biologically treated sewage is long, and the large area of process facilities is also its weakness. Therefore, most hospitals gradually transform the original process or build more advanced sewage treatment projects to improve the quality of effluent water and make it discharge up to the standard.

There are many methods for disinfection and treatment of hospital sewage, which can be roughly divided into two categories: physical methods and chemical methods. Physical methods include radiation method, ultraviolet method, heating method, freezing method and so on. Disinfection treatment of hospital sewage by physical methods is usually suitable for small volumes of sewage, and its treatment effect is often not as obvious as that of chemical methods, but this method has an outstanding advantage, that is, there is no secondary pollution. The most commonly used physical method is ultraviolet disinfection, which has the advantages of rapidity, simple equipment, convenient maintenance, and no secondary pollution. Continuous disinfection. Chemical methods include treatment with chemicals such as halogens, ozone, heavy metal ions, and cationic surfactants. Among them, the more commonly used are chlorination disinfection and ozone disinfection. The ozone method has excellent sterilization effect and has a history of more than 100 years. It is widely used in Western Europe, especially in France. However, the cost of ozone preparation and maintenance is high, and the equipment is not easy to manage. At the same time, due to the unstable performance of the ozone generator in our country and the easy attenuation of ozone in water, the ozone method is rarely used in our country. The most widely used method in my country is the chlorination disinfection method. In the 1980s, the liquid chlorine method was often used. This method has the advantages of stable treatment effect, simple equipment, low investment, small footprint, and low operating cost, but it is less safe. The leakage of liquid chlorine must be prevented to avoid casualties; the sodium hypochlorite method was widely used in the 1990s. This method has stable treatment effects, simple equipment, low capital investment, less land occupation, low operating costs, and safe and convenient management.

According to the relevant national standards and my country's current economic and technical conditions, the principles of hospital sewage treatment should be: first, ensure the disinfection and sterilization effect to meet the national sewage discharge standards; second, consider the direction of sewage discharge and the receiving water body and environmental function requirements for water quality. The overall technological process of hospital sewage treatment usually includes two parts: sewage pretreatment and sewage disinfection. The pretreatment of sewage usually adopts primary treatment and secondary treatment (biochemical treatment). The vast majority of hospital sewage treatment in my country adopts primary or secondary treatment, and the sewage that is disinfected after pretreatment can generally meet the requirements of the national environmental protection department and epidemic prevention department for hospital sewage treatment. At present, the disinfection treatment of hospital sewage in my country mainly adopts the addition of bleaching powder, liquid grade, and secondary acid sodium.

Aerobic biological treatment is a method of degrading pollutants under aerobic conditions with the help of aerobic microorganisms (mainly aerobic bacteria). According to the state of aerobic microorganisms in the treatment system, the method can be divided into two types: activated sludge method and biofilm method.

Anaerobic biological treatment is a treatment technology that uses facultative anaerobic bacteria and obligate anaerobic bacteria to degrade organic pollutants under anaerobic conditions. During anaerobic biological treatment, complex organic compounds are degraded and converted into simple, stable compounds with the release of energy, most of which is in the form of methane.

The existing sewage treatment methods and equipment still have some or other problems in the treatment of hospital sewage, such as low treatment efficiency, high cost, and inconvenient operation.

The problems existing in the sludge drying tank in the traditional biological treatment method are mainly manifested in: 1. When the filter material of the drying tank is too thick, it is easy to cause blockage, the floating matter (oil) floats on the top layer, the water is in the middle, and the sludge is in the In the bottom layer, since the floating matter (oil) blocks the contact surface between water and air, it cannot evaporate and filter naturally. When the filter material layer is too thin, it cannot achieve the purpose of filtering, so that the sludge drying effect is not ideal. 2. It takes about 3 months to dry the organic sludge produced by medical sewage, and every time the sludge is cleaned, a large amount of filter material will be taken away, which is greatly affected by climate change. For the inorganic sludge produced by oily sewage, it takes about half a year, and it will also cause fire hazards caused by oil pollution. 3. It is time-consuming and labor-intensive to clean up the sludge in the traditional sludge drying tank. Moreover, because the sludge containing oil slicks is not separated from the oil, it will also cause new pollution to the environment by solid waste.

Therefore, providing a hospital sewage treatment device that effectively prevents sludge from clogging the filter material gap, prolongs filter material replacement time, reduces use cost, improves sludge treatment effect, and facilitates operation and management has become an urgent technical problem in this technical field.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a hospital sewage treatment device which effectively prevents sludge from clogging the filter material gap, prolongs filter material replacement time, reduces use cost, improves sludge treatment effect, and is convenient in operation and management.

The above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment, characterized in that it includes a grid, a regulating pool, a hydrolytic acidification pool, an anoxic pool, an aerobic pool, a bioreactor membrane pool, a disinfection pool, a sludge pool, a drying pool and emergency pool; the grille is connected to the regulating pool through pipelines, the regulating pool is connected to the hydrolytic acidification pool through pipelines, the hydrolytic acidification pool is connected to the anoxic pool through pipelines, and the anoxic pool is connected to the well through pipelines The oxygen tank is connected, the aerobic tank is connected with the bioreactor membrane tank through the pipeline, and the bioreactor membrane tank is connected with the disinfection tank through the pipeline; the bioreactor membrane tank is connected with the sludge tank through the pipeline on the one hand, On the other hand, the pipeline is respectively connected with the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank to form a backflow connection; the supernatant of the sedimentation tank is returned to the regulating tank through the pipeline; the sludge tank is connected with the drying tank; the anoxic tank, Both the aerobic pool and the bioreactor membrane pool are equipped with Roots fans; the grid is also connected to the emergency pool, and the emergency pool, hydrolytic acidification pool, anoxic pool, aerobic pool, bioreactor membrane pool, disinfection Both the pool and the sludge pool are connected to the ion deodorizer; the filler in the aerobic pool is a double-circle large plastic ring, the outer ring is a formaldehyde fiber or polyester filament, and the inner ring is a snowflake-shaped plastic branch; the drying The pool adopts upright perforated PVC pipe and nylon mesh.

Preferably, the drying tank includes a tank body, a filter material layer and drainage components.

Preferably, the filter material layer is divided into two to three layers, each layer is 20-30 cm thick, and the filter material is white coal, activated carbon, quartz sand or cinder.

Preferably, the upper part of the drainage component is covered flat with bricks or a cover plate with better permeability, and the bottom is flush with the bottom of the drainage pipe network.

Beneficial effect:

The structure of the filler in the aerobic pool of the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment of the utility model is to change the buckle of the plastic disc into a double-circle large plastic ring, and press the aldehyde fiber or polyester yarn on the ring of the ring On the top, the fiber bundles are evenly distributed; the inner ring is a snowflake-like plastic branch, which can not only hang the film, but also effectively cut the air bubbles, improve the transfer rate and utilization of oxygen, fully exchange the water-air biofilm, and obtain the organic matter in the water. High-efficiency treatment; the drying tank adopts vertical perforated PVC pipe outsourcing nylon mesh, which effectively prevents the sludge from clogging the gap of the filter material, prolongs the replacement time of the filter material, reduces the use cost, improves the sludge treatment effect, and is convenient for operation and management.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a drying tank in a sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Main parts name

1 Drying pool body 2 Water inlet

3 filter wall 4 vertical perforated PVC pipe outsourcing nylon mesh

5 filter material layer 6 supporting layer

7 Drain outlet 8 Drain component

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic structural diagram of a sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment in Embodiment 1 of the utility model; the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment in Embodiment 1 of the utility model includes a grid, a regulating tank, Hydrolytic acidification pool, anoxic pool, aerobic pool, bioreactor membrane pool (MBR), disinfection pool, sludge pool, drying pool and emergency pool; the grid is connected to the regulating pool through pipelines, and the regulating Pool is connected with hydrolytic acidification pool by pipeline, and described hydrolysis acidification pool is connected with anoxic pool by pipeline, and described anoxic pool is connected with aerobic pool by pipeline, and described aerobic pool is connected with bioreactor membrane pool ( MBR) is connected, and the bioreactor membrane tank (MBR) is connected to the disinfection tank through pipelines; the bioreactor membrane tank (MBR) is connected to the sludge tank through pipelines on the one hand, and is connected to the well through pipelines on the other hand. The oxygen tank is connected to the anoxic tank to form a reflux connection; the supernatant of the sedimentation tank is returned to the regulating tank through a pipeline; fan; the grid is also connected to the emergency pool, the emergency pool, hydrolysis acidification pool, anoxic pool, aerobic pool, bioreactor membrane pool (MBR), disinfection pool, sludge pool are all connected with ion deodorizer connected.

The grid in the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment of the utility model can be a plane grid or a curved grid; the curved grid can be a fixed curved grid or a rotating drum grid; it can be Coarse grid (50 ~ 100mm), medium grid (10 ~ 40mm), fine grid (1.5 ~ 10mm) and any one.

The hydrolysis and acidification tank of the utility model in the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment has strong impact load resistance, and when the COD of the influent water is 1000mg/l, it can still ensure that the effluent is at 200mg/l, which can play a very good buffer Function: The hydraulic retention time of the hydrolytic acidification tank is short, the civil construction cost is low, and the operating cost is low, the power consumption is low, the sludge hydrolysis rate is high, the dehydrator running time is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

The hydrolytic acidification pool in the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment of the utility model found after running for a period of time that the sludge in the hydrolytic acidification pool was deposited in the pool, and in the worst case, even the entire pool was full of sludge, and some of them were dead. The mud floated up. After analysis, it was found that the main reason was that the power of the submersible mixer in the hydrolysis acidification tank was too small, and the return flow of sludge was too large, and the density of the medium in the tank was too high. Phenomenon, by reducing the return flow of sludge in the hydrolytic acidification tank to below 10%, the problem of sludge deposition can be basically solved, but the phosphorus removal efficiency and hydrolytic acidification function of the system are significantly reduced, so the utility model solves this problem well through the Roots blower question.

It is generally believed that after the sewage enters the hydrolysis acidification tank, it undergoes sufficient ammonification, and the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent of the hydrolysis tank increases compared with the influent. According to the actual operation of the utility model in a sewage treatment plant, the hydraulic retention time of the hydrolytic acidification tank is 6.4 hours, the sludge age is about 7 days, the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in the hydrolysis acidification tank reaches 45.34%, and the Kjeldahl nitrogen removal rate is 43.1% %, the total nitrogen removal rate was 36.9%; specific analysis reasons: the removal of ammonia nitrogen is generally realized by assimilation and nitrification and denitrification, and the removal by assimilation is generally less, and the removal rate is only about 10% through calculation, while the general nitrification and denitrification The conditions are not met, such as dissolved oxygen, hydraulic retention time and other factors; therefore, there must be another form of reaction to remove ammonia nitrogen. Preliminary analysis may have the phenomenon of anaerobic ammonia oxidation, but further analysis and research are needed.

In the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment of the utility model, a submersible mixer is arranged in the hydrolysis acidification pool to form an internal return path between the anoxic pool, the aerobic pool, and the membrane pool of the bioreactor (MBR). A supernatant return path is formed between the tank and the sludge tank, and the domestic sewage with high nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus content is efficiently treated. The whole device is low in cost, easy to operate, and meets the sewage discharge index.

The structure of the filler in the aerobic pool in the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment of the utility model is to change the buckle of the plastic disc into a double-circle large plastic ring, and press the aldehyde fiber or polyester yarn on the ring of the ring. The inner ring is made of snowflake-like plastic branches, which can not only hang the film, but also effectively cut the air bubbles, improve the transfer rate and utilization of oxygen, make the water-air biofilm fully exchanged, and make the organic matter in the water be processed efficiently. The filler in the aerobic tank in the utility model is developed on the basis of the soft filler and the semi-soft filler, and has the advantages of both; this is where the innovation of the utility model lies.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic structural view of the drying tank in the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model; wherein, 1 is the main body of the drying tank, 2 is the water inlet, and 3 is the filter wall, 4 is an upright perforated PVC pipe covered with nylon mesh, 5 is a filter material layer, 6 is a support layer, 7 is a drain outlet, and 8 is a drainage component; the sludge drying device of the utility model can effectively prevent sludge from clogging the filter material gap Including: drying pool body 1, water inlet 2, filter wall 3, upright perforated PVC pipe wrapped with nylon mesh 4, filter material layer 5, supporting layer 6, drain outlet 7 and drainage parts 8, drying pool body: Depending on the soil quality, block stones or pachyrhiza stones (granite) are used to build the foundation, the bottom is filled with concrete, and the cement mortar is leveled along the direction of the ditch with a gradient of 5%. The pool wall can also be built with bricks or reinforced concrete. The wall is provided with a filter wall 3; the uppermost layer is an upright perforated PVC pipe covered with nylon mesh 4, and the bottom layer is a filter material layer 5: it can be divided into two to three layers, each layer is 20-30 cm thick, and the filter material can choose white coal and activated carbon , quartz sand, cinder, etc., the particle size of the filter material should be determined according to the dehydration performance of the sludge; the support layer 6 is below, and the bottom is provided with a drainage part 8: the upper part of the drainage part 8 is made of bricks or better permeability The cover plate is flat, and the drainage part 8 is flatly connected with the bottom of the drainage pipe network in the factory area through the outlet 7, and a mud scraping device (not marked in the figure) can also be provided.

The upper part of the filter material layer 5 in the drying tank of the utility model is provided with an upright perforated PVC pipe outsourcing nylon mesh 4, which effectively prevents the sludge from clogging the filter material gap, prolongs the filter material replacement time, reduces the use cost, and improves the sludge efficiency. The treatment effect is high, and the operation and management are convenient; by adding a mud scraping device, a filter wall and supporting process pipelines, the drainage capacity of the sludge drying process is enhanced, and the drying effect is remarkable; the drying tank of the utility model is convenient for construction and simple in process , it is worth popularizing and applying when building a new plant or rebuilding or expanding.

In the drying tank of the utility model, under normal operating conditions, the sludge with a water content of about 98% is removed from the treatment plant, and the water content of the sludge can be reduced to below 83% within 5 days to 10 days; the volume of the sludge is reduced to 12% of the original sludge, the drying effect is obvious, which greatly reduces the investment and operation cost of subsequent sludge treatment equipment, and realizes sludge reduction.

The bioreactor membrane tank (MBR) in the sewage treatment device suitable for hospital wastewater treatment of the utility model includes microbial colonies, membrane components, water collection system, water outlet system and aeration system; the bioreactor membrane tank (MBR) adopts The polypropylene hollow fiber membrane element, the raw water is on the outside of the membrane, and the purified water is on the inside of the membrane. The reflux ratio is high, and the flow rate of water in the membrane tube is large, which is beneficial to reduce membrane fouling. At the same time, the air-water mixed backwashing process is adopted to effectively protect the membrane elements by scrubbing the membrane surface with air. The membrane cleaning effect is good, and impurities such as bacteria, microorganisms and suspended solids in the water can be effectively removed, and the turbidity of the effluent is close to zero.

The preferred embodiment of the utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiment, and within the scope of the technical concept of the utility model, the technical solution of the utility model can be carried out in many ways. These simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of sewage-treatment plant suitable for sewage disposal of hospital, it is characterised in that: including grid, conditioning tank, hydrolysis acid Change pond, anoxic pond, aerobic tank, bioreactor membrane cisterna, sterilization pool, sludge-tank, mummifying pool and emergency lagoon；The grid passes through pipe Road is connected with conditioning tank, and the conditioning tank is connected by pipeline with hydrolysis acidification pool, and the hydrolysis acidification pool is by pipeline and lacks Oxygen pond is connected, and the anoxic pond is connected by pipeline with aerobic tank, and the aerobic tank passes through pipeline and bioreactor membrane cisterna phase Even, the bioreactor membrane cisterna is connected by pipeline with sterilization pool；The bioreactor membrane cisterna on the one hand pass through pipeline with Sludge-tank is connected, and is on the other hand connected respectively with aerobic tank and anoxic pond by pipeline, forms reflux connection；The sedimentation basin Supernatant is back to conditioning tank by pipeline；Sludge-tank is connected with mummifying pool；The anoxic pond, aerobic tank, bioreactor film Pond is equipped with roots blower；The grid is also connected with emergency lagoon, the emergency lagoon, hydrolysis acidification pool, anoxic pond, aerobic tank, Bioreactor membrane cisterna, sterilization pool, sludge-tank are connected with ion deodorization device；Filler in the aerobic tank is the big plastics of double-round Ring, outer ring are hydroformylation fiber or dacron thread, and inner ring is flakes plastics branch；The mummifying pool is perforated outside pvc pipe using upright Packet nylon wire.

2. the sewage-treatment plant according to claim 1 suitable for sewage disposal of hospital, it is characterised in that: the desiccation Pond includes pond body, filter material layer and water drainage part.

3. the sewage-treatment plant according to claim 2 suitable for sewage disposal of hospital, it is characterised in that: the filtrate Layer is divided into two to three layers, and every layer of 20-30 cm thick, filtrate is anthracite, active carbon, quartz sand or cinder.

4. the sewage-treatment plant according to claim 3 suitable for sewage disposal of hospital, it is characterised in that: the draining The preferable cover plate lid of top brick or permeability of component is flat, and bottom is flushed with drainage pipeline networks tube bottom.