CN111072233A - Ion type rare earth ore wastewater treatment device and process - Google Patents
Ion type rare earth ore wastewater treatment device and process Download PDFInfo
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
本发明涉及污水处理技术领域，具体涉及一种离子型稀土矿废水处理装置及工艺。离子型稀土矿废水处理装置包括依次接通的部分反硝化反应组件、短程硝化反应组件、厌氧氨氧化反应组件以及，深度脱氮组件，以供废水依次进行部分反硝化反应、短程硝化反应、厌氧氨氧化反应、深度脱氮反硝化反应，通过先利用部分反硝化技术将硝酸盐氮还原为亚硝酸盐氮，再与铵态氮进行厌氧氨氧化反应脱除，充分利用了废水中含有的硝酸盐氮，变不利为有利，使得氨氮、硝酸盐氮和总氮的去除效率高，不仅节约了处理废水过程中的供氧能耗，还可以将废水脱氮所需的外加有机碳源降至最低，显著节省了废水脱氮处理的成本。
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an ionic rare earth ore waste water treatment device and a process. The ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device includes a partial denitrification reaction component, a short-range nitrification reaction component, an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction component, and a deep denitrification component that are connected in sequence, so that the wastewater can undergo partial denitrification reaction, short-range nitrification reaction, Anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction and deep denitrification and denitrification reaction, by using partial denitrification technology to reduce nitrate nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen, and then carry out anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction with ammonium nitrogen to remove, make full use of the waste water. The nitrate nitrogen contained in it becomes favorable, which makes the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen high, which not only saves the energy consumption of oxygen supply in the process of wastewater treatment, but also can remove the additional organic carbon required for wastewater denitrification. The source is reduced to a minimum, which significantly saves the cost of wastewater denitrification treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device and process.
Background
The ionic rare earth ore is a special rare earth ore, most of rare earth metals in the ore exist in a cationic state and are adsorbed on different clay minerals, and the conventional ore dressing methods such as gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation and the like cannot enrich and recover the rare earth metals. Since the ionic rare earth ore is easy (NH4)2SO4The ionic rare earth ore is extracted by eluting and desorbing the electrolyte solution, so that the ion phase rare earth enters an ore leaching agent to be recovered mainly by electrolyte exchange in the prior exploitation of the ionic rare earth ore, wherein the ore leaching agent is ammonium sulfate. And a large amount of ammonium sulfate is added as an ore leaching agent in the mining process of the ionic rare earth ore, so that ammonium sulfate remained in tailing sand or mine soil can be leached out and merged into surface water after mining, the ammonium sulfate is mixed with the surface water to form wastewater polluted by ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and if the wastewater is not treated, the wastewater is directly discharged into the environment, thereby causing water eutrophication, causing water quality deterioration and bringing serious pollution to the watershed water environment.
For the wastewater generated by the mining of the ionic rare earth mine, the wastewater has the water quality characteristics which are obviously different from those of urban domestic sewage and other industrial wastewater: firstly, the pH value of the ionic rare earth ore wastewater is lower and is generally between 2 and 5; secondly, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen exist in the ionic rare earth ore wastewater at the same time, the concentration of the ammonium nitrogen is generally 30-400mg/L, the concentration of the nitrate nitrogen is 20-200mg/L, and the nitrate nitrogen is generally about 30-50% of the total nitrogen in the wastewater; thirdly, the concentration of organic matters in the ionic rare earth ore wastewater is extremely low, the wastewater is exposed on the earth surface to form surface runoff, and the surface runoff comprises pH, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogenThe water quality index of the water can generally meet the standard of III-class water in surface water environment (COD is less than or equal to 20mg/L, BOD5Less than or equal to 4 mg/L); fourthly, the ionic rare earth ore wastewater contains rare earth metals with higher concentration, and the rare earth metals have easier bioaccumulation and have the biological effect characteristic of low promotion and high inhibition.
At present, ionic rare earth ore wastewater denitrification treatment mainly comprises a nitrification-denitrification biological treatment process and a breakpoint chlorination chemical treatment process. The ion type rare earth ore wastewater brings great difficulty for biological denitrification treatment due to unique water quality characteristics of the ion type rare earth ore wastewater, and the most important problem is that the organic carbon source in the wastewater is extremely lack, so that a large amount of organic carbon source needs to be added when the wastewater is treated by using the traditional nitrification-denitrification biological treatment process, and the wastewater treatment operation cost is high. The breakpoint chlorination method is poor in environmental friendliness and high in cost due to the fact that a large amount of chemical reagents are added.
Therefore, the development of a novel denitrification process with high efficiency and low cost for treating the ionic rare earth ore wastewater is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defect of high operation cost of ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment in the prior art, and provides an ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device and process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device, comprising:
the partial denitrification reaction component is communicated with the outlet of the raw water pool and is used for performing partial denitrification on the wastewater from the raw water pool so as to reduce nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen;
the partial denitrification reaction component is communicated with the partial denitrification reaction component and is used for performing a partial nitrification reaction on the wastewater from the partial denitrification reaction component so as to oxidize part of ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen;
the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component is communicated with the shortcut nitrification reaction component and is used for allowing the wastewater from the shortcut nitrification reaction component to carry out anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction;
and the deep denitrification assembly is communicated with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction assembly and is used for carrying out deep denitrification on the wastewater from the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction assembly.
Further, the partial denitrification reaction assembly comprises:
the pH adjusting tank is communicated with the raw water tank and is used for pre-adjusting the pH of the wastewater;
the first medicine storage box is used for storing liquid medicine for adjusting pH, is communicated with the pH adjusting tank and is used for conveying liquid medicine to the pH adjusting tank so as to adjust the pH value of wastewater in the pH adjusting tank;
the partial denitrification reactor is communicated with the pH regulating tank and is used for inoculating partial denitrification activated sludge for partial denitrification of wastewater;
the second medicine storage box is used for storing medicine liquid for adjusting pH, is communicated with the partial denitrification reactor and is used for conveying the medicine liquid to the partial denitrification reactor so as to adjust the pH value of the wastewater in the partial denitrification reactor;
and the first carbon source adding device is communicated with the partial denitrification reactor and is used for providing an organic carbon source for the partial denitrification reactor.
Further, the short-cut nitrification reaction component comprises:
the partial denitrification reaction component is communicated with the partial denitrification reaction component and is used for inoculating partial nitrification activated sludge to carry out partial nitrification on the wastewater;
the third medicine storage box is used for storing the liquid medicine for adjusting the pH value, is communicated with the short-cut nitrification reactor and is used for conveying the liquid medicine to the short-cut nitrification reactor so as to adjust the pH value of the wastewater in the short-cut nitrification reactor;
and the aeration device is arranged in the short-cut nitrification reactor and is used for adjusting the dissolved oxygen concentration of the wastewater in the short-cut nitrification reactor.
Furthermore, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component comprises an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is communicated with the shortcut nitrification reaction component and is used for inoculating anaerobic ammonia oxidation activated sludge so as to carry out anaerobic ammonia oxidation on the wastewater.
Further, the deep denitrification assembly comprises:
the deep denitrification reactor is communicated with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation assembly and is used for inoculating denitrification activated sludge to perform deep denitrification and denitrification on the wastewater;
and the second carbon source adding device is communicated with the deep denitrification reactor and is used for providing an organic carbon source for the deep denitrification reactor.
Further, still include the tombarthite and retrieve the subassembly, the tombarthite is retrieved the subassembly and is set up raw water pond with between the partial denitrification reaction subassembly for retrieve the rare earth metal.
Further, the rare earth recovery assembly includes:
the rare earth recovery reaction tank is communicated with the raw water tank and is used for performing neutralization reaction on rare earth metals in the wastewater;
the fourth medicine storage box is used for storing the liquid medicine capable of performing a neutralization reaction with the rare earth metal, is communicated with the rare earth recovery reaction tank and is used for conveying the liquid medicine to the rare earth recovery reaction tank;
and the sedimentation tank is communicated with the rare earth recovery reaction tank and is used for collecting sediments generated by the neutralization reaction.
The invention also provides an ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment process which comprises the steps of inoculating activated sludge in the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device according to any one of the schemes, and then introducing wastewater to carry out partial denitrification reaction, partial nitrification reaction, anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction and deep denitrification reaction in sequence.
Further, the partial denitrification reaction comprises the step of adding a dosing carbon source into the partial denitrification reaction assembly, adjusting the pH value to 8.5-9.0 and controlling the C/N to be 1.8-2.5.
Further, the short-cut nitrification reaction comprises the step of controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the wastewater to be 0.2-0.7 and the pH value to be 8.5-9.0.
Further, the deep denitrification reaction comprises the step of controlling the C/N of the wastewater to be 4-5.
Further, the method also comprises the steps of adjusting the pH value of the wastewater to 10-10.5 to perform neutralization reaction and precipitate and recover the rare earth before partial denitrification reaction of the wastewater.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device provided by the invention, through coupling the partial denitrification assembly, the shortcut nitrification assembly, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation assembly and the deep denitrification assembly, and arranging the arrangement sequence of the assemblies, nitrate nitrogen is reduced into nitrite nitrogen nitrate nitrogen by using a partial denitrification technology, and then the nitrite nitrogen nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen are subjected to anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction for removal, so that the nitrate nitrogen contained in the wastewater is fully utilized, the disadvantage is changed into the advantage, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen is high, the oxygen supply energy consumption in the wastewater treatment process is saved, the additional organic carbon source required by the wastewater denitrification can be reduced to the minimum, and the cost of the wastewater denitrification treatment is obviously saved.
2. The invention provides an ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device, wherein a partial denitrification assembly comprises a pH adjusting tank, a first medicine storage box, a partial denitrification reactor, a second medicine storage box and a first carbon source adding device, the wastewater in the pH adjusting tank is pre-adjusted through the first medicine storage box, then the pH value and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the wastewater are adjusted through the second medicine storage box and the first carbon source adding device, so that the environment in the partial denitrification reactor is suitable for performing sewage biochemical treatment on partial denitrification active sludge, the partial denitrification active sludge reduces nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater into nitrite nitrogen in the partial denitrification reactor, a necessary nitrite substrate is provided for subsequent anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, and meanwhile, the nitrite nitrogen existing when the wastewater enters a short-range nitrification assembly can effectively inhibit Nitrate Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB), thereby make subsequent short cut nitrification reaction can realize more easily, in addition, through partial denitrification subassembly with the nitrate nitrogen reduction in the waste water for nitrite nitrogen, compare in prior art with the denitrogenation technique of nitrate nitrogen complete denitrification for nitrogen gas, required C/N is very reduced to can practice thrift plus organic carbon source, and then save waste water denitrification cost.
3. According to the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device provided by the invention, the short-cut nitrification reaction component comprises the short-cut nitrification reactor, the third medicine storage tank and the aeration device, the pH value and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the wastewater are adjusted through the third medicine storage tank and the aeration device, so that the short-cut nitrification activated sludge can carry out biochemical treatment on the wastewater under the optimal environment to oxidize ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen, and compared with the whole-cut nitrification, the oxygen supply amount is saved, so that the aeration energy consumption is saved, and the wastewater treatment cost is saved.
4. According to the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device provided by the invention, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation assembly comprises the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, anaerobic ammonia oxidation activated sludge is subjected to anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor for denitrification, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation is an autotrophic denitrification technology without an additional organic carbon source, so that the biological denitrification cost of wastewater can be obviously reduced.
5. According to the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device provided by the invention, the deep denitrification reaction component comprises the deep denitrification reactor and the second carbon source adding device, and the carbon source is added into the deep denitrification reactor through the second carbon source adding device, so that untreated nitrate nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen generated by the short-cut nitrification reaction component and nitrate nitrogen generated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component can be further removed through denitrification by the denitrification activated sludge, the nitrate nitrogen of the wastewater can be controlled at a lower concentration, and the removal rate of total nitrogen is improved.
6. According to the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device provided by the invention, the rare earth recovery component is arranged between the raw water pool and part of the denitrification reaction components, and the rare earth metal in the wastewater is recovered firstly and then the wastewater is introduced into part of the denitrification reaction components for biological treatment, so that on one hand, the rare earth metal resource in the wastewater is recovered, benefits are created, and the resource waste is avoided, and on the other hand, the situation that the wastewater biological treatment link cannot be smoothly carried out due to the inhibition of the rare earth metal on the microorganism in the subsequent wastewater biological treatment link can be avoided.
7. According to the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment process provided by the invention, partial denitrification reaction, short-cut nitrification reaction, anaerobic ammoxidation reaction and deep denitrification reaction are carried out on the wastewater in sequence, so that nitrate nitrogen contained in the wastewater is fully utilized and is changed into unfavorable to favorable, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen is high, the oxygen supply energy consumption in the wastewater treatment process is saved, an additional organic carbon source required by wastewater denitrification can be reduced to the minimum, and the cost of wastewater denitrification treatment is remarkably saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment apparatus in example 1 of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. a raw water pool; 2. a partial denitrification reaction component; 21. a pH adjusting tank; 22. a first medicine storage box; 23. a partial denitrification reactor; 24. a second medicine storage box; 25. a first carbon source adding device; 3. a short-cut nitration reaction component; 31. a short-cut nitrification reactor; 32. a third medicine storage box; 33. an aeration device; 331. a dissolved oxygen detector; 332. an aerator; 333. a first controller; 4. an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component; 41. an anammox reactor; 5. a deep denitrification component; 51. a deep denitrification reactor; 52. a second carbon source adding device; 6. a rare earth recovery assembly; 61. a rare earth recovery reaction tank; 62. a fourth medicine storage box; 63. a sedimentation tank; 7. a middle water tank; 8. a pH monitor; 9. a second controller.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment relates to an ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device, which comprises a partial denitrification reaction component 2, a partial nitrification reaction component 3, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component 4 and a deep denitrification component 5.
The partial denitrification reaction assembly 2 is communicated with an outlet of the raw water pool 1, and the partial denitrification reaction assembly 2 is used for partial denitrification of wastewater from the raw water pool 1 to reduce nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen; the short-cut nitrification reaction component 3 is communicated with the partial denitrification reaction component 2, and the short-cut nitrification reaction component 3 is used for carrying out short-cut nitrification reaction on the wastewater from the partial denitrification reaction component 2 so as to oxidize part of ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen; the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component 4 is communicated with the partial nitrification reaction component 3, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component 4 is used for allowing the wastewater from the partial nitrification reaction component 3 to carry out anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction; the deep denitrification component 5 is communicated with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component 4, and the deep denitrification component 5 is used for carrying out denitrification deep denitrification on the wastewater from the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component 4.
Specifically, the partial denitrification reaction assembly 2 comprises a pH adjusting tank 21, a first medicine storage box 22, a partial denitrification reactor 23, a second medicine storage box 24 and a first carbon source adding device 25. The pH adjusting tank 21 is communicated with the raw water tank 1, and the pH adjusting tank 21 is used for pre-adjusting the pH of the wastewater; the first medicine storage box 22 is used for storing medicine liquid for adjusting pH, the first medicine storage box 22 is communicated with the pH adjusting tank 21, and the first medicine storage box 22 is used for conveying the medicine liquid to the pH adjusting tank 21 so as to adjust the pH value of the wastewater in the pH adjusting tank 21 and be suitable for partial denitrification activated sludge growth; the partial denitrification reactor 23 is communicated with the pH regulating tank 21, partial denitrification reactor 23 is used for inoculating partial denitrification activated sludge, and the partial denitrification reactor 23 is used for supplying wastewater for partial denitrification; the second medicine storage box 24 is used for storing medicine liquid for adjusting pH, the second medicine storage box 24 is communicated with the partial denitrification reactor 23, and the second medicine storage box 24 is used for conveying the medicine liquid to the partial denitrification reactor 23 so as to adjust the pH value of the wastewater in the partial denitrification reactor 23 and be suitable for the growth of partial denitrification activated sludge; the first carbon source adding device 25 is communicated with the partial denitrification reactor 23, and the first carbon source adding device 25 is used for providing an organic carbon source for the partial denitrification reactor 23 so as to allow partial denitrification activated sludge to grow.
The wastewater in the pH adjusting tank 21 is pre-adjusted through the first medicine storage box 22, and the pH value and the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the wastewater are adjusted through the second medicine storage box 24 and the first carbon source adding device 25, so that the environment in the partial denitrification reactor 23 is suitable for performing biochemical sewage treatment on partial denitrification activated sludge. In an alternative embodiment, partial denitrification reactor 23 may be selected as a SBR-type reactor or a continuous flow reactor, in this embodiment partial denitrification reactor 23 is an SBR-type reactor.
The short-cut nitrification reaction assembly 3 comprises a short-cut nitrification reactor 31, a third medicine storage box 32 and an aeration device 33. Wherein the short-cut nitrification reactor 31 is communicated with part of the denitrification reactor 23, the short-cut nitrification reactor 31 is used for inoculating short-cut nitrification activated sludge, and the short-cut nitrification reactor is used for carrying out short-cut nitrification on the wastewater; the third medicine storage box 32 is used for storing liquid medicine for adjusting pH, the third medicine storage box 32 is communicated with the short-cut nitrification reactor 31, and the third medicine storage box 32 is used for conveying liquid medicine to the short-cut nitrification reactor 31 so as to adjust the pH value of the wastewater in the short-cut nitrification reactor 31; the aeration device 33 is arranged in the short-cut nitrification reactor 31, and the aeration device 33 is used for adjusting the dissolved oxygen concentration of the wastewater in the short-cut nitrification reactor 31 to be suitable for the growth of the short-cut nitrification activated sludge.
The third storage tank 32 and the aeration device 33 are used to adjust the pH value and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the wastewater, so that the shortcut nitrification-activated sludge can perform biochemical sewage treatment under the optimal environment to oxidize ammonia nitrogen into nitrite, in an alternative embodiment, the shortcut nitrification reactor 31 may be a reactor in the form of SBR or a continuous flow reactor, and in this embodiment, the shortcut nitrification reactor 31 is a reactor in the form of SBR. In this embodiment, the aeration device 33 includes a dissolved oxygen detector 331, an aerator 332, and a first controller 333, wherein the dissolved oxygen detector 331 and the aerator 332 are installed in the short-cut nitrification reactor 31, the first controller 333 is electrically connected to power sources of the dissolved oxygen detector 331 and the aerator 332, and the controller is configured to control the power source of the aerator 332 to operate or shut down according to a signal monitored by the dissolved oxygen detector 331, so as to achieve automatic adjustment of the dissolved oxygen concentration.
The anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component 4 comprises an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 41, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 41 is communicated with the partial nitrification reactor 31, anaerobic ammonia oxidation activated sludge is inoculated in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 41, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 41 is used for supplying wastewater for anaerobic ammonia oxidation. As an alternative example, the anammox reactor 41 may be a SBR reactor, or a continuous flow reactor in the form of a UASB, EGSB, MBBR reactor, etc., and in this example, the anammox reactor 41 is an EGSB reactor.
The deep denitrification assembly 5 comprises a deep denitrification reactor 51 and a second carbon source adding device 52. The deep denitrification reactor 51 is communicated with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 41, denitrification activated sludge is inoculated in the deep denitrification reactor 51, the deep denitrification reactor 51 is used for wastewater denitrification, the second carbon source adding device 52 is communicated with the deep denitrification reactor 51, and the second carbon source adding device 52 is used for providing an organic carbon source for the deep denitrification reactor 51. And adding a carbon source into the deep denitrification reactor 51 through a second carbon source adding device 52, so that part of nitrate nitrogen which is not completely subjected to denitrification, nitrate nitrogen generated by the short-cut nitrification reaction component 3 and nitrate nitrogen generated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component 4 can be further removed through denitrification by the denitrification activated sludge. In this embodiment, the deep denitrification reactor 51 is a denitrification deep bed filter reactor, and is internally provided with packing.
Since rare earth metals can affect the growth of microorganisms, in this embodiment, the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device further includes a rare earth recovery assembly 6, the rare earth recovery assembly 6 is disposed between the raw water tank 1 and the partial denitrification reaction assembly 2, and the rare earth recovery assembly 6 is used for recovering rare earth metals.
The rare earth recovery module 6 includes a rare earth recovery reaction tank 61, a fourth medicine storage tank 62, and a sedimentation tank 63. The two ends of the rare earth recovery reaction tank 61 are respectively communicated with the raw water tank 1 and the sedimentation tank 63, the sedimentation tank 63 is communicated with the pH adjusting tank 21, and the rare earth recovery reaction tank 61 is used for carrying out neutralization reaction on rare earth metals in the wastewater; the fourth medicine storage box 62 is used for storing medicine liquid capable of performing neutralization reaction with rare earth metals, and the fourth medicine storage box 62 is used for conveying the medicine liquid to the rare earth recovery reaction tank 61; the sedimentation tank 63 is communicated with the rare earth recovery reaction tank 61, and the sedimentation tank 63 is used for collecting sediments generated by the neutralization reaction.
It should be noted that, the partial denitrification reactor 23, the partial nitrification reactor 31, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor 41, and the deep denitrification reactor 51 are not limited by whether they are sequencing batch reactors or continuous flow reactors, as long as they can realize the corresponding biological reaction treatment function, but when there are both sequencing batch reactors and continuous flow reactors, an intermediate water tank 7 needs to be added in the middle of each reactor, and the intermediate water tank 7 is used to connect the sequencing batch reactor and the continuous flow reactor well.
In addition, in order to achieve the effect of uniform flow of wastewater in the reactor, stirrers may be provided in the rare earth recovery reaction tank 61, the partial denitrification reactor 23, the partial nitrification reactor 31, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 41, and the advanced denitrification reactor 51, respectively.
Further, in order to automatically adjust the pH in the partial denitrification module 2, the partial denitrification module 3, and the rare earth recovery module 6, in the present embodiment, pH monitors 8 are provided in the pH adjusting tank 21, the partial denitrification reactor 23, the partial nitrification reactor 31, and the rare earth recovery reaction tank 61, electromagnetic valves are provided in the outlets of the first medicine tank 22, the second medicine tank 24, the third medicine tank 32, and the fourth medicine tank 62, and the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment apparatus further includes a second controller 9, wherein the second controller 9 is electrically connected to the pH monitors 8 and the electromagnetic valves, and the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves are controlled accordingly by receiving signals transmitted from the pH monitors 8, thereby automatically adjusting the pH.
The principle of use of this embodiment is generally as follows:
firstly, inoculating corresponding activated sludge in each bioreactor, then conveying wastewater from a raw water tank 1 to a rare earth recovery reaction tank 61, adding alkali liquor into the rare earth recovery reaction tank 61 to enable rare earth metals to generate a neutralization reaction, introducing the reacted wastewater into a sedimentation tank 63 to be precipitated, collecting sediments in the sedimentation tank 63 containing the rare earth metals, and conveying the sediments to a rare earth smelting enterprise to recover the rare earth metals. Then, the supernatant in the sedimentation tank 63 is conveyed to a pH adjusting tank 21, liquid medicine is added into the pH adjusting tank 21 by using a first medicine storage box 22 to pre-adjust the pH value of the wastewater, so that the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted to be within a suitable range for the subsequent biological reaction, the wastewater is conveyed into a partial denitrification reactor 23 to carry out denitrification reaction, an organic carbon source is added into the partial denitrification reactor 23 by a first carbon source adding device 25 for the use of denitrifying bacteria, and meanwhile, alkali liquor is added into the partial denitrification reactor 23 by a second medicine storage box 24 to control the pH value of the wastewater, so that the denitrifying bacteria carry out partial denitrification reaction under the suitable conditions of pH and C/N. The wastewater treated by partial denitrification reaction is firstly introduced into the intermediate water tank 7 and then introduced into the shortcut nitrification reactor 31, the pH value and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the wastewater are respectively adjusted by the third medicine storage tank 32 and the aeration device 33, so that the shortcut nitrification is carried out in the optimal environment, nitrite nitrogen is accumulated, and the proportion of ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the effluent reaches the proportion required by anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction. The wastewater treated by the partial nitrification reaction is transferred into the anammox reactor 41 through the intermediate water tank 7, and is subjected to an anammox reaction in the anammox reactor 41. The wastewater treated by the anammox reaction is introduced into the deep denitrification reactor 51, and the nitrate nitrogen remaining in the wastewater is removed by denitrification bacteria in the deep denitrification reactor 51.
In the embodiment, by coupling the partial denitrification reaction component 2, the partial nitrification reaction component 3, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction component 4 and the deep denitrification component 5 and setting the arrangement sequence of the components, part of denitrification technology is firstly utilized to reduce nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen nitrate nitrogen, and then the nitrite nitrogen nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen are subjected to anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction for removal, so that the nitrate nitrogen contained in the wastewater is fully utilized and becomes unfavorable and favorable, a large amount of organic carbon sources required by the whole-course denitrification of the nitrate nitrogen are saved due to the arrangement of the partial denitrification component, the treatment cost is saved, meanwhile, the nitrite nitrogen can be provided for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, and the subsequent partial nitrification reaction can be easily realized; the arrangement of the short-cut nitration reaction component 3 saves the energy consumption of oxygen supply required by ammonia oxidation and reduces the wastewater treatment cost; the anaerobic ammonia oxidation component is arranged, and an organic carbon source is not required to be added for anaerobic ammonia oxidation, so that the wastewater treatment cost can be obviously reduced; the arrangement of the deep denitrification reaction assembly further removes part of nitrate nitrogen which is not treated by denitrification, a small amount of nitrate nitrogen generated by short-cut nitrification and nitrate nitrogen generated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, so that the total nitrogen removal rate of the wastewater is improved, and the final total nitrogen concentration of the effluent is ensured to meet the requirement.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to an ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment process, which comprises the steps of inoculating activated sludge in an ionic rare earth ore wastewater biological treatment device, and then introducing wastewater to carry out partial denitrification reaction, partial nitrification reaction, anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction and deep denitrification reaction in sequence. Wherein, the ionic rare earth ore wastewater treatment device is consistent with the embodiment 1.
Specifically, the partial denitrification reaction comprises the following steps: introducing wastewater into a wastewater pH adjusting reaction tank, adding acid liquor into the wastewater pH adjusting reaction tank to control the pH of effluent of the pH adjusting reaction tank to be 8.5-9.0, then introducing the wastewater into a partial denitrification reactor, controlling the C/N to be 1.8-2.5 by adding an organic carbon source into the partial denitrification reactor, and simultaneously controlling the pH of the wastewater in the partial denitrification reactor to be 8.5-9.0 by adding alkali liquor into the partial denitrification reactor, so that denitrifying bacteria can reduce most nitrate nitrogen to generate nitrite nitrogen under the environment.
The short-cut nitration reaction comprises the steps of controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the wastewater to be 0.2-0.7 and controlling the pH value to be 8.5-9.0. The wastewater converts a part of ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater into nitrite nitrogen in the short-cut nitrification reaction process.
During the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction process, ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the wastewater react under the action of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria to generate nitrogen, so that the purpose of autotrophic nitrogen removal is achieved.
The deep denitrification reaction comprises the step of controlling the C/N of the wastewater to be 4-5. In the process of deep denitrification reaction, denitrifying bacteria further remove untreated nitrate nitrogen of the partial denitrification assembly, nitrate nitrogen generated by the short-cut nitrification reaction assembly and nitrate nitrogen generated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction assembly through denitrification, so that the aim of improving the total nitrogen removal effect of the wastewater is fulfilled.
In order to recover the rare earth metals in the wastewater, in an optional embodiment, before the partial denitrification reaction, a step of recovering the rare earth metals is further provided, and the step of recovering the rare earth metals comprises the step of adding alkali liquor into the wastewater to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 10-10.5 so that the rare earth metals and the alkali liquor are subjected to neutralization reaction and precipitation.
The embodiment makes full use of nitrate nitrogen contained in the wastewater through carrying out partial denitrification reaction, partial nitrification reaction, anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction and deep denitrification reaction on the wastewater in sequence, so that the disadvantage is changed into the advantage, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen is high, the oxygen supply energy consumption in the wastewater treatment process is saved, an additional organic carbon source required by wastewater denitrification can be reduced to the minimum, and the cost of wastewater denitrification treatment is remarkably saved.
Examples of effects
The effect example is to treat the ionic rare earth ore wastewater according to the treatment process provided in the embodiment 2 in the device as described in the embodiment 1.
Wherein the wastewater to be treated is prepared from ammonium sulfate, lanthanum chloride and tap water, and NH of the wastewater to be treated4 +N concentration of 100mg/L, NO3 -The concentration of-N is 60mg/L, the concentration of lanthanum ions is 20mg/L, and the pH value is 8.5. The partial denitrification reactor, the partial nitrification reactor, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor and the deep denitrification reactor are respectively inoculated with partial denitrification activated sludge, partial nitrification activated sludge, anaerobic ammonia oxidation activated sludge and denitrification activated sludge which are cultured in environmental engineering laboratories of the university of Ringxi science and technology, and the concentration of the inoculated activated sludge is 3000mg/L of 2000-plus.
In the treatment process, firstly, the waste water to be treated in the raw water tank is conveyed to a rare earth recovery reaction tank by using a peristaltic pump, then a calcium hydroxide solution is added into the rare earth recovery reaction tank to ensure that the pH value reaches 10, a flocculating agent PAC is added, the reaction time is 30min, and then the waste water is introduced into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation for 45 min.
Then the supernatant in the sedimentation tank is led into a pH adjusting tank, acid is added to adjust the pH value, the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted to 8.5-9, then the wastewater is led into a partial denitrification reactor, the C/N is controlled within the range of 1.8-2.3, and the pH value is controlled within the range of 8.5-9.0. The time of operating a part of denitrification reactors (SBR reactors) for one period is 3 hours, wherein water is fed for 10 minutes, the mixture is stirred for 2 hours, the mixture is kept stand for 35 minutes, water is discharged for 10 minutes, and the mixture is left unused for 5 minutes.
Then part of the effluent of the denitrification reactor is introduced into an intermediate water tank and is sent into a short-cut nitrification reactor through a peristaltic pump. The Dissolved Oxygen (DO) is controlled to be 0.2-0.7mg/L and the pH is controlled to be 8.8-9.0 by the short-cut nitrification reactor. The short-cut nitrification reactor (SBR reactor) operates for 6 hours in one period, wherein water is fed for 15 minutes, stirring and aeration are carried out for 30 minutes, aeration is stopped for 30 minutes, 5 times of circulation are carried out for 5 hours, standing is carried out for 30 minutes, and water is discharged for 15 minutes.
And then introducing the effluent of the shortcut nitrification reactor into the next intermediate water tank, and conveying the effluent into the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor through a peristaltic pump. The hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is 6 hours, and the reflux ratio is 1: 50.
and finally, feeding the effluent of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor into a deep denitrification reactor. The hydraulic retention time of the deep denitrification reactor is 6 hours, and the C/N ratio is 5.
And (3) processing results:
after 20 days of starting, stable treatment effect can be obtained, and the rare earth recovery reaction component sedimentation tank effluent La+3The concentration is less than or equal to 0.1 mg/L; partial denitrification reactor effluent NO3 --N concentration 5-10mg/L, NO2 --N concentration of 40mg/L to 50mg/L, NH4 +-N concentration is 90-100 mg/L; NO of effluent of short-cut nitration reactor3 --N concentration 5-7mg/L, NO2 -NH with the concentration of-N of 110mg/L to 120mg/L4 +-N concentration is 90-100 mg/L; anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor effluent NO3 --N concentration 28-33mg/L, NO2 --N concentration of 0.5mg/L to 2mg/L, NH4 +-N concentration is 0.5mg/L-3 mg/L; effluent N of deep denitrification reactorO3 -N concentration is less than or equal to 3mg/L, NO2 -N concentration is less than or equal to 0.5mg/L, NH4 +The concentration of-N is less than or equal to 3 mg/L.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
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