CN116979266B - Microstrip filter antenna - Google Patents
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- CN116979266B CN116979266B CN202311220742.0A CN202311220742A CN116979266B CN 116979266 B CN116979266 B CN 116979266B CN 202311220742 A CN202311220742 A CN 202311220742A CN 116979266 B CN116979266 B CN 116979266B
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012526 feed medium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and relates to a microstrip filter antenna. The microstrip filter antenna comprises a parasitic layer, a radiation layer and a feed layer which are sequentially stacked along a first direction, wherein the parasitic layer comprises a parasitic dielectric layer, a filter patch and a plurality of parasitic patches, the filter patch and the parasitic patches are arranged on the parasitic dielectric layer, the filter patch comprises a plurality of filter parts which are intersected at a first intersection point, a parasitic patch is arranged between two adjacent filter parts, and each parasitic patch is not connected with the filter patch; the radiation layer comprises a radiation medium layer and a radiation patch with a filtering gap, the radiation patch is arranged on the radiation medium layer, the cross section of the filtering patch along the direction perpendicular to the first direction is consistent with the cross section of the filtering gap along the direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the projection of the filtering patch on the radiation patch along the first direction covers the filtering gap; the feed layer is used to feed signals to the radiating patches. The microstrip filter antenna can realize a second-order filter effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a microstrip filter antenna.
Background
In the actual engineering application of the present stage, the antenna and the filter are designed separately or integrally in cascade to be generally designed, but an additional quarter-wavelength matching transmission line or a branch matching network is designed again, and the method generally cannot obtain optimal matching, is easy to bring larger insertion loss, and sometimes increases the size of equipment.
Therefore, in order to reduce link loss and performance deterioration and achieve miniaturization and high integration, in the prior art, the filtering characteristic is fused with the microstrip antenna with the radiation function, and the microstrip antenna with the radiation function and the filtering function is formed by changing the structure of the microstrip antenna, such as adding a feed slot layer, adding a metal via hole, or adding a periodic structure, so as to change the transmission mode of the microstrip antenna and further generate a transmission zero point.
However, although the existing microstrip filter antenna can realize good filter characteristics, the microstrip filter antenna needs multiple pressing, has a complex structure, is inconvenient for general design, and can greatly increase the processing difficulty and cost of the antenna. In addition, microstrip filter antennas under conventional easy-to-process designs are generally mostly first-order filter structures, and the frequency bandwidth of the filter is very narrow.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the technical problem that the filtering frequency bandwidth of the existing microstrip filtering antenna is very narrow, the microstrip filtering antenna is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a microstrip filter antenna, which includes a parasitic layer, a radiation layer and a feed layer that are sequentially stacked along a first direction, where the parasitic layer includes a parasitic dielectric layer, and a filter patch and a plurality of parasitic patches that are disposed on the parasitic dielectric layer, the filter patch includes a plurality of filter portions that intersect in a first intersection area, one parasitic patch is disposed between two adjacent filter portions, and each parasitic patch is not connected to the filter patch;
the radiation layer comprises a radiation medium layer and a radiation patch with a filtering gap, the radiation patch is arranged on the radiation medium layer, the cross section of the filtering patch along the direction perpendicular to the first direction is consistent with the cross section of the filtering gap along the direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the projection of the filtering patch on the radiation patch along the first direction covers the filtering gap;
the feed layer is for feeding signals to the radiating patches.
According to the microstrip filter antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the filter patch and the plurality of parasitic patches are arranged on the parasitic layer, the radiation layer is provided with the radiation patch with the filter gap, and the second-order filter effect can be realized through the combined action between the filter patch and the filter gap on the basis of the conventional microstrip filter antenna by enabling the cross section of the filter patch along the direction vertical to the first direction to be consistent with the cross section of the filter gap along the direction vertical to the first direction and enabling the projection of the filter patch on the radiation patch along the first direction to cover the filter gap. When the microstrip filter antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention works, the feed layer feeds signals to the radiation patch, the parasitic patch and the radiation patch act together to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves to the space, and the combined action between the filter patch and the filter slot realizes a second-order filter effect. The microstrip filter antenna has the advantages of simple structure, good filter characteristic, convenience for PCB processing, realization of PCB through one-time lamination, low cost and excellent second-order filter characteristic.
Optionally, the included angles between two adjacent filtering parts are consistent;
the distance between the center of each parasitic patch and the center of the first intersection area is consistent;
the distances between the centers of two adjacent parasitic patches are consistent.
Optionally, one of the two adjacent filtering parts is a first filtering part, and the other filtering part is a second filtering part;
the parasitic patch is provided with a first edge close to the first filtering part, a second edge close to the second filtering part and a connecting edge connected between one end of the first edge and one end of the second edge, and the other end of the first edge is connected with the other end of the second edge;
the first edge of the parasitic patch is parallel to the adjacent first filtering part, the second edge of the parasitic patch is parallel to the adjacent second filtering part, and the distance between the first edge of the parasitic patch and the adjacent first filtering part is consistent with the distance between the second edge of the parasitic patch and the adjacent second filtering part.
Optionally, the filtering slits include a plurality of filtering slits intersecting at a second intersecting region, the plurality of filtering portions and the plurality of filtering slits are arranged in one-to-one correspondence along the first direction, and projections of the filtering portions on the radiation patch along the first direction cover the corresponding filtering slits;
the center of the first intersection region and the center of the second intersection region are located on the same straight line extending in the first direction.
Optionally, the filtering parts are provided with four, wherein two filtering parts are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the other two filtering parts are arranged along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction;
the parasitic patches are arranged in four, each parasitic patch is square along a section perpendicular to the first direction, and the four parasitic patches are symmetrically arranged in an array with respect to the central line of the filter patch;
the filtering long slits are arranged in four, two of the filtering long slits are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the other two filtering long slits are arranged along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.
Optionally, the sections of the filtering part and the filtering long slit along the direction perpendicular to the first direction are all linear, and the sections of the filtering patch and the filtering slit along the direction perpendicular to the first direction are all cross-shaped;
the parasitic patch has a square cross section perpendicular to the first direction.
Optionally, the parasitic dielectric layer includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer is disposed on a side of the first dielectric layer facing the radiation layer, and a cavity extending along the first direction is disposed on the second dielectric layer;
the filter patch and each parasitic patch are arranged on one side of the first dielectric layer facing the second dielectric layer, and the filter patch and each parasitic patch are exposed out of the cavity.
Optionally, the radiation patch is disposed on a side of the radiation medium layer facing the parasitic layer, and the parasitic layer is exposed from the cavity.
Optionally, the feeding layer includes a feeding dielectric layer, a first feeding layer and a second feeding layer, where the first feeding layer and the second feeding layer are disposed on the feeding dielectric layer at intervals along the first direction;
the first feed layer is provided with a plurality of H-shaped feed gaps, the second feed layer comprises a plurality of strip line feed structures, and projections of the H-shaped feed gaps on the feed medium layer along the first direction are intersected with projections of the strip line feed structures on the feed medium layer along the first direction in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Optionally, the first feeding layer is disposed on a side of the feeding dielectric layer facing the radiation layer, and the second feeding layer is embedded in the feeding dielectric layer;
the microstrip filter antenna further comprises a reference ground, wherein the reference ground is arranged on the feed medium layer and is connected with the second feed layer, and the reference ground is partially exposed out of one side of the feed medium layer, which is opposite to the radiation layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a microstrip filter antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the parasitic layer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the radiation layer of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of the achievable gain of the microstrip filter antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of radiation power of a microstrip filter antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of radiation efficiency of a microstrip filter antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the specification are as follows:
1. a parasitic layer; 11. a parasitic dielectric layer; 111. a first dielectric layer; 112. a second dielectric layer; 12. a filter patch; 121. a filtering section; 121a, a first filtering part; 121b, a second filtering part; 13. parasitic patches; 131. a first edge; 132. a second edge; 133. a connecting edge;
2. a radiation layer; 21. a radiation medium layer; 22. a radiating patch; 221. a filtering gap; 2211. filtering the long seam;
3. a feed layer; 31. a feed dielectric layer; 311. a second metal isolation hole; 312. a fourth metal isolation hole; 32. a first feed layer; 321. an H-shaped feed slot; 322. a first metal isolation hole; 323. a third metal isolation hole; 33. a second feeding layer; 331. a stripline feed structure;
4. a reference ground;
z, a first direction; x, second direction; y, third direction.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the microstrip filter antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a parasitic layer 1, a radiation layer 2, and a feed layer 3 sequentially stacked along a first direction z, where the parasitic layer 1 includes a parasitic dielectric layer 11, and a filter patch 12 and a plurality of parasitic patches 13 disposed on the parasitic dielectric layer 11, the filter patch 12 includes a plurality of filter portions 121 intersecting at a first intersection region, one parasitic patch 13 is disposed between two adjacent filter portions 121, and each parasitic patch 13 is not connected to the filter patch 12.
The radiation layer 2 comprises a radiation medium layer 21 and a radiation patch 22 with a filter slit 221, the radiation patch 22 is arranged on the radiation medium layer 21, a cross section of the filter patch 12 along a direction perpendicular to the first direction z is consistent with a cross section of the filter slit 221 along the direction perpendicular to the first direction z, and a projection of the filter patch 12 onto the radiation patch 22 along the first direction z covers the filter slit 221.
The feed layer 3 is used to feed signals to the radiating patches 22.
According to the microstrip filter antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the filter patch 12 and the plurality of parasitic patches 13 are arranged on the parasitic layer 1, the radiation layer 2 is provided with the radiation patch 22 with the filter slot 221, and the second-order filter effect can be realized by the combined action between the filter patch 12 and the filter slot 221 on the basis of the conventional microstrip filter antenna by enabling the cross section of the filter patch 12 along the direction vertical to the first direction z to be consistent with the cross section of the filter slot 221 along the direction vertical to the first direction z and enabling the projection of the filter patch 12 on the radiation patch 22 along the first direction z to cover the filter slot 221. When the microstrip filter antenna of the embodiment of the invention works, the feed layer 3 feeds signals to the radiation patch 22, the parasitic patch 13 acts with the radiation patch 22 to jointly radiate or receive electromagnetic waves to space, and the combined action between the filter patch 12 and the filter slot 221 realizes a second-order filter effect. The microstrip filter antenna has the advantages of simple structure, good filter characteristic, convenience for PCB processing, realization of one-time lamination of the PCB, low cost and excellent second-order filter characteristic, and has great significance for multi-system isolation, multi-antenna array surface, integrated antenna array surface and transceiving isolation of a common-caliber array surface of the whole antenna in lifting engineering.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the included angles between two adjacent filtering portions 121 are consistent, so as to make the filtering characteristics better. The distance between the center of each parasitic patch 13 and the center of the first intersection area is identical, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent parasitic patches 13 is identical, so that a complementary structure is formed between the filter patch 12 and the filter slot 221, and a second-order filtering effect can be realized through the combined action between the filter patch 12 and the filter slot 221 on the basis of the existing microstrip filter antenna.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, two adjacent filter units 121, one filter unit 121 is a first filter unit 121a, and the other filter unit 121 is a second filter unit 121b.
The parasitic patch 13 has a first edge 131 adjacent to the first filter 121a, a second edge 132 adjacent to the second filter 121b, and a connection edge 133 connected between one end of the first edge 131 and one end of the second edge 132, and the other end of the first edge 131 is connected to the other end of the second edge 132 to form the parasitic patch 13.
The first edge 131 of the parasitic patch 13 is parallel to the adjacent first filtering part 121a, the second edge 132 of the parasitic patch 13 is parallel to the adjacent second filtering part 121b, and the distance between the first edge 131 of the parasitic patch 13 and the adjacent first filtering part 121a is consistent with the distance between the second edge 132 of the parasitic patch 13 and the adjacent second filtering part 121b, so as to achieve better filtering effect.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the filtering slit 221 includes a plurality of filtering slits 2211 intersecting at a second intersecting area, the plurality of filtering portions 121 are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of filtering slits 2211 along the first direction z, and a projection of each filtering portion 121 on the radiation patch 22 along the first direction z covers the corresponding filtering slits 2211.
The center of the first intersection region and the center of the second intersection region are located on the same line extending in the first direction z.
The filter patch 12 is made complementary to the filter slit 221 by forming the filter slit 221 from a plurality of filter slits 2211 intersecting with a second intersecting region, and by locating the center of the first intersecting region and the center of the second intersecting region on the same straight line extending in the first direction z, the filter suppression edge roll-off characteristic obtained in this case is higher and the suppression depth is deeper.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, four filter units 121 are provided, wherein two filter units 121 are disposed along a second direction x perpendicular to the first direction z, and the other two filter units 121 are disposed along a third direction y perpendicular to the first direction z and the second direction x.
The parasitic patches 13 are provided with four, each parasitic patch 13 is square along a section perpendicular to the first direction z, and the four parasitic patches 13 are arranged in a symmetrical array with respect to a center line of the filter patch 12.
The filtering slits 2211 are provided with four filtering slits 2211, wherein two filtering slits 2211 are arranged along a second direction x perpendicular to the first direction z, and the other two filtering slits 2211 are arranged along a third direction y perpendicular to the first direction z and the second direction x.
At this time, if the sections of the filtering portion 121 and the filtering long slit 2211 along the direction perpendicular to the first direction z are both linear, the sections of the filtering patch 12 and the filtering slit 221 along the direction perpendicular to the first direction z are all cross-shaped, and a cross-shaped complementary filtering structure is formed between the filtering patch 12 and the filtering slit 221, so that the current path and mode on each patch are changed, so that the antenna unit cannot be effectively excited in the target filtering frequency band, and the total radiation power of the antenna is reduced, thereby realizing the filtering effect.
Preferably, when the cross sections of the filter patch 12 and the filter slot 221 along the direction perpendicular to the first direction z are cross-shaped, the cross section of the parasitic patch 13 along the direction perpendicular to the first direction z is square, and the current and coupling between the adjacent positions of the filter patch 12 and the parasitic patch 13 are stable.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the filter patch 12, the parasitic patch 13 and the radiation patch are all made of metal, the parasitic patch 13 and the radiation patch 22 are used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves, and the filter patch 12 and the filter slit 221 cooperate to generate a second-order filtering effect.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, the radiation patch 22 may be circular in shape. In other embodiments, not shown in the drawings, the shape of the radiation patch may be rectangular or polygonal, and the shape of the radiation patch may be regular polygon, or irregular arbitrary shape, so long as the filter slit may be disposed thereon.
In one embodiment, the performance of the antenna may be adjusted by adjusting the dimensions of the filtering portion 121, the filtering slot 221 and the parasitic patch 13, so as to obtain a desired suppression band and two radiation zero positions. Specifically, taking the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3 as an example, in the illustrated embodiment, the filter patch 12 and the filter slot 221 are both in a cross shape, the parasitic patch 13 is in a square shape, and the radiation patch 22 is in a circular shape. The total length L1 of the two filtering portions 121 of the filter patch 12 along the second direction x, the total length slot_l1 of the two filtering long slits 2211 of the filter slit 221 along the second direction x, the total length L2 of the two filtering portions 121 of the filter patch 12 along the third direction y, and the total length slot_l2 of the two filtering long slits 2211 of the filter slit 221 along the third direction y mainly affect the radiation zero point position, and the longer each length, the lower the radiation zero point of the corresponding patch. Further, the width W1 of the filtering portion 121 and the width slot_w1 of the long filtering Slot 2211, and the Slot width GapL between the filtering Patch 12 and the parasitic Patch 13 mainly affect the depth of filtering suppression, and the side length Patch x of the parasitic Patch 13 and the diameter patch_r of the radiating Patch 22 jointly adjust the impedance matching of the antenna.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the parasitic dielectric layer 11 includes a first dielectric layer 111 and a second dielectric layer 112, where the second dielectric layer 112 is disposed on a side of the first dielectric layer 111 facing the radiation layer 2, and a cavity extending along the first direction z is disposed on the second dielectric layer 112.
The filter patch 12 and each parasitic patch 13 are disposed on a side of the first dielectric layer 111 facing the second dielectric layer 112, and the filter patch 12 and each parasitic patch 13 are exposed out of the cavity.
Further, the radiation patch 22 is disposed on a side of the radiation medium layer 21 facing the parasitic layer 1, and the parasitic layer 1 is exposed from the cavity, that is, the radiation patch 22, the filter patch 12 and each parasitic patch 13 are all located at the cavity, and the radiation patch 22, the filter patch 12 and each parasitic patch 13 are isolated by the cavity, so that the parasitic patch 13 and the radiation patch 22 act to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves jointly to the space, and the combined action between the filter patch 12 and the filter slit 221 realizes a second-order filtering effect.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding layer 3 includes a feeding dielectric layer 31, a first feeding layer 32, and a second feeding layer 33, where the first feeding layer 32 and the second feeding layer 33 are disposed on the feeding dielectric layer 31 at intervals along the first direction z.
The first feeding layer 32 is provided with a plurality of H-shaped feeding slits 321, the second feeding layer 33 includes a plurality of strip line feeding structures 331, and projections of the plurality of H-shaped feeding slits 321 on the feeding medium layer 31 along the first direction z intersect with projections of the plurality of strip line feeding structures 331 on the feeding medium layer 31 along the first direction z in a one-to-one correspondence.
The H-shaped feed slot 321 and the strip line feed structure 331 are both made of metal, the H-shaped feed slot 321 is used for adjusting the transmitted electromagnetic wave, the strip line feed structure 331 is used for transmitting the electromagnetic wave signal, and multi-polarization operation is realized by arranging a plurality of strip line feed structures 331, for example, dual-polarization operation can be realized by two strip line feed structures 331.
When the microstrip filter antenna works, the strip line feed structure 331 couples electromagnetic wave signals to the radiation patch 22 through the H-shaped feed slot 321, and the radiation patch 22 and the parasitic patch 13 act to jointly radiate or receive electromagnetic waves to space.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the strip line feeding structure 331 is a T-shaped feeding structure, the cross arm of the H-shaped feeding slit 321 is parallel to the cross arm of the corresponding intersecting T-shaped feeding structure, and the projection of the cross arm of the H-shaped feeding slit 321 on the feeding dielectric layer 31 along the first direction x is not overlapped with the projection of the cross arm of the corresponding intersecting T-shaped feeding structure on the feeding dielectric layer 31 along the first direction x.
The cross arms of any two adjacent H-shaped feed gaps 321 are mutually perpendicular, and the cross arms of any two adjacent T-shaped feed structures are mutually perpendicular.
Thus, the arrangement directions of any two adjacent H-shaped feed slits 321 are different by 90 °, and correspondingly, the arrangement directions of any two adjacent T-shaped feed structures are also different by 90 °. Based on the path direction of the signal in the transmission process, 2 orthogonal signal modes with equal amplitude and 90-degree phase difference can be excited, and any polarized antenna can be synthesized through two orthogonal linear polarizations, so that the full polarization function of the antenna can be realized.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first feeding layer 32 is disposed on a side of the feeding dielectric layer 31 facing the radiation layer 2, and the second feeding layer 33 is embedded in the feeding dielectric layer 31, so as to ensure that the first feeding layer 32 and the second feeding layer 33 are disposed at intervals along the first direction z.
The microstrip filter antenna further comprises a reference ground 4, wherein the reference ground 4 is arranged on the feed dielectric layer 31 and is connected with the second feed layer 33, and a part of the reference ground 4 is exposed at one side of the feed dielectric layer 31, which is opposite to the radiation layer 2.
The reference ground 4 is made of metal and is used for an antenna strip line transmission structure, so that signal crosstalk can be prevented.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the edge of the first feeding layer 32 is provided with a plurality of first metal isolation holes 322, and a connecting line at the center of each first metal isolation hole 322 may surround a plurality of the H-shaped feeding slits 321.
The edge of the feed dielectric layer 31 is provided with a plurality of second metal isolation holes 311, and a connecting line of the centers of the plurality of second metal isolation holes 311 may surround the plurality of strip line feed structures 331.
The plurality of first metal isolation holes 322 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second metal isolation holes 311 along the first direction z.
By providing the first metal isolation holes 322 and the corresponding second metal isolation holes 311, a good matching of the stripline feed structure 331 can be achieved without generating cavity resonance and leakage.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a third metal isolation hole 323 is disposed on the first feeding layer 32 at a position between any two adjacent H-shaped feeding slits 321.
A fourth metal isolation hole 312 is provided in the feed dielectric layer 31 at a position between any adjacent two of the strip line feed structures 331.
The third metal isolation holes 323 between any two adjacent H-shaped feed slits 321 are in one-to-one correspondence with the fourth metal isolation holes 312 between the corresponding two adjacent stripline feed structures 331 along the first direction z.
By providing the third metal isolation holes 323 and the corresponding fourth metal isolation holes 312, the coupling of electromagnetic waves between the adjacent two strip line feed structures 331 in the medium can be shielded.
In other embodiments not shown in the drawings, the feeding structure of the feeding layer is not limited to the slot coupling structure in the example, but an L-shaped feeding structure, a probe feeding structure, or the like may be employed.
The microstrip filter antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention is composed of 5 layers of patterns and 4 layers of medium carriers, wherein the 5 layers of patterns comprise: a first layer consisting of a filter patch 12 and a parasitic patch 13, a second layer consisting of a radiating patch 22 with a filter slot 221, a third layer consisting of a first feed layer 32 with an H-shaped feed slot 321, a fourth layer consisting of a stripline feed structure 331, a fifth layer consisting of a reference ground 4. The 4-layer medium carrier comprises: a first dielectric layer 111, a second dielectric layer 112, a radiating dielectric layer 21, and a feeding dielectric layer 31.
The microstrip filter antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The miniaturization of the filter antenna is realized, the structure is simple, and the processing technology difficulty is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the complementary double cross structure is integrated in the parasitic patch 13 and the radiation patch 22, no additional space or circuit is needed to realize the filtering effect, and no additional layer number, hole number and processing procedure of the PCB are added, and the second order filtering suppression effect can be realized by only adding double cross patterns when etching the patterns on the first layer and the second layer of patches in the antenna processing process, which does not increase any cost and difficulty improvement for the PCB processing factory.
(2) The second-order filtering effect without extra loss is realized.
By applying the double cross scheme in the invention, a microstrip filter antenna which works within the frequency range of 10.7GHz-12.7GHz is designed. After simulation, the simulation result of the gain can be achieved, as shown in fig. 4, the microstrip filter antenna has a better filtering effect in the frequency range of 13.5GHz-17.5GHz, a second-order filtering effect is formed, meanwhile, radiation zero points are formed at two frequency points of 13.8GHz and 16.3GHz, and gain suppression of 17dB-50dB is achieved in the suppression frequency band. Whereas the conventional first order filter antenna scheme forms a zero only around 13.8GHz, because the filter bandwidth is also narrower, there is only 17dB of suppression gain suppression around 13.5GHz-14.4 GHz. Compared with the conventional scheme, the complementary double-cross scheme of the microstrip filter antenna improves the filter bandwidth to 4.6 times, and solves the problem of narrow first-order filter bandwidth of the microstrip fusion filter antenna.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the simulation result of the radiation power of the microstrip filter antenna of the present invention shows that, under the same input power of 1W, the radiation power of the microstrip filter antenna of the present invention can be suppressed within the frequency band of 13.5GHz-17.5GHz, and compared with the conventional first-order filter antenna scheme, the microstrip filter antenna of the present invention has the same effect only within the frequency band of 13.5GHz-15GHz, and the filter power suppression bandwidth of the microstrip filter antenna of the present invention can be increased to 2.6 times of the conventional scheme, thereby the microstrip filter antenna of the present invention can solve the problem of the microstrip fusion filter antenna of the first-order filter bandwidth being narrow.
In addition, the microstrip filter antenna of the present invention incorporates a double cross structure in the radiating patch 22 and the parasitic patch 13, without generating additional transmission lines or circuit structures, and the simulation result of the radiation efficiency thereof is shown in fig. 6. Compared with the conventional non-filtering antenna with almost consistent radiation efficiency at each frequency under the same medium substrate, the difference of the radiation efficiency of the microstrip filter antenna is within 2%, which indicates that the microstrip filter antenna of the invention does not generate extra loss, and the simulation efficiency is slightly improved, which is caused by the change of the antenna impedance after the microstrip filter antenna of the invention fuses with the filter structure. Compared with a filter antenna with a matching circuit or a fusion matching circuit, the microstrip filter antenna effectively solves the problem of high filter antenna loss in conventional engineering.
The microstrip filter antenna effectively solves the problems of high loss, complex structure, high cost and narrow bandwidth of a conventional first-order filter band of a conventional microstrip filter antenna.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The microstrip filter antenna is characterized by comprising a parasitic layer, a radiation layer and a feed layer which are sequentially stacked along a first direction, wherein the parasitic layer comprises a parasitic dielectric layer, a filter patch and a plurality of parasitic patches, the filter patch and the parasitic patches are arranged on the parasitic dielectric layer, the filter patch comprises a plurality of filter parts which are intersected in a first intersection area, one parasitic patch is arranged between two adjacent filter parts, and each parasitic patch is not connected with the filter patch;
the radiation layer comprises a radiation medium layer and a radiation patch with a filtering gap, the radiation patch is arranged on the radiation medium layer, the cross section of the filtering patch perpendicular to the first direction is consistent with the cross section of the filtering gap perpendicular to the first direction, and the projection of the filtering patch on the radiation patch along the first direction covers the filtering gap;
the feed layer is for feeding signals to the radiating patches.
2. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between two adjacent ones of said filter sections is uniform;
the distance between the center of each parasitic patch and the center of the first intersection area is consistent;
the distances between the centers of two adjacent parasitic patches are consistent.
3. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 1, wherein one of two adjacent filter sections is a first filter section, and the other filter section is a second filter section;
the parasitic patch is provided with a first edge close to the first filtering part, a second edge close to the second filtering part and a connecting edge connected between one end of the first edge and one end of the second edge, and the other end of the first edge is connected with the other end of the second edge;
the first edge of the parasitic patch is parallel to the adjacent first filtering part, the second edge of the parasitic patch is parallel to the adjacent second filtering part, and the distance between the first edge of the parasitic patch and the adjacent first filtering part is consistent with the distance between the second edge of the parasitic patch and the adjacent second filtering part.
4. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 1, wherein said filter slot comprises a plurality of filter slots intersecting at a second intersection region, a plurality of said filter sections being disposed in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of said filter slots along said first direction, a projection of each said filter section onto said radiation patch along said first direction covering a corresponding said filter slot;
the center of the first intersection region and the center of the second intersection region are located on the same straight line extending in the first direction.
5. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 4, wherein said filter sections are provided with four, two of said filter sections being provided in a second direction perpendicular to said first direction, and the other two of said filter sections being provided in a third direction perpendicular to said first direction and said second direction;
the parasitic patches are arranged in four, each parasitic patch is square along a section perpendicular to the first direction, and the four parasitic patches are symmetrically arranged in an array with respect to the central line of the filter patch;
the filtering long slits are arranged in four, two of the filtering long slits are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the other two filtering long slits are arranged along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.
6. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 5, wherein said filter portion and said filter slit are both rectilinear in cross section along a direction perpendicular to said first direction, and said filter patch and said filter slit are both cross-shaped in cross section along a direction perpendicular to said first direction;
the parasitic patch has a square cross section perpendicular to the first direction.
7. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 1, wherein said parasitic dielectric layer comprises a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, said second dielectric layer being disposed on a side of said first dielectric layer facing said radiation layer, said second dielectric layer having a cavity disposed thereon extending along said first direction;
the filter patch and each parasitic patch are arranged on one side of the first dielectric layer facing the second dielectric layer, and the filter patch and each parasitic patch are exposed out of the cavity.
8. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 7, wherein said radiating patch is disposed on a side of said radiating dielectric layer facing said parasitic layer, and said parasitic layer is exposed from said cavity.
9. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 1, wherein said feed layer comprises a feed dielectric layer, a first feed layer and a second feed layer, said first and second feed layers being disposed on said feed dielectric layer at intervals along said first direction;
the first feed layer is provided with a plurality of H-shaped feed gaps, the second feed layer comprises a plurality of strip line feed structures, and projections of the H-shaped feed gaps on the feed medium layer along the first direction are intersected with projections of the strip line feed structures on the feed medium layer along the first direction in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
10. The microstrip filter antenna according to claim 9, wherein said first feed layer is disposed on a side of said feed dielectric layer facing said radiation layer, said second feed layer being embedded within said feed dielectric layer;
the microstrip filter antenna further comprises a reference ground, wherein the reference ground is arranged on the feed medium layer and is connected with the second feed layer, and the reference ground is partially exposed out of one side of the feed medium layer, which is opposite to the radiation layer.
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