CN116953776B - Advanced geological forecasting device for tunnel - Google Patents
Advanced geological forecasting device for tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN116953776B CN116953776B CN202311198884.1A CN202311198884A CN116953776B CN 116953776 B CN116953776 B CN 116953776B CN 202311198884 A CN202311198884 A CN 202311198884A CN 116953776 B CN116953776 B CN 116953776B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/143—Generating seismic energy using mechanical driving means, e.g. motor driven shaft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/04—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel advanced geological prediction device, which comprises: one side of the seismic source mechanism is abutted to the tunnel face, and the seismic source mechanism is used for emitting seismic source waves; a sliding deployment mechanism, comprising: the fixed plate is arranged on the other side of the seismic source mechanism; the pushing plate is arranged on the fixed plate in a sliding way, and a rotating opening is formed in one side of the pushing plate, facing the tunnel face; the pair of support rods are respectively and rotatably arranged on the rotating ports; the pair of unfolding plates are respectively and rotatably arranged at two ends of the seismic source mechanism; the support mechanism is arranged on the other side of the fixed plate, a linear driver is arranged on the support mechanism, and the moving end of the linear driver is fixedly connected with one side of the push plate; and the detection mechanisms are respectively and correspondingly arranged at one sides of the pair of unfolding plates and detect echo signals of the vibration source waves emitted by the vibration source mechanisms. According to the invention, the sliding unfolding mechanism is arranged, so that the unfolding and shrinking states of the detection mechanism can be controlled, and the vibration source mechanism can be hammered to generate vibration source waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering. More particularly, the invention relates to a tunnel advanced geological prediction device.
Background
The advanced prediction technology of tunnel geology is a main means for reducing tunnel geology disasters, and is used for making advanced predictions on surrounding rock lithology, stratum constitution and groundwater condition in front of and around a tunnel before and during tunnel construction, so as to reduce the influence of bad geologic bodies on tunnel construction safety.
The earthquake detection technology is a main technology of the prior tunnel geological advanced prediction because of the advantages of large detection range, high detection precision and the like, wherein the TSP tunnel geological advanced prediction is characterized in that echo signals are excited in an arrangement mode in tunnel surrounding rocks, the echo signals encounter acoustic impedance interfaces in the process of propagating to a three-dimensional space, the reflection phenomenon of the echo signals can be generated, and the reflection waves are received by a detection device arranged in the tunnel surrounding rocks and are input into an instrument for signal amplification, digital acquisition and processing. But the existing earthquake data acquisition instrument for detecting tunnel walls such as TSP needs to be provided with a drilling hole with a certain depth on the tunnel wall in the use process, and meanwhile needs to seal and grouting the drilling hole, so that the construction process is complicated, the mode of exciting an explosive source is high in cost, the repeatability of the test is poor, the tunnel wall can be damaged to a certain extent, and the received geological body reflection information in front of the tunnel face has a certain error.
The patent application number 201910993604.3 discloses a coal tunnel advanced prediction collection system, carries out the focus echo detection through adopting the detection component that is parallel to tunnel face and laminating with tunnel face, has abandoned traditional boring detection's thinking, has solved TBM class tunnel and has arranged the restriction that focus and detector used to the punching, but the focus component of this device needs a plurality of hydraulic stems to drive the impact focus jointly and produces the source wave, and the driving process is too complicated.
Therefore, it is worth foreseeing how to design a tunnel overtime geological prediction device to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a tunnel advanced geological prediction apparatus comprising:
one side of the seismic source mechanism is abutted to the tunnel face, and the seismic source mechanism is used for emitting seismic source waves;
a sliding deployment mechanism, comprising:
the fixed plate is arranged on the other side of the seismic source mechanism;
the pushing plate is arranged on the fixed plate in a sliding manner, and a rotating opening is formed in one side, facing the tunnel face, of the pushing plate;
the pair of support rods are respectively arranged on the rotating opening in a rotating manner along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel;
the expansion plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the seismic source mechanism in a rotating mode along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel, and the other ends of the supporting rods are arranged at one side, back to the tunnel face, of the expansion plates in a sliding mode;
the support mechanism is arranged on the other side of the fixed plate, a linear driver is arranged on the support mechanism, and the moving end of the linear driver is fixedly connected with one side of the push plate;
the pair of detection mechanisms are respectively and correspondingly arranged on one sides of the pair of unfolding plates, and when the unfolding plates are unfolded to the position that the detection mechanisms are pressed against tunnel face, the detection mechanisms detect echo signals of the earthquake source waves emitted by the earthquake source mechanisms.
Preferably, the source mechanism includes:
the mounting plate is arranged at one end of the fixing plate, which faces the tunnel face;
the plurality of impact vibration sources are arranged on the mounting plate, and when the unfolding plate is unfolded to be on the same plane with the mounting plate, the pushing plate is used for hammering the impact vibration sources to emit vibration source waves.
Preferably, the detection mechanism includes:
the fixed end of the jacking driver is arranged on the outer side of the unfolding plate, and the movable end of the jacking driver is provided with a jacking rod;
and one side of the detector is fixedly arranged on the top pressure rod, and when the unfolding plate is unfolded to be in the same straight line with the mounting plate, the other side of the detector is contacted with the tunnel face.
Preferably, the geophone is a three-component geophone.
Preferably, a first sliding rail is arranged on the fixed plate along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, a first sliding block is arranged on the first sliding rail in a sliding manner, and the first sliding block is fixedly connected with the bottom of the push plate.
Preferably, a fixed shaft is arranged in the rotating opening along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel;
one end of the supporting rod is provided with a rotating shaft sleeve, and the rotating shaft sleeve is rotationally sleeved on the fixed shaft.
Preferably, an accommodating groove is concavely formed in one side, facing the tunnel face, of the push plate, and the accommodating groove is perpendicular to the tunneling direction of the tunnel;
when the unfolding plate and the mounting plate are unfolded to be in the same straight line, the supporting rod is accommodated in the accommodating groove.
Preferably, a second sliding rail is arranged on one side of the unfolding plate, which is opposite to the tunnel face, and is arranged along the radial direction of the rotation of the unfolding plate, a second sliding block is arranged on the second sliding rail in a sliding manner, and the top surface of the second sliding block is hinged to one end of the supporting rod.
Preferably, two ends of the mounting plate are respectively provided with a pair of fixed shaft sleeves;
one end of the unfolding plate is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the pair of fixed shaft sleeves in a penetrating mode.
Preferably, the support mechanism includes:
the two ends of the supporting arm rod are detachably arranged on the side walls at the two sides of the tunnel, and one side of the supporting arm rod is fixedly connected with the fixing plate;
the support seats are arranged at intervals along the tunneling direction at the bottom of the fixed plate.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the sliding unfolding mechanism is arranged, so that the unfolding and shrinking states of the detection mechanism can be controlled, and a plurality of impact vibration sources in the vibration source mechanism can be hammered at the same time, and the vibration source waves can be generated by driving the plurality of impact vibration sources simultaneously by one driving force.
According to the invention, the accommodating groove perpendicular to the tunneling direction is formed in one side of the push plate, so that when the unfolding plate and the mounting plate are positioned on the same plane, the supporting rod is accommodated in the accommodating groove, and the linear driver is not influenced to continuously drive the push plate, so that the vibration source mechanism is hammered.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the tunnel advanced geological prediction apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of structure A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the push plate of one embodiment of the present invention traveling to hammer the source mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the push plate of one aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is another side view of the push plate of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the source mechanism of one aspect of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a side view of the deployment plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a tunnel advanced geological prediction device, which includes:
a seismic source mechanism 4, wherein one side of the seismic source mechanism is abutted to the tunnel face 1, and the seismic source mechanism 4 is used for emitting a seismic source wave; the source mechanism 4 may include a mounting plate 41 and a plurality of impact sources 42 mounted on the mounting plate 41, and the hammering impact sources 42 are utilized to make the source mechanism 4 emit source waves, and the source waves propagate in three-dimensional space in the tunneling direction and in other two directions perpendicular to the tunneling direction;
a sliding deployment mechanism 3, comprising:
a fixed plate 31 provided on the other side of the seismic source mechanism 4; the fixing plate 31 may be made of carbon steel or stainless steel, so as to have a certain hardness and strength, and the fixing plate 31 may be transversely and vertically fixed on a side of the seismic source mechanism 4 facing away from the tunnel face 1;
a push plate 32 slidably disposed on the fixed plate 31, wherein a rotation opening 321 is formed on a side of the push plate 32 facing the tunnel face 1; wherein, the push plate 32 can be slidably disposed on the fixed plate 31 through a sliding block and a sliding rail or a guide rail and a roller, and the section of the rotating opening 321 can be rectangular or circular;
a pair of struts 33, wherein the struts 33 are respectively rotatably arranged on the rotating opening 321 along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel; the supporting rod 33 can be rotatably arranged on the rotating opening 321 through a shaft sleeve and a fixed shaft 322 arranged in the rotating opening 321, wherein the rotating direction of the supporting rod 33 is arranged along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel so as to realize that the pushing plate 32 pushes the supporting rod 33 along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, and the pushing plate 32 rotates without influencing the advancing of the pushing plate 32;
the pair of expansion plates 34 are respectively and rotatably arranged at two ends of the seismic source mechanism 4 along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel, wherein the other ends of the supporting rods 33 are slidably arranged at one side of the expansion plates 34, which is away from the tunnel face 1; a pair of unfolding plates 34 and the supporting rods 33 rotate in similar directions, the pushing plate 32 is pushed to slide on the fixed plate 31, the pushing plate 32 advances to enable the supporting rods 33 to rotate, and the unfolding plates 34 rotate on the seismic source mechanism 4 along the tunneling direction of a vertical tunnel through pushing force transmission, so that the unfolding plates 34 are unfolded, wherein a sliding unfolding mechanism 3 consisting of the fixed plate 31, the supporting rods 33 and the unfolding plates 34 enables a detection mechanism 5 to be unfolded on the seismic source mechanism 4;
the support mechanism is arranged on the other side of the fixed plate 31, a linear driver 6 is arranged on the support mechanism, and the moving end of the linear driver 6 is fixedly connected with one side of the push plate 32; the supporting mechanism may comprise a fixed frame or supporting arm bars 2 transversely arranged on side walls 11 at two sides of the tunnel. The supporting mechanism is used for supporting the seismic source mechanism 4 to be closely attached to the tunnel face 1, the linear driver 6 can be a linear motor, a linear oil cylinder or an electric push rod, preferably an electric push rod, and the linear driver 6 provides driving force for the sliding unfolding mechanism 3 so as to hammer the seismic source mechanism 4 more conveniently and with certain force;
the pair of detection mechanisms 5 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on one sides of the pair of unfolding plates 34, and when the unfolding plates 34 are unfolded until the detection mechanisms 5 press the tunnel face 1, the detection mechanisms 5 detect echo signals of the earthquake source waves emitted by the earthquake source mechanisms 4; the detection mechanism 5 is arranged on one side of the expansion plate 34, which faces the tunnel face 1, when geological prediction is carried out in the tunnel, the tunnel face in the tunnel is preferentially and correspondingly drilled, when the expansion plate 34 is expanded to the position, pushed by the sliding expansion mechanism 3, of the detection mechanism 5 to press the tunnel face 1, the detection mechanism 5 correspondingly stretches into the drilled hole, at the moment, the seismic source mechanism 4 provides elastic seismic source waves and penetrates into a tunnel rock body to generate reflection, and the detection mechanism 5 receives echo signals, so that advanced prediction of tunnel geology is realized.
In the above technical solution, after the seismic source mechanism 4 is abutted against the tunnel face 1 and the fixing plate 31 is set along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, the geological prediction device is fixed on the tunnel by using the supporting mechanism, the linear driver 6 is started, the linear driver 6 drives the push plate 32 to slide on the fixing plate 31, further, the pair of struts 33 slide along with the push plate 32 and gradually expand and push the expansion plate 34, when the expansion plate 34 expands and the detecting mechanism 5 presses the tunnel face 1, the linear driver 6 continues to drive, so that the push plate 32 continues to generate thrust force to hammer the seismic source mechanism 4, so that the seismic source mechanism 4 emits a seismic source wave, and the detecting mechanism 5 is used for detecting an echo signal of the seismic source wave emitted by the seismic source mechanism 4; the sliding unfolding mechanism 3 not only can control the unfolding and shrinking states of the detecting mechanism 5, but also can hammer a plurality of impact vibration sources 42 in the vibration source mechanism 4 at the same time, so that a driving force can be realized conveniently, and a plurality of impact vibration sources 42 can be driven simultaneously to generate vibration source waves together.
In another aspect, the source mechanism 4 includes:
a mounting plate 41 provided at an end of the fixing plate 31 facing the tunnel face 1; the mounting plate 41 may be made of stainless steel or carbon steel, the mounting plate 41 is arranged parallel to the tunnel face, and the mounting plate 41 may be welded and fixed or inserted into one end of the fixing plate 31;
a plurality of impact vibration sources 42, wherein the plurality of impact vibration sources 42 are arranged on the mounting plate 41, and when the unfolding plate 34 is unfolded to be on the same plane with the mounting plate 41, the pushing plate 32 blows the impact vibration sources 42 to emit vibration source waves; wherein, the impact source 42 may be a controllable mechanical impact source 42, the repetition frequency is 1-60 times/second, the excitation energy is 2000-4000J, the frequency band range of the earthquake wavelet is 10-1200 Hz, and when the expansion plate 34 is expanded to be on the same plane with the mounting plate 41 under the action of the push plate 32, the impact source 42 is hammered by the thrust force generated by the linear driver 6 on the push plate 32, so as to emit the earthquake source wave.
In the above technical solution, the mounting plate 41 is disposed parallel to the tunnel face 1, so that the impact seismic source 42 is tightly abutted against the tunnel face 1, the linear driver 6 is started, the linear driver 6 can push the push plate 32 and spread the spreading plate 34 through the supporting rod 33, and when the spreading plate is on the same plane as the mounting plate 41, the linear driver 6 can continuously drive the push plate 32 to hammer the impact seismic source 42, so as to make the impact seismic source 42 emit the seismic source wave.
In another aspect, the detecting mechanism 5 includes:
the fixed end of the pushing driver 51 is arranged at the outer side of the unfolding plate 34, and the moving end of the pushing driver 51 is provided with a pushing rod 52; wherein, the jacking driver 51 may be a linear motor or an electric push rod, and the jacking driver 51 provides driving force for the jacking rod 52;
a pickup 53, one side of which is fixedly provided on the push rod 52, and the other side of which pickup 53 contacts the tunnel face 1 when the deployment plate 34 is deployed on the same line as the mounting plate 41; the push plate 32 slides on the fixed plate 31 to drive the supporting rod 33 to rotate, and when the unfolding plate 34 is unfolded to be in the same straight line with the mounting plate 41, the top pressure driver 51 drives the top pressure rod 52 to move, and the detector 53 is pushed into a pre-drilled rotating hole, so that the echo signals reflected by the seismic source wave emitted by the seismic source mechanism 4 are collected and detected.
In the above technical solution, when the push plate 32 deploys the deployment plate 34 through the strut 33 to be in the same line with the mounting plate 41, the top pressure driver 51 is started, the top pressure driver 51 drives the top pressure rod 52, and the detector 53 located on the top pressure rod 52 is pushed into a pre-drilled borehole, so that it is helpful for the detector 53 to collect and detect echo signals reflected by acoustic impedance interfaces such as fracture fault development areas, karst areas, gas enrichment areas, etc. of a seismic source.
In another embodiment, the detector 53 is a three-component geophone; the frequency band range of the three-component geophone is 0.5-500 Hz, full-wave seismic data acquisition can be realized, high-precision imaging of abnormal bodies is facilitated, and three-dimensional multi-component seismic data acquisition of non-abnormal bodies such as a fracture fault development area, a karst area, a gas enrichment area and the like in front of a face can be realized.
In another technical scheme, a first sliding rail is arranged on the fixed plate 31 along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, a first sliding block is arranged on the first sliding rail in a sliding manner, and the first sliding block is fixedly connected with the bottom of the push plate 32; the first sliding rail and the first sliding block are arranged to facilitate the sliding of the push plate 32 on the fixed plate 31 under the action of the linear driver 6, so as to realize the expansion and contraction of the sliding expansion mechanism 3.
In another technical scheme, a fixed shaft 322 is arranged in the rotating opening 321 along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel;
a rotating shaft 341 sleeve is arranged at one end of the supporting rod 33, and the rotating shaft 341 sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft 322; the fixed shaft 322 and the rotating shaft 341 sleeves may be made of stainless steel or carbon steel, and the rotating shaft 341 sleeves on the supporting rod 33 are rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft 322 in the rotating port 321, so as to realize that the pair of supporting rods 33 are rotatably arranged in the rotating port 321 of the pushing plate 32.
In another technical scheme, an accommodating groove 323 is concavely formed in one side of the push plate 32 facing the tunnel face 1, and the accommodating groove 323 is perpendicular to the tunneling direction of the tunnel;
wherein the strut 33 is accommodated in the accommodation groove 323 when the deployment plate 34 is deployed in the same line as the mounting plate 41; wherein, the arrangement of the accommodation groove 323 is helpful for accommodating the strut 33 in the accommodation groove 323 when the push plate 32 is pushed to be parallel to the mounting plate 41 and the unfolding plate 34 and the mounting plate 41 are on the same plane, without affecting the push plate 32 hammering the seismic source mechanism 4 to generate a seismic source wave.
In another technical scheme, a second sliding rail 342 is disposed on a side of the expansion plate 34 facing away from the tunnel face 1, the second sliding rail 342 is disposed along a radial direction of rotation of the expansion plate 34, a second sliding block 343 is slidably disposed on the second sliding rail 342, and a top surface of the second sliding block 343 is hinged to one end of the supporting rod 33; the second sliding rail 342 and the second sliding block 343 are configured to enable the supporting rod 33 and the deployment plate 34 to be in sliding connection, so that the supporting rod 33 is pushed to rotate and slide by the push plate 32, and when the length of the supporting rod 33 along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel is continuously prolonged, the supporting rod 33 and the deployment plate 34 are not rigidly connected, thereby not causing rigid damage.
In another technical scheme, two ends of the mounting plate 41 are respectively provided with a pair of fixed shaft 322 sleeves 43;
a rotating shaft 341 is arranged at one end of the unfolding plate 34, and the rotating shaft 341 is rotatably arranged on the pair of fixed shaft 322 sleeves 43; the fixed shaft 322 sleeve 43 and the rotating shaft 341 may be made of stainless steel or carbon steel, and the rotating shaft 341 at one end of the expansion plate 34 is rotatably inserted into the fixed shaft 322 sleeve 43 on the mounting plate 41, so as to enable the expansion plate 34 to rotate on the mounting plate 41 under the action of the supporting rod 33.
In another aspect, the supporting mechanism includes:
the two ends of the supporting arm rod 2 are detachably arranged on the side walls 11 at the two sides of the tunnel, and one side of the supporting arm rod 2 is fixedly connected with the fixed plate 31; the two ends of the supporting arm rod 2 can be detachably arranged on the side walls 11 at two sides of the tunnel through expansion screws, one side of the supporting arm rod 2 can be fixed with the fixing plate 31 through welding so as to provide supporting force for the seismic source mechanism 4 and the detection mechanism 5, and the supporting arm rod 2 can be a telescopic rod, so that the length can be conveniently adjusted to adapt to the lengths at two sides of the tunnel;
the plurality of supporting seats are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the fixed plate 31 along the tunneling direction; the supporting seat can be detachably arranged at the bottom of the fixed plate 31, and the bottom of the supporting seat can be fixed on a tunnel through expansion screws and screw holes, or a balancing weight is added to strengthen the stability of the supporting seat, and the supporting seat provides a bottom supporting force for the sliding unfolding mechanism 3 so as to strengthen the motion stability of the sliding unfolding mechanism 3.
In the above technical solution, after the seismic source mechanism 4 abuts against the tunnel face 1, the supporting arm 2 is fixed on the side walls 11 at two sides of the tunnel, so that the sliding unfolding mechanism 3, the seismic source mechanism 4 and the detecting mechanism 5 provide supporting force, and the plurality of supporting seats are disposed at the bottom of the fixing plate 31, so as to further enhance the stability of the geological forecasting device.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The tunnel advanced geological prediction device is characterized by comprising:
one side of the seismic source mechanism is abutted to the tunnel face, and the seismic source mechanism is used for emitting seismic source waves;
a sliding deployment mechanism, comprising:
the fixed plate is arranged on the other side of the seismic source mechanism;
the pushing plate is arranged on the fixed plate in a sliding manner, and a rotating opening is formed in one side, facing the tunnel face, of the pushing plate;
the pair of support rods are respectively arranged on the rotating opening in a rotating manner along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel;
the expansion plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the seismic source mechanism in a rotating mode along the tunneling direction of the vertical tunnel, and the other ends of the supporting rods are arranged at one side, back to the tunnel face, of the expansion plates in a sliding mode;
the support mechanism is arranged on the other side of the fixed plate, a linear driver is arranged on the support mechanism, and the moving end of the linear driver is fixedly connected with one side of the push plate;
the detection mechanisms are respectively and correspondingly arranged at one sides of the pair of unfolding plates, and when the unfolding plates are unfolded to the position that the detection mechanisms press the tunnel face, the detection mechanisms detect echo signals of the vibration source waves sent by the vibration source mechanisms;
wherein, the source mechanism includes:
the mounting plate is arranged at one end of the fixing plate, which faces the tunnel face;
the plurality of impact vibration sources are arranged on the mounting plate, and when the unfolding plate is unfolded to be on the same plane with the mounting plate, the pushing plate is used for hammering the impact vibration sources to emit vibration source waves;
wherein, detection mechanism includes:
the fixed end of the jacking driver is arranged on the outer side of the unfolding plate, and the movable end of the jacking driver is provided with a jacking rod;
and one side of the detector is fixedly arranged on the top pressure rod, and when the unfolding plate is unfolded to be in the same straight line with the mounting plate, the other side of the detector is contacted with the tunnel face.
2. The tunnel advance geological prediction apparatus of claim 1, wherein said detectors are three-component geophones.
3. The advanced geological prediction device for tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a first sliding rail is arranged on the fixed plate along the tunneling direction of the tunnel, a first sliding block is slidably arranged on the first sliding rail, and the first sliding block is fixedly connected with the bottom of the push plate.
4. The tunnel advanced geological prediction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a fixed shaft is provided in the rotating port along the radial direction of the rotation of the strut;
one end of the supporting rod is provided with a rotating shaft sleeve, and the rotating shaft sleeve is rotationally sleeved on the fixed shaft.
5. The advanced geological prediction device of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a receiving groove is concavely formed on one side of the push plate facing the tunnel face of the tunnel, and the receiving groove is arranged perpendicular to the tunneling direction of the tunnel;
when the unfolding plate and the mounting plate are unfolded to be in the same straight line, the supporting rod is accommodated in the accommodating groove.
6. The advanced geological prediction device for tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a second sliding rail is arranged on one side of the unfolding plate, which is away from the tunnel face, and is arranged along the rotating radial direction of the unfolding plate, a second sliding block is arranged on the second sliding rail in a sliding manner, and the top surface of the second sliding block is hinged with one end of the supporting rod.
7. The tunnel advanced geological prediction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a pair of fixed shaft sleeves are respectively arranged at two ends of the mounting plate;
one end of the unfolding plate is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the pair of fixed shaft sleeves in a penetrating mode.
8. The tunnel advance geological forecast apparatus of claim 1, wherein the support mechanism comprises:
the two ends of the supporting arm rod are detachably arranged on the side walls at the two sides of the tunnel, and one side of the supporting arm rod is fixedly connected with the fixing plate;
the support seats are arranged at intervals along the tunneling direction at the bottom of the fixed plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311198884.1A CN116953776B (en) | 2023-09-18 | 2023-09-18 | Advanced geological forecasting device for tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311198884.1A CN116953776B (en) | 2023-09-18 | 2023-09-18 | Advanced geological forecasting device for tunnel |
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| CN116953776A CN116953776A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
| CN116953776B true CN116953776B (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2012117902A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-06-21 | Taisei Corp | Ground survey device and ground survey method |
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