CN116950018A - Pile periphery scouring protection device capable of achieving bidirectional flow power generation - Google Patents
Pile periphery scouring protection device capable of achieving bidirectional flow power generation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 209
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
- E02B9/02—Water-ways
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
- E02B9/08—Tide or wave power plants
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/06—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against corrosion by soil or water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pile periphery scouring protection device taking bidirectional flow power generation into consideration. The pile is wrapped by smooth normal curved surfaces with opposite symmetry on both sides, water flow is guided to the outer side of the curved surfaces so as to avoid direct impact on the pile, downward flow of the windward side and Zhou Mati vortex of the pile are eliminated tangentially by the guide walls at the two ends, and local scouring of the periphery of the pile caused by downward flow, horseshoe vortex and longitudinal water flow increase is avoided by combining the anti-impact bottom plate. The tide is led into the runner to accelerate, the contraction panel further compresses the incoming flow to realize hydroelectric generation, and the tide energy utilization rate is improved. The spring door enables the water turbine to rotate in the same direction when in rising and falling tide, thereby effectively reducing energy loss and realizing more efficient and reliable bidirectional hydroelectric generation. The power generation system can provide renewable power sources for bridge floor illumination, signal lamps and ships. The invention organically combines the cross-sea bridge Liang Zhuangzhou with the peripheral scouring protection of the wind power foundation pile with the hydroelectric power generation, and has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of ocean engineering, hydraulic engineering, civil engineering and power generation engineering, and particularly relates to a pile periphery scouring protection device capable of achieving bidirectional flow power generation.
Background
Along with the continuous promotion of the construction of the ocean in China, the tidal power generation is getting more and more attention. Under the background of continuously improving the technology, the tidal power generation has wide application prospect. Tidal energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy source which does not consume fuel, is free from pollution, is not influenced by flood or dead water, and enables waves generated on the ocean surface to have kinetic energy and potential energy due to tidal fluctuation, the water level difference of the waves is represented as potential energy, and the speed of tide is represented as kinetic energy. The water flow in the tide rise and fall can generate electricity, and the electricity cannot be generated only in the tide fall. The tide resources in China are quite rich, the tide energy power generation is a development direction with wide prospect and immeasurable value, and has important significance for promoting the energy revolution in China and realizing the sustainable development goal.
Meanwhile, the cross-sea bridge is in a complex sea area environment, is easily subjected to combined action of typhoons, strong tide, waves and other disastrous marine environments, has a complex scouring mechanism, and cannot accurately predict local scouring depth. With the continuous development of bridge construction engineering, scour protection is an important link of future construction. The existing pier local scouring protection mainly depends on stone throwing protection, guard ring protection and the like, but has the defects of vortex enhancement, poor protection effect, high cost, large workload and the like. Particularly, under the action of extreme hydrodynamic force, strong vortex is formed around the riprap, so that the undercut effect on the bed surface is enhanced. Not only does this not protect, but may even act in the opposite way.
In conventional hydroelectric power generation, water flow can only flow in one direction, while bi-directional hydroelectric power generation can generate energy in both directions of water flow. The bidirectional hydroelectric generation technology has wide application prospect in the field of ocean energy. At present, the bidirectional hydroelectric generation technology has some technical challenges, namely, how to keep the generator to operate efficiently under different water flow directions and speeds, how to prevent the pier from being eroded and aggravated under extreme conditions, and the like. In order to overcome these problems, it is necessary to develop a technique combining pier protection with hydroelectric generation, so as to continuously improve the efficiency and reliability of tidal power generation, and realize large-scale development and efficient utilization of tidal power.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a pile periphery scouring protection device capable of achieving bidirectional flow power generation.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a stake week washout protection device that gives attention to bi-directional flow power generation, comprising: the device comprises a first smooth normal curved surface guide wall, a first vertical baffle wall, a first flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate, a first reducing semicircular cover plate, a first power generation device, a second smooth normal curved surface guide wall, a second vertical baffle wall, a second flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate, a second reducing semicircular cover plate and a second power generation device;
the pile periphery is wrapped and symmetrically distributed by the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall and the second smooth curved surface guide wall;
the outer side of the first smooth normal curved surface flow guide wall is a first vertical flow blocking wall, the bottom of the first smooth normal curved surface flow guide wall is a first flat plate type variable-diameter impact-resistant bottom plate, and the top of the first smooth normal curved surface flow guide wall is a first variable-diameter semicircular cover plate; the first reducing semicircular cover plate is respectively and smoothly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall and the first vertical baffle wall through 1/4 circular arcs; the first flat variable-diameter impact-resistant bottom plate is respectively and smoothly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall and the first vertical baffle wall; the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall, the first vertical baffle wall, the first flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate and the first reducing semicircular cover plate form a first smooth water flow channel; placing a first power generation device at the minimum cross section of the first smooth water flow channel;
the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall and the second smooth curved surface guide wall wrap the pile periphery and are symmetrically distributed; the outer side of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall is a second vertical baffle wall, the bottom of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall is a second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate, and the top of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall is a second reducing semicircular cover plate; the second reducing semicircular cover plate is respectively and smoothly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall and the second vertical baffle wall through 1/4 circular arcs; the second flat variable-diameter impact-resistant bottom plate is respectively and smoothly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall and the second vertical baffle wall; the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall, the second vertical baffle wall, the second flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate and the second reducing semicircular cover plate form a second smooth water flow channel; and placing a second power generation device at the minimum section of the second smooth water flow channel.
Further, the pile periphery is a pier pile periphery or a wind power foundation pile periphery.
Further, with the center of the pile periphery as the origin, the falling current direction as the x-axis forward direction, the water flow vertical to the horizontal plane as the y-axis, the pile Zhou Zhouxian upward as the z-axis forward direction, and z=0 as the unwashed seabed plane, thereby forming the width W (x) of any section of the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel:
wherein W is L For width of inlet cross-section, W L =w (x=l); sigma is normal curve variance; l is the distance from the inlet section to the smallest section; b is a normal curve amplification factor;
the b and sigma satisfy the following conditions:
wherein D is the diameter of the pile periphery; delta is the thickness of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall or the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall;
the water passing area of any section in the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel meets the following formula of A (x):
wherein H is the water depth;
the water passing area of the inlet section is as follows:
the water passing area of the minimum section is as follows:
further, the first power generation device includes: the first hydraulic turbine comprises a first rotating shaft, a first gear transmission system, a first hydraulic turbine, a first generator, a first contraction panel, a second contraction panel and a first supporting structure; the first rotating shaft is arranged in the first supporting structure, and the first gear transmission system is connected with the first rotating shaft; the upper end of the first gear transmission system is connected with the first generator, and the lower end of the first gear transmission system is connected with the first water turbine; the first water turbine comprises a first blade set; each blade in the first blade group is arc-shaped; the first shrinkage panel is vertical to the water cross section, one side of the first shrinkage panel is connected with one side of the first supporting structure, the other side of the first shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first vertical flow blocking wall, the upper end of the first shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first reducing semicircular cover plate, and the lower end of the first shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first flat reducing impact-resistant bottom plate; the second shrinkage panel is vertical to the water cross section, one side of the second shrinkage panel is connected with the other side of the first supporting structure, the other side of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall, the upper end of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first reducing semicircular cover plate, and the lower end of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate; a first spring door is arranged on the first contraction panel; a second spring door is arranged on the second contraction panel;
the second power generation device includes: the second hydraulic turbine comprises a second rotating shaft, a second gear transmission system, a second hydraulic turbine, a second generator, a third contraction panel, a fourth contraction panel and a second supporting structure; the second rotating shaft is arranged in the two supporting structures, and the second gear transmission system is connected with the second rotating shaft; the upper end of the second gear transmission system is connected with a second generator, and the lower end of the second gear transmission system is connected with a second water turbine; the second water turbine comprises a second blade set; each blade in the second blade group is arc-shaped; the third shrinkage panel is vertical to the water passing cross section, one side of the third shrinkage panel is connected with one side of the second supporting structure, the other side of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second vertical flow blocking wall, the upper end of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second reducing semicircular cover plate, and the lower end of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate; the fourth shrinkage panel is vertical to the water cross section, one side of the fourth shrinkage panel is connected with the other side of the second supporting structure, the other side of the fourth shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall, the upper end of the fourth shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second reducing semicircular cover plate, and the lower end of the fourth shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate; a third spring door is arranged on the third contraction panel; and a fourth spring door is arranged on the fourth contraction panel.
Further, the shortest distance between the first smooth normal curved surface flow guide wall and the first vertical flow baffle wall or the shortest distance between the second smooth normal curved surface flow guide wall and the second vertical flow baffle wall is n times of the diameter of the pile periphery, and n is more than or equal to 2.
Further, the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall is in tangent connection with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall, a tangent connection position at one end is a first smooth circular arc, and a tangent connection position at the other end is a second smooth circular arc; the thicknesses of the first smooth circular arc and the second smooth circular arc are the same and are smaller than 1/2 of the thickness of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall or the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall.
Further, the kinetic energy of the water flow per unit weight is set asThe unit weight water flow kinetic energy E at the minimum section of the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel max The method comprises the following steps: e (E) max ＝E L N 2 Wherein E is L The kinetic energy of water flow per unit weight at the inlet section of the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel is represented by N, the maximum water flow velocity v in the channel max With the flow velocity v of the water flow at the inlet cross section L Water flow area A of ratio or inlet section L And minimum water cross-sectional area A min The ratio of the components is that,
the A is min The method comprises the following steps: a is that min ＝αβA 0 Alpha is the transverse constriction coefficient of the first water turbine or the second water turbine,r is the diameter of the first water turbine or the second water turbine, and R is the overcurrent length of any blade in the first water turbine or the second water turbine; beta is the vertical constriction coefficient of the first or second turbine, +.>h is the water flow height impacting the first water turbine or the second water turbine.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) In the invention, smooth normal curved surface guide walls on the left side and the right side are symmetrically distributed, and smooth water flow channels are formed between the guide walls and the vertical baffle walls; the two opposite normal smooth curved surfaces on the two sides of the pile periphery are tangent to the thin walls of the two curved surfaces at a certain distance from the pile periphery, the tangential derivative is consistent with the incoming flow direction, scouring dominant factors such as the downflow and the Zhou Mati vortex of the pile can be eliminated, and the seabed scouring caused by the dominant factors and the increase of the longitudinal water flow is eliminated by combining the reducing anti-scour bottom plate, so that the effect of protecting the pile periphery from local scouring is achieved;
(2) A smooth water flow channel is formed between the vertical flow blocking wall and the smooth normal curved surface flow guiding wall, and the random order smooth characteristic of the normal curved surface can reduce the water flow resistance in the channel, thereby reducing the energy loss; the fluctuation tide energy for flushing the seabed is used for bidirectional power generation to generate clean and renewable energy, and has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, energy conservation, safety and the like;
(3) The spring door in the contraction panel controls the water flow to pass through in one direction, so that the water turbine keeps rotating in the same direction when the tide is fluctuated, and the tide energy utilization rate is improved;
(4) The first water turbine and the second water turbine are symmetrically arranged, the moment is outward when the water turbine rotates, the transverse net moment of the pile periphery is close to zero, and the transverse stress of water flow on the pile periphery and the torque of the rotating shaft are greatly reduced;
(5) The invention can be directly used for bridge deck illumination and signal lamps at the upstream and downstream of the bridge pier, or can be used for charging energy storage equipment for ships, thereby reducing environmental pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a forward perspective view of a pile periphery scour protection apparatus for bi-directional flow power generation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reverse perspective structure of a pile periphery scour protection apparatus for bi-directional flow power generation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first smooth normal-curved guide wall and a second smooth normal-curved guide wall;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a first smooth normal-curved guide wall and a second smooth normal-curved guide wall;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the first power generation device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second power generation device;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a pile periphery scour protection apparatus for bi-directional flow power generation in tide rise;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a stake peripheral flush guard while taking into account bi-directional flow power generation;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the sprung door, wherein fig. 9 (a) is a schematic structural view of the sprung door when closed, and fig. 9 (b) is a schematic structural view of the sprung door when open;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a first blade set or a second blade set;
in the figure, 1-a first smooth normal curved guide wall; 2-a first upright baffle wall; 3-a first flat reducing anti-impact bottom plate; 4-a first reducing semicircular cover plate; 5-a first power generation device; 6-a second smooth normal curved surface guide wall; 7-a second vertical baffle wall; 8-a second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate; 9-a second reducing semicircular cover plate; 10-a second power generation device; 11-pile weeks; 12-a first smooth arc; 13-a second smooth arc; 14-a fixed end; 15-a transmission; 16-a return spring; 17-locking; 18-rotating shaft; 19-a drive wheel; 501-a first rotating shaft; 502-a first blade set; 503—a first gear system; 504-first water turbine; 505-a first generator; 506-a first shrink panel; 507-a second shrink panel; 508-a first spring gate; 509-a second spring gate; 510-a first support structure; 1001-a second rotating shaft; 1002-a second blade set; 1003-a second gear system; 1004-a second water turbine; 1005-a second generator; 1006-a third shrink panel; 1007-fourth shrink panel; 1008-a third spring gate; 1009-fourth spring gate; 1010-a second support structure.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being understood that the specific examples described herein are for the purpose of illustrating the present invention only, and not all the examples. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present invention.
The pile periphery scour protection device for bi-directional flow power generation integrates the functions of scour prevention and power generation of the pier periphery or the wind power foundation pile periphery, and has wide application prospect and remarkable economic benefit.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the pile periphery scour protection device for bi-directional flow power generation provided by the invention comprises: the device comprises a first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1, a first vertical baffle wall 2, a first flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate 3, a first reducing semicircular cover plate 4, a first power generation device 5, a second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6, a second vertical baffle wall 7, a second flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate 8, a second reducing semicircular cover plate 9 and a second power generation device 10.
The pile periphery 11 is wrapped and symmetrically distributed by the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1 and the second smooth curved surface guide wall.
The outer side of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1 is provided with a first vertical baffle wall 2, the bottom of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall is provided with a first flat-type reducing impact-resistant bottom plate 3, and the top of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall is provided with a first reducing semicircular cover plate 4; the first reducing semicircular cover plate 4 is respectively and smoothly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1 and the first vertical baffle wall 2 through 1/4 circular arcs; the first flat variable-diameter impact-resistant bottom plate 3 is respectively and smoothly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1 and the first vertical baffle wall 2; the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1, the first vertical baffle wall 2, the first flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate 3 and the first reducing semicircular cover plate 4 form a first smooth water flow channel; the first power generation device 5 is placed at the smallest cross section of the first smooth water flow path.
The second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6 and the second smooth curved surface guide wall wrap the pile periphery 11 and are symmetrically distributed; the outer side of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6 is provided with a second vertical baffle wall 7, the bottom of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall is provided with a second plate type reducing impact-resistant bottom plate 8, and the top of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall is provided with a second reducing semicircular cover plate 9; the second reducing semicircular cover plate 9 is respectively and smoothly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6 and the second vertical baffle wall 7 through 1/4 circular arcs; the second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate 8 is respectively and smoothly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6 and the second vertical baffle wall 7; the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6, the second vertical baffle wall 7, the second plate type reducing impact-resistant bottom plate 8 and the second reducing semicircular cover plate 9 form a second smooth water flow channel; the second power generation device 10 is placed at the smallest cross section of the second smooth water flow path.
The fluctuating tide is led into the first smooth water flow channel and the second smooth water flow channel to eliminate the descending water flow, weaken the scouring leading factors such as horseshoe vortex around the pile, eliminate the seabed scouring effect caused by the leading factors and the longitudinal water flow increase, and prevent the local scouring around the pile.
The pile periphery 11 is a pier pile periphery or a wind power foundation pile periphery.
Taking the center of the pile periphery 11 as an origin, taking the falling current direction as the positive direction of the x axis, taking the water flow vertical to the horizontal plane as the positive direction of the y axis, taking the pile Zhou Zhouxian upward as the positive direction of the z axis, wherein z=0 is the unetched seabed plane, so that the width W (x) of any section of the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel is formed:
wherein W is L For width of inlet cross-section, W L =w (x=l); sigma is normal curve variance; l is the distance from the inlet section to the smallest section; b is the normal curve amplification factor.
The b and sigma satisfy the following conditions:
wherein D is the diameter of the pile periphery 11; the delta is the thickness of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall or the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall, and can be 10cm.
The water passing area of any section in the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel meets the following formula of A (x):
wherein H is the water depth.
The water passing area of the inlet section is as follows:
the water passing area of the minimum section is as follows:
example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the first power generation device 5 includes: a first rotating shaft 501, a first gear system 503, a first hydraulic turbine 504, a first generator 505, a first shrink panel 506, a second shrink panel 507, and a first support structure 510; the first rotating shaft 501 is arranged inside the first supporting structure 510, and the first gear transmission system 503 is connected with the first rotating shaft 501; the upper end of the first gear system 503 is connected with a first generator 505, and the lower end is connected with a first water turbine 504; the first turbine 504 includes a first blade set 502; each blade in the first blade set 502 is arc-shaped; the first contraction panel 506 is perpendicular to the water cross section, one side of the first contraction panel is connected with one side of the first supporting structure 510, the other side of the first contraction panel is fixedly connected with the first vertical baffle wall 2, the upper end of the first contraction panel is fixedly connected with the first reducing semicircular cover plate 4, and the lower end of the first contraction panel is fixedly connected with the first flat-plate-type reducing anti-impact bottom plate 3; the second shrinkage panel 507 is perpendicular to the water cross section, one side of the second shrinkage panel is connected with the other side of the first support structure 510, the other side of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1, the upper end of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first reducing semicircular cover plate 4, and the lower end of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate 3; a first spring gate 508 is disposed on the first shrink panel 506; a second spring gate 509 is provided on the second shrink panel 507.
The second power generation device 10 includes: a second shaft 1001, a second gear system 1003, a second hydraulic turbine 1004, a second generator 1005, a third shrink panel 1006, a fourth shrink panel 1007, and a second support structure 1010; the second rotating shaft 1001 is disposed inside the two supporting structures 1010, and the second gear transmission system 1003 is connected to the second rotating shaft 1001; the upper end of the second gear transmission system 1003 is connected with a second generator 1005, and the lower end of the second gear transmission system is connected with a second water turbine 1004; the second turbine 1004 includes a second blade set 1002; each blade in the second blade set 1002 is arc-shaped; the third shrinkage panel 1006 is perpendicular to the water cross section, one side of the third shrinkage panel is connected with one side of the second support structure 1010, the other side of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second vertical baffle wall 7, the upper end of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second reducing semicircular cover plate 9, and the lower end of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate 8; the fourth contraction panel 1007 is perpendicular to the water cross section, one side of the fourth contraction panel is connected with the other side of the second support structure 1010, the other side of the fourth contraction panel is fixedly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6, the upper end of the fourth contraction panel is fixedly connected with the second reducing semicircular cover plate 9, and the lower end of the fourth contraction panel is fixedly connected with the second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate 8; a third spring gate 1008 is disposed on the third shrink panel 1006; a fourth spring gate 1009 is provided on the fourth shrink panel 1007.
The shortest distance between the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1 and the first vertical baffle wall 2 or the shortest distance between the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6 and the second vertical baffle wall 7 is n times of the diameter of the pile periphery 11, and n is more than or equal to 2.
The first smooth normal curved surface guide wall 1 is tangentially connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall 6 at a certain distance from the pile periphery 11, one tangential connection position is a first smooth circular arc 12, and the tangential connection position at the other end is a second smooth circular arc 13; the thicknesses of the first smooth circular arc 12 and the second smooth circular arc 13 are the same and are smaller than 1/2 of the thickness delta of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall or the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall. Will have a width of 2W L The rising tide or falling tide of the pile is alternately led into the first smooth water flow channel and the second smooth water flow channel, so that the ratio of the facing flow area of the front end of the smooth normal curved surface guide wall to the facing flow area of the pile periphery is smaller than delta/D, and the phenomenon that the pile periphery is locally eroded due to the falling stream and the horseshoe vortex is avoided. And meanwhile, the energy of water entering the first smooth water flow channel and the second smooth water flow channel is used for generating electricity and does not scour the seabed. The tangential derivative coincides with the direction of the incoming flow to eliminate downflow and horseshoe vortices. The random order smoothness characteristic of the normal curved surface can reduce the water flow resistance in the flow channel, thereby reducing the energy loss.
Let the kinetic energy of the water flow per unit weight beThe unit weight water flow kinetic energy E at the minimum section of the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel max The method comprises the following steps: e (E) max ＝E L N 2 Wherein E is L Is a first smooth water flow channel or a second smooth water flow channelThe kinetic energy of water flow per unit weight at the inlet section of the channel, N is the maximum water flow velocity v in the channel max With the flow velocity v of the water flow at the inlet cross section L Water flow area A of ratio or inlet section L And minimum water cross-sectional area A min Ratio of->
The A is min The method comprises the following steps: a is that min ＝αβA 0 Alpha is the lateral constriction coefficient of first water turbine 504 or second water turbine 1004,r is the diameter of the first water turbine 504 or the second water turbine 1004, and R is the overcurrent length of any one blade of the first water turbine 504 or the second water turbine 1004; beta is the vertical constriction coefficient of the first water turbine 504 or the second water turbine 1004, +.>h is the height of the water flow impinging first water turbine 504 or second water turbine 1004.
Working principle: the rotation of the first water turbine 504 and the second water turbine 1004 is mainly based on the moment generated by the pressure difference between the concave and convex surfaces of the blades.
As shown in fig. 7, when the tide is raised, the water flows into one end of the first smooth water flow channel from right to left, the second spring gate 509 is automatically closed by the water flow from right to left, and at this time, the second contraction panel 507 completely blocks the water flow, so that the water flow flows to the first contraction panel 506 through the first water turbine 504, and the first spring gate 508 is automatically opened by the water flow from right to left, and the water flow flows to the other end of the first smooth water flow channel from right to left through the first spring gate 508. At this time, the upstream side of the first water turbine 504 is a concave semicircular blade, and the pressure received by the inside of the concave semicircular blade is relatively high, so that the blade is driven to rotate, and the first water turbine 504 is driven to rotate clockwise, so that the first generator 505 is driven to generate electricity through the first gear transmission system 503.
At the time of tide rise, water flows into one end of the second smooth water flow channel from right to left, the fourth spring gate 1009 is automatically closed by water flow from right to left, at this time, the fourth contraction panel 1007 completely blocks water flow, so that water flows to the third contraction panel 1006 through the second water turbine 1004, and the third spring gate 1008 is automatically opened by water flow from right to left, so that water flows to the other end of the second smooth water flow channel from right to left through the third spring gate 1008. At this time, the upstream side of the second water turbine 1004 is a concave semicircular blade, and the pressure received by the inside of the concave semicircular blade is high, so that the blade is driven to rotate, and the second water turbine 1004 is driven to rotate anticlockwise, so that the second generator 1005 is driven to generate electricity through the second gear transmission system 1003.
As shown in fig. 8, when the tide is dropped, the water flows into one end of the first smooth water flow channel from left to right, the first spring door 508 is automatically closed by the water flow from left to right, at this time, the first contraction panel 506 completely blocks the water flow, so that the water flows to the second contraction panel 507 through the first water turbine 504, and the second spring door 509 is automatically opened from left to right, so that the water flows to the other end of the first smooth water flow channel from left to right through the second spring door 509. At this time, the upstream side of the first water turbine 504 is also provided with concave semicircular blades, so that the first water turbine 504 rotates clockwise, and the first generator 505 is driven to generate electricity by the first gear system 503.
When the tide falls, water flows into one end of the second smooth water flow channel from left to right, the third spring gate 1008 is automatically closed by water flow from left to right, at this time, the third contraction panel 1006 completely blocks water flow, so that water flows to the fourth contraction panel 1007 through the second water turbine 1004, the fourth spring gate 1009 is automatically opened by water flow from left to right, and water flows to the other end of the second smooth water flow channel from left to right through the fourth spring gate 1009. At this time, the upstream side of the second water turbine 1004 is a concave semicircular blade, so that the second water turbine 1004 rotates anticlockwise, and the second generator 1005 is driven to generate electricity by the second gear transmission system 1003.
The spring door is utilized to control the water flow direction, the spring door ensures the water flow to pass through unidirectionally based on the principle of a unidirectional check valve, and the rotating shaft is driven by the upstream-downstream fluid pressure difference to move the lock catch 23 in one direction so as to open the valve; when the fluid pressure differential is reversed, the return spring elastically deforms to automatically lock the spring gate to prevent water from flowing in the opposite direction.
As shown in fig. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the spring door includes a detent device and an arc valve, the detent device including a locking groove and a locking member that cooperate with each other, and a driving device. The locking member comprises a catch 17, a fixed end 14, a transmission 15 and a return spring 16. The driving device comprises a rotating shaft 18 and a driving wheel 19, the rotating shaft 18 is controlled by a hydraulic sensor, the rotating shaft can be triggered to rotate when the water level reaches a certain height in the tide rise, the driving device 15 is driven to be narrowed, so that the spring door is unlocked, and the spring door can be locked and the water is prevented from flowing back due to structural pressure and a clamping device in the tide fall. The elastic ring buffer layer is arranged in the clamping device, so that the resistance is reduced, the combination is tight, the test strength is ensured, and the installation purpose is achieved. The rotation direction of the first water turbine 504 is clockwise and the rotation direction of the second water turbine 1004 is anticlockwise, so that the same rotation direction is kept, and the tidal current energy utilization rate is improved. A schematic structure of the spring door when closed is shown in fig. 9 (a), and a schematic structure of the spring door when open is shown in fig. 9 (b).
As shown in fig. 10, the number of blades of the first blade set 502 or the second blade set 1002 may be 8-10, the pressure distribution on both sides is more uniform, the water flow around the blades is more uniform, cavitation is not easy to generate, and stable torque and high efficiency are easy to obtain.
The impact of water flow on the rotating shaft is avoided, and the rotating shafts with different radiuses can be adopted to improve the transmission efficiency. The gear transmission system adopts a high-efficiency cylindrical gear, and the main wheel and the driven wheel are meshed with each other with high precision to improve the power generation efficiency. The proper gear ratio is designed, and the ratio can be determined according to the kinetic energy of water flow and the output power of the generator.
The generator needs to select proper power and rotating speed according to actual needs so as to ensure stable output of electric energy. Meanwhile, better corrosion resistance and durability are required, so as to ensure long-term stable power generation output.
In the implementation process, the power generation device can be adjusted and optimized according to the needs so as to improve the energy utilization efficiency. Meanwhile, the bidirectional hydroelectric generating set is better in corrosion resistance and durability, so that long-term stable power generation output is ensured. For the installation of the base, the power generation device and the power storage device can be installed, and the power generation system can be connected with equipment such as a marine ship for use.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the foregoing description is a preferred embodiment of the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, but rather to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described, and that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, for the purposes of those skilled in the art. Modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A pile periphery scour protection device taking into account bi-directional flow power generation is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1), a first vertical baffle wall (2), a first flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate (3) and a first reducing semicircular cover plate (4), a first power generation device (5), a second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6), a second vertical baffle wall (7), a second flat-plate reducing impact-resistant bottom plate (8), a second reducing semicircular cover plate (9) and a second power generation device (10);
the pile circumferences (11) are wrapped and symmetrically distributed by the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1) and the second smooth curved surface guide wall;
the outer side of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1) is provided with a first vertical baffle wall (2), the bottom of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall is provided with a first flat-plate reducing anti-impact bottom plate (3), and the top of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall is provided with a first reducing semicircular cover plate (4); the first reducing semicircular cover plate (4) is respectively and smoothly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1) and the first vertical baffle wall (2) through 1/4 circular arcs; the first flat-plate reducing anti-impact bottom plate (3) is respectively and smoothly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1) and the first vertical baffle wall (2); the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1), the first vertical baffle wall (2), the first flat plate type variable-diameter impact-resistant bottom plate (3) and the first variable-diameter semicircular cover plate (4) form a first smooth water flow channel; placing a first power generation device (5) at the smallest cross section of the first smooth water flow channel;
the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6) and the second smooth curved surface guide wall wrap the pile periphery (11) and are symmetrically distributed; the outer side of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6) is provided with a second vertical baffle wall (7), the bottom of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall is provided with a second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate (8), and the top of the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall is provided with a second reducing semicircular cover plate (9); the second reducing semicircular cover plate (9) is respectively and smoothly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6) and the second vertical baffle wall (7) through 1/4 circular arcs; the second flat variable-diameter impact-resistant bottom plate (8) is respectively and smoothly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6) and the second vertical guide wall (7); the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6), the second vertical baffle wall (7), the second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate (8) and the second reducing semicircular cover plate (9) form a second smooth water flow channel; a second power generation device (10) is placed at the smallest cross section of the second smooth water flow path.
2. The pile periphery flushing protection device for bi-directional flow power generation according to claim 1, wherein the pile periphery (11) is a pier pile periphery or a wind power foundation pile periphery.
3. The pile periphery flushing protection device for bi-directional flow power generation according to claim 1, wherein the center of a pile periphery (11) is used as an origin, the falling current direction is used as the positive direction of an x-axis, the direction perpendicular to water flow in a horizontal plane is used as the positive direction of a z-axis, a pile Zhou Zhouxian is upwards used as the positive direction of a z-axis, and z=0 is the sea bed plane which is not flushed, so that the width W (x) of any section of the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel is formed:
wherein W is L For width of inlet cross-section, W L =w (x=l); sigma is normal curve variance; l is the distance from the inlet section to the smallest section; b is a normal curve amplification factor;
the b and sigma satisfy the following conditions:
wherein D is the diameter of the pile periphery (11); delta is the thickness of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1) or the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6);
the water passing area of any section in the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel meets the following formula of A (x):
wherein H is the water depth;
the water passing area of the inlet section is as follows:
the water passing area of the minimum section is as follows:
4. a pile perimeter scour protection apparatus for bi-directional flow power generation according to claim 1, wherein the first power generation apparatus (5) comprises: a first rotating shaft (501), a first gear system (503), a first water turbine (504), a first generator (505), a first shrink panel (506), a second shrink panel (507) and a first support structure (510); the first rotating shaft (501) is arranged inside a first supporting structure (510), and the first gear transmission system (503) is connected with the first rotating shaft (501); the upper end of the first gear transmission system (503) is connected with a first generator (505), and the lower end of the first gear transmission system is connected with a first water turbine (504); the first water turbine (504) comprises a first blade set (502); each blade in the first blade group (502) is arc-shaped; the first shrinkage panel (506) is perpendicular to the water cross section, one side of the first shrinkage panel is connected with one side of the first supporting structure (510), the other side of the first shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first vertical baffle wall (2), the upper end of the first shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first reducing semicircular cover plate (4), and the lower end of the first shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first flat plate reducing anti-impact bottom plate (3); the second shrinkage panel (507) is perpendicular to the water cross section, one side of the second shrinkage panel is connected with the other side of the first supporting structure (510), the other side of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1), the upper end of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first reducing semicircular cover plate (4), and the lower end of the second shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the first flat reducing anti-impact bottom plate (3); a first spring gate (508) is arranged on the first contraction panel (506); a second spring door (509) is arranged on the second contraction panel (507);
the second power generation device (10) includes: a second rotating shaft (1001), a second gear transmission system (1003), a second water turbine (1004), a second generator (1005), a third shrink panel (1006), a fourth shrink panel (1007), and a second support structure (1010); the second rotating shaft (1001) is arranged inside the two supporting structures (1010), and the second gear transmission system (1003) is connected with the second rotating shaft (1001); the upper end of the second gear transmission system (1003) is connected with a second generator (1005), and the lower end of the second gear transmission system is connected with a second water turbine (1004); the second water turbine (1004) comprises a second blade set (1002); each blade in the second blade group (1002) is arc-shaped; the third shrinkage panel (1006) is perpendicular to the water cross section, one side of the third shrinkage panel is connected with one side of the second supporting structure (1010), the other side of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second vertical baffle wall (7), the upper end of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second reducing semicircular cover plate (9), and the lower end of the third shrinkage panel is fixedly connected with the second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate (8); the fourth contraction panel (1007) is perpendicular to the water cross section, one side of the fourth contraction panel is connected with the other side of the second supporting structure (1010), the other side of the fourth contraction panel is fixedly connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6), the upper end of the fourth contraction panel is fixedly connected with the second reducing semicircular cover plate (9), and the lower end of the fourth contraction panel is fixedly connected with the second plate type reducing anti-impact bottom plate (8); a third spring door (1008) is arranged on the third contraction panel (1006); a fourth spring door (1009) is arranged on the fourth contraction panel (1007).
5. The pile periphery scouring protection device for bi-directional flow power generation according to claim 4, wherein the shortest distance between the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1) and the first vertical baffle wall (2) or the shortest distance between the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6) and the second vertical baffle wall (7) is n times of the diameter of the pile periphery (11), and n is more than or equal to 2.
6. The pile periphery scouring protection device taking account of bidirectional flow power generation as recited in claim 5 is characterized in that the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall (1) is tangentially connected with the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall (6), one tangential connection point is a first smooth circular arc (12), and the tangential connection point of the other end is a second smooth circular arc (13); the thicknesses of the first smooth circular arc (12) and the second smooth circular arc (13) are the same, and are smaller than 1/2 of the thickness of the first smooth normal curved surface guide wall or the second smooth normal curved surface guide wall.
7. The pile periphery scour protection apparatus for bi-directional flow power generation according to claim 6, wherein the kinetic energy of water flow per unit weight isThe unit weight water flow kinetic energy E at the minimum section of the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel max The method comprises the following steps: e (E) max ＝E L N 2 Wherein E is L The kinetic energy of water flow per unit weight at the inlet section of the first smooth water flow channel or the second smooth water flow channel is represented by N, the maximum water flow velocity v in the channel max With the flow velocity v of the water flow at the inlet cross section L Water flow area A of ratio or inlet section L And minimum water cross-sectional area A min Ratio of->
The A is min The method comprises the following steps: a is that min ＝αβA 0 Alpha is the transverse constriction coefficient of the first water turbine (504) or the second water turbine (1004),r is the diameter of the first water turbine (504) or the second water turbine (1004), and R is the overcurrent length of any blade of the first water turbine (504) or the second water turbine (1004); beta is the vertical constriction coefficient of the first (504) or second (1004) hydraulic turbine, < >>h is the water flow height impacting the first (504) or second (1004) hydraulic turbine.
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| KR20120032642A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-06 | 함태완 | A wave power apparatus |
| CN202148973U (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-02-22 | 大连理工大学 | Generating set of vertical shaft tidal current turbine with telescopic arm length |
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