CN116948734A - Bio-based capacitor insulating oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bio-based capacitor insulating oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116948734A CN116948734A CN202310912289.3A CN202310912289A CN116948734A CN 116948734 A CN116948734 A CN 116948734A CN 202310912289 A CN202310912289 A CN 202310912289A CN 116948734 A CN116948734 A CN 116948734A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000221089 Jatropha Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019774 Rice Bran oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008165 rice bran oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019508 mustard seed Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000828 canola oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019519 canola oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009874 alkali refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- XCPFSALHURPPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 XCPFSALHURPPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGQUHMXHLSTYIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylbutan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 SGQUHMXHLSTYIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010058667 Oral toxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000418 oral toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
- C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of insulating oil, and relates to a bio-based capacitor insulating oil and a preparation method thereof. The preparation raw materials of the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention comprise: non-edible vegetable oil, antioxidant, pour point depressant, and modified fat-soluble dietary fiber. The invention verifies that jatropha oil, mustard seed oil and rice bran oil can be used as non-edible oil for capacitor insulating oil, and the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention is nontoxic through an opening, can be completely biodegraded, has a biodegradation rate of 98% in 21 days, has higher flash point and ignition point, has higher safety compared with the existing capacitor insulating oil, and belongs to environment-friendly capacitor insulating oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insulating oil, and relates to capacitor insulating oil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The capacitor medium consists of insulating oil and a film, and the insulating oil not only plays an insulating role in cooperation with the film, but also has the cooling and heat dissipation roles in the operation process. The insulating oils used in the current capacitor mainly include benzyl toluene (M/DBT), diaryl ethane (PXE), phenyl Ethyl Phenyl Ethane (PEPE), etc. The insulating oil has the advantages of excellent insulating performance and low-temperature performance, but is a chemical product, and has the disadvantages of certain toxicity, poor environmental protection performance, incapability of being completely degraded and the like.
The insulating oil preparation raw materials for the capacitor comprise capacitor insulating oil of edible vegetable oil, for example, CN113881481A natural ester insulating liquid preparation raw materials comprise: 96.0 to 99.0 percent of soybean oil, 0.4 to 2.5 percent of antioxidant, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of pour point depressant and 0.1 to 1.0 percent of auxiliary agent; the antioxidant consists of tocopherol, sterol, antioxidant T501 and citric acid. Therefore, in the production process of the capacitor insulating oil, the raw materials account for more than 60% of the total cost, and how to obtain the raw oil which is supplied in a large scale, is cheap and can be used as energy source is a key problem which must be solved in the industrialization of the capacitor insulating oil; the influence of trade environment is received, and the grain price is erratic, and edible vegetable oil's market concussion fluctuation is violent, and the price rises and falls mutually, is unfavorable for the scale production of condenser insulating oil.
The insulating oil commonly used in the current market capacitor is a mineral insulating oil product, has certain toxicity, has poor environmental protection performance and cannot be completely degraded; edible vegetable oil is also used for preparing the capacitor insulating oil, but the raw materials for preparation generally contain toxic or nondegradable components, and the edible vegetable oil has large price fluctuation and is difficult to realize the large-scale production of the capacitor insulating oil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide non-toxic and easily-degradable capacitor insulating oil which adopts non-edible vegetable oil as a raw material, has simple preparation raw material and stable price, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Based on the above objects, the present invention provides a capacitor insulating oil and a method for preparing the same to meet such a need in the art.
In one aspect, the invention relates to a capacitor insulating oil, which is prepared from the following raw materials: non-edible vegetable oil, antioxidant, pour point depressant; the addition amount of the antioxidant in the capacitor insulating oil is 0.1-2% by mass; the addition amount of the pour point depressant in the capacitor insulating oil is 0.1-2%; the non-edible vegetable oil is selected from any one of jatropha oil, mustard seed oil and rice bran oil; the antioxidant is selected from one or two of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl propionate and 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl stearyl propionate; the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate.
Further, in the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention, the preparation raw materials further comprise: modified fat-soluble dietary fiber; the addition amount of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber in the capacitor insulating oil is 0.1-2% in terms of mass ratio; the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is fat-soluble dietary fiber after microwave oxidation.
Further, in the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention, the preparation method of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber comprises the following steps: mixing dietary fiber with 4-6 w% hydrogen peroxide, and carrying out 500-1000W microwave for 2-5 min.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for preparing the above capacitor insulating oil, comprising: and (3) decoloring, deacidifying and washing the non-edible vegetable oil to obtain base oil, and finally adding an additive to prepare the finished oil.
Further, in the preparation method of the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention, the preparation of the finished oil comprises the following steps: and weighing the base oil, the antioxidant and the pour point depressant according to a proportion, heating to 75+/-5 ℃ under vacuum condition, stirring and reacting for 3 hours, and filtering by using a filtering device with a 0.45 mu m pore-size filter membrane to obtain the capacitor insulating oil.
Further, in the preparation method of the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention, the decoloring comprises the following steps: heating the non-edible vegetable oil to 80+/-5 ℃, adding a solid adsorbent accounting for 1.5-5.0% of the weight of the non-edible vegetable oil, maintaining a vacuum state, stirring, adsorbing and decoloring for 1-1.5 h, and filtering by using a filter membrane with a pore diameter of 1 mu m to remove solid matters in the oil.
Further, in the preparation method of the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention, the deacidification comprises the following steps: heating decolored non-edible vegetable oil to 55+/-5 ℃, adding potassium hydroxide solution at the same temperature as the decolored non-edible vegetable oil at the flow rate of 3mL/min under the stirring condition, continuously stirring and reacting for 3 hours, centrifuging to perform oil-water separation, and removing the lower aqueous solution; the dosage of the potassium hydroxide solution is 25% of the volume of the decolored non-edible vegetable oil, and the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution is 10 times of theoretical alkali quantity for neutralizing acidic substances in the decolored non-edible vegetable oil.
Further, in the preparation method of the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention, the water washing comprises the following steps: and heating the decolored and deacidified non-edible vegetable oil to 85+/-5 ℃, adding 25% deionized water with the same temperature, reacting for 2 hours under the stirring condition, centrifuging, separating oil from water, and removing a lower aqueous solution to obtain the base oil.
Further, in the preparation method of the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention, the preparation of the finished oil comprises the following steps: weighing the base oil, the antioxidant, the pour point depressant and the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber according to a proportion; the addition amount of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is 0.1-2% in terms of mass ratio; the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is dietary fiber after microwave oxidation.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to a capacitor dielectric comprising the capacitor insulating oil described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages.
The capacitor insulating oil is derived from plants, the additive is nontoxic, oral is nontoxic (LD 50 is more than 5000 mg/kg), can be completely biodegraded, has a biodegradation rate of 98% in 21 days, has higher flash point and ignition point, has higher safety compared with the existing capacitor insulating oil, and belongs to environment-friendly capacitor insulating oil. Compared with the current environment-friendly insulating oil, the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention has better oxidation resistance. The invention adopts non-edible oil, and the popularization and the use of the edible oil are not affected due to the shortage of the edible oil. When the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention is prepared from the non-edible vegetable oil and the antioxidant, the capacitor insulating oil can meet the use requirements of the capacitor insulating oil, but has poorer relative oxidation resistance, acid value, kinematic viscosity and pour point, so that the pour point depressant and the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber are further added into the preparation raw materials. Experiments show that when the capacitor insulating oil is prepared, the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is added, the properties of oxidation resistance, kinematic viscosity and pour point, particularly the acid value and the kinematic viscosity after an oxidation stability test can be effectively improved, but when the addition amount is too large, other properties can be influenced.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly demonstrate the advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description is presented with reference to the accompanying examples, but the present invention is in no way limited thereto. The experimental methods used in the examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. Materials, reagents and the like used in the examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
This example provides a process for preparing a capacitor insulating oil.
(1) Decoloring: and (3) injecting a certain amount of oil sample into a decoloring reaction tank, heating to 80+/-5 ℃, adding solid adsorbent (carclazyte, silica gel or active carbon) accounting for 1.5-5.0% of the weight of the oil, maintaining the reaction tank in a vacuum state, stirring and adsorbing for decoloring for 1-1.5 h, filtering the reactant while hot by using a filtering device with a 1-mu m pore-size filter membrane, removing impurities in the oil, solid substances such as the adsorbent and the like, thus obtaining the decolored oil sample, and testing the acid value of the oil sample according to GB 5009.229-2016.
(2) Deacidifying: and (3) pouring the decolorized oil sample into an alkali refining tank, heating to 55+/-5 ℃, adding a potassium hydroxide solution (the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution is 10 times of the theoretical alkali amount of acidic substances in the neutralized oil) with the same temperature as the oil sample at the flow rate of 3mL/min under stirring, continuing stirring for reaction for 3 hours after the potassium hydroxide solution is added, transferring the reaction mixture into a centrifuge tube for oil-water separation, and removing the lower aqueous solution to obtain the oil sample after alkali refining.
(3) Washing: transferring the alkali refined oil sample into a reaction tank, heating to 85+/-5 ℃, adding deionized water with the volume of 25% of the oil at the same temperature as the oil sample, reacting for 2 hours under the stirring condition, transferring the reaction mixture into a centrifuge tube for oil-water separation, and removing the lower aqueous solution to obtain the base oil.
(4) Preparing finished oil: weighing additives (antioxidant, pour point depressant and/or modified fat-soluble dietary fiber) according to a proportion, adding the additives and base oil into a reaction tank, heating to 75+/-5 ℃ under vacuum, stirring and reacting for 3 hours, and filtering by using a filter device with a 0.45 mu m pore size filter membrane to obtain the capacitor insulating oil.
According to the embodiment, multiple experiments prove that the capacitor insulating oil prepared by the method has no obvious difference in performance when the types of oil samples and additives are consistent.
Example 2
This example provides a comparative test of the performance of the capacitor insulating oil made according to the present invention.
The testing method comprises the following steps:
breakdown voltage: GB/T507; dielectric loss tangent, relative permittivity: GB/T5654; relative density: ASTM D1298; acid value: IEC 62021-3; kinematic viscosity: GB/T265; flash point (closed): GB/T261; ignition point: GB/T3536; pour point: GB/T3535; gassing: GB/T11142; oral toxicity: GB/T21757; biodegradation rate for 28 days: OECD 301F; chromaticity: GB/T6540; oxidation stability: reference is made to NB/SH/T0811. The lower the acid value, dielectric loss factor and kinematic viscosity increment after the reaction, the better the oxidation resistance.
Test grouping:
1#:98.5w% canola oil +1w%3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl propionate +0.5w% polymethacrylate; 2#: the insulating oil PXE is imported for the commercially available japan, which is widely used. The preparation is described in example 1.
The test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: results of Performance comparison test
As can be seen from Table 1, the capacitor insulating oil provided by the invention has higher flash point and ignition point when prepared from non-edible vegetable oil and antioxidant, and has higher safety compared with the existing capacitor insulating oil, but has poorer acid value, kinematic viscosity and pour point.
Example 3
This example provides a comparative test of the performance of the capacitor insulating oil made according to the present invention.
The test method was the same as in example 2.
The dietary fiber used in this example was purchased from Shenzhen Yinuo food Co.
Test grouping:
3#:97.5w% canola oil +0.5w% polymethacrylate +1w%3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl propionate +1w% modified fat-soluble dietary fibre; the preparation method of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber comprises mixing oat dietary fiber with 4W% hydrogen peroxide, and performing 500W microwave for 2min.
4#:99.4w% jatropha oil +0.1w%3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl propionate +0.5w% polymethacrylate;
5#:98w% rice bran oil +1w% stearyl 4-hydroxyphenyl propionate +1w%3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl propionate;
6#:97.5w% canola oil +1w%3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl propionate +0.5w% polymethacrylate +1w% oat fat-soluble dietary fibre;
7#:98.4w% jatropha oil +1w%3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl propionate +0.5w% polymethacrylate +0.1w% modified fat-soluble dietary fiber; the preparation method of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber comprises mixing wheat dietary fiber with 5w% hydrogen peroxide, and microwave-treating with 800W for 3min;
8#:95.9w% jatropha oil +0.1w% stearyl 4-hydroxyphenyl propionate +2w% polymethacrylate +2w% modified fat-soluble dietary fiber; the preparation method of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber comprises mixing wheat dietary fiber with 6w% hydrogen peroxide, and performing 1000W microwave for 5min;
9#:96.4w% of canola oil +0.5w% of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl propionate +0.1% of polymethacrylate +3w% of modified fat-soluble dietary fiber; the preparation method of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber comprises mixing oat dietary fiber with 5W% hydrogen peroxide, and microwave-treating with 800W for 3min.
The test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: test results of Performance test
As can be seen from table 2, in the preparation process of the non-edible vegetable oil and the antioxidant, a certain amount of modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is added in the embodiment, which can effectively improve various performances as the insulating oil of the capacitor, in particular can reduce the acid value and improve the oxidation resistance. The further comparative study in this example shows that when the fat-soluble dietary fiber is used, the influence on the performance of the capacitor insulating oil is not prominent, and in the practical experiment, the fat-soluble dietary fiber also contains a certain color, which can influence the chromaticity of the final capacitor insulating oil; when the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is adopted, the performance of the capacitor insulating oil can be damaged when the dosage of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is excessive.
The present invention may be better implemented as described above, and the above examples are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the present invention without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The bio-based capacitor insulating oil is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials: non-edible vegetable oil, antioxidant, pour point depressant;
the addition amount of the antioxidant in the capacitor insulating oil is 0.1-2% by mass; the addition amount of the pour point depressant in the capacitor insulating oil is 0.1-2% by mass ratio; the non-edible vegetable oil is selected from any one of jatropha oil, mustard seed oil and rice bran oil;
the antioxidant is selected from one or two of 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl propionate and 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl stearyl propionate;
the pour point depressant is polymethacrylate.
2. The bio-based capacitor insulating oil of claim 1, wherein the preparation raw materials further comprise: modified fat-soluble dietary fiber;
the addition amount of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber in the capacitor insulating oil is 0.1-2% in terms of mass ratio;
the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is fat-soluble dietary fiber after microwave oxidation.
3. The bio-based capacitor insulating oil according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber comprises: mixing dietary fiber with 4-6 w% hydrogen peroxide, and carrying out 500-1000W microwave for 2-5 min.
4. The method for preparing the bio-based capacitor insulating oil according to claim 1, comprising: the non-edible vegetable oil is decolorized, deacidified and washed to obtain base oil, and finally an antioxidant, a pour point depressant and the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber of claim 2 are added to prepare the finished oil.
5. The method of preparing bio-based capacitor insulating oil according to claim 4, wherein the preparing the finished oil comprises: and weighing the base oil, the antioxidant and the pour point depressant according to a proportion, heating to 75+/-5 ℃ under vacuum condition, stirring and reacting for 3 hours, and filtering by using a filtering device with a 0.45 mu m pore size filter membrane to obtain the capacitor insulating oil.
6. The method for preparing a bio-based capacitor insulating oil according to claim 4, wherein the decoloring comprises: heating the non-edible vegetable oil to 80+/-5 ℃, adding a solid adsorbent accounting for 1.5-5.0% of the weight of the non-edible vegetable oil, maintaining a vacuum state, stirring, adsorbing and decoloring for 1-1.5 h, and filtering by using a filter membrane with a pore diameter of 1 mu m to remove solid matters in the oil.
7. The method for preparing a bio-based capacitor insulating oil according to claim 4, wherein the deacidification comprises: heating decolored non-edible vegetable oil to 55+/-5 ℃, adding potassium hydroxide solution at the same temperature as the decolored non-edible vegetable oil at the flow rate of 3mL/min under the stirring condition, continuously stirring and reacting for 3 hours, centrifuging to perform oil-water separation, and removing the lower aqueous solution;
the dosage of the potassium hydroxide solution is 25% of the volume of the decolored non-edible vegetable oil, and the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution is 10 times of theoretical alkali quantity for neutralizing acidic substances in the decolored non-edible vegetable oil.
8. The method for preparing a bio-based capacitor insulating oil according to claim 4, wherein the washing with water comprises: and heating the decolored and deacidified non-edible vegetable oil to 85+/-5 ℃, adding 25% deionized water with the same temperature, reacting for 2 hours under the stirring condition, centrifuging, separating oil from water, and removing a lower aqueous solution to obtain the base oil.
9. The method of preparing bio-based capacitor insulating oil according to claim 4, wherein the preparing the finished oil comprises: weighing the base oil, the antioxidant, the pour point depressant and the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber according to a proportion;
the addition amount of the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is 0.1-2% in terms of mass ratio;
the modified fat-soluble dietary fiber is dietary fiber after microwave oxidation.
10. A capacitor dielectric comprising the bio-based capacitor insulating oil of any one of claims 1-3.
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| CN202310912289.3A CN116948734A (en) | 2023-07-25 | 2023-07-25 | Bio-based capacitor insulating oil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202310912289.3A CN116948734A (en) | 2023-07-25 | 2023-07-25 | Bio-based capacitor insulating oil and preparation method thereof |
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