CN116948012B - 增强细胞功能的cd16抗剪切突变体 - Google Patents
增强细胞功能的cd16抗剪切突变体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种增强细胞功能的CD16抗剪切突变体。具体地,本发明的CD16突变体,在对应于野生型CD16的以下位点发生氨基酸残基的突变:在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间和/或S197和T198位点间发生一个或多个脯氨酸的插入。本发明的CD16突变体可以抵抗ADAM17的剪切,并且能增强表达它们的NK92细胞株的ADCC能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及免疫领域。具体地,涉及一种增强细胞功能的CD16抗剪切突变体。
背景技术
FcγRⅢ(CD16)是分子量为50~70kDa糖蛋白,属Ig超家族成员,有2个C2结构,基因染色体位于1q23~24。FcγRⅢ结合人IgG、IgG3,为抗体的低亲和力受体。
ADCC是一个涉及NK细胞激活、释放细胞因子和溶细胞颗粒以及诱导靶细胞凋亡的过程,主要由低亲和力介导Fc受体CD16(FcγRIIIA或CD16a)和抗体的结合诱导产生。通过CD16直接激活NK细胞,促进NK细胞与肿瘤细胞间免疫突触的形成,对各种肿瘤细胞表现出杀伤活性。
在此过程中CD16是激活NK细胞效应的受体,通过信号传导,诱导免疫受体酪氨酸基激活基序(ITAM)磷酸化,触发溶解颗粒和细胞因子如IFN-γ和TNF-α的释放。
而且当NK细胞与靶细胞相互作用时,NK细胞中CD16在传导激活信号的同时还会发生膜表达水平的下调。这是NK细胞活化过程中CD16细胞外片段脱落的结果。活化NK细胞的CD16脱落是由金属蛋白酶17(ADAM17)介导的。这显示了CD16在触发NK细胞介导的ADCC中的核心重要性。
鉴于CD16脱落会形成对NK细胞等表达它的细胞的ADCC功能的负调控,在长期的抗体药物治疗过程中弱化药效。为了克服这种负调控信号的作用,本领域仍需要开发能够抵抗ADAM17的剪切,并且能增强NK细胞的ADCC能力的工程改造的CD16突变体。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种工程改造的CD16突变体。
在本发明的第一方面,提供了一种CD16突变体,所述CD16突变体在对应于野生型CD16的以下位点发生氨基酸残基的突变:在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间和/或S197和T198位点间发生一个或多个氨基酸的插入;其中,所述一个或多个氨基酸的插入包括一个或多个脯氨酸的插入。
在另一优选例中,所述突变还包括一个或多个氨基酸的缺失、或一个或多个氨基酸的替换。
在另一优选例中,所述一个或多个氨基酸的插入为1个、2个、或3个脯氨酸的插入。
在另一优选例中,所述一个或多个氨基酸的插入包括:
(1)在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间插入1个或2个P;
(2)在野生型CD16的S197和T198位点间插入1个或2个P;或
(3)上述任一种的组合。
在另一优选例中,所述一个或多个氨基酸的插入包括:
(1)在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间插入1个P;
(2)在野生型CD16的S197和T198位点间插入1个P;或
(3)在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间插入1个P,和在野生型CD16的S197和T198位点间插入1个P。
在另一优选例中,所述的CD16突变体选自下组:
(1)CD16-F176V-V196_S197insP,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示,
(2)CD16-F176V-S197_T198insP,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.4所示,和
(3)CD16-F176V-V196_S197insP-V197_T198insP,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示。
在另一优选例中,所述野生型CD16的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
在另一优选例中,与野生型CD16多肽相比,CD16突变体显示减小的对ADAM17介导的脱落的敏感性。
在另一优选例中,与野生型CD16多肽相比,CD16突变体对ADAM17切割是抗性的。
在本发明的第二方面,提供了一种融合蛋白,所述融合蛋白包含如本发明的第一方面所述的CD16突变体和非CD16突变体的功能部分。
在另一优选例中,所述非CD16功能部分选自下组:
Fc片段,包括但不限于:人IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4的Fc片段,及其同源性在90%以上的Fc片段突变体;
人血清白蛋白(HSA);
6His标签。
在优选的实施方式中,所述融合蛋白中的CD16突变体与非CD16功能部分可以直接连接,也可以通过连接物连接;所述连接物可以是AAA或GS的重复序列,包括但不限于G3S的重复序列或G4S的重复序列;例如(G3S)4。
在本发明的第三方面,提供了一种多核苷酸,所述多核苷酸编码本发明的第一方面所述的CD16突变体或如本发明的第二方面所述的融合蛋白。
在本发明的第四方面,提供了一种表达载体,所述表达载体包含本发明第三方面所述的多核苷酸。
在本发明的第五方面,提供了一种细胞,所述细胞包含本发明的第四方面所述的表达载体,或所述细胞的基因组整合有本发明第三方面所述的多核苷酸。
在另一优选例中,所述细胞表达如上所述的CD16突变体。
在另一优选例中,所述细胞为真核细胞;优选酵母、昆虫细胞、动物细胞;可以是哺乳动物细胞。
在另一优选例中,所述细胞为自然杀伤(NK)细胞、中性粒细胞、单核细胞、T细胞、巨噬细胞、多能干细胞或从所述多能干细胞生成的分化细胞。
在另一优选例中,所述多能干细胞包括人诱导多能性干细胞(iPSC)或人胚胎干细胞(ESc),或从所述多能干细胞生成的分化细胞为造血细胞。
在另一优选例中,所述NK细胞为从人诱导多能性干细胞(iPSC)和人胚胎干细胞(ESc)来源的NK细胞,或从外周血或脐带血诱导或扩增获得的NK细胞。
在另一优选例中,所述细胞为自然杀伤(NK)细胞,并且与表达包含如SEQ ID NO.1或SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列的CD16多肽的NK细胞相比,所述NK细胞显示选自以下的一种或多种特征:
(a)增加的抗肿瘤能力;
(b)增加的抗病毒能力;
(c)提高的抗体依赖性细胞细胞毒性;
(d)增加的IFNγ或TNFα产生;
(e)增加的CD16介导的活性;
(f)更高的CD16表面水平;
(g)增强的细胞刺激;和
(h)增加的体内抗癌活性。
在另一优选例中,与表达包含如SEQ ID NO.1或SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列的CD16多肽的NK细胞相比,所述NK细胞的ADCC能力至少提高了≥20%,≥30%,≥40%,≥50%或更高,如20-90%或30-80%。
在本发明的第六方面,提供了一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含权利要求1所述的CD16突变体、权利要求2所述的融合蛋白、或权利要求5所述的细胞与药学上可接受的载体。
在另一优选例中,所述药物组合物为制剂。
在另一优选例中,所述药物组合物用于治疗肿瘤或增强哺乳动物细胞中ADCC活性。
在另一优选例中,所述药物组合物还包括其他用于治疗肿瘤的药物。
在另一优选例中,所述其他用于治疗肿瘤的药物(i)特异性识别肿瘤抗原;或(ii)包括特异性识别所述肿瘤抗原的抗体或抗体片段;或(iii)特异性识别病毒靶标蛋白。
在另一优选例中,所述其他用于治疗肿瘤的药物包括治疗性的NK细胞药物。
在另一优选例中,所述肿瘤抗原包括HER2、CD20、EGFR、CD38、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD19、CD22、CD34、CD40、CD52、HER1、HER3、HER4、VCAM、CD11a、CD18、CD11b、VEGF、Claudin18.2;或所述抗体包曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab)、利妥昔单抗(rituximab)、帕妥珠单抗(pertuzumab)、雷尼珠单抗(ranibizumab)、乌布妥昔单抗(ublituximab)、奥马珠单抗(omalizumab)、伊沙昔单抗(isatuximab)、阿法单抗(ofatumumab)、Inebilizumab、西妥昔单抗(cetuximab)、帕尼单抗(panitumumab)、尼妥珠单抗(nimotuzumab)、奥匹妥珠单抗(obinutuzumab)、阿仑单抗(alemtuzumab)、伏妥昔单抗(futuximab)、伊马曲单抗(imgatuzumab)、马妥单抗(matuzumab)、厄马索单抗(ertumaxomab)。
在本发明的第七方面,提供了一种增强哺乳动物细胞中ADCC活性的体外方法,包括将本发明第三方面所述的多核苷酸引入细胞。
在本发明的第八方面,提供了如本发明第一方面所述的CD16突变体、本发明第二方面所述的融合蛋白或本发明第五方面所述的细胞在制备用于体外扩增T淋巴细胞、自然杀伤NK细胞或用于治疗个体的疾病的药物的用途。
在另一优选例中,所述疾病是应用NK细胞作免疫治疗的疾病。
在另一优选例中,所述疾病是通过刺激免疫系统或通过增殖免疫细胞来治疗的疾病,例如刺激免疫系统通过介导ADCC杀伤肿瘤细胞。
在另一优选例中,所述疾病为癌症或者肿瘤,例如:淋巴瘤、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、多发性骨髓瘤、肾癌、胰腺癌、黑色素瘤、甲状腺癌、脑肿瘤、皮肤癌、前列腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、头颈癌、膀胱癌或其组合。
在本发明的第九方面,提供了一种治疗肿瘤的方法,向有需要的对象施用如本发明第一方面所述的CD16突变体、本发明第二方面所述的融合蛋白、本发明第五方面所述的细胞或如本发明第六方面所述的药物组合物。
在另一优选例中,所述方法还包括给予所述对象治疗性的NK细胞药物。
在另一优选例中,所述NK细胞药物(i)特异性识别肿瘤抗原;或(ii)包括特异性识别所述肿瘤抗原的抗体或抗体片段;或(iii)特异性识别病毒靶标蛋白。
在另一优选例中,所述肿瘤抗原包括HER2、CD20、EGFR、CD38、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD19、CD22、CD34、CD40、CD52、HER1、HER3、HER4、VCAM、CD11a、CD18、CD11b、VEGF、Claudin18.2;或所述抗体包曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab)、利妥昔单抗(rituximab)、帕妥珠单抗(pertuzumab)、雷尼珠单抗(ranibizumab)、乌布妥昔单抗(ublituximab)、奥马珠单抗(omalizumab)、伊沙昔单抗(isatuximab)、阿法单抗(ofatumumab)、Inebilizumab、西妥昔单抗(cetuximab)、帕尼单抗(panitumumab)、尼妥珠单抗(nimotuzumab)、奥匹妥珠单抗(obinutuzumab)、阿仑单抗(alemtuzumab)、伏妥昔单抗(futuximab)、伊马曲单抗(imgatuzumab)、马妥单抗(matuzumab)、厄马索单抗(ertumaxomab)。
应理解,在本发明范围内中,本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合,从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。限于篇幅,在此不再一一累述。
附图说明
图1显示了CD16被ADAM17剪切的原理图。
图2显示了ADAM17蛋白X射线模型图。
图3显示了本发明的CD16突变体可以抵抗ADAM17的剪切。
图4显示了本发明的CD16突变体介导更强的ADCC作用。
具体实施方式
本发明人经过广泛而深入地研究,首次意外发现,基于CD16和ADAM17的酶活性口袋区的结合方式设计的三种CD16的构象突变体,可以抵抗ADAM17的剪切,并且能增强表达它们的NK细胞或NK92细胞株的ADCC能力。进而避免NK细胞中CD16的脱落,从而增强NK细胞刺激和癌细胞杀伤。在此基础上完成了本发明。
术语
FcγRⅢ和NK细胞
FcγRⅢ(CD16)是分子量为50~70kDa糖蛋白,属Ig超家族成员,有2个C2结构,基因染色体位于1q23~24。FcγRⅢ结合人IgG、IgG3,为抗体的低亲和力受体。
FcγRⅢ有FcγRⅢA和FcγRⅢB两种异型:①FcγRⅢA,穿膜结构,主要分布于巨噬细胞、NK细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞,巨噬细胞表达高水平FcγRⅢA,而单核细胞表达水平较低。FcγRⅢA与二硫键连接的CD3ζ或FcεRⅠγ链双体相关,巨噬细胞上FcγRⅢA与CD3复合体γ链相关,NK/LGL上FcγRⅢA则与ζ链相关。TGF-β促进培养的单核细胞表达FcγRⅢA。②FcγRⅢB,通过GPI“锚”在中性粒细胞表面,每个人中性粒细胞表达10万~20万血液中可溶性的FcγRⅢ主要来自这种形式,中性粒细胞激活剂短时间处理后可明显降低FcγRⅢB的表达水平,可能与通过激活内源性蛋白酶切除GPI连接分子有关。
FcγRⅢ的功能:FcγR的功能主要是通过髓样细胞和NK细胞来发挥的。
(1)单核-巨噬细胞:FcγRⅠ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ均可介导人单核细胞ADCC来杀伤肿瘤等靶细胞,这种ADCC效应为Mg2+依赖,并需LFA-1等粘附分子参与。IFN-γ可促进单核细胞FcγRⅠ介导的杀伤作用。单核-吞噬细胞可通过FcγRⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ发挥调理吞噬和清除免疫复合物的作用。
(2)中性粒细胞:GPI连接的FcγRⅢB并不能介导中性粒细胞杀伤肿瘤的作用。活化中性粒细胞通过FcγRⅠ、Ⅱ发挥调理吞噬和清除免疫复合物的作用。
(3)NK细胞:通过FcγRⅢA介导ADCC杀伤肿瘤细胞等靶细胞,IL-2和IFN-γ可明显提高NK细胞的杀伤活性,但并不明显改变FcγRⅢA的表达水平。
NK细胞又称自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cell),是机体内重要的免疫细胞,可非特异性直接杀伤肿瘤细胞,这种天然杀伤活性无MHC限制,不依赖抗体,也不需要抗原致敏。除了具有强大的杀伤功能外,还具有很强的免疫调节功能,与机体其他多种免疫细胞相互作用,调节机体的免疫状态和免疫功能。
NK细胞的“动态平衡”主要受细胞表面多种受体蛋白的调控,分为2类:NK细胞活化受体(KAR)和抑制受体(KIR)。NK细胞的活化状态,脱颗粒反应、细胞因子释放和细胞杀伤功能是抑制信号和活化信号综合的结果。
NKG2D(也称为CD314和KLRK1)、天然细胞毒性受体(NCRs)、DNAM1(也称为CD226)和CD16是参与抗癌免疫应答的最具特征的活化NK细胞受体。
NK细胞还表达IgG1和IgG3的低亲和力受体FcγRIII(CD16),可与肿瘤抗原特异性抗体Fc段结合,介导NK细胞识别并杀伤被抗体包被的肿瘤细胞,亦称为抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用(antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity,ADCC)。
ADCC是一个涉及NK细胞激活、释放细胞因子和溶细胞颗粒以及诱导靶细胞凋亡的过程,主要由低亲和力介导Fc受体CD16(FcγRIIIA或CD16a)和抗体的结合诱导产生。通过CD16直接激活NK细胞,促进NK细胞与肿瘤细胞间免疫突触的形成,对各种肿瘤细胞表现出杀伤活性。
在此过程中CD16是激活NK细胞效应的受体,通过信号传导,诱导免疫受体酪氨酸基激活基序(ITAM)磷酸化,触发溶解颗粒和细胞因子如IFN-γ和TNF-α的释放。
而且当NK细胞在特异性抗体存在的条件下与靶细胞相互作用时,NK细胞中CD16在传导激活信号的同时还会发生膜表达水平的下调。这是NK细胞活化过程中CD16细胞外片段脱落的结果。
活化NK细胞的CD16脱落是由金属蛋白酶17(ADAM17)介导的。这都显示了CD16在触发NK细胞介导的ADCC中的核心重要性。
本发明的CD16突变体
与该领域已报道的CD16突变体CD16-F176V-S197P(PC)(F176V是天然存在的CD16高亲和力突变体)采用的点突变策略相比,本发明中采用的是将与ADAM17口袋区需要的极性特征相反的氨基酸P插入到CD16与ADAM17结合的S197的一侧或两侧的设计。
如本文所用,“本发明的CD16抗剪切突变体”、“本发明的CD16突变体”可以互换使用,指本发明第一方面所述的CD16突变体。
优选地,所述CD16突变体在对应于野生型CD16的以下位点发生氨基酸残基的突变:在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间和/或S197和T198位点间发生一个或多个氨基酸的插入;例如1、2、3个脯氨酸的插入。
在另一优选例中,所述突变还包括一个或多个氨基酸的缺失、或一个或多个氨基酸的替换。
在另一优选例中,所述一个或多个氨基酸的插入为1个、2个、或3个脯氨酸的插入。
在另一优选例中,所述一个或多个氨基酸的插入包括:
(1)在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间插入1个或2个P;
(2)在野生型CD16的S197和T198位点间插入1个或2个P;或
(3)上述任一种的组合。
在另一优选例中,所述一个或多个氨基酸的插入包括:
(1)在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间插入1个P;
(2)在野生型CD16的S197和T198位点间插入1个P;或
(3)在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间插入1个P,和在野生型CD16的S197和T198位点间插入1个P。
具体地,野生型CD16(WT)、已报道的CD16突变体以及本发明中的三个CD16突变体的序列如下:
CD16-WT(SEQ ID NO.1)
CD16-S197P PC(SEQ ID NO.2)
CD16-V196_S197insP Mut1(SEQ ID NO.3)
CD16-S197_T198insP Mut2(SEQ ID NO.4)
CD16-V196_S197insP-V197_T198insP Mut3(SEQ ID NO.5)
融合蛋白
基于本发明的CD16突变体,本领域技术人员知晓可以将本发明的CD16突变体与非CD16的其它功能部分制成融合蛋白。在具体的实施方式中,所述非CD16功能部分包括但不限于:Fc片段、人血清白蛋白(HSA)、抗HSA抗体或抗体片段、转铁蛋白、人绒毛膜促性腺激素β亚基羧基末端肽(CTP)、类弹性蛋白多肽(elastin-like peptide,ELP)和抗原结合部分。在优选的实施方式中,所述抗原结合部分可以是抗体或其活性抗体片段,Fab分子、scFv分子和VHH分子、免疫球蛋白分子、受体蛋白分子或配体蛋白分子;所述免疫球蛋白分子可以是IgG分子。
基于本领域的常规操作,本领域技术人员知晓如何获得包含本发明的CD16突变体的融合蛋白。例如,可以将本发明的CD16突变体与其它非CD16功能部分直接连接,也可以通过连接物连接。所述连接物可以是AAA或GS的重复序列,包括但不限于G3S的重复序列或G4S的重复序列;例如(G3S)4。
一类优选的活性衍生物指与本发明的氨基酸序列相比,有至多3个,较佳地至多2个,更佳地至多1个氨基酸被性质相似或相近的氨基酸所替换而形成多肽。这些保守性变异多肽最好根据表A进行氨基酸替换而产生。
表A
最初的残基 | 代表性的取代 | 优选的取代 |
Ala(A) | Val;Leu;Ile | Val |
Arg(R) | Lys;Gln;Asn | Lys |
Asn(N) | Gln;His;Lys;Arg | Gln |
Asp(D) | Glu | Glu |
Cys(C) | Ser | Ser |
Gln(Q) | Asn | Asn |
Glu(E) | Asp | Asp |
Gly(G) | Pro;Ala | Ala |
His(H) | Asn;Gln;Lys;Arg | Arg |
Ile(I) | Leu;Val;Met;Ala;Phe | Leu |
Leu(L) | Ile;Val;Met;Ala;Phe | Ile |
Lys(K) | Arg;Gln;Asn | Arg |
Met(M) | Leu;Phe;Ile | Leu |
Phe(F) | Leu;Val;Ile;Ala;Tyr | Leu |
Pro(P) | Ala | Ala |
Ser(S) | Thr | Thr |
Thr(T) | Ser | Ser |
Trp(W) | Tyr;Phe | Tyr |
Tyr(Y) | Trp;Phe;Thr;Ser | Phe |
Val(V) | Ile;Leu;Met;Phe;Ala | Leu |
本发明还提供本发明融合蛋白的类似物。这些类似物与本发明的多肽的差别可以是氨基酸序列上的差异,也可以是不影响序列的修饰形式上的差异,或者兼而有之。类似物还包括具有不同于天然L-氨基酸的残基(如D-氨基酸)的类似物,以及具有非天然存在的或合成的氨基酸(如β、γ-氨基酸)的类似物。应理解,本发明的多肽并不限于上述例举的代表性的多肽。
此外,还可以对本发明CD16突变体或融合蛋白进行修饰。修饰(通常不改变一级结构)形式包括:体内或体外的多肽的化学衍生形式如乙酰化或羧基化。修饰还包括糖基化,如那些在多肽的合成和加工中或进一步加工步骤中进行糖基化修饰而产生的多肽。这种修饰可以通过将多肽暴露于进行糖基化的酶(如哺乳动物的糖基化酶或去糖基化酶)而完成。修饰形式还包括具有磷酸化氨基酸残基(如磷酸酪氨酸,磷酸丝氨酸,磷酸苏氨酸)的序列。还包括被修饰从而提高了其抗蛋白水解性能或优化了溶解性能的多肽。
术语“本发明的多核苷酸”可以是包括编码本发明CD16突变体或融合蛋白的多核苷酸,也可以是还包括附加编码和/或非编码序列的多核苷酸。
本发明还涉及上述多核苷酸的变异体,其编码与本发明有相同的氨基酸序列的多肽或融合蛋白的片段、类似物和衍生物。这些核苷酸变异体包括取代变异体、缺失变异体和插入变异体。如本领域所知的,等位变异体是一个多核苷酸的替换形式,它可能是一个或多个核苷酸的取代、缺失或插入,但不会从实质上改变其编码的CD16突变体或融合蛋白的功能。
本发明还涉及与上述的序列杂交且两个序列之间具有至少50%,较佳地至少70%,更佳地至少80%相同性的多核苷酸。本发明特别涉及在严格条件(或严紧条件)下与本发明所述多核苷酸可杂交的多核苷酸。在本发明中,“严格条件”是指:(1)在较低离子强度和较高温度下的杂交和洗脱,如0.2×SSC,0.1%SDS,60℃;或(2)杂交时加有变性剂,如50%(v/v)甲酰胺,0.1%小牛血清/0.1%Ficoll,42℃等;或(3)仅在两条序列之间的相同性至少在90%以上,更好是95%以上时才发生杂交。
本发明的CD16突变体或融合蛋白和多核苷酸优选以分离的形式提供,更佳地,被纯化至均质。
本发明多核苷酸全长序列通常可以通过PCR扩增法、重组法或人工合成的方法获得。对于PCR扩增法,可根据本发明所公开的有关核苷酸序列,尤其是开放阅读框序列来设计引物,并用市售的cDNA库或按本领域技术人员已知的常规方法所制备的cDNA库作为模板,扩增而得有关序列。当序列较长时,常常需要进行两次或多次PCR扩增,然后再将各次扩增出的片段按正确次序拼接在一起。
一旦获得了有关的序列,就可以用重组法来大批量地获得有关序列。这通常是将其克隆入载体,再转入细胞,然后通过常规方法从增殖后的宿主细胞中分离得到有关序列。
此外,还可用人工合成的方法来合成有关序列,尤其是片段长度较短时。通常,通过先合成多个小片段,然后再进行连接可获得序列很长的片段。
目前,已经可以完全通过化学合成来得到编码本发明蛋白(或其片段,或其衍生物)的DNA序列。然后可将该DNA序列引入本领域中已知的各种现有的DNA分子(或如载体)和细胞中。
应用PCR技术扩增DNA/RNA的方法被优选用于获得本发明的多核苷酸。特别是很难从文库中得到全长的cDNA时,可优选使用RACE法(RACE-cDNA末端快速扩增法),用于PCR的引物可根据本文所公开的本发明的序列信息适当地选择,并可用常规方法合成。可用常规方法如通过凝胶电泳分离和纯化扩增的DNA/RNA片段。
表达载体
本发明也涉及包含本发明的多核苷酸的载体,以及用本发明的载体或本发明CD16突变蛋白或融合蛋白编码序列经基因工程产生的宿主细胞,以及经重组技术产生本发明所述多肽的方法。
通过常规的重组DNA技术,可利用本发明的多聚核苷酸序列可用来表达或生产重组的融合蛋白。一般来说有以下步骤:
(1).用本发明的编码本发明融合蛋白的多核苷酸(或变异体),或用含有该多核苷酸的重组表达载体转化或转导合适的宿主细胞;
(2).在合适的培养基中培养的宿主细胞;
(3).从培养基或细胞中分离、纯化蛋白质。
本发明中,编码融合蛋白的多核苷酸序列可插入到重组表达载体中。术语“重组表达载体”指本领域熟知的细菌质粒、噬菌体、酵母质粒、植物细胞病毒、哺乳动物细胞病毒如腺病毒、逆转录病毒或其他载体。只要能在宿主体内复制和稳定,任何质粒和载体都可以用。表达载体的一个重要特征是通常含有复制起点、启动子、标记基因和翻译控制元件。
在本发明的CD16突变蛋白或其融合蛋白制备方法中,可以使用任何合适的载体,可选自pDR1、pcDNA3.1(+)、pcDNA3.1/ZEO(+)、pDHFR之一,表达载体中包括连接有合适的转录和翻译调节序列的融合DNA序列。
细胞
本发明中,表达CD16突变体的细胞可为自然杀伤(NK)细胞、中性粒细胞、单核细胞、T细胞、巨噬细胞或多能干细胞(例如人诱导多能性干细胞(iPSC)和人胚胎干细胞(ESc))或从所述多能干细胞分化生成的免疫细胞。较佳地,所述细胞为NK细胞,所述NK细胞可以是从人诱导多能性干细胞(iPSC)和人胚胎干细胞(ESc)来源的NK细胞;或从外周血或脐带血诱导扩增得到的NK细胞;更佳地为一种NK细胞群。
较佳地,所述NK细胞群可以用作治疗剂。并且,与表达包含如SEQ ID NO.1(野生型)所示的氨基酸序列的CD16多肽的NK细胞或NK细胞群相比,本发明的表达包含如SEQ IDNO.1、2或3所示的氨基酸序列的CD16突变体的NK细胞或NK细胞群具有更高的介导ADCC的功能,与SEQ ID NO.2(CD16-F176V-S197P)所介导的ADCC功能相当。
真核/原核宿主细胞均可用于本发明的CD16突变体或其融合蛋白的表达,真核宿主细胞优选哺乳动物或昆虫宿主细胞培养系统,优选COS、CHO、NS0、sf9及sf21等细胞均;原核宿主细胞优选为DH5a、BL21(DE3)、TG1之一。
本领域的技术人员熟知的方法能用于构建含本发明融合蛋白编码DNA序列和合适的转录/翻译控制信号的表达载体。这些方法包括体外重组DNA技术、DNA合成技术、体内重组技术等。所述的DNA序列可有效连接到表达载体中的适当启动子上,以指导mRNA合成。这些启动子的代表性例子有:大肠杆菌的lac或trp启动子;λ噬菌体PL启动子;真核启动子包括CMV立即早期启动子、HSV胸苷激酶启动子、早期和晚期SV40启动子、反转录病毒的LTRs和其他一些已知的可控制基因在原核或真核细胞或其病毒中表达的启动子。表达载体还包括翻译起始用的核糖体结合位点和转录终止子。
此外,表达载体优选地包含一个或多个选择性标记基因,以提供用于选择转化的宿主细胞的表型性状,如真核细胞培养用的二氢叶酸还原酶、新霉素抗性以及绿色荧光蛋白(GFP),或用于大肠杆菌的四环素或氨苄青霉素抗性。
包含上述的适当DNA序列以及适当启动子或者控制序列的载体,可以用于转化适当的宿主细胞,以使其能够表达蛋白质。
本发明的细胞可以为宿主细胞,例如可以是原核细胞,如细菌细胞;或是低等真核细胞,如酵母细胞;或是高等真核细胞,如哺乳动物细胞。代表性例子有:大肠杆菌,链霉菌属;鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的细菌细胞;真菌细胞如酵母、植物细胞(如人参细胞)。
本发明的多核苷酸在高等真核细胞中表达时,如果在载体中插入增强子序列时将会使转录得到增强。增强子是DNA的顺式作用因子,通常大约有10到300个碱基对,作用于启动子以增强基因的转录。可举的例子包括在复制起始点晚期一侧的100到270个碱基对的SV40增强子、在复制起始点晚期一侧的多瘤增强子以及腺病毒增强子等。
本领域一般技术人员都清楚如何选择适当的载体、启动子、增强子和宿主细胞。
用重组DNA转化宿主细胞可用本领域技术人员熟知的常规技术进行。当宿主为原核生物如大肠杆菌时,能吸收DNA的感受态细胞可在指数生长期后收获,用CaCl2法处理,所用的步骤在本领域众所周知。另一种方法是使用MgCl2。如果需要,转化也可用电穿孔的方法进行。当宿主是真核生物,可选用如下的DNA转染方法:磷酸钙共沉淀法,常规机械方法如显微注射、电穿孔、脂质体包装等。
获得的转化子可以用常规方法培养,表达本发明的基因所编码的多肽。根据所用的宿主细胞,培养中所用的培养基可选自各种常规培养基。在适于宿主细胞生长的条件下进行培养。当宿主细胞生长到适当的细胞密度后,用合适的方法(如温度转换或化学诱导)诱导选择的启动子,将细胞再培养一段时间。
在上面的方法中的重组多肽可在细胞内、或在细胞膜上表达、或分泌到细胞外。如果需要,可利用其物理的、化学的和其它特性通过各种分离方法分离和纯化重组的蛋白。这些方法是本领域技术人员所熟知的。这些方法的例子包括但并不限于:常规的复性处理、用蛋白沉淀剂处理(盐析方法)、离心、渗透破菌、超处理、超离心、分子筛层析(凝胶过滤)、吸附层析、离子交换层析、高效液相层析(HPLC)和其它各种液相层析技术及这些方法的结合。
可以利用亲和层析的方法对本发明公开的CD16突变体或其融合蛋白进行分离纯化,根据所利用的亲和柱的特性,可以使用常规的方法例如高盐缓冲液、改变PH等方法洗脱结合在亲和柱上的CD16突变体或其融合蛋白。
利用上述方法,可以将CD16突变体或其融合蛋白纯化为基本均一的物质,例如在SDS-PAGE电泳上为单一条带。
药物组合物
在本发明中,还提供了一种含有上述CD16突变体或融合蛋白的药物组合物。
所述的CD16突变体或融合蛋白可以和药学上可以接受的辅料一起组成药物制剂从而更稳定地发挥疗效,这些制剂可以保证本发明的CD16突变体或其融合蛋白氨基酸核心序列的结构完整性,同时还要保护蛋白质的多官能团防止其降解(包括但不限于凝聚、脱氨或氧化)。所述制剂可以是各种形态,通常情况下,对于液体制剂,通常可以在2℃-8℃条件下至少稳定保存一年,对于冻干制剂,在30℃至少六个月保持稳定。在这里制剂可为制药领域常用的混悬、水针、冻干等制剂,优选水针或冻干制剂。
对于本发明的CD16突变体或其融合蛋白的水针或冻干制剂,其中药学上可以接受的辅料包括表面活性剂、溶液稳定剂、等渗调节剂和缓冲液之一或其组合,其中表面活性剂包括非离子型表面活性剂如聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂肪酸酯(吐温20或80);poloxamer(如poloxamer 188);Triton;十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS);月桂硫酸钠;十四烷基、亚油基或十八烷基肌氨酸;Pluronics;MONAQUATTM等,其加入量应使蛋白的颗粒化趋势最小,溶液稳定剂可以为糖类,包括还原性糖和非还原性糖,氨基酸类包括谷氨酸单钠或组氨酸,醇类包括三元醇、高级糖醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇之一或其组合,溶液稳定剂的加入量应该使最后形成的制剂在本领域的技术人员认为达到在稳定的时间内保持稳定状态,等渗调节剂可以为氯化钠、甘露醇之一,缓冲液可以为TRIS、组氨酸缓冲液、磷酸盐缓冲液之一。
使用上述CD16突变体或其融合蛋白及其药物制剂在对包括人在内的动物给药时,给药剂量因病人的年龄和体重、疾病特性和严重性、以及给药途径而异,可以参考动物实验的结果和种种情况,总给药量不能超过一定范围。具体讲静脉注射的剂量是0.1至3000mg/天。
本发明的CD16突变体或其融合蛋白和含有其的药物制剂可以作为抗肿瘤药物用于肿瘤治疗,本发明所称的抗肿瘤药物,指具有抑制和/或治疗肿瘤的药物,可以包括伴随肿瘤生长相关症状发展的延迟和/或这些症状严重程度的降低,它进一步还包括已存在的肿瘤生长伴随症状的减轻并防止其他症状的出现,还也减少或防止转移。
上述CD16突变体或其融合蛋白及其药物制剂还可以和其他的抗肿瘤药联合给药,用于肿瘤的治疗,这些用于联合给药的抗肿瘤药包括但不限于:1、细胞毒类药物(1)作用于DNA化学结构的药物:烷化剂如氮芥类、亚硝尿类、甲基磺酸酯类;铂类化合物如顺铂、卡铂和草酸铂等;丝裂霉素(MMC);(2)影响核酸合成的药物:二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂如甲氨喋呤(MTX)和Alimta等;胸腺核苷合成酶抑制剂如氟尿嘧啶类(5FU、FT-207、卡培他滨)等;嘌呤核苷合成酶抑制剂如6-巯基嘌呤(6-MP)和6-TG等;核苷酸还原酶抑制剂如羟基脲(HU)等;DNA多聚酶抑制剂如阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)和健择(Gemz)等;(3)作用于核酸转录的药物:选择性作用于DNA模板,抑制DNA依赖RNA聚合酶,从而抑制RNA合成的药物如:放线菌素D、柔红霉素、阿霉素、表阿霉素、阿克拉霉素、光辉霉素等;(4)主要作用于微管蛋白合成的药物:紫杉醇、泰索帝、长春花碱、长春瑞滨、鬼臼硷类、高三尖杉酯碱;(5)其他细胞毒药:门冬酰胺酶主要抑制蛋白质的合成;2、激素类抗雌激素:三苯氧胺、屈洛昔芬、依西美坦等;芳香化酶抑制剂:氨鲁米特、兰特隆、来曲唑、瑞宁德等;抗雄激素:氟它氨RH-LH激动剂/拮抗剂:诺雷德、依那通等;3、生物反应调节剂:主要通过机体免疫功能抑制肿瘤干扰素;白细胞介素-2;胸腺肽类;4、单克隆抗体:美罗华(MabThera);Cetuximab(C225);赫赛汀(Trastuzumab);Bevacizumab(Avastin);Yervoy(Ipilimumab);Nivolumab(OPDIVO);Pembrolizumab(Keytruda);Atezolizumab(Tecentriq);5、其他括一些目前机制不明和有待进一步研究的药物;细胞分化诱导剂如维甲类;细胞凋亡诱导剂。
本发明的主要优点包括
(1)本发明的CD16突变体能够抵抗ADAM17的剪切,并且能增强表达它们的NK细胞的ADCC能力。
(2)本发明的CD16突变体可以用于免疫治疗,增加免疫细胞,特别是NK细胞、NK92细胞等的抗癌活性。
(3)本发明的CD16突变体核苷酸片段,可以通过基因编辑的方式插入在多能干细胞(iPSC,ESC等)的特定位点(AAVS1等),分化而来的以NK细胞为代表的免疫细胞具备更强的介导ADCC的能力。
(4)本发明的CD16突变体核苷酸片段,可以通过各种基因工程技术(如病毒载体转染、质粒转染、转座子转染等)在各种免疫细胞表面表达,由此类方法通过基因工程改造的免疫细胞具备更强的ADCC效能,和对靶细胞的识别和杀伤能力。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步陈述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明详细条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件如Sambrook等人,分子克隆:实验室手册(New York:Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryPress,1989)中所述的条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。
实验方法
本发明涉及到的实验方法如下:
1.CD16突变体的设计
本实验设计三种CD16突变体,分别或同时在S197位点的附近插入一个脯氨酸,并将突变体通过P2A序列与EGFP(作为报告基因)相连,相应的片段插入pMSCV逆转录病毒载体,形成
pMSCV-CD16-F176V-V196_S197insP(Mut1)、
pMSCV-CD16-F176V-S197_T198insP(Mut2)、
pMSCV-CD16-F176V-V196_S197insP-V197_T198insP(Mut3);
此外,构建野生型pMSCV-CD16-WT(WT)和阳性对照pMSCV-CD16-S197P(所有的载体在金唯智合成、抽提,测序结果全部正确)。
2.细胞培养
HEK293T、NK92来源于本实验室保种,Raji细胞购于ATCC。HEK293T培养在DMEM+10%FBS培养基中;Raji培养在RPMI-1640+10%FBS培养基中;NK92细胞培养基成分包括α-MEM(上海培源,L560KJ),0.2mM肌醇(Sigma-Aldrich,I7508),55mMβ-巯基乙醇(MESGEN,MG1004),20mM叶酸(Sigma-Aldrich,F8758-5G),1000U/ml IL-2(近岸蛋白,GMP-CD66),12.5%FBS(CAPRICORN)12.5%马血清(Gibco,26050088)
3.病毒包装及感染
逆转录病毒的包装载体分别为BaEV-TR、pCMV-gag-pol由本实验室设计后交于金唯智合成、抽提。病毒包装过程如下:a)将状态良好的HEK-293T细胞消化后重悬于相应培养基中,以7-8E5/ml的密度接种于10cm的培养皿中;b)置于培养箱培养16h后,观察细胞密度,当密度为80%左右时开始进行质粒转染;c)取2个1.5ml离心管,分别加入500ul Opti-MEMTMI减血清培养基(Gibco,31985062),在其中一个离心管中加入7.5ug BaEV-TR、10ugpCMV-gag-pol以及20ug相应的表达CD16突变体的pCMV载体;在另一个离心管中加入40ulPEIpro溶液(polyplus,115-010);d)将两个离心管的溶液轻轻混匀,室温放置15-20min后形成转染复合物;e)将上述转染复合物轻轻滴加至HEK-293T培养上清中,置于培养基继续培养4-6h;f)更换预热的新鲜培养基,将细胞置于培养箱中继续培养48h;g)收集细胞培养上清,利用Lenti-X Concentrator(Takara,631232)对病毒进行浓缩;h)用100ul培养基将病毒重悬,取5E5 NK92细胞于12孔板中,分别加入50ul病毒浓缩液,并添加终浓度为5ug/ml的polybrene;i)将细胞在32℃,800g的条件下离心1h,随后置于培养箱过夜培养;j)将细胞更换新鲜的培养基,继续培养3-5天后进行流式检测。
4.流式检测
流式细胞检测按照标准的操作流程进行,以检测CD16为例,操作步骤如下:a)每孔收集1E5相应的细胞,300g,4℃离心5min,弃上清;b)每孔加入200ul预冷的PBS缓冲液,轻轻混匀后,300g,4℃离心5min,弃上清;c)加入CD16抗体(Biolegend,302012)或Isotype(Biolegend,400122),其余孔加PBS,每孔体积100ul,轻轻混匀,置于4℃,孵育30min;d)300g,4℃离心5min,弃上清;e)每孔加入200ul预冷的PBS缓冲液,轻轻混匀后,300g,4℃离心5min,弃上清;f)每孔加入200ul预冷的含有7-AAD(BD PharmingenTM,559925)的PBS缓冲液,轻轻混匀后,上机检测(Attune),分析数据。
5.抵抗ADAM17切割实验
设置如下四个分组,其中Stimulation cocktail(Invitrogen,00-4970-93)用于激活NK92细胞;ADAM17 inhibitor(Selleck,S7434,20uM)用于特异性抑制ADAM17的活性;反应体系为100ul;4h后收集细胞,流式检测各组NK92表面CD16表达的情况。
6.ADCC活性检测
分别取3E4个NK92-CD16-WT、NK92-CD16-PC、NK92-CD16-Mut1、NK92-CD16-Mut2、NK92-CD16-Mut3,分别置于96孔板的一个孔中(每组设置3个重复),对于每种细胞设置blank、Raji(3E4)、Rituximab(Selleck,A2009,100ng/ml)、Raji+Rituximab四种刺激条件,置于培养箱1h。随后加入Brefeldin A(Invitrogen,00-4506-51,1x)和Monensin(Invitrogen,00-4505-51,1x)以及Anti-human CD107a(Biolegend,328620),继续置于培养箱3-5h,在此过程中保持各组的反应体系一致。之后按照标准流式染色方案,加入Anti-human CD56(Biolegend,362508)和7-AAD进行染色。上机检测并分析数据。
实施例1 CD16突变体的设计
鉴于CD16脱落会形成对NK细胞等表达它的细胞的ADCC功能的负调控,在长期的细胞和抗体药物治疗过程中弱化药效。为了克服这种负调控信号的作用,申请人分析了ADAM17的分子结构(图2),以及ADAM17剪切肽链的分子机制。针对CD16和ADAM17的酶活性口袋区的结合方式,设计了三种CD16的构象突变体。预期中,这三种突变体都不会被ADAM17剪切。
经过实验,申请人证实了这三种CD16突变体确实可以抵抗ADAM17的剪切,并且能增强表达它们的NK92细胞株的ADCC能力。
与该领域已报道的CD16突变体CD16-F176V-S197P(阳性对照,PC)(F176V是天然存在的CD16高亲和力突变体)采用的点突变策略相比,申请人设计的三个突变体:
CD16-F176V-V196_S197insP(Mut1),
CD16-F176V-S197_T198insP(Mut2),和
CD16-F176V-V196_S197insP-V197_T198insP(Mut3),
采用的是将与ADAM17口袋区需要的极性特征相反的氨基酸P插入到CD16与ADAM17结合的S197的一侧或两侧的设计。
实验结果证明了这样的思路确实起到了预设的功能。
实施例2 CD16突变体能够实现对ADAM17切割的抵抗
将野生型CD16(WT)、已报道的阳性对照CD16突变体(PC)以及申请人设计的三个CD16突变体,通过γ-逆转录病毒载体在NK92细胞系中实现过表达。
为了验证ADAM17对这些突变体是否有剪切作用,设置了4种实验条件G1-G4(表1)。其中,PMA/Ionomycin混合物用于活化NK92细胞,TAPI-1是ADAM17的小分子抑制剂。
表1 ADAM17切割实验分组设计
G1 | G2 | G3 | G4 | |
PMA/Ionomycin | - | - | + | + |
TAPI-1(20μM) | - | + | - | + |
可以看到(图3,A),对于野生型CD16(WT),在未活化状态下(G1,G2),NK92细胞表达较高水平的CD16;在PMA/Ionomycin的作用下,NK细胞被活化,同时CD16的表达水平明显降低(G3);在加入TAPI-1后,ADAM17的活性被抑制,CD16的表达又恢复到正常水平(G4)。
以上实验结果表明,野生型CD16(WT)在活化的NK92细胞中可以被ADAM17特异性地剪切。与野生型CD16(WT)相比,阳性对照(PC)以及本发明的3个突变体(Mut1、Mut2、Mut3)能够很好地实现对ADAM17切割的抵抗(图3,B-E)。
实施例3 CD16突变体能够实现对ADAM17切割的抵抗
为了进一步验证本发明的CD16突变体是否具备介导ADCC的功能,检测了各组细胞在不同刺激条件下CD107a(NK92活化的标志)的表达情况。
可以看到(图4),在只有Raji细胞或Rituximab(靶向CD20的单抗)存在的情况下,各组NK92细胞均不能被有效活化;而当Raji细胞和Rituximab同时存在的情况下,NK92细胞被活化从而表达CD107a。和阳性对照(PC)一样,本发明的三个CD16突变体可以抵抗ADAM17的剪切,从而能更好的介导ADCC,对NK92细胞的活化也更强烈。
以上实验结果表明,本发明的三个CD16突变均能介导更强的ADCC作用。
在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考,就如同每一篇文献被单独引用作为参考那样。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
序列表
<110> 星奕昂(上海)生物科技有限公司
<120> 增强细胞功能的CD16抗剪切突变体
<130> P2022-0624
<160> 5
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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Claims (17)
1.一种CD16突变体,其特征在于,所述CD16突变体在对应于野生型CD16的
以下位点发生氨基酸残基的突变:在野生型CD16的V196和S197位点间和/或S197和T198位点间发生一个或多个氨基酸的插入;其中,所述一个或多个氨基酸的插
入包括一个或多个脯氨酸的插入;所述的CD16突变体选自下组:
(1) CD16-F176V-V196_S197insP,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO. 3所示,
(2) CD16-F176V-S197_T198insP,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO. 4所示,和
(3) CD16-F176V-V196_S197insP-V197_T198insP,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO. 5所示。
2.如权利要求1所述的CD16突变体,其特征在于,所述野生型CD16的氨基酸
序列如SEQ ID NO. 1所示。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的CD16突变体,其特征在于,与野生型CD16多肽相
比,CD16突变体显示减小的对ADAM17介导的脱落的敏感性。
4.如权利要求1所述的CD16突变体,其特征在于,与野生型CD16多肽相比,
CD16突变体对ADAM17切割是抗性的。
5.一种融合蛋白,其特征在于,所述融合蛋白由如权利要求1-4中任一项所述
的CD16突变体和非CD16突变体的功能部分组成,所述非CD16功能部分为Fc片段,
所述Fc片段选自:人IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4的Fc片段。
6.一种融合蛋白,其特征在于,所述融合蛋白由如权利要求1-4中任一项所述
的CD16突变体和非CD16突变体的功能部分组成,所述非CD16功能部分选自下组:
人血清白蛋白(HSA);
6His标签。
7.一种多核苷酸,其特征在于,所述多核苷酸编码如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的CD16突变体或如权利要求5或6所述的融合蛋白。
8. 一种表达载体,其特征在于,所述表达载体包含如权利要求7所述的多核苷酸。
9.一种细胞,其特征在于,所述细胞包含如权利要求8所述的表达载体,或所
述细胞的基因组整合有如权利要求7所述的多核苷酸。
10.如权利要求9所述的细胞,其特征在于,所述细胞为自然杀伤(NK)细胞、
中性粒细胞、单核细胞、T细胞、巨噬细胞、人诱导多能性干细胞(hiPSC)。
11.如权利要求9所述的细胞,其特征在于,所述细胞为免疫细胞。
12.如权利要求10所述的细胞,其特征在于,所述NK细胞为从人诱导多能性干细胞(hiPSC)来源的NK细胞,或从外周血或脐带血诱导或扩增获得的NK细胞。
13. 如权利要求9所述的细胞,其特征在于,所述细胞为自然杀伤(NK)细胞,并且与表达包含如SEQ ID NO. 1所示的氨基酸序列的CD16多肽的NK细胞相比,所述NK细胞显示选自以下的一种或多种特征:
(a) 增加的抗肿瘤能力;
(b) 增加的抗病毒能力;
(c) 提高的抗体依赖性细胞细胞毒性;
(d) 增加的IFNγ或TNFα产生;
(e) 增加的CD16介导的活性;
(f) 更高的CD16表面水平;
(g) 增强的细胞刺激;和
(h) 增加的体内抗癌活性。
14. 一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包含如权利要求1-4中任
一项所述的CD16突变体、如权利要求5或6所述的融合蛋白、或如权利要求9-13中
任一项所述的细胞与药学上可接受的载体。
15.一种增强哺乳动物细胞中ADCC活性的体外方法,其特征在于,包括将如
权利要求7所述的多核苷酸引入细胞。
16. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的CD16突变体、如权利要求5或6所述的融合
蛋白或如权利要求9-13中任一项所述的细胞在制备用于治疗个体的疾病的药物中
的用途,所述疾病选自下组:淋巴瘤、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、多发性骨髓瘤、肾癌、胰腺癌、黑色素瘤、甲状腺癌、脑肿瘤、皮肤癌、前列腺癌、
卵巢癌、宫颈癌、头颈癌、膀胱癌,或其组合。
17.如权利要求16所述的用途,其特征在于,所述疾病选自下组:淋巴瘤、卵巢癌,或其组合。
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