CN116944285A - A straightening device and straightening method for long guide rails with complex cross-sections - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections, and belongs to the field of straightening. It includes a pressure-applying mechanism: a pressure head capable of pressing down to straighten the maximum deflection position of the guide rail alignment surface on the pressure-applying platform; a transport mechanism: transporting the guide rail to the pressure-applying platform of the pressure-applying mechanism. ; Deflection detection mechanism: detects the deflection of the current alignment surface of the guide rail to obtain at least one maximum deflection position; positioning mechanism: detects the conveying distance of the guide rail on the conveying mechanism, and controls the conveying mechanism of the guide rail accordingly so that the maximum deflection position is conveyed to the construction site in sequence. On the pressing platform; flip mechanism: flip the guide rail so that multiple planes of the guide rail are turned upward in sequence as the alignment surface. The straightening device of this application has a compact overall structure and can realize automatic straightening of long guide rails. The alignment process separates the deflection detection and pressure action, which can effectively improve the alignment accuracy, while reducing manual input and reducing labor intensity.

Description

A straightening device and straightening method for long guide rails with complex cross-sections

Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of straightening linear guide rails, and specifically designs a straightening device for long guide rails.

Background technique

The straightening of linear guide rails in most companies is generally manual. A feeler gauge is used to measure the curvature of the guide rail, and then the press is manually controlled to provide pressure, and the amount of pressure is controlled through experience for alignment. The disadvantage of this production method is the intensity of manual labor. Large, the accuracy depends on the experience of workers, and the alignment accuracy and work efficiency cannot be guaranteed.

The patent document of Chinese Patent No. 201510452032. It is guaranteed that this device is suitable for straightening workpieces of moderate length and moderate weight.

The patent document of Chinese Patent No. 201811487737.5 discloses a fully automatic guide rail straightening machine. The feature is that the relative position accuracy of the pressure points and support points of the device is guaranteed, and the pressure can be fine-tuned. However, it requires manual measurement and marking of the workpiece. and install adjustments.

The patent document of Chinese Patent No. 201811137563. The remaining sides need to be manually flipped and adjusted.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a straightening device for long guide rails based on the above-mentioned existing technology, so as to reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve the straightening accuracy.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections, including: a pressure applying mechanism: a pressure head capable of pressing down, and the maximum deflection of the guide rail straightening surface on the pressure applying platform The position is pressed and straightened; the conveying mechanism: transports the guide rail to the pressure platform of the pressure applying mechanism; the deflection detection mechanism: detects the deflection of the current alignment surface of the guide rail to obtain at least one maximum deflection position; the positioning mechanism: detects the position of the guide rail when The conveying distance on the conveying mechanism is used to control the conveying mechanism of the guide rail so that the maximum deflection position is conveyed to the pressure platform in sequence; flipping mechanism: flipping the guide rail causes multiple planes of the guide rail to be flipped upwards in turn as alignment surfaces.

As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the pressure platform of the pressure application mechanism is docked with the conveying mechanism. A pair of guide blocks is provided on the pressure application platform. A guide rail inlet is formed between the two guide blocks. The conveying mechanism faces the application mechanism. The pressure platform conveys the guide rail, and the guide rail is guided to the pressure platform through the guide rail inlet and can be positioned just at the pressure application position.

As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, a detection platform is provided on one side of the conveying mechanism. The deflection detection mechanism is arranged relative to the detection platform. The guide rail is placed flat on the detection platform. The deflection detection mechanism detects the alignment surface of the guide rail relative to the detection platform. To detect the deflection of the platform, the detection platform can support the entire length of the guide rail to avoid interference in the deflection detection of the guide rail due to gravity.

As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the deflection detection mechanism includes a resistance-free pneumatic movement slider, a transverse plate, a first probe, and a second probe. The horizontal plate is arranged on the resistance-free pneumatic movement slider. on the horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate can move up and down. The first probe and the second probe are both arranged on the horizontal plate. The resistance-free pneumatic movement slider hovers on the detection platform and can move along the detection platform. The detection platform slides in the extension direction. When the guide rail is placed flat on the detection platform, the first probe is used to measure the distance between the first probe and the detection platform, and the second probe is used to measure the second probe. The distance between the probe and the guide rail alignment surface is used to obtain the full-length deflection of the guide rail alignment surface relative to the detection platform.

As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the deflection detection mechanism includes a stepper motor and a ball screw guide rail. The ball screw guide rail is arranged vertically and is fixedly connected to the resistance-free pneumatic movement slider. The horizontal plate is connected to the The slide block of the ball screw guide rail is fixedly connected, and the stepper motor acts on the ball screw guide rail to control the up and down displacement of the horizontal plate. The up and down displacement of the horizontal plate can drive the first probe and the second probe to move up and down, thereby adaptively adjusting the detection height.

As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, it also includes a pushing mechanism located on one side of the conveying mechanism for pushing the guide rail between the detection platform and the conveying mechanism. The pushing mechanism may be a cylinder, etc., and utilizes the telescopic action of the telescopic shaft to push the guide rail. It is preferred that a magnet is provided at the front end of the telescopic shaft for attracting the guide rail.

As one of the preferred embodiments of this application, the positioning mechanism is arranged relative to the conveying mechanism, and a laser rangefinder is used as a displacement sensor to measure the initial position of the guide rail on the conveying mechanism and the displacement distance of the guide rail relative to the initial position. Based on this, the conveying mechanism's conveying progress of the guide rail is controlled, and the maximum deflection position on the guide rail's alignment surface is accurately controlled to reach the pressure position of the pressure platform one by one to achieve precise pressure and alignment.

As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the flipping mechanism is arranged relative to the conveying mechanism for flipping the guide rail on the conveying mechanism to switch different alignment surfaces of the guide rail. The flipping mechanism includes a connecting rod and a flipping crank. The connecting rod It is driven (such as cylinder driven) to act on the flip crank, so that the flip crank flips and switches between the first limit state and the second limit state with the rotating shaft as the center, and the guide rail is supported on the flip crank. When the state and the second limit state are switched, the guide rail is synchronously flipped to realize the switch to the upward direction.

As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the flipping crank has a first limiting side and a first limiting plane. When the flipping crank is in the first limiting state, the first limiting side blocks the guide rail. On the outside, it limits the moving position of the guide rail on the conveyor mechanism; The flipping crank has a second limiting side and a second limiting plane. When the flipping crank (31) is in the second limiting state, the second limiting side blocks the outside of the guide rail, and when the guide rail is moved by the second limiting state, When the limit state is flipped, the second limit side and the second limit plane together support the guide rail to achieve flipping, that is, the flip crank flips from the first limit state to the second limit state, and flips from the second limit state to the third limit state. When in a limited position, the guide rail is driven to flip together.

As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, two conveying mechanisms are respectively provided in the pressure applying mechanism. The two conveying mechanisms are staggered with each other to convey the guide rails to the pressure applying platform and are aligned in a staggered manner, thereby improving work efficiency.

The alignment method based on the above-mentioned alignment device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections includes:

Step 1. Deflection detection

Place the guide rail flat on the detection platform with the alignment surface facing upward, use the full length of the first probe to measure the distance between the first probe and the detection platform, and use the full length of the second probe to measure the current alignment between the second probe and the guide rail. For the distance from the straight surface, obtain the deflection distribution of the straightening surface by measuring the difference, record and assign the curve coordinates, divide the deflection curve of the guide rail straightening surface into k straightening sections, and obtain the coordinates of the maximum deflection position of the curve corresponding to each straightening section. The abscissa represents the distance between the position with the largest deflection in the k-th curve and the end of the guide rail. The ordinate represents the deflection value corresponding to the position with the largest deflection. The abscissa is used as a signal to control the displacement of the conveying mechanism, and the ordinate is used as a signal to control the downward pressure of the pressure applying mechanism. ;

Step 2. Conveying mechanism conveying guide rail

The push mechanism is powered on and pushes the guide rail from the detection platform to the conveyor mechanism. At this time, the flip crank of the flip mechanism flips to the first limit state. The first limit side blocks the side of the guide rail. The position measuring device detects the position of the guide rail at this time. , and use this position as the initial position of the guide rail on the conveyor mechanism;

Step 3. Fixed-point transportation of guide rails

The conveying mechanism transports the guide rail to the pressure applying mechanism, and delivers the straightening sections to the pressure applying platform in turn. The abscissa corresponding to the maximum deflection position of each straightening section in the deflection curve is used as a judgment signal. When the guide rail detected by the positioning device leaves When the distance from the initial position reaches the judgment signal, the guide rail stops moving. At this time, the maximum deflection position of the current alignment section of the guide rail just reaches the pressing position of the pressure applying mechanism;

Step 4. Alignment of guide rails

When the conveyor mechanism stops each time, the pressure-applying mechanism obtains the value of the ordinate corresponding to the current maximum deflection position, and determines the alignment pressure exerted by the pressure-applying mechanism on the guide rail through the total alignment deflection and alignment pressure theoretical model. The mechanism accordingly begins to apply pressure on the guide rail;

Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 until all the alignment sections of the current alignment surface of the guide rail are applied;

Step 6. Flip the guide rail

When the final straightening section of the guide rail is transported to the pressure platform, the guide rail is separated from the flipping mechanism and all moves to the conveying mechanism on the other side. The flipping crank of the flipping mechanism flips from the first limit state to the second limit state, and then The conveying mechanism operates in reverse to allow the guide rail to return along the conveying mechanism. When the positioning mechanism detects that the guide rail returns to the initial position, the flipping mechanism flips, and the flipping crank flips from the second limit state to the first limit state, driving the guide rail at the same time. Flip and switch to the new straightening surface;

Step 7: The push mechanism pushes the flipped guide rail to the inspection platform, with the new alignment surface of the guide rail facing up. Repeat steps 1 to 5 to complete the pressure on the new alignment surface;

Step 8. Repeat steps 6 to 7 to complete the pressure application on all straightened surfaces of the guide rail.

Compared with the existing technology, the advantage of the present invention is that this application is suitable for automatic alignment of long guide rails with complex cross-sections. The main body consists of a conveying mechanism, a deflection detection mechanism, a turning mechanism, a pushing mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The overall structure is compact. It can realize automatic alignment of long guide rails. The alignment process separates the deflection detection and pressure action, which can effectively improve the alignment accuracy, while reducing manual input and reducing worker labor intensity.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the alignment device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a flow chart of the alignment of the single-sided guide rail in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a flow chart of the alignment of the left and right guide rails in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a left side view of the alignment device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is one of the schematic diagrams of the deflection detection mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is the second schematic diagram of the deflection detection mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the flipping mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a flip crank in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a working state diagram of the flipping mechanism in the left limit (first limit) in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a state diagram of the flip crank in the left limit position in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a working state diagram of the flipping mechanism in the right limit (second limit) in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a diagram showing a state in which the flip crank is in the right limit position in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention. The textual description in this embodiment corresponds to the accompanying drawings, and the description related to the orientation is also based on the description of the accompanying drawings, and should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention.

This embodiment takes a guide rail with four sides as an example to describe the alignment device in detail. By applying pressure to all four sides of the guide rail (at 90° to each other), the straightness of the guide rail is effectively improved.

The straightening equipment for long guide rails with complex cross-sections includes: pressure mechanism 1; on the left and right sides of the pressure mechanism 1, a conveying mechanism, a deflection detection mechanism, a turning mechanism, a pushing mechanism, and a positioning mechanism are symmetrically provided. The conveying mechanisms are respectively the left conveying mechanism 2 and the right conveying mechanism 13; the deflection detection mechanism includes a detection platform and detection instruments, which are a left detection platform 3 and a left detection instrument 4 respectively; a right detection platform 12 and a right detection instrument 11; the flipping mechanism includes two The groups are respectively the left flipping mechanism group 6 and the right flipping mechanism group 8; the pushing mechanism also includes two groups, each group of four devices moves together, namely the left pushing mechanism group 7 and the right pushing mechanism group 9; the positioning mechanism is respectively They are the left positioning mechanism 5 and the right positioning mechanism 10 .

Taking the left side as an example, the connection relationship between different mechanisms: the left conveying mechanism 2 and the bottom support part of the pressure mechanism 1 are welded together, the left conveying mechanism 2 uses a conveying roller to convey the guide rail, and the left flipping mechanism 6 needs to ensure its cylinder action trajectory It does not interfere with the left conveying mechanism 2 and meets the left and right limit requirements of the flip crank 31. A guide block is provided on the pressure application platform of the pressure application device 1 to achieve centering of the guide rail so that the guide rail can be exactly in the pressing position after reaching the pressure application platform. The bottom support square steel of the left conveying mechanism 2 and the left detection platform 3 is welded together. The left detection platform 3 is located on one side of the left conveying mechanism 2, and its extending direction is consistent with the guide rail conveying direction of the left conveying mechanism 2. The left push mechanism group 7 is welded with the bottom square steel of the left conveyor mechanism 2. The left push mechanism group 7 is located on the other side of the left conveyor mechanism 2. There are four groups of push cylinders in total. The front ends of the cylinders are equipped with magnetic blocks for pushing. Attract the guide rail.

Structure of the mechanism: The mechanism settings on the left and right sides of the pressure exerting mechanism 1 are consistent. The mechanism on the left is taken as an example for a detailed introduction below.

The main structure of the left detection instrument 4 (left deflection detection mechanism): the stepper motor 14 is connected to the cross coupling 15 to transmit power to the ball screw guide rail 16, so that the slider on the ball screw guide rail 16 drives the horizontal plate 19 to move up and down . The horizontal plate connector 18 is fixed on the horizontal plate 19 through the horizontal plate screws 17 . The resistance-free pneumatic movement slider 20 selects the Swiss KUNZ straightness measuring instrument series. The first probe 21 and the second probe 23 are connected to the measurement software XPRO-K4. The hexagonal head bolt 24 can tighten or loosen the probe holder 22. Use To adjust the height of the probe relative to the guide rail and left detection platform 3. The probe base 22 is fixed on the horizontal board connector 18 through the probe base screws 25 .

The left detection instrument 4 pneumatically hovers on the marble plate of the left detection platform 3 by means of the resistance-free pneumatic movement slider 20, using the marble plate with a straight supporting surface as the detection platform. Due to the restrictions on the side of the left detection platform 3, it can only move along the length direction of the detection platform. The first probe 21 of the detection instrument measures the distance on the upper surface of the guide rail, and the second probe 23 measures the distance on the marble plate. The actual bending deflection of the upper surface (alignment surface) of the guide rail is obtained through the difference between the two. On marble slabs with extremely high flatness, the bending caused by the guide rail's own gravity can be effectively avoided. The distance measurement difference can effectively eliminate the influence of the uneven base and improve the accuracy of detection.

The main structure of the left positioning mechanism 5: the sensor adjustment frame 27 adjusts the laser rangefinder displacement sensor 26 to a suitable height, and the supporting square steel 28 is welded on the outside of the left conveying mechanism 2. The laser rangefinder displacement sensor 26 measures the conveying distance of the guide rail on the left conveyor mechanism 2. This distance can be used to judge whether the guide rail is conveyed in place, thereby ensuring that the maximum deflection position of each straightening section of the guide rail stops under the pressure platform. pressure.

The basic principle of the left flipping device group 6 is the crank slider. The cylinder 29 is the equivalent slider and is the driving part. The connecting rod 30 connects the cylinder 29 and the flipping crank 31. The pad 32 ensures the eccentricity. The supporting square steel 34 supports the bottom plate 33 to fix it. Position of cylinder and spacer 32. Since the crank slider has a dead center position, it is necessary to limit the rotation of the flip crank 31 to prevent it from reaching the dead center. Two pins are provided. When the pins hit the bearing seat connecting screw, the flip crank 31 will stop rotating to realize the limiting function. The flip crank 31 is turned to the first limit side (X1) of the left limit, and turned to the second limit side (X3) of the right limit. The first limit side (X1) and the second limit side (X3) are ) must be greater than or equal to the distance between the two guide blocks in the pressure exerting mechanism 1. The support surface of the guide rail between the first limit plane of the left limit (X2) and the second limit plane of the right limit (X4) must be lower than the outer ring of the roller of the left conveyor mechanism 2. This method ensures that the guide rail is in the left conveyor mechanism. 2 will not be disturbed by the flipping crank 31 when moving upward, and can be flipped at a specific position.

Guide rail alignment method based on the above alignment device

Place guide rail a on the left detection platform 3 on the left side. The four sides of guide rail a are a1, a2, a3 and a4 respectively. The guide rail b is placed on the right detection platform 12 on the right side, and the four sides are b1, b2, b3, and b4 respectively.

Before starting, adjust the deflection detection mechanism first, and adjust the first probe and the second probe to the appropriate positions to facilitate the detection of the guide rail alignment surface and the marble surface.

First test. The left detection instrument 4 moves axially, and the second probe 23 detects the entire length of the guide rail a to obtain the distance between the second probe 23 and the upper surface of the guide rail. The first probe 21 measures the distance between the probe and the marble slab, and obtains the deflection distribution on the upper surface of the guide rail through the difference. The software records and assigns the curve coordinates. In the same way, the right detection instrument 11 detects the guide rail b1. Divide the deflection curve of the guide rail into k segments, one segment every 200mm as much as possible, to obtain the coordinates of the maximum deflection position in each segment of the curve. The abscissa represents the distance from the point with the largest deflection in the k-th segment of the curve to the end point, and the ordinate represents the maximum deflection value. . The abscissa is used as a signal to control the displacement of the conveying mechanism, and the ordinate is used as a signal to control the pressure of the pressure applying mechanism 1.

Move to the second step. After the inspection, the left push mechanism group 7 is powered on, and the electromagnet at the front end of the cylinder attracts the guide rail and pulls it to the roller of the left conveyor mechanism 2, and stops at the left limit point of the left flip mechanism group 6. At this time, the side of the guide rail is in contact with the left The first limiting side (X1) of the flip crank 31 is in plane contact, the left pushing mechanism group 7 is powered off, and the left positioning mechanism 5 measures the position of the guide rail at this time, which is used as the initial position of the guide rail.

The third step forward. The left conveying mechanism 2 conveys the guide rail to the pressure platform of the pressure applying mechanism 1, and the abscissa of the maximum deflection position measured by the left deflection detecting mechanism 4 is used as a judgment signal. When the left positioning mechanism 5 measures that the distance between the guide rail and the initial position is equal to When this judgment signal occurs, the guide rail stops moving. At this time, the maximum deflection position of the k-th section of the guide rail a stops at the pressing position of the pressure applying mechanism 1.

The fourth step is pressing. Each time the left conveying mechanism 2 stops, the pressure applying mechanism 1 obtains the value of the ordinate of the maximum deflection position, and then determines the magnitude of the alignment pressure through the existing theoretical model of total alignment deflection and alignment pressure. Pressure mechanism 1 starts to pressurize the guide rail.

The fifth step is to retreat. When the last straightening section of the guide rail is pressed, the flip crank 31 of the left flip mechanism group 6 flips from the left limit state to the right limit state. After that, the motor of the left conveyor mechanism 2 reverses, so that the guide rail is conveyed along the left Mechanism 2 returns to the original route, away from pressure mechanism 1.

Turn over in step six. When the left positioning mechanism 5 detects that the guide rail returns to the initial position, the left flip mechanism group 6 moves, the flip crank 31 flips from the right limit state to the left limit state, the flip crank 31 rotates 90°, and at the same time drives the guide rail to flip 90 °, at this time the upward surface of the guide rail changes from a1 to a2.

The seventh move. At this time, the left pushing mechanism group 7 is powered on and pushes the guide rail to move to the left detection platform 3. Repeat steps one to five to start the alignment process of the new alignment facing a2.

When guide rail a completes the fifth step, guide rail b begins to enter the alignment process of b1.

The specific alignment process of the left and right guide rails is: apply pressure on side a1, measure on side b1; apply pressure on side b1, measure on side a2; apply pressure on side a2, measure on side b2; apply pressure on side b2, measure on side a3; apply pressure on side a3 , measure on surface b3; apply pressure on surface b3, measure on surface a4; apply pressure on surface a4, measure on surface b4; apply pressure on surface b4, replace guide rail a and replace it with aa to measure aa1.

The above embodiments have the following characteristics:

1. The embodiment applies pressure to all four sides of the guide rail, effectively improving the straightness of the guide rail.

2. Each surface of the guide rail to be aligned needs to go through the alignment process, which is divided into seven steps: measuring → moving → advancing → pressing → retreating → turning → moving.

3. This embodiment can simultaneously straighten two guide rails from the left and right sides respectively, but only one guide rail is allowed to exist in the pressure application area. The left and right guide rails are staggered and are pressure-aligned at the pressure application mechanism 1. At the beginning, guide rails a and b are placed on the left and right detection platforms respectively. When guide rail a is applying pressure, guide rail b detects and waits on the right detection platform; when guide rail a leaves the pressure area and returns to the detection area, guide rail b Enter the pressure zone.

4. The basic principle of the flip mechanism is to use the crank slider as the active part to drive the crank to rotate to realize the 90° flip of the guide rail, thereby automatically switching the alignment surface.

5. The flipping crank is preferably set in a zigzag shape, which not only ensures the realization of the flipping function, but also ensures that the guide rail will not interfere with the flipping mechanism when moving left and right.

6. The flipping crank is preferably set with a limited position to prevent the dead center position of the flipping action from causing jamming.

7. The flipping mechanism is set up relative to the conveying mechanism and placed under the roller table, which can save space and enable the flipping of long guide rails.

8. The pushing mechanism adopts the method of cylinder + electromagnet. When the electromagnet is energized, it can pull the guide rail, and when it is not energized, it can push the guide rail.

9. The deflection detection area and the pressure application area of this embodiment are separated, and the guide rail is placed on a marble slab with high flatness during deflection detection, which overcomes the bending caused by gravity and improves the alignment accuracy.

10. The deflection detection adopts dual probe mode to measure the distance between the guide rail and the detection platform respectively. The distance difference is used to express the deflection distribution of the guide rail, eliminating errors caused by uneven base.

Claims (10)

1. A straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections, characterized by: including Pressure mechanism (1): It has a pressure head that can press down to straighten the maximum deflection position of the guide rail alignment surface on the pressure application platform; Transport mechanism (2): transport the guide rail to the pressure platform of the pressure application mechanism (1); Deflection detection mechanism (4): detects the deflection of the current alignment surface of the guide rail to obtain at least one maximum deflection position; Positioning mechanism (5): detects the conveying distance of the guide rail on the conveying mechanism (2), and controls the conveying mechanism to convey the guide rail accordingly so that the maximum deflection position is conveyed to the pressure platform in sequence; Flip mechanism (6): Flip the guide rail so that multiple planes of the guide rail are turned upwards in sequence as straightening surfaces. 2. The straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure platform of the pressure mechanism (1) is docked with the conveying mechanism (2), and on the pressure platform A pair of guide blocks is provided, and a guide rail entrance is formed between the two guide blocks. 3. The straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to claim 1, characterized in that: a detection platform (3) is provided on one side of the conveying mechanism (2), and the deflection detection mechanism (4) is opposite to the detection platform (3) Set, the guide rail is placed flat on the detection platform (3), and the deflection detection mechanism (4) detects the deflection of the guide rail alignment surface relative to the detection platform (3). 4. The straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to claim 3, characterized in that the deflection detection mechanism (4) includes a resistance-free pneumatic movement slider (20), a horizontal plate (19), a first Probe (21), second probe (23), the transverse plate (19) is arranged on the resistance-free pneumatic movement slider (20), and the transverse plate (19) can move up and down, the The first probe (21) and the second probe (23) are both arranged on the horizontal plate (18), and the resistance-free pneumatic movement slider (20) hovers on the detection platform (3). It can slide along the extension direction of the detection platform. When the guide rail is placed flat on the detection platform, the first probe (21) is used to measure the distance between the first probe (21) and the detection platform (3). The second probe (23) is used to measure the distance between the second probe (23) and the guide rail alignment surface, thereby obtaining the through-length deflection of the guide rail alignment surface relative to the detection platform. 5. The straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to claim 4, characterized in that: the deflection detection mechanism (4) includes a stepper motor (14) and a ball screw guide rail (16). The screw guide rail (16) is arranged vertically and is fixedly connected to the resistance-free pneumatic movement slider (20). The horizontal plate (19) is fixedly connected to the slider on the ball screw guide rail (16). The feed motor (14) acts on the ball screw guide rail (16) to control the up and down displacement of the horizontal plate (19). 6. The straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to claim 3, characterized in that it also includes a pushing mechanism (7) located on one side of the conveying mechanism (2) for detecting the movement of the guide rails on the detection platform (3). ) and the conveying mechanism (2). 7. The straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positioning mechanism (5) is arranged relative to the conveying mechanism (2), and a laser rangefinder is used as a displacement sensor. Measure the initial position of the guide rail on the conveyor mechanism (2) and the displacement distance of the guide rail relative to the initial position. 8. The straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flipping mechanism (6) is arranged relative to the conveying mechanism (2) and is used to flip the guide rail on the conveying mechanism (2). To switch the alignment surface, the flipping mechanism (6) includes a connecting rod (30) and a flipping crank (31). The connecting rod (30) is driven to act on the flipping crank (31), so that the flipping crank (31) The rotating shaft is centered on the first limit state and the second limit state and flips and switches between the first limit state and the second limit state. The guide rail is supported on the flip crank (31). When the first limit state and the second limit state are switched, the guide rail flips synchronously to realize the orientation. The colonel faced the switch. 9. The straightening device for long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to claim 8, characterized in that: the flipping crank (31) has a first limiting side and a first limiting plane, and when the flipping crank (31) is in In the first limiting state, the first limiting side blocks the outside of the guide rail and limits the moving position of the guide rail on the conveying mechanism; the flip crank (31) has a second limiting side and a second limiting plane. , when the flip crank (31) is in the second limiting state, the second limiting side blocks the outside of the guide rail, and the second limiting side and the second limiting plane together support the guide rail to achieve flipping. 10. A method for straightening a device for straightening long guide rails with complex cross-sections according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it includes: Step 1. Deflection detection Place the guide rail flatly on the detection platform (3) with the straightened surface facing upward, use the first probe (21) to measure the distance between the first probe (21) and the detection platform (3), and use the second probe The needle (23) measures the distance between the second probe (23) and the current alignment surface of the guide rail, obtains the deflection distribution of the alignment surface by measuring the difference, records and assigns the curve coordinates, and divides the deflection curve of the guide rail alignment surface into k segments for calibration. Straight section, the coordinates of the curve corresponding to the maximum deflection position in each straightening section are obtained. The abscissa represents the distance between the position with the maximum deflection in the k-th section of the curve and the end point of the guide rail. The ordinate represents the deflection value corresponding to the maximum deflection position. The abscissa is used as a control The signal of the displacement of the conveying mechanism (2), the ordinate is used as the signal to control the downward pressure of the pressure applying mechanism (1); Step 2. Conveying mechanism conveying guide rail The push mechanism (7) is powered on and pushes the guide rail to the conveyor mechanism (2). At this time, the flip crank (31) of the flip mechanism (6) flips to the first limit state, and the first limit side blocks the side of the guide rail. The positioning device (5) detects the position of the guide rail at this time, and uses this position as the initial position of the guide rail on the conveying mechanism (2); Step 3. Fixed-point transportation of guide rails The conveying mechanism (2) conveys the guide rail to the pressure applying mechanism (1), and conveys the straightening sections to the pressure applying platform in turn. The abscissa corresponding to the maximum deflection position of each straightening section in the deflection curve is used as a judgment signal. When the position is measured When the distance of the guide rail from the initial position detected by the device (5) reaches the judgment signal, the guide rail stops moving. At this time, the maximum deflection position of the current straightening section of the guide rail just reaches the pressing position of the pressure applying mechanism (1); Step 4. Alignment of guide rails Each time the conveying mechanism (2) stops, the pressure applying mechanism (1) obtains the value of the ordinate corresponding to the current maximum deflection position, and determines the pressure of the pressure applying mechanism (1) through the theoretical model of the total alignment deflection and alignment pressure. The straightening pressure exerted by the guide rail, the pressure-applying mechanism (1) starts to apply pressure on the guide rail accordingly; Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 until all the alignment sections of the current alignment surface of the guide rail are applied; Step 6. Flip the guide rail When the final straightening section of the guide rail is transported to the pressure platform, the guide rail is separated from the turning mechanism (6), and all move to the conveying mechanism on the other side. The turning crank (31) of the turning mechanism (6) changes from the first limit state Flip to the second limit state, and then the conveyor mechanism (2) operates in reverse to allow the guide rail to return along the conveyor mechanism (2). When the positioning mechanism (5) detects that the guide rail returns to the initial position, the flip mechanism (6) Flip, the flip crank (31) flips from the second limit state to the first limit state, and at the same time drives the guide rail to flip, switching to a new alignment surface; Step 7. The pushing mechanism (7) pushes the flipped guide rail to the detection platform (3), with the new alignment surface of the guide rail facing up. Repeat steps one to five to complete the pressure on the new alignment surface; Step 8. Repeat steps 6 to 7 to complete the pressure application on all straightened surfaces of the guide rail.