CN116906028B - Real-time imaging acquisition control system of wall of a well supersound - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ground stress measurement, in particular to a well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition control system. The system of the invention comprises: an upper packer, a fracturing section and a lower packer; the acoustic device of the fracturing section comprises: the device comprises an inner waterway pipeline, N energy converters, an energy converter fixing frame, a spiral reciprocating screw rod, a lantern body and an acoustic window shell; n transducers are fixed on the transducer fixing frame, and the probe emitting surface of each transducer is arranged towards the sound-transmitting window shell; the transducer fixing frame is nested on the spiral reciprocating screw rod between the inner waterway pipeline and the sound-transmitting window shell; the spiral reciprocating screw drives N transducers of the transducer fixing frame to rotate around the well circumference and drives each transducer to reciprocate up and down; the upper packer and the lower packer are communicated with an inner waterway pipeline of the fracturing section; and injecting water to the upper packer and the lower packer through the inner waterway pipeline, so that the upper packer and the lower packer are tightly abutted against the inner side of the well wall to fix the position of the system.

Description

A well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of geostress measurement, and relates to a well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system.

Background technique

During the fracturing process of the formation, the distribution of formation fractures will change in real time. However, existing technologies (impression orientation technology, traditional ultrasonic imaging logging, etc.) cannot monitor the formation fracturing effect in real time, and as the depth increases, the defects of the existing technologies become more and more obvious, and the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results are compromised. Very seriously affected. According to the actual needs of the fracturing environment and based on the principle of ultrasonic imaging testing, a storage type ultrasonic real-time detection device for hydraulic fracturing-induced cracks was developed.

The Chinese invention with the publication number CN115773103A discloses an ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system for pressure fracturing-induced cracks. The technical solution is to detect pressure through a pressure sensor and start or stop the signal receiving module when the pressure reaches a set threshold. Receive the ultrasonic echo signal reflected by the crack. This technical solution only solves the problem of monitoring fractures induced by pressure fracturing during underground operations, but in fact, the underground conditions are complex and changeable, and the need for real-time measurement of the well wall is also crucial. This technical solution is limited in its detection around the well wall. To achieve comprehensive real-time monitoring around the well wall, more ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control systems are needed.

At present, most of the existing conventional instruments have two probes, but only one probe is selected to work, and different probes are switched to work for different well diameters. This means that one probe will not be able to monitor the well wall comprehensively and in real time.

The Chinese invention with publication number CN107830961A discloses an ultrasonic dynamic imaging device and system for fractures induced by underground hydraulic fracturing. When used, the driving mechanism can drive the ultrasonic probe to move in the pipe body along the axial and/or circumferential motion of the pipe body. , the ultrasonic probe can send and receive ultrasonic signals that can pass through the sound-transparent window, and the situation of induced cracks in the well wall can be obtained through ultrasonic imaging technology. However, the device has a complex structure and low imaging efficiency. The actual work is also a probe, which is easily affected by random noise and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and propose a well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system to conduct real-time monitoring of the various spatial orientations of the well wall and its evolution process.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

The invention proposes a well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system. The system includes: an upper packer, a fracturing section and a lower packer; it is characterized in that the fracturing section includes: an acoustic system device; The acoustic system device includes: inner water pipe, N transceiver integrated ultrasonic transducers, lantern body, transducer holder, spiral reciprocating screw and sound-transparent window casing;

The N transducers are fixed on the transducer fixing frame;

The central opening of the transducer holder is nested between the inner water pipe and the sound-transmitting window shell; the outer ring of the central opening has a hole for nesting the transducer holder on the spiral reciprocating screw;

The transducer holder and the spiral reciprocating screw are fixed on the lantern body. While the lantern body drives the transducer holder and the spiral reciprocating screw to rotate, the spiral reciprocating screw drives the transducer holder to reciprocate up and down. sports;

The lantern frame includes longitudinal ribs arranged intermittently, and gaps are formed between adjacent longitudinal ribs;

The probe emitting surface of each transducer is placed toward the sound-transmitting window shell, and at the same time follows the transducer fixed frame to reciprocate up and down along the gap formed between adjacent longitudinal bones;

The upper packer and the lower packer are connected with the inner water pipeline of the fracturing section;

When the system is placed in the well, water is injected into the upper and lower packers through the inner water pipes, so that the upper and lower packers are pressed against the inside of the well wall to fix the position of the system.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the N transducers are evenly surrounded on the transducer fixed frame; each rotation N transducers complete a week of 360° real-time imaging signal collection.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the fracturing section also includes: a driving device; the driving device includes: a motor and a planetary reducer;

The motor transmits power to the lantern body through the planetary reducer, the lantern body drives the transducer fixed frame to rotate, and the transducer fixed frame drives the spiral reciprocating screw to rotate;

An intermittent mechanism is evenly arranged on the spiral reciprocating screw, and the intermittent mechanism controls the reciprocating rise or fall of the transducer holder.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the fracturing section also includes: a control device; the control device includes: a motor drive plate;

The motor drive board is used to control the motor;

The motor driving plate is covered with an air bag, and the air bag is connected to the sound system device and is used to keep the internal and external pressure of the sound system device consistent.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, when the position of the system is fixed, there is a gap between the fracturing section and the inside of the well wall, and water is injected into the gap between the fracturing section and the inside of the well wall through the inner water pipe, and the fracturing section After the space between it and the inside of the well wall is filled with water, the N transducers rotate around the well circumference and reciprocate up and down to achieve full coverage monitoring of the well wall.

As one of the improvements to the above technical solution, a collection control circuit is provided inside the lower packer for collecting, processing and storing the data of each transducer.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the space between the inner water pipe and the sound-transmitting window shell is filled with silicone oil through an oil filling valve.

As one of the improvements of the above technical solution, the system also includes: a signal acquisition and processing circuit cabin and a battery cabin, which are equipped with a signal acquisition and processing circuit and a power supply for processing the data in and out of each transducer, and for processing data in and out of each transducer. The system provides power.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

1. The borehole wall acoustic acquisition system can obtain dynamic images of the spatial orientation of fractures and their evolution during the in-situ stress measurement process, and can greatly improve detection efficiency;

2. The fracturing section of the ultrasonic real-time imaging device is an ultrasonic scanning sound system structure, and the acquisition control circuit skeleton is placed inside the lower packer without water leakage. The entire test process data is collected and stored to achieve mid-pressure control during the fracturing process. Live imaging of cracks.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the fracturing section;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the actual installation of borehole wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control;

Figure 4 is a diagram of the transducer fixing frame device;

Figure 5(a), Figure 5(b) and Figure 5(c) are the left, front and right views of the lantern body respectively;

Figure 6 is a flow chart of probe signal processing in the circuit system.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figure 1, it is the structural diagram of the well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system; as shown in Figure 2, it is the schematic diagram of the fracturing section; the acoustic system part structure of this ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system for pressure fracturing induced fractures: With the central rod of the fracturing section as the axis, a spiral reciprocating screw is deployed to drive 8 ring array ultrasonic transducers to cycle up and down to perform a 360° periodic scanning motion. The motor and motor drive board are connected to the sound system part to drive the sound system part to rotate, and at the same time, rubber is tied on the outside to achieve the pressure balance function.

Work flow: Under certain pressure conditions, the circuit system drives the motor to work. Driven by the motor, 8 ring array ultrasonic transducers scan the well wall of the fracturing section in a spiral reciprocating manner. At the same time, the circuit system stores the data collected during the fracturing process and reads the scanned fracturing section after the equipment is raised to the ground. The well wall data is played back by the imaging processing software, and the imaging is displayed in a 360° direction around the well according to the arrival time and amplitude of the wave train, achieving real-time imaging of the fractures during the fracturing process. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the actual installation of the well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control; Figure 4 is a diagram of the transducer holder installation; Figure 6 is a flow chart of probe signal processing in the circuit system.

Eight ultrasonic transducers are evenly distributed on the same plane, and the angle between adjacent transducers is 45°. The probe signal processing flow chart in the circuit system is shown in Figure 6:

Advantages of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention:

(1) Advantages of using 8 ultrasound probes: First, it reduces random noise interference, improves the signal-to-noise ratio on average through 8 sets of data, and improves imaging resolution. Second, every 45° rotation can form a 360° real-time imaging rendering, which improves the real-time performance of imaging.

(2) A device that can coordinate the hydraulic fracturing process and the ultrasonic detection process to obtain dynamic images of the entire process of induced crack formation, expansion, and closure, truly realizing real-time imaging.

The ultrasonic transducer and the rotating mechanical structure are arranged in an annular space filled with silicone oil between the high-pressure waterway and the outer wall of the sound-transparent window cavity. This eliminates the need to consider the high-pressure sealing of the transducer and the rotating mechanical structure. The mechanical structure driven by the motor should realize the up and down reciprocating motion of the transducer while rotating around the well. The motor transmits the power to the lantern body through the planetary reducer, as shown in Figure 5(a), Figure 5(b) and Figure 5(c) ), respectively, are the left view, front view and right view of the lantern body; the lantern body transmits power to the transducer fixed frame, and the transducer fixed frame drives the probe base and reciprocating screw pair to rotate, and the probe rotates once , driving the intermittent mechanism on the reciprocating screw to control the spiral upward or downward. The sound system device of this ring structure is connected to the pressure balance device (air bag) of the circuit skeleton shell, which can keep the internal and external pressure of the ring structure consistent. In some gas well environments, high-pressure gas downhole will enter the sound-transparent circular tube. When the external pressure of the instrument out of the well is reduced, the pressure in the annular space will not be balanced with the outside due to the presence of gas, causing damage to the sound-transparent circular tube. To avoid this damage, a vent valve is used to vent the gas in the annular space. The electrical connection between the rotating part and the fixed part in the sound system structure uses a slip ring. In the environment of high-pressure oil, the contacts of the slip ring require special treatment. There will be a large pressure difference between the high-pressure oil and the pressure-bearing circuit compartment, and the electrical connection between them uses a single-core sealing plug assembly. The oil filling valve is used to fill or drain the inner cavity with oil. The circuit compartment is used to place necessary circuit boards and related electrical components. The motion trajectory of the probe in space is a reciprocating spiral. Due to the fast rotation speed of the probe, the spiral arrangement is very dense. To a certain extent, it can be considered as a circular scan.

The thin layer of the "sound-transmitting window" is to solve the pressure resistance problem of the ultrasonic imaging detection device in the fracturing section. A pressure balancing device made of soft rubber is added to the design. Silicone oil is injected into the sound-transmitting cavity and the pressure balancing device. They are interconnected, so that when the external pressure increases, the pressure inside the cavity also increases simultaneously, achieving the purpose of resisting high pressure through internal and external pressure balance. At the same time, the acoustic characteristics and thickness of the sound-transparent window must be reasonably designed so that the signal reflected from the well wall has a high signal-to-noise ratio and is easy to identify.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they shall all be covered by the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system, the system includes: an upper packer, a fracturing section and a lower packer; characterized in that the fracturing section includes: an acoustic system device; the acoustic system The system device includes: inner water pipe, N transceiver integrated ultrasonic transducers, lantern body, transducer holder, spiral reciprocating screw and sound-transparent window shell; The N transceiver-integrated ultrasonic transducers are fixed on the transducer fixing frame; The central opening of the transducer holder is nested between the inner water pipe and the sound-transmitting window shell; the outer ring of the central opening has a hole for nesting the transducer holder on the spiral reciprocating screw; The transducer holder and the spiral reciprocating screw are fixed on the lantern body. While the lantern body drives the transducer holder and the spiral reciprocating screw to rotate, the spiral reciprocating screw drives the transducer holder to reciprocate up and down. sports; The lantern body includes longitudinal ribs arranged intermittently, and gaps are formed between adjacent longitudinal ribs; The probe emitting surface of each transducer is placed toward the sound-transmitting window shell, and at the same time follows the transducer fixed frame to reciprocate up and down along the gap formed between adjacent longitudinal bones; The upper packer and the lower packer are connected with the inner water pipeline of the fracturing section; When the system is placed in the well, water is injected into the upper packer and lower packer through the inner water pipe, so that the upper packer and lower packer are pressed against the inside of the well wall to fix the position of the system; The N integrated transceiver ultrasonic transducers are evenly surrounding the transducer holder; each rotation N transducers complete a week of 360° real-time imaging signal collection; The fracturing section also includes: a control device; the control device includes: a motor drive plate; the motor drive plate is covered with an air bag, and the air bag is connected to the sound system device to keep the internal and external pressure of the sound system device consistent; The space between the inner water pipe and the sound-transmitting window shell is filled with silicone oil through the oil filling valve. 2. The well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the fracturing section further includes: a driving device; the driving device includes: a motor and a planetary reducer; The motor transmits power to the lantern body through the planetary reducer, the lantern body drives the transducer fixed frame to rotate, and the transducer fixed frame drives the spiral reciprocating screw to rotate; An intermittent mechanism is evenly arranged on the spiral reciprocating screw, and the intermittent mechanism controls the reciprocating rise or fall of the transducer holder. 3. The borehole wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor drive board is used to control the motor. 4. The well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the system position is fixed, there is a gap between the fracturing section and the inside of the well wall, and the inner waterway pipe is used to pass the fracturing section to the fracturing section. The gap between the fracturing section and the inside of the well wall is filled with water. After the space between the fracturing section and the inside of the well wall is filled with water, N transducers rotate around the well and reciprocate up and down to achieve full coverage monitoring of the well wall. 5. The well wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system according to claim 3, characterized in that an acquisition control circuit is provided inside the lower packer for collecting, processing and storing the data of each transducer. . 6. The borehole wall ultrasonic real-time imaging acquisition and control system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the system further includes: a signal acquisition and processing circuit cabin and a battery cabin, with a signal acquisition and processing circuit installed inside. and a power supply for processing data in and out of each transducer and for powering the system.