CN109944576A - A kind of electric pulse strengthens the device and its application method of pulsed hydraulic fracturing - Google Patents
A kind of electric pulse strengthens the device and its application method of pulsed hydraulic fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109944576A CN109944576A CN201910292271.1A CN201910292271A CN109944576A CN 109944576 A CN109944576 A CN 109944576A CN 201910292271 A CN201910292271 A CN 201910292271A CN 109944576 A CN109944576 A CN 109944576A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the devices that a kind of electric pulse strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, including downhole hydraulic pulsation generating system and electric pulse generating system;Downhole hydraulic pulsation generating system includes cylinder body, on cylinder body on offer opening, offer jet orifice on the side wall of inferior part of the cylinder block;Pressure-bearing piston, pressure-bearing spring, bearing plate and electromagnetic switch component are provided in cylinder body, pressure-bearing spring is set to the lower section of pressure-bearing piston, through-hole is offered in pressure-bearing piston, and bearing plate is set in through-hole;Electric pulse generating system includes electric pulse generator.Furthermore strengthen the method for the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing the present invention also provides a kind of application electric pulse.The device can realize low frequency, huge discharge, high intensity, thump active force " water hammer effect " be conducive to reservoir and form the big and complicated Fracture Networks structure of density, improve the permeability of reservoir suitable for the volume improvement project of coal seam reservoirs and other reservoirs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic fracturing engineering device technique fields, and in particular to a kind of electric pulse strengthens the dress of pulsed hydraulic fracturing
It sets and its application method.
Background technique
China's coal bed gas resource potentiality are big, have wide development prospect.But coal seam reservoirs have low-porosity, hyposmosis
Feature constrains the exploitation of coal bed gas large-scale commercial.Traditional stimulation technology is hydraulic fracturing, can be formed in coal seam
More roomy crack.Single fissured structure keeps hydraulic fracturing technology correctional effect in the coal bed gas well of part unobvious, cannot
Greatly improve Coalbed Methane Productivity.Mismatch between the special geological conditions of traditional stimulation technology and coal seam, which becomes, restricts coal
The technical bottleneck of layer gas industry development.Compared to country rock, mechanical strength is low in the coal seam of structural integrity, and brittleness is larger.It is sent out in experiment
Existing dynamic impact loads can form intensive Fracture Networks structure in coal seam, and fissured structure is complicated, can the primary hole of effective communication
Crack.
Pulsed hydraulic fracturing technology is the new method of current reservoir reconstruction, real by the intermittent injection fracturing fluid of reservoir
Now similar to the percussion of water hammer, using impact loading in reservoir, and then improve the Fracture Networks structure and infiltration of reservoir
Property, improve coal bed gas recovery ratio.Current pulsed hydraulic fracturing technology is limited by volume of equipment, cannot achieve single huge discharge pressure
Liquid injection is split, thus jet intensity is low, impact force is smaller, remote reservoir fracture is transformed limited.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of electric pulse reinforcing
The device and its application method of pulsed hydraulic fracturing.The device can greatly improve high-pressure fluid holding space and single fracturing fluid row
High-volume, while being aided with electroporation and improve water jet momentum, realize low frequency, huge discharge, high intensity, thump active force
" water hammer effect " it is big and complicated to be conducive to reservoir formation density suitable for the volume improvement project of coal seam reservoirs and other reservoirs
Fracture Networks structure improves the permeability of reservoir.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of electric pulse reinforcing pulsed hydraulic fracturing
Device, which is characterized in that pulse generating system and electric pulse generating system including downhole hydraulic;
Downhole hydraulic pulsation generating system includes cylinder body, on the cylinder body on offer for connecting fracturing fluid oil pipe
Opening, offer for the jet orifice by fracturing fluid on the side wall of the inferior part of the cylinder block;Pressure-bearing is provided in the cylinder body
Piston, pressure-bearing spring, bearing plate and the electromagnetic switch component for controlling bearing plate opening and closing, the pressure-bearing spring are set to pressure-bearing
The lower section of piston, the through-hole with open communication and face is offered in the pressure-bearing piston, and the bearing plate is set to described logical
In hole;
The electric pulse generating system includes being set to the intracorporal electric pulse generator of cylinder.
Above-mentioned electric pulse strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the electromagnetic switch component includes tool
There is the electromagnet of conductive winding and for controlling the touch control device for being supplied to the conductive winding electric current;The touch control
The high-voltage capacitor that device includes touch switch, is electrically connected with touch switch, and opened for control that touch switch closure is powered
Spring is closed, and makes the frizzen of touch switch open circuit power-off for touching touch switch;The touch switch and switch spring
It is set in pressure-bearing piston, one end of the switch spring is fixed in pressure-bearing piston, and the other end of the switch spring is fixed
In on touch switch;One end of the frizzen is fixed in cylinder body, the other end of the frizzen extend to pressure-bearing piston and
For touching touch switch;The electromagnet is set in through-hole.
Above-mentioned electric pulse strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that and the electromagnet is annular electromagnets,
The electromagnet is installed on through-hole wall surface;The high-voltage capacitor is rest on the ground.
Above-mentioned electric pulse strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the high-voltage capacitor passes through cable
It is connect with electric pulse generator.
Above-mentioned electric pulse strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the downhole hydraulic, which is pulsed, is
System further includes being set between oil pipe and the borehole wall for sealing the packer of pre- pressure break workshop section.
Above-mentioned electric pulse strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that is also equipped in the pressure-bearing piston
For mixing the ultrasonic probe of fracturing fluid.
Above-mentioned electric pulse strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that is fixedly connected under the bearing plate
Buoyancy plate, on the buoyancy plate and side far from electromagnetic switch component are provided with returning spring;Described returning spring one end is solid
Due on buoyancy plate, the other end of the returning spring is fixed in pressure-bearing piston.
Above-mentioned electric pulse strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the material of the bearing plate is steel
Matter.
Above-mentioned electric pulse strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the intracorporal lower part of the cylinder and face
Opening is provided with the current divider for shunting fracturing fluid;The electric pulse generator include emitter and with the emitter
The bottom plate of the receiving pole of face, the emitter and one end and cylinder body far from receiving pole connects, the receiving pole and separate hair
One end of emitter-base bandgap grading is fixedly connected on current divider.
In addition, the method that electric pulse strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing is carried out using above-mentioned apparatus the present invention also provides a kind of,
It is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Fracturing fluid enters through-hole through oil pipe and opening, and into the fracturing fluid ballast bearing plate in through-hole, bearing plate drive is held
Pressure piston motion simultaneously compresses pressure-bearing spring, and electromagnetic switch component controls bearing plate and opens, and electric pulse generating system generates shock wave
Fracturing fluid is impacted, electric pulse is formed and strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing liquid, pour reservoir through jet orifice.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, electric pulse of the invention strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing and downhole hydraulic is pulsed generating system and electric pulse
Generating system organically combines, and high-pressure fluid holding space and single fracturing fluid discharge amount greatly improved, and improves water jet momentum,
" water hammer effect " of low frequency, huge discharge, high intensity and thump active force is realized under reasonable pulse fracturing process, is fitted
For the volume improvement project of coal seam reservoirs and other reservoirs, is conducive to reservoir and forms the big and complicated Fracture Networks structure of density,
Improve the permeability of reservoir.
2, pressure-bearing spring is used for shape by the device that electric pulse of the invention strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing in conjunction with pressure-bearing piston
At pressure difference, the bearing plate in through-hole can not only insulate fracturing fluid and well fluids downhole in oil pipe, but also the starting as pressure break impact
Device, the control device being opened and closed using electromagnetic switch component as bearing plate are controlled by the ferromagnetic presence of electromagnet and disappearance
The opening and closing of bearing plate processed, it is easier to control, be more conducive to form hydraulic blow.
3, it includes ultrasonic probe that electric pulse of the invention, which is strengthened in the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, by sending out with ultrasonic wave
Raw device connects and continues to generate ultrasonic wave, and fracturing fluid is made to be in suspended state, is conducive to fracturing fluid and is uniformly mixed.
4, the apparatus structure of electric pulse of the invention reinforcing pulsed hydraulic fracturing is simple, easily operated, has and potentially answers
Use prospect.
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the device that electric pulse of the invention strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of electromagnetic switch component of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the method flow block diagram for the application method that electric pulse of the present invention strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing device.
Description of symbols
1-cylinder body;1-1-opening;1-2-spring housing;
1-3-current divider;1-4-jet orifice;1-5-through-hole;
2-pressure-bearing springs;3-pressure-bearing pistons;3-1-touch switch room;
3-2-bar room;4-oil pipes;5-bearing plates;
6-buoyancy plates;7-electromagnets;8-returning springs;
9-frizzens;10-touch switch;11-switch springs;
12-cables;13-electric pulse generators;14-high-voltage capacitors;
15-fracturing unit trucks;16-ultrasonic probes;17-packers;
18-reservoirs;19-pit shafts.
Specific embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, electric pulse of the invention strengthens the device of pulsed hydraulic fracturing, including downhole hydraulic pulsation
Generating system and electric pulse generating system;
Downhole hydraulic pulsation generating system includes cylinder body 1,1 on the cylinder body on offer for connecting fracturing fluid oil
The opening 1-1 of pipe 4 offers the jet orifice 1-4 for passing through fracturing fluid on the side wall of 1 lower part of cylinder body;In the cylinder body 1
It is provided with pressure-bearing piston 3, pressure-bearing spring 2, bearing plate 5 and the electromagnetic switch component for controlling the opening and closing of bearing plate 5, the pressure-bearing
Spring 2 is set to the lower section of pressure-bearing piston 3, offers in the pressure-bearing piston 3 and is connected to and the through-hole 1-5 of face with opening 1-1,
The bearing plate 5 is set in the through-hole 1-5;
The electric pulse generating system includes the electric pulse generator 13 being set in cylinder body 1.The pressure break being pumped into oil pipe 4
Liquid band moves bearing plate 5 and pressure-bearing piston 3 moves downward, and pressure-bearing piston 3 compresses pressure-bearing spring 2, and fracturing fluid is formed with well fluids downhole
Pressure difference.
In the present embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the electromagnetic switch component includes 7 He of electromagnet with conductive winding
For controlling the touch control device for being supplied to the conductive winding electric current;The touch control device include touch switch 10,
The high-voltage capacitor 14 being electrically connected with touch switch 10, and the switch spring 11 being powered for controlling the closure of touch switch 10, with
And make the frizzen 9 of the open circuit power-off of touch switch 10 for touching touch switch 10;The touch switch 10 and switch spring 11
Be set in pressure-bearing piston 3, one end of the switch spring 11 is fixed in pressure-bearing piston 3, the switch spring 11 it is another
End is fixed on touch switch 10;One end of the frizzen 9 is fixed in cylinder body 1, and the other end of the frizzen 9 is to pressure-bearing
Piston 3 extends and for touching touch switch 10;The electromagnet 7 is set in through-hole 1-5.Opening 1-1 is located at 1 top surface of cylinder body
At center;The touch switch room 3-1 for accommodating touch switch 10 and switch spring 11, institute are provided in the pressure-bearing piston 3
It states and is communicated with bar room 3-2 under the 3-1 of touch switch room;When pressure-bearing piston 3 moves downward, frizzen 9 is in the 3-2 of bar room and opposite
Bar room 3-2 is upwardly extended to be contacted with touch switch 10;The spring housing 1-2 for accommodating pressure-bearing spring 2 is provided in cylinder body 1;It holds
Pressure piston 3 is close to 1 inner wall of cylinder body, and pressure-bearing piston 3 is movably set in cylinder body 1.
In the present embodiment, the electromagnet 7 is annular electromagnets, and the electromagnet 7 is installed on through-hole 1-5 wall surface;Institute
High-voltage capacitor 14 is stated to rest on the ground.When the fracturing fluid being pumped into oil pipe 4 drives bearing plate 5 and pressure-bearing piston 3 to move downward
When, frizzen 9 contacts and opens touch switch 10, and touch switch 10 is opened, and electromagnet 7 is magnetic to disappear, and bearing plate 5 loses power, place
In opening state;After pressure break, pressure-bearing piston 3 is moved upwards, and frizzen 9 is far from touch switch 10, in switch spring
Under the action of 11 restoring forces, touch switch 10 is closed, and the electromagnet 7 after energization has ferromagnetism, is bonded with bearing plate 5, is made to hold
Pressing plate 5 is in closed state;The service life of electromagnetic switch component can be improved in annular electromagnets.
In the present embodiment, the high-voltage capacitor 14 is connect by cable 12 with electric pulse generator 13.High-voltage capacitor
14 can be improved electric pulse generator 13 and touch the reliability and stability of control device long-term work.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, downhole hydraulic pulsation generating system further includes being set to oil pipe 4 and the borehole wall
Between for sealing the packer 17 of pre- pressure break workshop section.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the ultrasonic wave being also equipped in the pressure-bearing piston 3 for mixing fracturing fluid is visited
First 16.Ultrasonic probe 16 is between bearing plate 5 and packer 17;Ultrasonic probe 16 is sent out with the ultrasonic wave resting on the ground
Raw device connection, supersonic generator are powered by ground power supply.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, buoyancy plate 6 is fixedly connected under the bearing plate 5, it is on the buoyancy plate 6 and remote
Side from electromagnetic switch component is provided with returning spring 8;Described 8 one end of returning spring is fixed on buoyancy plate 6, the reply
The other end of spring 8 is fixed in pressure-bearing piston 3.Buoyancy plate 6 is bonded on the lower surface of bearing plate 5, for providing bearing plate 5
Buoyancy;After pressure break, bearing plate 5 restores under 8 collective effect of buoyancy plate 6 and returning spring to closed state.
In the present embodiment, the material of the bearing plate 5 is steel material.
In the present embodiment, point for shunting fracturing fluid is provided at the lower part and face opening 1-1 in the cylinder body 1
Flow device 1-3;The electric pulse generator 13 includes emitter and the receiving pole with the emitter face, the emitter and remote
One end from receiving pole is connect with the bottom plate of cylinder body 1, and one end of the receiving pole and separate emitter is fixedly connected on current divider
On 1-3.The center line of the inner cavity of the oil pipe 4, opening 1-1, through-hole 1-5 and cylinder body 1 that protrude into prospect pit is on same straight line;
The speed that fracturing unit truck 15 is pumped into fracturing fluid is unsuitable too fast, prevents downhole hydraulic flutter generator from breaking down;Electric pulse generator
The midpoint of 13 emitter and receiving pole line is A, and the intersection point of jet orifice 1-4 center line and 1 lumen centers line of cylinder body is B, in
Point A is overlapped with intersection points B;It discharges after 14 accumulation of energy of high-voltage capacitor, between the emitter and receiving pole the two poles of the earth of electric pulse generator 13
It is breakdown, electrohydraulic effect is formed, shock wave is generated, is supplied to the kinetic energy of fracturing fluid horizontal direction, pulse fracturing fluid jet process
In, shock wave improves the impact strength of pulse fracturing fluid on pulse fracturing fluid, being supplied to pulse fracturing fluid Horizontal Impulse
And operating distance.
Electric pulse of the invention strengthens the application method of pulsed hydraulic fracturing device, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: then well cementation, well-flushing are penetrated pre- fracturing section according to design requirement with clearing up sundries in pit shaft 19
Hole;The purpose of well-flushing is to prevent sundries in pit shaft 19 from entering reservoir 18;
Step 2: selecting pressure-bearing spring 2 according to fracturing fluid pulsation pressure difference and spring-compressed coefficient;Determine that single was pulsed
Pulse electro discharge number in journey;
Step 3: oil pipe 4 is connected with opening 1-1, the packing for sealing pre- fracturing section is installed between oil pipe 4 and the borehole wall
Device 17;Electric pulse generator 13 is sent to the lower part in cylinder body 1 by oil pipe 4;
Step 4: starting fracturing unit truck 15, adjusts geostatic pressure and discharge capacity, is pumped into fracturing fluid into oil pipe 4;To high-voltage capacitance
Device 14 carries out energy storage, and ultrasonic probe 16 persistently emits ultrasonic wave, 5 top fracturing fluid of bearing plate is made to be in suspended state always;
Step 5: being pumped into fracturing fluid, fracturing fluid enters through-hole 1-5 through oil pipe 4 and opening 1-1, the pressure into through-hole 1-5
Hydraulic load bearing plate 5 is split, bearing plate 5 drives pressure-bearing piston 3 to move down, and compresses pressure-bearing spring 2, while frizzen 9 is contacted and opened
Touch switch 10, touch switch 10 are opened, and annular electromagnets 7 are magnetic to disappear, and bearing plate 5 loses magnetic attraction, and bearing plate 5 is in and beats
Open state, fracturing fluid rush at current divider 1-3, go out after current divider 1-3 shunting from jet orifice 1-4, impact reservoir 18, form water
Flat pulsed waterjet;
Step 6: ground monitoring tubing pressure reduces moment, high-voltage capacitor 14 discharges, and electric pulse generator 13 forms punching
Wave is hit, step 5 is pushed to rush at the fracturing fluid of current divider 1-3, fracturing fluid acceleration shock, 14 cycle charge-discharge of high-voltage capacitor, shape
Strengthen pulsed hydraulic fracturing liquid at electric pulse, the fracturing fluid after impacting wave impact pours reservoir 18 through jet orifice 1-4, is formed strong
Change impact;
Step 7: bearing plate 5 is moved up in the case where buoyancy plate 6 and returning spring 8 act on, frizzen 9 is far from touch switch
10, touch switch 10 is closed under the effect of 11 restoring force of switch spring, and electromagnet 7 restores magnetic force, attracts bearing plate 5, bearing plate 5
Restore to closed state, completes an electric pulse and strengthen pulsed hydraulic fracturing;
Step 8: step 4~step 7 is repeated, until bottom pressure reaches predetermined maximum frac pressure;
Step 9: deblocking packer 17, takes out oil pipe 4, downhole hydraulic pulsation generating system and electric pulse generator 13, pressure
Split end.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does any restrictions to the present invention, all according to invention skill
Art any simple modification substantially to the above embodiments, change and equivalent structural changes, still fall within the technology of the present invention
In the protection scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. the device that a kind of electric pulse strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that including downhole hydraulic pulsation generating system and
Electric pulse generating system;
The downhole hydraulic pulsation generating system includes cylinder body (1), is offered on (1) for connecting fracturing fluid oil on the cylinder body
The opening (1-1) of (4) is managed, is offered on the side wall of cylinder body (1) lower part for the jet orifice (1-4) by fracturing fluid;Institute
It states and is provided with pressure-bearing piston (3), pressure-bearing spring (2), bearing plate (5) and the electricity for controlling bearing plate (5) opening and closing in cylinder body (1)
Magnetic switch assemblies, the pressure-bearing spring (2) are set to the lower section of pressure-bearing piston (3), offer and open on the pressure-bearing piston (3)
The through-hole (1-5) of mouth (1-1) connection and face, the bearing plate (5) are set in the through-hole (1-5);
The electric pulse generating system includes the electric pulse generator (13) being set in cylinder body (1).
2. the device that electric pulse according to claim 1 strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the electromagnetic switch
Component includes having the electromagnet (7) of conductive winding and being supplied to the touch of the conductive winding electric current to control dress for controlling
It sets;The touch control device includes touch switch (10), the high-voltage capacitor (14) being electrically connected with touch switch (10), and is used
Make touch switch in the switch spring (11) that control touch switch (10) closure is powered, and for touching touch switch (10)
(10) frizzen (9) of open circuit power-off;The touch switch (10) and switch spring (11) are set in pressure-bearing piston (3), institute
The one end for stating switch spring (11) is fixed on pressure-bearing piston (3), and the other end of the switch spring (11), which is fixed on touch, to be opened
It closes on (10);One end of the frizzen (9) is fixed in cylinder body (1), and the other end of the frizzen (9) is to pressure-bearing piston
(3) extend and for touching touch switch (10);The electromagnet (7) is set in through-hole (1-5).
3. the device that electric pulse according to claim 2 strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the electromagnet
It (7) is annular electromagnets, the electromagnet (7) is installed on through-hole (1-5) wall surface;The high-voltage capacitor (14) is located at ground
On.
4. the device that electric pulse according to claim 2 strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the high-voltage capacitance
Device (14) is connect by cable (12) with electric pulse generator (13).
5. the device that electric pulse according to claim 1 strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the downhole hydraulic
Pulsation generating system further includes being set between oil pipe (4) and the borehole wall for sealing the packer (17) of pre- pressure break workshop section.
6. the device that electric pulse according to claim 1 strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the pressure-bearing piston
(3) ultrasonic probe (16) for mixing fracturing fluid is also equipped on.
7. the device that electric pulse according to claim 1 strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the bearing plate
(5) it is fixedly connected under buoyancy plate (6), on the buoyancy plate (6) and the side far from electromagnetic switch component is provided with reply bullet
Spring (8);Described returning spring (8) one end is fixed on buoyancy plate (6), and the other end of the returning spring (8) is fixed on pressure-bearing
On piston (3).
8. the device that electric pulse according to claim 1 strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the bearing plate
(5) material is steel material.
9. the device that electric pulse according to claim 1 strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the cylinder body (1)
The current divider (1-3) for shunting fracturing fluid is provided at interior lower part and face opening (1-1);The electric pulse generator
It (13) include emitter and the receiving pole with the emitter face, one end and cylinder body of the emitter and separate receiving pole
(1) one end of bottom plate connection, the receiving pole and separate emitter is fixedly connected on current divider (1-3).
10. a kind of apply device as described in claim 1 to carry out the method that electric pulse strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing, feature exists
In, this method comprises:
Fracturing fluid enters through-hole (1-5) through oil pipe (4) and opening (1-1), into the fracturing fluid ballast bearing plate in through-hole (1-5)
(5), bearing plate (5) drives pressure-bearing piston (3) to move and compresses pressure-bearing spring (2), and electromagnetic switch component control bearing plate (5) is beaten
It opens, electric pulse generating system generates shock wave and impacts fracturing fluid, forms electric pulse and strengthens pulsed hydraulic fracturing liquid, through jet orifice
(1-4) pours reservoir.
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CN112412425A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Electric pulse prefabricated crack directional hydraulic fracturing integrated method |
CN116906028A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-10-20 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Real-time imaging acquisition control system of wall of a well supersound |
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