CN109281650A - A kind of borehole wall real time imagery method based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array - Google Patents
A kind of borehole wall real time imagery method based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array Download PDFInfo
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- CN109281650A CN109281650A CN201710589583.XA CN201710589583A CN109281650A CN 109281650 A CN109281650 A CN 109281650A CN 201710589583 A CN201710589583 A CN 201710589583A CN 109281650 A CN109281650 A CN 109281650A
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- borehole wall
- phase array
- ultrasonic phase
- cylinder
- pipe nipple
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
- E21B47/18—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/005—Testing the nature of borehole walls or the formation by using drilling mud or cutting data
Abstract
A kind of borehole wall real time imagery method based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which comprises the step 1) ground controller (1) controls ultrasonic phase array probe (11) and well Instrumental along borehole axis direction uniform motion；Step 2) ultrasonic phase array probe (11) constantly emits ultrasonic wave to the borehole wall and receives the reflection echo signal from the borehole wall to borehole wall run-down in a circumferential direction；Step 3) extracts the time for receiving echo-signal, thus distance of each point to the wellhole center of circle on the calculating borehole wall；Step 4) extracts the peak value of echo-signal, and is converted into borehole wall color data；Borehole wall circle center distance obtained above and borehole wall color data are depicted as a narrow ring belt by step 5)；If step 6) detection is completed, it is transferred to step 7), otherwise, is transferred to step 1), obtains the narrow ring belt of different moments；The narrow ring belt at all moment is connected composition borehole wall image by step 7), completes three-dimensional imaging process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasonic imaging fields, and in particular to a kind of borehole wall real time imagery side based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array
Method.
Background technique
In oil drilling and recovery process, casing guarantees that drilling well has been gone on smoothly in protection wellbore and Reinforcing Shaft
Important function.But since subsurface environment is severe, casing damage quantity increases year by year, and detection and the protection of casing wall have become
The important process of oil field development.Ultrasonic borehole wall imaging detection technology is a kind of common oil-well wall detection technique, passes through utilization
Borehole wall reflection echo information, identifies a plurality of types of defects and well week situation, shows the borehole wall in the form of images clear and intuitively
Situation and characteristic.
Start the 1990s to have gradually appeared supersonic imaging logger of new generation, the representative are
The UBI (Ultra Sonic Imager) of the Schlumberger and CBIL (Circumferential of Baker Atlas
Borehole Imaging Log) etc..It is rotary that these conventional borehole wall acoustic logging Image-forming instruments all use single-shot list to receive
Sonic probe, when instrument well logging, transducer probe is rotated centered on borehole axis and is moved on borehole axis direction, to realize
Looking into for helical manner is carried out to the borehole wall to sweep.However, this working method have the shortcomings that it is following several:
(1) signal-to-noise ratio of detectable signal is low.Due to the working method received using single-shot list, if encountered complicated or more
Severe borehole condition, the useful signal amplitude detected are lower, it is difficult to identify, it is some exception shaft wall structures and it is fine change it is past
It is past to be difficult to.
(2) resolution ratio detected is low.The acoustic beam of conventional transducer probe radiative acoustic wave is relatively wide, although concave surface
Focused transducer can make sound beam focusing, but this focusing capability is very limited, and not only focal position is fixed, it is difficult to according to reality
Border situation is adjusted and changes, and focused beam is elongated not enough, so that the image resolution ratio of detection data is lower.
(3) unstability of mechanical rotary scanning.Conventional transducers probe, which must be pivoted, to be just able to achieve to the borehole wall four
Week looks into and sweeps imaging, and this mechanical rotation mode can bring the unstability of well logging and the problems such as relevant instrument maintenance.
Machinery rotation can also carry out very burden for output transmission.
(4) logging speed is slower.Due to conventional transducer use mechanical type rotating, in order to guarantee borehole wall scanning imagery speed and
Longitudinal resolution, logging speed are restricted, and reduce this instrument in the logging efficiency of underground, if well logging target zone compared with
Thickness can occupy longer uphole time using this kind of instrument.
In document 1 (a kind of patent CN200920288148.4: X-ray real time imaging detection system of shallow sea steel pipe) and text
It offers in 2 (patent CN201220113619.X: steel pipe seam X-ray Real-time Imaging device), provides in the lossless inspection of the borehole wall
Survey real time imagery method used in instrument.However, these imaging methods are directly using electromagnetic wave optical imagery, due to sound wave
Relative to electromagnetic wavelength, careful direct imaging result can not be provided.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the current borehole wall that the existing above problem is imaged, propose a kind of based on cylinder ultrasound
The borehole wall real time imagery method of phased array, this method realized based on a kind of borehole wall imaging system based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array,
Method of the invention can be imaged real-time, quickly, react the feature of ultrasound echo signal in borehole wall all directions.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of borehole wall real time imagery sides based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array
Method realized based on a kind of borehole wall imaging system based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, the system comprises: ground controller 1, power supply
Pipe nipple 2, sonic system pipe nipple 4 and circuit pipe nipple 3；
The sonic system pipe nipple 4 includes cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11, and cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11 is by several
A 6 circumferential array of transducer array element is at cylinder；
The circuit pipe nipple 3, the control signal for being sent according to ground controller 1 control cylinder ultrasonic phase array
Each transducer array element 6 in probe 11 circumferentially realizes that the focus emission of ultrasonic signal and the focusing of echo-signal receive, and
The echo data collected is sent to ground controller 1；
The ground controller 1, for being imaged according to the echo data received；
The power supply pipe nipple 2 is used to be system power supply；
The described method includes:
Step 1) the ground controller 1 controls ultrasonic phase array probe 11 and well Instrumental is at the uniform velocity transported along borehole axis direction
It is dynamic；
Step 2) ultrasonic phase array probe (11) is to borehole wall run-down in a circumferential direction, i.e., constantly to the borehole wall
Emit ultrasonic wave and receives the reflection echo signal from the borehole wall；
Step 3) extracts the time for receiving echo-signal, thus distance of each point to the wellhole center of circle on the calculating borehole wall；
Step 4) extracts the peak value of echo-signal, and is converted into borehole wall color data；
Wellhole circle center distance obtained above and borehole wall color data are depicted as a narrow ring belt by step 5)；
If step 6) detection is completed, it is transferred to step 7), otherwise, is transferred to step 1), obtains the narrow ring belt of different moments；
The narrow ring belt at all moment is connected composition borehole wall imaging by step 7), completes three-dimensional imaging process.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, the circuit pipe nipple 3 includes: digital circuit board and analog circuit board；
The analog circuit board includes: impulse ejection module, switch array module and reception gain control module；Described
Phase control emission high pressure activation signal is sent to switch arrays for generating phase control emission high pressure activation signal by impulse ejection module
Module；The switch array module is used for the transducer array element 6 of gated transmission ultrasonic signal and receives echo-signal；Described
Reception gain control module is used for the echo-signal gain of modulation switch array module output；
The digital circuit board includes: CAN bus drive module, digital control processing module and AD acquisition and processing mould
Block；The CAN bus drive module is communicated by CAN bus with ground controller 1；The digital control processing mould
Block is used to parse the control command of ground controller (1) transmission, and completes to analog circuit board and AD acquisition and processing module
Control；The AD acquisition and processing module carries out AD acquisition to the signal for receiving gain control module output, and AD is acquired
The echo data arrived is sent to ground control after digital control processing module carries out data processing, through CAN bus drive module
Device 1 processed.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, the transducer array element 6 in the cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11 is using filling
Sealing encapsulating, the end of cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11 are provided with bearing shell 8, and the bearing shell 8 is equipped with electricity
Pole pigtail splice 9, for connecting the electrode of transducer array element 6.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, the sonic system pipe nipple 4 further includes pressure balance mechanism 12 and pressure-bearing joint
10；The pressure balance mechanism 12 and pressure-bearing joint 10 is set to the both ends of cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11, and the cylinder is super
The cavity for Silicone oil injection is offered in the middle part of sound phased array probe 11；
The pressure balance mechanism 12 includes: adapter 13, spring 16, piston 17 and piston steel cylinder 15；The work
Plug 17 is arranged between adapter 13 and piston steel cylinder 15, which passes through adapter 13 and cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11
Cavity connection, be each filled with silicone oil in the two spaces where 17 both ends of piston；The spring 16, which supports, to be set to piston 17 and turns
Between connector 13,11 external and internal pressures so that cylinder ultrasonic phase array is popped one's head in are moved by piston 17 and keep balance；
The both ends of the pressure-bearing joint 10 are respectively arranged with adapter 13 and sealing-plug 23, are respectively used to connection circuit pipe nipple
3 and bearing shell 8 on electrode leader connector 9.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, adapter 13 and sealing-plug 23 on the pressure-bearing joint 10 are all made of O shape
Sealing ring sealing.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, the sealing-plug 23 is 81 core sealing-plugs.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, the sonic system pipe nipple 4 further includes mud velocity of sound energy converter, for measuring sound
It is the velocity of sound of 4 local environment of pipe nipple.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, centralizer is provided on the outer wall of the power supply pipe nipple 2 and circuit pipe nipple 3
5；The centralizer 5 is supporting structure, and outer rim offsets with casing 7.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, the end of the sonic system pipe nipple 4 is additionally provided with pressure block 19, for realizing sonic system
The Function Extension of pipe nipple 4.
As a kind of improvement of the above method, the specific implementation process of the step 3) are as follows:
The distance L of point i on the borehole wall to the wellhole center of circleiAre as follows:
Wherein: trevThe time of echo-signal is received for ultrasonic phase array probe 11；temitFor ultrasonic phase array probe 11
Issue the time of ultrasonic pulse；csoundFor the velocity of sound in well liquid；rprobeFor the radius of used transducer array element 6.
Present invention has an advantage that
1, detection speed is fast, and phased-array technique is rotated by the way of electronic system control acoustic beam rotation instead of machinery,
So that logging speed is improved；
2, the signal-to-noise ratio of detection is improved, phase array focusing emission characteristics can be such that the sound field intensity at target greatly increases, make
The reflection echo amplitude for obtaining target is reinforced；Moreover, phase array focusing reception processing can further improve the strong of target echo signal
Degree, therefore, focus emission can greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of target acquisition with reception technique is focused；
3, image resolution ratio and detection accuracy are improved.The sound beam focusing characteristic of ultrasonic phased array technology can form relatively fine
Acoustic beam, generate acoustic beam reach 3dB width, more much smaller than other conventional instrument beam widths, such acoustic beam can be significantly
Improve the resolution ratio and detection accuracy of detection target image；
4, when detecting to a certain range of wellhole, no replacement is required pops one's head in, due to the focus of phase array focusing acoustic beam
It is adjustable, for different well diameters, the focus emission and reception delay of probe need to be only adjusted, acoustic beam can be realized in the poly- of the borehole wall
Coke, so without frequently replacement well-logging probe；
5, method of the invention can be imaged real-time, quickly, react the feature of ultrasound echo signal in borehole wall all directions.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the borehole wall imaging system external structure schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the borehole wall imaging system schematic diagram of internal structure in the present invention；
Fig. 3 a is the cylinder ultrasonic phase array structural schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 3 b is cylinder ultrasonic phase array top view shown in Fig. 3 a；
Fig. 4 is the cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe schematic perspective view in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of the sonic system pipe nipple in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the pressure balance mechanism schematic diagram of internal structure in sonic system pipe nipple provided by the invention；
Fig. 7 is the pressure-bearing joint schematic diagram of internal structure in sonic system pipe nipple provided by the invention；
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the borehole wall real time imagery method of the invention based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array.
Appended drawing reference
1, ground controller 2, power supply pipe nipple 3, circuit pipe nipple
4, sonic system pipe nipple 5, centralizer 6, transducer array element
7, casing 8, bearing shell 9, electrode leader connector
10, pressure-bearing joint 11, cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 12, pressure balance mechanism
13, adapter 14, oiling screw 15, piston steel cylinder
16, spring 17, piston 18, overflow valve
19, pressure block 20, the first O-ring seals 21, feather key
22, Rapid-turning nut 23, sealing-plug 24, the second O-ring seals
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of borehole wall imaging system overall structure based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array provided by the invention is as shown in Figure 1, packet
It includes: ground control and imaging system (ground controller 1), power supply pipe nipple 2, circuit pipe nipple 3, sonic system pipe nipple 4 and external Machinery Ministry
Part is constituted.The sonic system pipe nipple 4 is popped one's head in including cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which pops one's head in by several transducings
6 circumferential array of device array element is at cylinder；The control signal that the circuit pipe nipple 3 is sent according to ground controller 1 controls cylinder
Each transducer array element 6 in ultrasonic phase array probe circumferentially realizes the focus emission of ultrasonic signal and the focusing of echo-signal
It receives, and the echo data collected is sent to ground controller 1；The ground controller 1 is returned according to what is received
Wave number is according to being imaged.
Borehole wall imaging system based on above structure, in system work process, need by power supply pipe nipple, circuit pipe nipple and
Sonic system pipe nipple is threaded through in casing, and is moved along casing to underground.The all parts of the system are illustrated below:
1) it ground control and processing display system: is mainly communicated by CAN bus with underground equipment, for being realized on PC
To the parameter setting of underground equipment, the preservation and imaging of system failure investigation and Echo Processing data, are main man-machine friendships
Mutual approach.
2) power supply pipe nipple 2: including digital power plate, simulated high-pressure power panel and analog low voltage electric power plate as shown in Fig. 2,
It is mainly used for voltage needed for being converted to subsequent conditioning circuits at different levels from ground service cable voltage.Wherein digital power plate is to circuit
The digital circuit board of pipe nipple is powered, and simulated high-pressure power panel and analog low voltage electric power plate are supplied to the analog circuit board of circuit pipe nipple
Electricity.
3) it circuit pipe nipple 3: is made of digital processing circuit plate and analog circuit board.
As shown in Fig. 2, the digital circuit board includes CAN bus drive module, digital control processing module, AD acquisition
With processing module.The CAN bus drive module is communicated by CAN bus with ground controller；The number control
Processing module processed is used to parse the control command of ground controller transmission, and completes to impulse ejection module, switch array module, connects
Receive the control of gain control module, AD acquisition and processing module；Its concrete function has: explaining the various lives that ground controller issues
The control enable, complete transmit circuit fire pulse width, emitting array element, emission delay, is completed at the same time the automatic control of signal gain
System, signal acquisition, different preliminary treatment is carried out to acquisition data according to task and is further processed, treated result
It is sent to communication module.Wherein preliminary treatment includes being delayed to collected original echoed signals according to phase array focusing rule
Superposition calculation, and envelope is taken using Hilbert transform pairs superposition back echo signal；It is further processed the envelope letter referred to acquisition
It number carries out peak value judgement and extracts amplitude data, then these amplitude datas are subjected to splicing to obtain final required imaging number
According to.The AD acquisition and processing module carries out AD acquisition to the signal for receiving gain control module output, and AD is collected
Echo data through digital control processing module carry out data processing after, ground control is sent to by CAN bus drive module
Device.
As shown in Fig. 2, the analog circuit board includes impulse ejection module, switch array module, reception gain control
Module.The impulse ejection module is for generating phase control emission high pressure activation signal, and by phase control emission high pressure activation signal
It is sent to switch array module；The switch array module is used for the energy converter of gated transmission ultrasonic signal and receives echo-signal
Array element；The reception gain control module is used for the echo-signal gain of modulation switch array module output.By increasing to automatic
The control of beneficial control module, the gain variation range for receiving signal reach 60dB-12dB~48dB, can be to 10mV~10V model
Signal in enclosing amplifies and undistorted.
Switch arrays are a functional modules in analog circuit board, and the high-voltage switch gear with 16 autonomous channels can be used
Battle array chip MAX4968A carries out the switching between transmission channel and transducer array element and connects, to achieve the purpose that channel multiplexing.It is main
It is used for the connection according to control signal gating ultrasound emission receiving channel and transducer array element.Totally two pieces of analog circuit boards, often
There is two panels switch arrays chip on block plank, totally four switch arrays chips.System can design 8 transmitting receiving channels, Mei Getong
Road is connected with 8 phased array elements respectively by switch arrays chip, to realize 8 channel multiplexings to 64 array element.
Borehole wall imaging system of the invention realizes that energy converter emits array element at work, by being switched fast for electronic switch
Switching, to form focused beam along well Zhou Xuanzhuan scanning, need to only be moved up and down by instrument along borehole axis can be realized pair
Comprehensive scanning of the borehole wall detects.
4) sonic system pipe nipple 4: including mud velocity of sound energy converter, cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11, pressure balance mechanism 12 and
Pressure-bearing joint 10.As shown in figure 5, the pressure balance mechanism 12 and pressure-bearing joint 10 is set to cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe
11 both ends.
The mud velocity of sound energy converter is used for the velocity of sound of real-time measurement ultrasonic wave local environment.
As shown in Fig. 3 a, 3b, the cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11 is arranged in cylinder by several transducer array elements 6
Shape.Well liquid is full of in casing 7, cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe 11 is placed in 7 center of casing with sonic system pipe nipple, short by circuit
The signal transmitting of control circuit control each activity array element of phased array probe of section and reception delay, to realize that ultrasonic phase array is poly-
Burnt scanning imagery.Phased acoustic beam angle and focal position etc. can be continuous dynamically adjustable in a certain range, and focusing, reception etc. is more
Kind signal processing technology is used for imaging, also can further improve the image resolution ratio of ultrasonic phase array detection.
Wafer energy transducer array element is potted in inside non-metal shell by the present invention by casting glue, realizes integral type encapsulation
Probe, probe middle part offers cavity, for pouring into silicone oil, is then sealed by O-ring seal, with traditional non-Unitary gold
Belong to shell probe to compare, this encapsulating structure reduces the reflection and decaying popped one's head in signal.As shown in figure 4, sonde configuration sheet
Body is that there are a bearing shells 8, positioned at the end of probe.The bearing shell 8 is equipped with electrode leader connector 9, is used for
Connect the electrode of transducer array element.
In the specific implementation process, the major parameter of cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe may be designed as: array number 64, outer diameter
80mm, 150 DEG C of heatproof, pressure-resistant 100Mpa.There are bearing course, probes to connect with front and back mechanical structure and use O shape close for itself
Sealing is realized in seal.Each array element chip in the cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe all has internal loopback function, for real
The transmitting and reception of existing ultrasound phase-control signal.
As shown in fig. 6, the pressure balance mechanism 12 includes: 13, two oiling screws 14, piston steel cylinders of adapter
15, spring 16, piston 17, overflow valve 18, pressure block 19, Multiple Type O-ring seals.The pressure block 19 can be used 12 cores and hold
Briquetting is set to the end of sonic system pipe nipple 4, for realizing the Function Extension of sonic system pipe nipple 4.Two oiling screws 14 divide
It Wei Yu not be in the space at 17 both ends of piston.
Piston balance mechanism is used to adjust the probe chip both sides fluid pressure balance being immersed in well liquid, realizes total pressure
Balance.Piston balance mechanism realizes internal and external pressure balance by a piston movement, and when well liquid pressure is big, piston is mobile to be squeezed
Piston liquid in pipe is pressed, rises to intraductal pressure identical as external pressure, to realize the pressure balance on both sides.
The piston 17 is arranged between adapter 13 and piston steel cylinder 15, which passes through adapter 13 and cylinder
The cavity of ultrasonic phase array probe is connected to, and is each filled with silicone oil in the two spaces where 17 both ends of piston；The spring 16 supports
Between piston 17 and adapter 13, moved by piston 17 so that cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe external and internal pressure keeps flat
Weighing apparatus；
In order to balance pressure, before instrument is gone into the well, it is first turned on the oiling popped one's head in space close to cylinder ultrasonic phase array
Screw 14 injects a certain amount of silicone oil into probe cavity；Then need to open the oiling in another space far from probe
Screw 14 injects silicone oil in instrument internal, then spring 16 is compressed, and piston 17 starts to the left using electronic or manual pump
Mobile, when the mobile leftmost side of piston, overflow valve begins to overflow, so far completes oil injection operation.
After system is gone into the well, with the variation of temperature and depth, piston 17 will be mobile to the small direction of pressure, until pressure
Until dynamic balance.When piston 17 is located at the leftmost side, external pressure is still greater than in internal pressure, and overflow valve 18 starts, and starts pressure release.Due to visiting
Head among piston balance mechanism and pressure-bearing joint, inside fill silicone oil, when external pressure causes probe deformation occurs when,
Dummy piston will happen movement according to deformation, to maintain probe chip both sides fluid pressure balance.
The pressure-bearing joint realizes sonic system part immersion oil, while guaranteeing electricity for connecting sonic system pipe nipple and circuit pipe nipple
The sealing and compressive property of short out section.Because phased array probe is directly immersed in the highly pressurised liquid of wellhole, and circuit system is located at
In metal coating shell, belong to normal pressure system, there are huge pressure difference between two spaces, needs to bear sonic system by pressure-bearing joint
Pipe nipple bring high pressure.
As shown in fig. 7, pressure-bearing joint includes: adapter 13, first O-ring seals 2063.09mm × 3.53mm, feather key
21, Rapid-turning nut 22, second O-ring seals 2455.25mm × 2.65mm, sealing-plug 23.The both ends of the pressure-bearing joint 10 point
It is not provided with adapter 13 and sealing-plug 23, the electrode leader connector 9 being respectively used on connection circuit pipe nipple 3 and bearing shell 8.
The screw thread of the Rapid-turning nut 22 at pressure-bearing joint both ends is connect with circuit pipe nipple and sonic system pipe nipple respectively, thus realize circuit pipe nipple with
The Hard link of sonic system pipe nipple, while silicone oil being isolated in except circuit pipe nipple by sealing-plug 23.On the pressure-bearing joint 10
Adapter 13 is sealed using the first O-ring seals 20, and 81 core sealing-plugs can be used in the sealing-plug 23, and close by the 2nd O shape
Seal 24 seals.
5) external mechanical part: skeleton structure and centralizer including each pipe nipple.
The skeleton structure of each pipe nipple mainly for underground high temperature and pressure particular surroundings demand and design.It is needed for resistance to compression
It asks, sonic system pipe nipple uses immersion oil mode, resistance to compression is realized by pressure balance, material is heat-resisting material, meets resistance to height
Warm demand.Other circuit frameworks are placed in special voltage holding circuit cylinder, are linked by pressure-bearing joint and sonic system pipe nipple.
The centralizer is independent bracket component, as shown in Figure 1, the outer wall of the power supply pipe nipple 2 and circuit pipe nipple 3
On be provided with centralizer 5；Its outer rim offsets with casing.The centralizer is detachable, and casing suitable position is fixed to when going into the well
It sets.Centralizer is for ensuring that entire mechanical structure is always positioned at the center of oil pipe, it is ensured that phased array imaging effect.
As shown in figure 8, being based on above-mentioned imaging system, the present invention also provides a kind of boreholes wall based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array
Real time imagery method, which comprises
Step 1) the ground controller 1 controls ultrasonic phase array probe 11 and well Instrumental is at the uniform velocity transported along borehole axis direction
It is dynamic；
Step 2) the ultrasonic phase array is popped one's head in 11 pairs of boreholes wall run-down in a circumferential direction, and 256 road echoes are received
Signal；
In order to realize above-mentioned imaging mode, needing the circumferential scanning of the 11 completion borehole wall of ultrasonic phase array probe and carry out axial direction
It is mobile.Cylinder ultrasonic phase array one encloses 256 directions of the total scanning of circumferential scanning, i.e., emits in each direction in 256 directions
Ultrasonic pulse is simultaneously received, and 256 echo-signals are collected.
Step 3) extracts the time for receiving 256 tunnel echo-signals, thus the distance of the calculating borehole wall to the wellhole center of circle；
Distance L of certain point i to the wellhole center of circle on the borehole walliFor
Wherein: trevThe time of echo-signal is received for ultrasonic phase array probe 11；temitFor ultrasonic phase array probe 11
Issue the time of ultrasonic pulse；csoundFor the velocity of sound in well liquid, it is desirable that survey crew is manually entered；rprobeIt is changed to be used
The radius of energy device array element 6.
Step 4) extracts the peak value of 256 tunnel echo-signals, is converted into borehole wall color data；
Color on the borehole wall is not unique, and color depth represents the peak value of ultrasound echo signal in this direction, and peak value is higher, then
Color is more shallow, and it is high to represent ultrasonic reflection coefficient at this；Peak value is lower, then color is deeper, represents ultrasonic reflection coefficient at this
It is low.
Wellhole circle center distance obtained above and borehole wall color data are depicted as a narrow ring belt by step 5)；
Step 6) is transferred to step 2), obtains the narrow ring belt of different moments；
All narrow ring belts are connected composition borehole wall imaging by step 7), complete three-dimensional imaging process.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that, to technical side of the invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Scope of the claims in.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of borehole wall real time imagery method based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, this method is based on a kind of based on cylinder ultrasound phase-control
The borehole wall imaging system realization of battle array, the system comprises: ground controller (1), power supply pipe nipple (2), sonic system pipe nipple (4) and circuit
Pipe nipple (3)；
The sonic system pipe nipple (4) include cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe (11), the cylinder ultrasonic phase array pop one's head in (11) if by
Dry transducer array element (6) circumferential array is at cylinder；
The circuit pipe nipple (3), the control signal for being sent according to ground controller (1), controls cylinder ultrasonic phase array
Each transducer array element (6) in probe (11) circumferentially realizes that the focusing of the focus emission and echo-signal of ultrasonic signal connects
It receives, and the echo data collected is sent to ground controller (1)；
The ground controller (1), for being imaged according to the echo data received；
The power supply pipe nipple (2) is used to be system power supply；
The described method includes:
Step 1) the ground controller (1) control ultrasonic phase array probe (11) and well Instrumental are at the uniform velocity transported along borehole axis direction
It is dynamic；
Step 2) ultrasonic phase array probe (11) constantly emits borehole wall run-down in a circumferential direction to the borehole wall
Ultrasonic wave simultaneously receives the reflection echo signal from the borehole wall；
Step 3) extracts the time for receiving echo-signal, thus distance of each point to the wellhole center of circle on the calculating borehole wall；
Step 4) extracts the peak value of echo-signal, and is converted into borehole wall color data；
Wellhole circle center distance obtained above and borehole wall color data are depicted as a narrow ring belt by step 5)；
If step 6) detection is completed, it is transferred to step 7), otherwise, is transferred to step 1), obtains the narrow ring belt of different moments；
All narrow ring belts are connected composition borehole wall image by step 7), complete three-dimensional imaging process.
2. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 1 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that described
Circuit pipe nipple (3) include: digital circuit board and analog circuit board；
The analog circuit board includes: impulse ejection module, switch array module and reception gain control module；The pulse
Phase control emission high pressure activation signal is sent to switch arrays mould for generating phase control emission high pressure activation signal by transmitting module
Block；The switch array module is used for the transducer array element (6) of gated transmission ultrasonic signal and receives echo-signal；Described
Reception gain control module is used for the echo-signal gain of modulation switch array module output；
The digital circuit board includes: CAN bus drive module, digital control processing module and AD acquisition and processing module；
The CAN bus drive module is communicated by CAN bus with ground controller (1)；The digital control processing mould
Block is used to parse the control command of ground controller (1) transmission, and completes to analog circuit board and AD acquisition and processing module
Control；The AD acquisition and processing module carries out AD acquisition to the signal for receiving gain control module output, and AD is acquired
The echo data arrived is sent to ground control after digital control processing module carries out data processing, through CAN bus drive module
Device (1) processed.
3. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 1 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that described
Transducer array element (6) in cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe (11) uses casting glue encapsulating, cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe
(11) end is provided with bearing shell (8), and the bearing shell (8) is equipped with electrode leader connector (9), is changed for connecting
The electrode of energy device array element (6).
4. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 3 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that described
Sonic system pipe nipple (4) further include pressure balance mechanism (12) and pressure-bearing joint (10)；It the pressure balance mechanism (12) and holds
Crimp head (10) is set to the both ends of cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe (11), opens up in the middle part of cylinder ultrasonic phase array probe (11)
There is the cavity for Silicone oil injection；
The pressure balance mechanism (12) includes: adapter (13), spring (16), piston (17) and piston steel cylinder (15)；Institute
The piston (17) stated is arranged between adapter (13) and piston steel cylinder (15), which passes through adapter (13) and cylinder
The cavity of ultrasonic phase array probe (11) is connected to, and is each filled with silicone oil in the two spaces where piston (17) both ends；The bullet
Spring (16), which supports, to be set between piston (17) and adapter (13), is moved by piston (17) so that cylinder ultrasonic phase array is popped one's head in
(11) external and internal pressure keeps balance；
The both ends of the pressure-bearing joint (10) are respectively arranged with adapter (13) and sealing-plug (23), and it is short to be respectively used to connection circuit
Save the electrode leader connector (9) on (3) and bearing shell (8).
5. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 4 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that described
Adapter (13) and sealing-plug (23) on pressure-bearing joint (10) are all made of O-ring seals sealing.
6. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 5 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that described
Sealing-plug (23) be 81 core sealing-plugs.
7. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 1 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that described
Sonic system pipe nipple (4) further include mud velocity of sound energy converter, for measuring the velocity of sound of sonic system pipe nipple (4) local environment.
8. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 1 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that described
Centralizer (5) is provided on the outer wall of power supply pipe nipple (2) and circuit pipe nipple (3)；The centralizer (5) is supporting structure,
Its outer rim offsets with casing (7).
9. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 1 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that described
The end of sonic system pipe nipple (4) is additionally provided with pressure block (19), for realizing the Function Extension of sonic system pipe nipple (4).
10. the borehole wall real time imagery method according to claim 1 based on cylinder ultrasonic phase array, which is characterized in that institute
State the specific implementation process of step 3) are as follows:
The distance L of point i on the borehole wall to the wellhole center of circleiAre as follows:
Wherein: trevThe time of echo-signal is received for ultrasonic phase array probe (11)；temit(11) are popped one's head in for ultrasonic phase array
Issue the time of ultrasonic pulse；csoundFor the velocity of sound in well liquid；rprobeFor the radius of used transducer array element (6).
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