CN202870041U - Ultrasound C/A scanning imaging device for small diameter tubes - Google Patents
Ultrasound C/A scanning imaging device for small diameter tubes Download PDFInfo
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- CN202870041U CN202870041U CN 201120481302 CN201120481302U CN202870041U CN 202870041 U CN202870041 U CN 202870041U CN 201120481302 CN201120481302 CN 201120481302 CN 201120481302 U CN201120481302 U CN 201120481302U CN 202870041 U CN202870041 U CN 202870041U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an ultrasound imaging device for small diameter tubes in a practical project. The ultrasound C/A scanning imaging device for the small diameter tubes comprises a transducer, a scanning mechanical device, a control box, an ultrasound emission-receiving system, a data acquisition card and a PC (personal computer) in which application software is embedded, wherein the cylindrical transducer (1) is a spherical point focusing transducer and is formed in a structure that a piezoelectric wafer (103) is arranged in front of a damping block (101), the damping block (101) and the piezoelectric wafer (103) are spliced through a bonding layer (102), and an acoustic lens (104) is arranged in front of the piezoelectric wafer (103). The ultrasound C/A scanning imaging device provided by the utility model adopts a high-resolution water-logging automatic C scanning technique and the special spherical point focusing ultrasonic transducer for the small diameter tubes, and can exactly and rapidly extract defects such as layering, intercalation, cracks and porosity of the small diameter tubes, carry out real-time imaging on a detection result and make judgment and recognition on the defects according to proper judgment conditions, and therefore, the detection reliability of the small diameter tubes is improved by virtue of quantitative description of the defects.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to small diameter tube industry Ultrasonic C/A sweep imaging device.
Background technology
Small diameter tube has a wide range of applications in numerous equipment such as station boiler, pressure vessels for the chemical industry and heat interchanger, is usually bearing the working environment of High Temperature High Pressure, and this has just proposed very high requirement to the quality of small diameter tube.Classic method is to utilize Eddy current detector to detect a flaw, since the limitation of eddy current effect mechanism, total detection blind area that exists about 200 mm, pipe termination.When detecting small diameter tube, the conventional main accepted standard of ultrasonic detecting technology is GB5777 " ultrasonic flaw detecting of seamless steel pipe method ", but can meet difficulty when detecting: 1. can only detect the vertical or horizontal defective of small diameter tube, but can not effectively detect lamination defect.2. the vertical or horizontal defective of small diameter tube need detect from different orientation incident with different transducers.3. flaw indication need to have the testing staff of check to judge according to the check experience.
The ultrasonoscopy of object can provide in a large number intuitively information, the position, size and the character that show defective in the tested object (acoustic target), directly reflect acoustics and the mechanical property of object, thereby overcome ultrasonic manual detection result's inconsistency, reduce the impact of human factor.Therefore we have developed ultrasonic scanning image device and the correlation technique that is used for the station boiler small diameter tube, and defective is quantitatively described, and improve the reliability that small diameter tube detects.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model just provides a kind of small diameter tube Ultrasonic C/A sweep imaging system, and it has the focused transducer of high sensitivity, burst pulse.
Solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model is taked is as follows:
A kind of small diameter tube Ultrasonic C/A sweep imaging device, the PC that comprises transducer, scanning mechanical hook-up, control enclosure, ultrasound emission receiving system, data collecting card and embedded application software, it is characterized in that: described transducer 1 is the spherical point focused transducer, cylindrical, forming structure is that damping block 101 fronts are piezoelectric chips 103, bonding with adhesive linkage 102 between the two, piezoelectric chip 103 fronts are sound lens 104, and the composition structure of transducer as shown in Figure 3.
So the transducer acoustic beam is thin, highly sensitive, the initial pulse width is narrow.
On the basis of the above, the utility model has also been done further improvement:
Described scanning mechanical hook-up comprises: an inner chamber fills the frame 6 of water, on two relative wall, be provided with accordingly the swivel bearing head of small diameter tube sample, one of them swivel bearing head is provided with electric rotating machine 5 and drives, above described swivel bearing head, be provided with the ball nut leading screw 3 that is driven by stepper motor 4, the leading screw overcoat has guide rod 2, the effect of guide rod 2 is not allow it follow the leading screw rotation to the ball nut guiding, is fixed with described transducer on the ball nut.
The frame 6 interior water that described inner chamber fills water can with the full submergence of small diameter tube sample, leave the gap between described transducer and the small diameter tube sample.
Beneficial effect: adopted water logging (full submergence mode) autoscan ultrasonic imaging, transducer does not directly contact with workpiece, hyperacoustic transmit and receive all very stable; The supersonic beam of transducer emission orientation relative and small diameter tube can freely change, and realizes easily multi-faceted detection; Can dwindle the blind area, particularly favourable to the detection of small diameter tube.
The full detail (acoustical holography) that ultrasound wave carries in the ultrasound emission receiving system collection material, namely all record the detection signal in time domain and spatial domain, the defect condition of exhaustive analysis small diameter tube inside, show various characteristic parameter figures by Image Reconstruction, thereby evaluate the small diameter tube total quality comprehensively.
Utilize single card microcomputer control scanning system, realize independently automatic scanning system.Design scanning imagery software comprises signals collecting, and signal is processed, the data storage, and feature extraction and image show.
High sensitivity improves the antijamming capability of recall rate and the system of little defective, and wideband-short pulse can enlarge the frequency band range that extracts signal, focuses on to improve the resolving power that detects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the scanning mechanical hook-up forms structural representation;
Fig. 2 is spherical point focused transducer wafer synoptic diagram
Fig. 3 is the composition structural drawing of transducer.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, small diameter tube Ultrasonic C of the present utility model/A sweep imaging device embodiment, the PC that comprises transducer, scanning mechanical hook-up, control enclosure, ultrasound emission receiving system, data collecting card and embedded application software, transducer is spherical point focused transducer 1, cylindrical, forming structure is that damping block 101 fronts are piezoelectric chips 103, and bonding with adhesive linkage 102 between the two, piezoelectric chip 103 fronts are sound lens 104.
The scanning mechanical hook-up comprises: an inner chamber fills the frame 6 of water, water in the frame 6 can be with the full submergence of small diameter tube sample, on 6 two relative walls of frame, be provided with accordingly the swivel bearing head of small diameter tube sample, one of them swivel bearing head is provided with electric rotating machine 5 and drives, above the swivel bearing head, be provided with the ball nut leading screw 3 that is driven by stepper motor 4, the leading screw overcoat has guide rod 2, be fixed with transducer 1 on the ball nut, water in the frame 6 can with the full submergence of small diameter tube sample, leave the gap between transducer 1 and the small diameter tube sample.
The spherical point focused transducer is made
(1) piezoelectric chip
Sensitivity and the bandwidth of transducer depend on piezoelectric chip.For piezoelectric, piezoelectric stress constant e value is large, and expression applies less voltage just can produce larger vibration, and namely emitting performance is good.Electromechanical Coupling when electromechanical coupling factor Kt reflection piezoelectric chip is made thickness vibration, Kt is larger, and the acoustic-electric conversion efficiency that is illustrated on the thickness direction is higher.In the utility model, chosen emitting performance piezoelectric ceramics good, that piezoelectric constant is large and guaranteed detection sensitivity.
A basic problem of transducer designs is to weigh between bandwidth (width of impulse response) and receiving sensitivity.Short pulse response is equivalent to the bandwidth of maximum possible.According to the Mason equivalent electrical circuit, by can be calculated, when sound pulse is in the equally distributed situation along the wafer direction of vibration, strain and the voltage that produces are comprised of two pulses, so can obtain maximum bandwidth, but this moment acoustical power half on ripple dorsad, lose about 3dB.As seen large bandwidth realizes by sacrificing acoustical power.
The frequency of transducer is decided by the thickness of wafer, in order to make the transducer of suitable frequency, must adjust the thickness of wafer.Generally be the thick wafer hand lapping of low frequency to suitable thickness, and then plate silver layer on the two sides on the two sides of wafer and make electrode.Be the sphere wafer of R for radius-of-curvature, the comparison trouble can have two schemes.1. get first thicker wafer, one side is placed on the protruding sphere that radius is R grinds, another side is placed on the concave spherical surface that radius is R grinds again.Because pottery is harder, so the lapping powder of using is very thin silit, its order number is generally at 200～400 orders.During grinding, notice firmly evenly that the wafer thickness that grinds like this could be consistent, thereby guarantee that the ultrasound wave start-phase of sending is identical.2. utilize metal material to focus on as sound lens, the disc wafer is directly sticked on the planar side of metallic sound lens, thereby avoid grinding crisp hard pottery.In the utility model, the small diameter tube radius-of-curvature is little, wall is thin, and clutter is many during Ultrasonic Detection, and a kind of scheme after adopting has designed the ball focused transducer that acoustic beam is thin, highly sensitive, the initial pulse width is narrow.Transducer is cylindrical, and the damping block front is piezoelectric chip, and the piezoelectric chip front is sound lens.Such as Fig. 2.The sound lens material of selecting is aluminium, and the centre frequency of probe is 2.5MHz.
(2) backing acoustic impedance
The acoustic impedance of backing absorption piece has vital effect to bandwidth and the pulse width of transducer.From the equivalent electrical circuit of emission state as can be known, suppose that thickness of adhibited layer is zero (ignoring the impact of adhesive linkage), when the acoustic impedance of piezoelectric chip equates with the backing acoustic impedance, the backward radiation of piezoelectric chip all propagates into backing, that is to say, backing all absorbs the backward radiation of wafer, and this moment, the transponder pulse of transducer was the narrowest.Because in actual applications, the representative value of piezoelectric chip acoustic impedance be (30～36) * 106 Pas/m, and typical backing acoustic impedance (tungsten powder and epoxy resin) is no more than 24 * 106 Pas/m, so can only be to make acoustic impedance near the acoustic impedance of wafer.Calculation and test shows that all more near the acoustic impedance of wafer, the bandwidth of transducer is wider for the backing acoustic impedance, and pulse is narrower, and sensitivity and centre frequency also descend manyly.
When backing is made, generally be after tungsten powder and epoxy resin are prepared according to a certain percentage, in noncondensing situation, to be poured into chlamydate chip back surface.During cast, major issue is that the contact layer at backing and wafer must not have bubble, otherwise can greatly reduce its acoustically effective, but the heating while pouring into a mould goes out bubble train.Behind the casting complete, be placed on this semi-manufacture probe in the baking oven 80 ° of bakings of constant temperature three to four hours.
(3) thickness of adhibited layer
Transducer generally all adopts adhering with epoxy resin, because the acoustic impedance of epoxy resin is very low, differs greatly with the acoustic impedance of wafer, diaphragm and backing, and therefore, its thickness has a significant impact the performance of transducer.From adhesive linkage two aspects that affect of transducer spectrum and pulse waveform are weighed, when thickness of adhibited layer reached 1/400 left and right sides of wavelength, its impact roughly can be ignored.
Scanning equipment is the water logging scanning of cantilever design, by frame 6 supportings, high precision stepper motor 4 drives ball-screw 3 and does rectilinear motion with respect to guide rod 2, drives transducer and carries out axial scanning, and electric rotating machine 5 then drive transducer carries out scanning at the circumferencial direction of small diameter tube.When small diameter tube rotated, ultrasonic transducer 1 was moved in horizontal stepping, makes it to finish the two-dimensional scan on cylinder.The ultrasonic transducer that uses is short pulse focused transducer 1, both has been used for launching ultrasonic pulse, again as the receiving transducer of echoed signal, and water coupling between it and the object under test.Synchronizing signal is sent by scrambler, and the work of gating pulse acoustical signal power supply like this, has just guaranteed that signal source sends pulse ultrasonic wave in the equally spaced position of cylinder.Data acquisition board in the supersonic detection device, according to prerequisite, the echoed signal that transducer is received is converted into digital quantity, and will need echo signal data to send in the calculator memory.Computing machine carries out necessary real-time processing to data, when obtaining the sound of defective and the parameter such as signal amplitude, and the result is shown with the form of image.Utilize this system to extract in the small diameter tube accurately and rapidly to be mingled with, the defectives such as crackle, porosity, testing result is carried out real time imagery, by suitable decision condition, realize judgement and the identification of defective.
The utility model is in the research of small diameter tube defect characteristic, the development of the special-purpose ultrasonic transducer of small diameter tube, and new exploration has been done in the aspects such as acquisition and processing of full-wave train signal.
Claims (3)
1. small diameter tube Ultrasonic C/A sweep imaging device, the PC that comprises transducer, scanning mechanical hook-up, control enclosure, ultrasound emission receiving system, data collecting card and embedded application software, it is characterized in that: described transducer (1) is the spherical point focused transducer, cylindrical, the composition structure is that damping block (101) front is piezoelectric chip (103), bonding with adhesive linkage (102) between the two, piezoelectric chip (103) front is sound lens (104).
2. small diameter tube Ultrasonic C according to claim 1/A sweep imaging device, it is characterized in that: described scanning mechanical hook-up comprises: an inner chamber fills the frame (6) of water, on two relative wall, be provided with accordingly the swivel bearing head of small diameter tube sample, one of them swivel bearing head is provided with electric rotating machine (5) and drives, above described swivel bearing head, be provided with the ball nut leading screw (3) that is driven by stepper motor (4), described leading screw overcoat has guide rod (2), is fixed with described transducer on the ball nut.
3. small diameter tube Ultrasonic C according to claim 2/A sweep imaging device is characterized in that: the water that described inner chamber fills in the frame of water can with the full submergence of small diameter tube sample, leave the gap between described transducer and the small diameter tube sample.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201120481302 CN202870041U (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | Ultrasound C/A scanning imaging device for small diameter tubes |
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| CN 201120481302 CN202870041U (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2011-11-28 | Ultrasound C/A scanning imaging device for small diameter tubes |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103439416A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Walking device for rapidly detecting flat plate butt-welding seams of ultrasonic phased array |
| CN104122333A (en) * | 2014-04-12 | 2014-10-29 | 北京工业大学 | Array resolution type ultrasonic focusing transducer |
| CN104502461A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-08 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Small-diameter tube manual ultrasonic water immersion detection scanning frame |
| CN104698081A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method for interference bolt of engine drive gear |
| CN105259253A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Phased array detection method of main valve rod |
| CN107064303A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-18 | 南通友联数码技术开发有限公司 | A kind of solid wheel shaft non-pulling wheel ultrasonic testing system, detection method and imaging method |
| CN107345940A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-14 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | A kind of method that water logging ultrasonic method carries out detecting flaw detection to copper-alloy pipe-material inside |
| CN109374741A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-22 | 北京工业大学 | Hollow cylinder test specimen axial flaw Ultrasonic C-Scan detection method |
| CN111112037A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-08 | 重庆医科大学 | Lens type multi-frequency focusing ultrasonic transducer, transduction system and method for determining axial length of acoustic focal region of lens type multi-frequency focusing ultrasonic transducer |
| CN111999392A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-27 | 清华大学 | Submarine pipeline ultrasonic guided wave omnidirectional focusing acoustic lens flexible transducer and detection method |
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2011
- 2011-11-28 CN CN 201120481302 patent/CN202870041U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103439416A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Walking device for rapidly detecting flat plate butt-welding seams of ultrasonic phased array |
| CN103439416B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-05-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Walking device for rapidly detecting flat plate butt-welding seams of ultrasonic phased array |
| CN104698081B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2018-01-23 | 贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | A kind of driving engine gear interference bolt ultrasonic flaw detection method |
| CN104698081A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method for interference bolt of engine drive gear |
| CN104122333A (en) * | 2014-04-12 | 2014-10-29 | 北京工业大学 | Array resolution type ultrasonic focusing transducer |
| CN104122333B (en) * | 2014-04-12 | 2017-04-05 | 北京工业大学 | Array analytic expression focusing ultrasonic wave transducer |
| CN104502461B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-03-29 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | The manual ultrasonic water immersion of small diameter tube detects scanning frame |
| CN104502461A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-08 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Small-diameter tube manual ultrasonic water immersion detection scanning frame |
| CN105259253A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Phased array detection method of main valve rod |
| CN107064303A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-18 | 南通友联数码技术开发有限公司 | A kind of solid wheel shaft non-pulling wheel ultrasonic testing system, detection method and imaging method |
| CN107345940A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2017-11-14 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | A kind of method that water logging ultrasonic method carries out detecting flaw detection to copper-alloy pipe-material inside |
| CN109374741A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-22 | 北京工业大学 | Hollow cylinder test specimen axial flaw Ultrasonic C-Scan detection method |
| CN111112037A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-08 | 重庆医科大学 | Lens type multi-frequency focusing ultrasonic transducer, transduction system and method for determining axial length of acoustic focal region of lens type multi-frequency focusing ultrasonic transducer |
| CN111999392A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-27 | 清华大学 | Submarine pipeline ultrasonic guided wave omnidirectional focusing acoustic lens flexible transducer and detection method |
| CN111999392B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-10-22 | 清华大学 | Submarine pipeline ultrasonic guided wave omnidirectional focusing acoustic lens flexible transducer and detection method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20130410 |