CN116897941A - 一种防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的杀菌组合物。一种防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的杀菌组合物,其有效成分由小檗碱与中生菌素、氰烯菌酯或吡唑萘菌胺复配而成。本发明的杀菌组合物对抑制澳洲坚果红褐斑病病原菌的生长具有增效作用,与单一有效成分相比,可以提高对澳洲坚果红褐斑病的防治效果,降低防治成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的杀菌组合物。
背景技术
澳洲坚果,别名夏威夷果,是一种原产于澳洲的澳洲坚果属植物,其不但具有较高的经济价值,还具有很好的营养价值和药用价值,素有“干果之王”的美誉。澳洲坚果病虫害较多,病害30多种,虫害300多种,其中就包括有五隔大无性孢丽赤壳菌(Calonectriapentaseptata)侵染引起的澳洲坚果红褐斑病。澳洲坚果红褐斑病主要危害叶片和果实,危害果实时果皮会形成红褐色圆斑,最终扩散到整个果实,导致果实脱落;危害叶片时通常整梢和成片发病,发病初期叶片内有较多红褐色小圆斑,小圆斑外围一圈呈水渍状黄化,后期红褐斑扩大连片,形成红褐色大型坏死斑,从而影响澳洲坚果的正常生长及其产量。
化学药剂是防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的常见手段,但长期施用单一化学药剂会使病原菌产生抗药性,随着病原菌抗药性的不断积累,导致现有多种化学药剂对其防治效果逐渐降低。因此,开发防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的新型高效药剂很有必要。
将不同的农药有效成分进行复配是开发和研制农药新品种的一种有效快捷方式。发明人通过室内试验发现将小檗碱与中生菌素、氰烯菌酯或吡唑萘菌胺复配时,对抑制澳洲坚果红褐斑病病原菌的生长具有增效作用,可以为开发防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的药剂提供支持。目前还未见到这方面复配的相关报道。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的杀菌组合物,以解决单一化学药剂防治病害时存在的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的杀菌组合物,其有效成分由小檗碱与中生菌素、氰烯菌酯或吡唑萘菌胺复配而成。
作为优选,所述小檗碱与中生菌素的质量比为1-20:20-1。
作为优选,所述小檗碱与氰烯菌酯的质量比为1-10:30-1。
作为优选,所述小檗碱与吡唑萘菌胺的质量比为1-5:15-1。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明的杀菌组合物对抑制澳洲坚果红褐斑病病原菌的生长具有增效作用,与单一有效成分相比,可以提高对澳洲坚果红褐斑病的防治效果,降低防治成本,为开发防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的新型高效药剂提供支持。
(2)本发明的杀菌组合物可以延缓病原菌抗药性的发展,可以在一定程度上延长药剂的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
下面结合对本发明专利的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域所属的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
1.供试菌株
澳洲坚果红褐斑病菌(Calonectria pentaseptata),采自染病澳洲坚果叶片病样,在实验室内分离得到,保存于PDA培养基上。
2.供试药剂
98%小檗碱原药、99%中生菌素原药、95%氰烯菌酯原药、92%吡唑萘菌胺原药,以上药剂均为市售。
将供试药剂先用二甲基亚砜溶解,再用0.1%吐温-80水溶液稀释成单剂母液。设置多组配比,各单剂母液和配比混剂均按等比方法设置5个质量浓度梯度。
3.试验方法
采用菌丝生长速率法。将预先融化的PDA培养基9mL加入无菌锥形瓶中,从低浓度到高浓度依次定量吸取药液1mL,分别加入上述锥形瓶中,充分摇匀后倒入直径为9cm的培养皿中,制成相应浓度的含药平板;并设不含药剂的处理作空白对照,每个处理设置8个重复。用打孔器在供试菌株菌落边缘切取直径5mm的菌饼,接种于含药平板和空白对照平板中央,盖上皿盖后置于25℃恒温箱培养。待空白对照菌落直径长至培养皿直径的2/3以上时,用十字交叉法测量菌落直径,计算不同处理对菌丝生长抑制率。
4.数据分析
采用DPS软件进行数据统计分析,以杀菌剂浓度对数值为x,对应的菌丝生长抑制率几率值为y进行线性回归,得出毒力回归方程及药剂对靶标病菌的毒力EC50值,并根据孙云沛法计算共毒系数(CTC)。
5.测定结果
根据计算的共毒系数(CTC)评价药剂的增效作用,CTC≤80为拮抗作用,80<CTC<120为相加作用,CTC≥120为增效作用,结果见表1-3。
表1小檗碱和中生菌素复配对澳洲坚果红褐斑病菌的室内生物活性测定
药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
小檗碱 | 12.691 | 100.000 | -- | -- |
中生菌素 | 4.317 | 293.977 | -- | -- |
小檗碱1:中生菌素20 | 2.403 | 528.132 | 284.740 | 185.478 |
小檗碱1:中生菌素10 | 2.833 | 447.970 | 276.343 | 162.107 |
小檗碱1:中生菌素5 | 4.027 | 315.148 | 261.648 | 120.447 |
小檗碱1:中生菌素1 | 5.195 | 244.293 | 196.989 | 124.014 |
小檗碱5:中生菌素1 | 3.514 | 361.155 | 132.330 | 272.921 |
小檗碱10:中生菌素1 | 2.801 | 453.088 | 117.634 | 385.167 |
小檗碱20:中生菌素1 | 6.919 | 183.422 | 109.237 | 167.912 |
由表1可知,小檗碱和中生菌素复配后,在质量比为1-20:20-1范围内对澳洲坚果红褐斑病菌的共毒系数均大于120,表现为增效作用。
表2小檗碱和氰烯菌酯复配对澳洲坚果红褐斑病菌的室内生物活性测定
药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
小檗碱 | 12.691 | 100.000 | -- | -- |
氰烯菌酯 | 0.763 | 1663.303 | -- | -- |
小檗碱1:氰烯菌酯30 | 0.592 | 2143.750 | 1612.874 | 132.915 |
小檗碱1:氰烯菌酯20 | 0.341 | 3721.701 | 1588.860 | 234.237 |
小檗碱1:氰烯菌酯10 | 0.675 | 1880.148 | 1521.184 | 123.598 |
小檗碱1:氰烯菌酯5 | 0.710 | 1787.465 | 1402.752 | 127.426 |
小檗碱1:氰烯菌酯1 | 1.181 | 1074.598 | 881.651 | 121.885 |
小檗碱5:氰烯菌酯1 | 2.136 | 594.148 | 360.550 | 164.789 |
小檗碱10:氰烯菌酯1 | 4.318 | 293.909 | 242.118 | 121.391 |
由表2可知,小檗碱和氰烯菌酯复配后,在质量比为1-10:30-1范围内对澳洲坚果红褐斑病菌的共毒系数均大于120,表现为增效作用。
表3小檗碱和吡唑萘菌胺复配对澳洲坚果红褐斑病菌的室内生物活性测定
由表3可知,小檗碱和吡唑萘菌胺复配后,在质量比为1-10:15-1范围内对澳洲坚果红褐斑病菌的共毒系数均大于120,表现为增效作用。
综上,小檗碱与中生菌素、氰烯菌酯或吡唑萘菌胺复配后具有很好的协同增效作用,可以提高对澳洲坚果红褐斑病的防治效果,可以减少农药施用剂量,降低防治成本和农药残留。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病的杀菌组合物,其特征在于,其有效成分由小檗碱与中生菌素、氰烯菌酯或吡唑萘菌胺复配而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于,所述小檗碱与中生菌素的质量比为1-20:20-1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于,所述小檗碱与氰烯菌酯的质量比为1-10:30-1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物,其特征在于,所述小檗碱与吡唑萘菌胺的质量比为1-5:15-1。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的杀菌组合物在防治澳洲坚果红褐斑病中的用途。
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