CN116896227A - 轮内电动机的冷却构造 - Google Patents

轮内电动机的冷却构造 Download PDF

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CN116896227A
CN116896227A CN202310146490.5A CN202310146490A CN116896227A CN 116896227 A CN116896227 A CN 116896227A CN 202310146490 A CN202310146490 A CN 202310146490A CN 116896227 A CN116896227 A CN 116896227A
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knuckle
cooling
wheel
stator
flow path
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宫园秀明
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/18—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with ribs or fins for improving heat transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/193—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil with provision for replenishing the cooling medium; with means for preventing leakage of the cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
    • H02K9/227—Heat sinks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0061—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being parallel to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

本发明提供一种轮内电动机的冷却构造，具备旋转电机和转向节。所述旋转电机构成为使固定有轮的轮毂旋转。所述转向节将所述轮毂以能够旋转的方式进行支承，并且与所述旋转电机的定子接触地设置。在此，在所述转向节设置有一个以上的在所述车轮的轴线方向上延伸的冷却翅片。

Description

轮内电动机的冷却构造
技术领域
本发明涉及轮内电动机的冷却构造。
背景技术
在日本特开2010-148272号公报中公开了如下技术：一种轮内电动机的冷却装置，在固定有定子的壳体的外周部且轮内电动机的下部配置电动机散热翅片，并在轮内电动机的外部设置空冷风扇来对电动机散热翅片进行空冷。
发明内容
但是，在日本特开2010-148272所公开的技术中，冷却性能存在改善的余地。
本发明是鉴于上述课题而完成的，其目的在于提供一种能够实现冷却性能的提高的轮内电动机的冷却构造。
本发明的第一方式所涉及的轮内电动机的冷却构造是设置在车轮的轮内的轮内电动机的冷却构造。
具备：旋转电机，构成为使固定有所述轮的轮毂旋转；及
转向节，将所述轮毂以能够旋转的方式进行支承，并且与所述旋转电机的定子接触地设置。
在此，在所述转向节设置有一个以上的在所述车轮的轴线方向上延伸的冷却翅片。
根据这样的结构，在从旋转电机的定子传递热的转向节，考虑在轮内的风的流动方向而设置冷却翅片。因此，能够提高轮内电动机的冷却性能。
在上述第一方式所涉及的轮内电动机的冷却构造中，也可以是，所述冷却翅片配置于所述转向节的车辆后方侧的脚部的周向的侧面。
根据这样的结构，能够在风速大的部位配置冷却翅片而提高冷却性能。
在上述第一方式所涉及的轮内电动机的冷却构造中，也可以是，所述冷却翅片仅配置于所述转向节的车辆后方侧。
根据这样的结构，能够减少冷却翅片的数量而实现低成本化，并且高效地提高冷却性能。
本发明所涉及的轮内电动机的冷却装置起到如下效果：在从旋转电机的定子传递热的转向节，考虑在轮内的风的流动方向而设置冷却翅片，从而提高冷却性能。
附图说明
下面将参考附图描述本发明的示例性实施例的特征、优点以及技术和工业重要性，附图中相同的附图标记表示相同的元素，并且其中：
图1是表示实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机的概略结构的剖视图。
图2是表示车辆行驶过程中的搭载有轮内电动机的车轮周围的风的流动的图。
图3是在轴线方向上从内侧观察在转向节的位于车辆后方侧的脚部配置有冷却翅片的轮内电动机的图。
图4是在位于车辆后方侧的脚部配置有冷却翅片的转向节的立体图。
具体实施方式
以下，对本发明所涉及的轮内电动机的冷却构造的实施方式进行说明。另外，本发明不被本实施方式限定。
图1是表示实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1的概略结构的剖视图。实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1具有定子11和转子12。轮内电动机1设置在车轮的轮内。定子11具有定子芯111、定子线圈112和定子主轴113。另外，在大致环状的定子11的周围等间隔地配置有定子线圈112。定子线圈112通过接受来自电池的电力供给，能够产生规定速度的旋转磁场。定子主轴113通过螺栓14而固定于转向节13，该转向节13固定于悬架臂。该转向节13经由在外座圈(外圈)151与内座圈(内圈)152之间配置有多个滚珠的轮毂轴承15将轮毂16旋转自如地支承。
在定子11的外侧配置有具有轮缘部121和轮盘部122的转子12。转子12与定子11隔开规定间隔而旋转自如地配置。另外，在实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1中，转子12具有作为构成车轮的轮的构成要素的轮缘部121和轮盘部122。轮缘部121位于定子11的径向外侧。轮盘部122在定子11的轴线方向上位于外侧。另外，在本实施方式中，只要没有特别说明，所谓“轴线方向”就是指后述的车轴18的轴线AX延伸的方向。在轮缘部121的内周侧，以与定子11的定子芯111相对的方式配置有永久磁铁等磁铁123，随着旋转磁场的移动，转子12相对于定子11旋转。转子12通过轮毂螺栓17而固定于轮毂16，因此能够通过转子12的旋转而使车轮以规定速度旋转。
车轴18相当于搭载轮内电动机1的车轮的旋转轴，能够以轴线AX为中心进行旋转，车辆外方侧的端部通过卡止环19而固定于轮毂16。
机械式的泵20例如是对作为制冷剂的冷却液(油)进行加压输送的油泵等。作为构成泵20的固定部的内座圈201安装于轮毂轴承15的外座圈151，作为构成泵20的旋转部的外座圈202安装于轮毂16。并且，通过外座圈202随着轮毂16的旋转而旋转，泵20通过内座圈201与外座圈202之间的旋转差而驱动。另外，也可以代替机械式的泵20而使用电动式的泵。此时，电动式的泵只要设置于轮毂轴承15的外座圈151即可。
在定子芯111的内部，在轴线方向上排列设置有在定子11的周向上延伸且供冷却液流动的流路即第一冷却流路114和第二冷却流路115。第一冷却流路114与第二冷却流路115在定子芯111内彼此的一部分连通。
在转向节13的内部和定子11(定子芯111和定子主轴113)的内部，以将彼此连通的方式设置有用于使冷却液在定子芯111内的第一冷却流路114和第二冷却流路115与泵20之间循环的多个流路即去路流路131和回路流路132。去路流路131和回路流路132中的转向节13与定子11(定子主轴113)之间的连接部分位于在定子11的周向上不存在将转向节13与定子主轴113紧固的螺栓14的位置。另外，在去路流路131和回路流路132中的转向节13与定子11(定子主轴113)之间的连接部分装入有未图示的垫片，确保了在所述连接部分处的密封性。
去路流路131的流入侧的端部与泵20的喷出口连通，去路流路131的流出侧的端部与定子芯111内的第一冷却流路114连通。另外，回路流路132的流入侧的端部与定子芯111内的第二冷却流路115连通，回路流路132的流出侧的端部与泵20的流入口连通。
另外，转向节13只要考虑强度等，根据需要增大体型而在内部设置去路流路131和回路流路132等供冷却液流动的流路即可。作为在转向节13内设置去路流路131和回路流路132的方法，例如可以通过钻孔加工等在转向节13的壁面挖出与去路流路131和回路流路132对应的槽之后，用盖构件覆盖该槽。另外，例如也可以在通过铸造来制作转向节13时，通过在与去路流路131和回路流路132对应的部分设置型芯，从而在转向节13内设置去路流路131和回路流路132。
在实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1中，泵20随着轮毂16的旋转而驱动，由此，如图1所示，从泵20喷出的冷却液以按照去路流路131、第一冷却流路114、第二冷却流路115、回路流路132的顺序流过各流路并返回到泵20的方式循环。
在实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1中，利用泵20使冷却液循环。通过流过第一冷却流路114和第二冷却流路115的冷却液从定子芯111带走热，能够将定子芯111，进而将定子11冷却。另外，在从定子芯111接受了热的冷却液从第二冷却流路115流出到回路流路132，并依次流过回路流路132、泵20、去路流路131，再次流入到第一冷却流路114为止的期间，在去路流路131和回路流路132中冷却液的热传递到转向节13，并散热到在转向节13的周围流动的空气。
这样，在本实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1中，通过随着轮毂16的旋转而使泵20驱动，由此使冷却液经由去路流路131和回路流路132在第一冷却流路114和第二冷却流路115与泵20之间循环。通过这样的结构，能够在冷却液流过去路流路131和回路流路132的期间降低冷却液的温度，并且利用冷却液将定子芯111进而将定子11冷却。
另外，在实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1中，由于定子11(定子主轴113)与转向节13接触，因此定子11的热传递到转向节13。并且，这样传递至转向节13的热散热到在转向节13的周围流动的空气。
在此，如图2所示，在车辆行驶过程中，搭载有轮内电动机1的车轮100的轮内的风在轴线方向上从内侧向外侧流动。另外，在车轮100的轮内流动的风的风速越往车辆后方侧越大。
因此，作为实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1的冷却构造，如图3和图4所示，考虑轮内的风的流动方向，以沿着风的流动的方式，在转向节13的脚部130设置有一个以上的在轴线方向上延伸的冷却翅片30。具体而言，在实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1的冷却构造中，考虑车辆行驶过程中的在轮内的风速大的部位40，在转向节13的位于车辆后方侧的脚部130的周向的侧面配置有冷却翅片30。另外，所述冷却翅片30以向轴线方向延伸的方式配置有多个(8个)。由此，在实施方式所涉及的轮内电动机1的冷却构造中，能够从冷却翅片30高效地对转向节13的热进行散热，与未在转向节13设置冷却翅片30的情况相比，能够提高转向节13的冷却性能，进而提高定子11的冷却性能。
另外，作为冷却翅片30相对于转向节13的配置部位，只要考虑车辆行驶过程中的轮内的风的流动方向，以沿着该风的流动的方式，冷却翅片30以向轴线方向延伸的方式设置于转向节13即可。因此，冷却翅片30并不限于仅配置于转向节13的车辆后方侧，也可以配置于转向节13的其他部位。例如，也可以在转向节13的位于车辆前方侧的脚部130的周向的侧面，以使冷却翅片30向轴线方向延伸的方式配置冷却翅片30。另一方面，通过仅在转向节13的车辆后方侧配置冷却翅片30，能够减少冷却翅片30的数量而实现低成本化，并且高效地提高冷却性能。

Claims (3)

1.一种轮内电动机的冷却构造，所述轮内电动机设置于车轮的轮内，所述轮内电动机的冷却构造包括：
旋转电机，构成为使固定有所述轮的轮毂旋转；及
转向节，将所述轮毂以能够旋转的方式进行支承，并且与所述旋转电机的定子接触地设置，
在此，在所述转向节设置有一个以上的在所述车轮的轴线方向上延伸的冷却翅片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轮内电动机的冷却构造，其中，
所述冷却翅片配置于所述转向节的车辆后方侧的脚部的周向的侧面。
3.根据权利要求1所述的轮内电动机的冷却构造，其中，
所述冷却翅片仅配置于所述转向节的车辆后方侧。
CN202310146490.5A 2022-04-06 2023-02-15 轮内电动机的冷却构造 Pending CN116896227A (zh)

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