CN116869873A - 一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳及其制备方法。粒径为10~200nm,成分包含蒸参水或其活性组分、表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、油相和蒸馏水。本发明纳米乳成本低,制备方法简单,能显著清除自由基,抗氧化性强,渗透性好,具有较好的延缓衰老效果,可直接作为化妆品使用或者添加至化妆品中使用。本发明特点是可减少纳米乳制备中合成乳化剂的用量从而降低其毒性,同时增加了人参附加值,拓宽了蒸参水的综合利用,达到变废为宝的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化妆品和食品领域,具体涉及一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳及其制备方法,尤其涉及红参加工副产物—蒸参水或其活性组分干燥物的延缓衰老美白功效纳米乳产品。
背景技术
衰老在皮肤方面主要表现为皮肤松弛、干燥粗糙、弹性消失、皱纹增加、色素沉积等。
人参为传统著名补益药,已被纳入药食同源药材,可提高机体免疫力,具有抗衰老、抗氧化、抗疲劳、抗肿瘤等功效。蒸参水是红参加工过程中的副产物,年产量可观,其中含有人参皂苷、人参多糖、人参多酚、人参黄酮等多种活性组分,但常被当作废物丢弃,既污染环境又浪费资源。将蒸参水利用起来可实现变废为宝,但蒸参水本身粒径较大且均一性差,需要赋予其一定的改良才可被实际应用。
纳米乳作为药物载体,可将药物包于液滴中,且粒径小,可增加药物稳定性,改善不同药物溶解性和渗透性,有利于促进药物的吸收,提高生物利用度。但纳米乳常需要加入大量乳化剂和助乳化剂,具有潜在毒性,也成为纳米乳发展得壁垒。人参的主要活性组分之一人参总皂苷,具有表面活性剂的两亲性,可起到“药辅合一”的作用,减少纳米乳制备中乳化剂用量。
利用蒸参水干燥物作为抗衰老组分,以纳米乳作为其递送载体,开发蒸参水纳米乳的组合物,减少纳米乳制备中乳化剂的用量,同时达到废物利用目的,促进蒸参水资源综合利用,增加红参的附加值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于应用富含多种抗衰老有效组分的蒸参水,将其制成纳米乳,解决了纳米乳乳化剂用量过大的不足,提供一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳及其制备方法。
实现上述发明目的技术方案是一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,该制剂是一种水包油型纳米乳,粒径介于10~200nm,优选为下述重量百分比的原料组成:1%~15%聚氧乙烯醚氢化蓖麻油RH40,0.5%~10%聚乙二醇400,0.2%~6%甘油,0.2%~6%肉豆蔻酸异丙酯,0.05%~10%蒸参水或其活性组分干燥物,余量为蒸馏水,上述原料的总质量比为100%。
本发明所述活性组分为人参总多糖、人参总皂苷、人参总黄酮和人参总多酚。
本发明所述的蒸参水干燥物,通过干燥获得,干燥方法为减压干燥、喷雾干燥或冷冻干燥中任何一种。
本发明所述的表面活性剂是吐温-80、吐温-60、吐温-40、吐温-20、氢化蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚-40、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚-40、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚-35、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚EL-35、司盘-80、卵磷脂中任何一种或混合表面活性剂;
本发明所述的助表面活性剂为聚乙二醇200、聚乙二醇400、甘油、1,2-丙二醇、乙醇中的任何一种或混合助表面活性剂;
本发明所述的油相是肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、橄榄油、花生油、大豆油、松子油、玉米油、紫苏油、葵花籽油中的任何一种或混合油;
本发明另一目的是提供上述基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取蒸参水或其活性组分干燥物、表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、油和蒸馏水,备用;
(2)将表面活性剂和助表面活性剂混匀,然后加入油相,搅拌均匀,即为油相;
(3)25℃下蒸参水或其活性组分干燥物溶于蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌或者超声使其溶解即为水相;
(4)25℃不断搅拌或超声下,将水相缓慢滴加到混合油相中,二者混匀,即得蒸参水或其活性组分纳米乳。
经检索,未见抗衰老蒸参水纳米乳的组合物相关研究、专利和产品报道。本发明利用纳米乳的优点,将富含人参总皂苷等多种活性组分的蒸参水干燥物巧妙地融入到纳米乳中,平均粒径为10~200nm,流动性好,稳定性高。蒸参水中的主要活性组分之一人参总皂苷的类似表面活性剂的两亲性,可起到“药辅合一”的作用,减少纳米乳制备中乳化剂用量,抗衰老作用佳,可作为化妆品外用,也可以口服,达到废物利用目的,促进蒸参水资源综合利用,增加红参的附加价值。
附图说明
图1-2是本发明实施例1制得产品指标测定结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式更详细的阐述本发明,所举实例是以本发明技术方案为前提,但本发明要求的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
本发明所述的水相为7mg/mL的蒸参水冷冻干燥物溶液。
精确称取聚氧乙烯氢化(40)蓖麻油、甘油、1,2-丙二醇、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯加入烧杯中
在超声条件下迅速搅拌均匀然后向其中缓慢滴加蒸参水溶液,不断搅拌直至呈现澄清透明的淡黄色溶液,超声5~20min后即得水包油型蒸参水抗衰纳米乳。
实施例2
本发明所述的水相为7mg/mL的蒸参水人参总皂苷冷冻干燥物溶液。具体制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
本发明所述的水相为7mg/mL的蒸参水人参总黄酮冷冻干燥物溶液。具体制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
本发明所述的水相为7mg/mL的蒸参水人参总多糖冷冻干燥物溶液。具体制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5
本发明所述的水相为7mg/mL的蒸参水人参总多酚冷冻干燥物溶液。具体制备方法同实施例1。
体外功效性评价
取蒸参水及其活性成分纳米乳和DPPH溶液各2mL混合,室温避光反应30min,于517nm波长处测定吸光度。按照以下公式进行清除率计算,结果见表1。
其中A0:空白对照吸光度;A1:样品溶液吸光度;A2:蒸馏水代替DPPH时样品溶液吸光度。
表1体外DPPH自由基清除率测定结果
由表1可知,蒸参水及活性成分纳米乳可很好的清除DPPH自由基,避免其在皮肤积累,发生过氧化反应等,起到抗衰老效果。
抗衰老评价
将雌性豚鼠50只随机分成空白对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组、蒸参水组、空白纳米乳组、蒸参水纳米乳组、蒸参水人参总皂苷纳米乳组、蒸参水人参总多糖纳米乳组、蒸参水人参总黄酮纳米乳组和蒸参水人参总多酚纳米乳组共10组,每组5只,在25±2℃、50~70%相对湿度条件下适应性饲养5天。每日先用理发器剔除豚鼠背部长绒毛,再用脱毛膏二次脱毛。除空白组,将豚鼠置于紫外灯(UVA 40W,UVB 36W)下照射,照射距离30cm。从第一天照射10min后,时间依次递增,连续照射1周。模型建造成功后,除模型组照射早晚各涂抹0.5mL Vc水溶液,蒸参水或其活性成分冷冻干燥物纳米乳,正常对照组涂抹等量蒸馏水。末次UVA+UVB照射实验结束后,处死豚鼠,保存背部皮肤组织。
取豚鼠皮肤组织,按照试剂盒说明书方法测定豚鼠皮肤组织匀浆中SOD、MDA、GSH和HYP含量。
肉眼观察豚鼠皮肤外观变化,结果见附图1。对照组豚鼠实验期间的28d内,皮肤始终细腻光滑,色泽正常,呈淡粉色,富有弹性。但模型组豚鼠在7d,外背部皮肤均出现静态皱纹,色素明显沉着,皮肤松弛,光泽暗淡等现象,结果表明模型建造成功。随着照射时间延长,模型组豚鼠皮肤逐渐皱纹数量,深度明显增加,厚度逐渐增加,色素沉着日渐加重,呈现深紫色。涂抹Vc溶液后,皱纹明显减少,明显改善色素沉着。使用28d时,豚鼠皮肤已无明显皱纹,有轻微色素沉着,皮肤厚度略有增加,弹性良好。涂抹空白纳米乳组豚鼠皮肤无明显改善,使用28d后仍存在密集皱纹,大量色素沉着,弹性降低等现象。涂抹人参总皂苷纳米乳(TGI-NE)、人参总多糖纳米乳(GCP-NE)、人参总多酚纳米乳(GTF-NE)、人参总多酚纳米乳(GTP-NE)后,豚鼠皮肤皱纹逐渐减少,使用28d时皮肤有少量皱纹,色素中度沉积,呈淡紫色,弹性减退。而涂抹蒸馏水冷冻干燥物纳米乳(SGW-NE)后,豚鼠皮肤状况明显改善,第28d时无明显皱纹,有轻微色素沉着和少量红斑,弹性良好。与模型组有显著差别,相对于蒸参水(SGW)效果更佳,原因可能是其平均粒径较小,可更好的渗透皮肤,从而抗衰老。
SOD活性常用作评价人体抗衰老功效指标,结果见附图2。对照组中SOD酶活力为43.94U/mgprot,模型组SOD酶活力显著降低为20.81U/mgprot,VC溶液和蒸参水冷冻干燥物纳米乳(SGW-NE)均可明显增加SOD活性,分别为34.74U/mgprot和31.47U/mgprot,与模型组存在极显著差异(##p<0.01)。人参总皂苷纳米乳(TGI-NE)组同样可提高SOD酶活力为28.89U/mgprot,与模型组存在显著统计学意义(#p<0.05)。其余各组酶活力与模型组无显著差异。
脂质过氧化会产生降解产物丙二醛(MDA),常用作评价衰老指标。豚鼠皮肤组织中MDA含量变化结果见附图2。模型组中MDA含量明显高于对照组(**p<0.01)。对照组和模型组中MDA含量分别为3.59nmol/mgprot和8.60nmol/mgprot。VC和蒸参水冷冻干燥物纳米乳(SGW-NE)均可降低MDA含量,分别降低至4.03和6.23nmol/mgprot,与模型组差异显著(##p<0.01)。蒸参水(SGW)中分离纯化得到的活性成分纳米乳中,人参总皂苷纳米乳(TGI-NE)组MDA含量为7.30nmol/mgprot,与模型组相比差异显著(#p<0.05),其余活成分纳米乳组对MDA含量影响不明显,与模型组无显著差异。
GSH可抑制自由基过度累积,也可通过调节外来抗氧化剂保持还原状态,故GSH是抗衰老评价的重要生化指标。皮肤组织中GSH含量变化结果如附图2所示。对照组皮肤中GSH含量为58.15μmol/gprot,模型组经中GSH含量显著降低为26.40μmol/gprot(**p<0.01)。涂抹VC溶液和蒸参水冷冻干燥物纳米乳(SGW-NE)21d后,GSH含量明显增加,分别为52.33μmol/gprot和46.74μmol/gprot,均与模型组有极显著差异(##p<0.01)。相同质量浓度的人参总皂苷纳米乳(TGI-NE),同样可显著增加GSH含量39.07μmol/gprot,与模型组有极显著差异(##p<0.01)。人参总多糖纳米乳(GCP-NE)组使得皮肤中GSH含量为30.30μmol/gprot,与模型组有显著统计学意义(#p<0.05)。但其余从蒸参水中分离纯化的活性成分对GSH含量升高不显著,与模型组无显著差异。结果表明,蒸参水冷冻干燥物纳米乳、人参总皂苷纳米乳、人参总多糖纳米乳能提高谷胱甘肽含量,减少自由基积累而抗衰老。
胶原蛋白含量减少也是皮肤衰老的重要特征之一,而羟脯氨酸(HYP)是胶原蛋白至关重要的组成部分。皮肤组织中HYP含量变化结果如附图2所示。对照组和模型组豚鼠皮肤中HYP含量分别为6.40μg/g和2.91μg/g(**p<0.01),二者差异显著(**p<0.01)。结果表明,长期紫外线照射可使皮肤中HYP含量显著降低,加速皮肤衰老。涂抹Vc溶液可明显提高豚鼠皮肤中HYP含量,可达到5.48μg/g。蒸参水冷冻干燥物纳米乳(SGW-NE)与人参总皂苷纳米乳(TGI-NE)同样可明显增加皮肤中HYP含量,分别提高至4.89μg/g和4.65μg/g,与模型组有极显著差异(##p<0.01)。蒸参水(SGW)亦可以增加皮肤HYP含量为3.97μg/g,与模型组有显著性差异(#p<0.05),也低于蒸参水冷冻干燥物纳米乳(SGW-NE)。结果表明,构建蒸参水纳米体系能更好的促进经皮吸收,提高HYP含量。人参总多糖纳米乳(GCP-NE)与人参总多酚纳米乳(GTP-NE)组皮肤HYP含量为4.12和4.22μg/g,与模型组有显著统计学意义(#p<0.05)。但其余成分组中皮肤HYP含量仅略有升高,与模型组无显著差异。蒸参水活性成分提取纯化得到的活性组分的纳米乳人参总皂苷纳米乳、人参总多糖纳米乳、人参总多酚纳米乳可提高HYP含量,蒸参水冷冻干燥物纳米乳(SGW-NE)效果最佳,表明其可通过提高HYP含量,进而促进胶原蛋白的形成,赋予皮肤韧性和弹力,达到抗衰老的功效。
蒸参水及活性成分纳米乳可抑制自由基积累,改善皮肤状态,取得良好的延缓衰老效果,具有重要的实际应用价值和广阔的应用。
Claims (9)
1.一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,其特征在于,由下述重量百分比原料组成:
聚氧乙烯醚氢化蓖麻油RH40 1%~30%
聚乙二醇400 1%~20%
甘油 0.05 %~10%
肉豆蔻酸异丙酯 0.05 %~10%
蒸参水或其活性组分干燥物 0.01%~25%
余量为蒸馏水,上述原料的总质量比为100%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,其特征在于,所述活性组分为人参总多糖、人参总皂苷、人参总黄酮和人参总多酚。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,其特征在于,所述蒸参水或其活性组分为干燥物,干燥方法为减压干燥、喷雾干燥或冷冻干燥中任何一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为吐温-80、吐温-60、吐温-40、吐温-20、氢化蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚40、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚40、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚35、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚EL35、司盘80、卵磷脂中任何一种或混合表面活性剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,其特征在于,所述助表面活性剂为聚乙二醇200、聚乙二醇400、甘油、1,2-丙二醇、乙醇中任何一种或混合助表面活性剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,其特征在于,所述油相为肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、橄榄油、花生油、大豆油、松子油、玉米油、紫苏油、葵花籽油中的任何一种或混合油。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一所述的一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳的制备方法,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
(1)称取蒸参水或其活性组分干燥物、表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、油和蒸馏水,备用;
(2)将表面活性剂和助表面活性剂混匀,然后加入油,搅拌均匀,即为油相;(3)25℃下蒸参水或其活性组分干燥物溶于蒸馏水中,磁力搅拌或者超声使其溶解,即为水相;
(4)25℃不断搅拌或超声下,将水相缓慢滴加到混合油相中,二者混匀,即得蒸参水或其活性组分纳米乳。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,其特征在于,所述纳米乳平均粒径为10~200nm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于蒸参水的抗衰老纳米乳,其特征在于,直接使用或将其制成爽肤水、乳液、喷雾、面膜、精华、凝胶和膏霜。
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