CN116862008A - Ionic state information acquisition method and device, storage medium and measurement and control system - Google Patents

Ionic state information acquisition method and device, storage medium and measurement and control system Download PDF

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CN116862008A
CN116862008A CN202310966022.2A CN202310966022A CN116862008A CN 116862008 A CN116862008 A CN 116862008A CN 202310966022 A CN202310966022 A CN 202310966022A CN 116862008 A CN116862008 A CN 116862008A
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information
sequence
board
control
state information
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魏云清
汪成
吴亚
贺羽
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Chinainstru and Quantumtech Hefei Co Ltd
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Chinainstru and Quantumtech Hefei Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N10/00Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
    • G06N10/40Physical realisations or architectures of quantum processors or components for manipulating qubits, e.g. qubit coupling or qubit control
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N10/00Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena
    • G06N10/70Quantum error correction, detection or prevention, e.g. surface codes or magic state distillation

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Abstract

The invention discloses an ionic state information acquisition method and device, a storage medium and a measurement and control system, wherein the ionic state information acquisition method firstly acquires sequence information and control parameter information sent by an upper computer connected with a main control board of the ionic state information acquisition method, then stores the information in a data cache module of the main control board, then sends information cached by the main control board to corresponding function boards, each function board stores the received information, and when the function boards receive trigger information, a control signal can be generated according to the information, then an ion trap to be measured is controlled, and the ionic state information in the ion trap to be measured is acquired. Therefore, the ion state information acquisition method in the embodiment can improve the synchronism and convenience of the control system for controlling the ion trap.

Description

Ionic state information acquisition method and device, storage medium and measurement and control system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quantum computers, in particular to an ionic state information acquisition method and device, a storage medium and a measurement and control system.
Background
In the ion state control of the ion trap quantum computing platform, processing operations such as time sequence sine wave generation, time sequence pulse signal generation, fluorescence counting statistics and the like are included, along with the increase of the quantum control scale, the number of the realization of the requirements of the functions is increased, and the common electronic single board card equipment cannot provide enough support, so that the control is inconvenient and the synchronism is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide an ion state information acquisition method, which can improve the synchronization and convenience of the control and control system for controlling the ion trap.
A second object of the present invention is to propose a computer readable storage medium.
A third object of the present invention is to provide an ion state information collecting device.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a measurement and control system.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides an ionic information collection method, where the method is applied to a measurement and control system of a quantum computer, the measurement and control system includes a main control board and a plurality of functional boards, the main control board is connected with an upper computer, and the method includes: receiving sequence information and control parameter information sent by the upper computer, and storing the sequence information and the control parameter information in a data cache module of the main control board; the sequence information and the control parameter information are sent to corresponding function board cards; each functional board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information and waits for triggering; sending trigger information to the plurality of functional board cards so that the functional board cards generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured and controlled, and collecting ion state information in the ion trap to be measured and controlled; and receiving the ionic state information and forwarding the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
According to the method for acquiring the ionic state information, firstly, sequence information and control parameter information sent by an upper computer connected with a main control board are acquired, then the sequence information and the control parameter information are stored in a data cache module of the main control board, the sequence information and the control parameter information cached by the main control board are sent to corresponding function board cards, each function board card stores the received sequence information and the control parameter information, when the function board card receives trigger information, a control signal can be generated according to the sequence information and the control parameter information, then the ion trap to be detected is controlled according to the control signal, the ionic state information in the ion trap to be detected is acquired, and finally the main control board can receive the ionic state information and forward the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing. Therefore, the ion state information acquisition method in the embodiment can improve the synchronism and convenience of the control system for controlling the ion trap.
In some embodiments of the present invention, before receiving the sequence information and the control parameter information sent by the upper computer, the method further includes: receiving a search instruction sent by the upper computer; forwarding the search instruction to the functional board card, and receiving feedback information sent by the functional board card after responding to the search instruction; and sending the feedback information to the upper computer so that the upper computer establishes a hardware information list of the function board card according to the feedback information.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the buffering the sequence information and the control parameter information by the function board card includes: and the functional board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information according to the hardware information.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional board card includes a clock/trigger distribution board, a waveform generation board, a pulse generation board, and a counter acquisition board.
In some embodiments of the present invention, sending trigger information to the plurality of function boards, so that the function boards generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured, and collect ion state information in the ion trap to be measured, including: sending trigger information to a clock/trigger distribution board so that the clock/trigger signals uniformly send the trigger information to the waveform generation board, the pulse generation board and the counter acquisition board; when the waveform generation plate and the pulse generation plate are triggered, the waveform generation plate generates waveform signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information and controls the ion trap to be controlled, and the pulse generation plate generates pulse signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information and controls the ion trap to be controlled; when the counter acquisition board is triggered, the counter acquisition board acquires the ion state information in the ion trap to be controlled.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the main control board includes a PL (Progarmmable Logic, programmable logic) end and a PS (Processing System ) end, receives the ionic state information and forwards the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing, including: after the PL terminal receives the ionic state information, the ionic state information is stored in the data cache module and is subjected to interrupt processing; and when the PS end determines that the PL end is in an interrupt state, acquiring the ionic state information from the data cache module, and sending the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sequence information comprises a base waveform sequence and/or a Scan parameter sequence; the basic waveform sequence comprises an identifier for indicating whether parameter replacement is needed, and the Scan sequence comprises a cycle number for indicating the cycle number.
In some embodiments of the invention, the base waveform sequence and the Scan parameter sequence are each stored independently in different memories.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional board caches the sequence information and the control parameter information, and further includes: the function board card is reconstructed according to the Scan parameter sequence and the identification in the basic waveform sequence to obtain a reconstructed sequence, and the reconstructed sequence is stored in a sequence reconstruction FIFO (First Input First Output, first in first out) of the function board card.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional board card is configured to reconstruct according to the Scan parameter sequence and the identifier in the base waveform sequence to obtain a reconstructed sequence, and further includes: determining the play type of the reconstruction sequence according to the identification in the basic waveform sequence; the playing type comprises a non-parameter scanning experiment and a parameter scanning experiment, wherein the parameter scanning experiment comprises a non-parameter replacement experiment and a parameter replacement experiment; determining the arrangement mode of the basic waveform sequence according to the play type; and when the waveform triggering parameter replacement is determined according to the identification, replacing the basic waveform corresponding to the basic waveform address according to the cycle number of the Scan sequence to determine the reconstruction sequence.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the functional board card receives the trigger information, a host state machine in the functional board card reads the reconstructed sequence from the sequence reconstruction FIFO, and generates a control signal through a conversion module in the functional board card.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon an ion state information collection program, which when executed by a processor, implements the ion state information collection method according to the above embodiment.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the computer readable storage medium executes the ion state information acquisition program stored on the computer readable storage medium through the processor, so that the synchronism and convenience of the control and control system for controlling the ion trap can be improved.
To achieve the above objective, an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention provides an ionic information acquisition device, where the device is applied to a measurement and control system of a quantum computer, the measurement and control system includes a main control board and a plurality of functional boards, the main control board is connected with an upper computer, and the device includes: the receiving module is used for receiving the sequence information and the control parameter information sent by the upper computer and storing the sequence information and the control parameter information in the data cache module of the main control board; the sending module is used for sending the sequence information and the control parameter information to the corresponding functional board cards so that each functional board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information and waits for triggering; the control module is used for sending trigger information to the plurality of functional board cards, so that the functional board cards generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured and controlled, and collecting ion state information in the ion trap to be measured and controlled; the receiving module is also used for receiving the ionic state information and forwarding the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
According to the ion state information acquisition device in the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the receiving module receives the sequence information and the control parameter information sent by the upper computer connected with the main control board, the obtained sequence information and control parameter information are stored in the data buffer module of the main control board, and the sequence information and the control parameter information buffered by the main control board are sent to the corresponding function board card through the sending module, so that each function board card can store the received sequence information and control parameter information, and when the function board card receives the trigger information, a control signal can be generated according to the sequence information and the control parameter information, then the control module can control an ion trap to be detected according to the control signal, and acquire the ion state information in the ion trap to be detected, and finally, the receiving module receives the ion state information and forwards the ion state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing. Therefore, the ion state information acquisition device in the embodiment can improve the synchronism and convenience of the control system for controlling the ion trap.
To achieve the above object, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a test system, which includes the ionic information collecting device in the above embodiment.
The testing system in the embodiment can improve the synchronism and convenience of the control and control system for controlling the ion trap through the ion state information acquisition device in the embodiment.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measurement and control system according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for collecting ionic state information according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an ionic state information collection method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an ionic state information collection method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a playback architecture of a sequence in a no-parameter scan experiment according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a playback architecture with sequences in parameter scan experiments in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base waveform memory and scan parameter memory in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a playback architecture with sequences in parameter replacement experiments in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a playback architecture with a sequence in a parameter replacement experiment according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a waveform generation plate according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an FPGA in a waveform generation board according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a waveform generation plate according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the principle of frequency component synthesis in the digital domain 5 according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of an ionic state information collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a measurement and control system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes an ionic state information acquisition method and device, a storage medium and a measurement and control system according to the embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the measurement and control system of the quantum computer in the embodiment of the present invention includes a main control board 10 and a plurality of functional boards, where the main control board 10 is connected with an upper computer 200, the measurement and control system in this embodiment may be represented by a PXIe (Peripheral Component Interconnection extensions for Instrumentation Express, peripheral component interconnect extension facing the instrument system) chassis in fig. 1, and the functional boards may include a clock/trigger distribution board 21, a waveform generation board 22, a pulse generation board 23 and a counter acquisition board 24, and the main control board 10 includes a power conversion module 11, a communication module 12, a parameter storage module 16, a data buffer module 17, a time management module 18 and a ZYNQ (ZYNQ-7000 All Programmable Soc, a fully programmable chip), where the ZYNQ includes a high-speed serial interface 13, a synchronization module 14, a trigger module 15, a PL end and a PS end.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an ion state information collection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the invention provides an ionic state information acquisition method, which comprises the following steps:
s201, receiving sequence information and control parameter information sent by an upper computer, and storing the sequence information and the control parameter information in a data cache module of a main control board.
Specifically, the upper computer 200 may be connected to the main control board 10 through the communication module 12, and then the editing and downloading of the sequence information and the control parameter information are completed on the upper computer 200, specifically, the upper computer 200 may convert the sequence information and the control parameter information into communication protocol information, and then send the communication protocol information to the measurement and control system, and the main control board 10 in the measurement and control system may receive the communication protocol information sent by the upper computer 200 through the communication module 12. After receiving the communication protocol information, the main control board 10 parses the communication protocol information, and then stores the parsed sequence information and control parameter information in the data buffer module 17 of the main control board. It should be noted that, the control parameter information in this embodiment may be control action information of the measurement and control system, for example, information such as actions such as waveform downloading and playing, time of the corresponding actions, and the like, and may include instructions such as the number of cycles of the waveform.
S202, the sequence information and the control parameter information are sent to the corresponding function board card.
Specifically, after the storage of the sequence information and the control parameter information is completed, the main control board 10 may wait for the upper computer 200 to send the control information, and after receiving the control information sent by the upper computer 200, the main control board 10 will take the sequence information and the control parameter information out of the data buffer module 17 according to the content of the control information, and send them to the corresponding function boards, specifically, may forward them to each function board through a serdes interface in the back board of the main control board 10 in a broadcast manner. Of course, the control information is directly stored in the control parameter information, and then the main control board 10 can directly take out the sequence information and the control parameter information from the data buffer module 17 and send them to the corresponding functional board card.
And S203, each functional board caches the sequence information and the control parameter information and waits for triggering.
S204, trigger information is sent to the plurality of functional boards, so that the functional boards generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured and control the ion trap to be measured, and ion state information in the ion trap to be measured is collected.
Specifically, after receiving the sequence information and the control parameter information, the function board card may store the sequence information and the control parameter information on respective storage modules, wait for the trigger information, and the main control board 10 may send the trigger information to a plurality of function board cards, and after receiving the trigger information, the function board card may generate a control signal according to the sequence information and the control parameter, and then control the ion trap to be measured and controlled, where the function board card further has the function board card acquires the ion state information fed back by the ion trap to be measured and controlled. It will be appreciated that the waveform generation plate 22 and the pulse generation plate 23 in the functional board card are capable of controlling the ion trap in response to control signals, and the counter acquisition plate 24 is capable of acquiring the ion state information fed back by the ion trap. More specifically, the counter acquisition board 24 may count fluorescent pulses through PMTs (photo detectors), and send the fluorescent count coordinate data result to the main control board 10 through a serdes interface of the back plate of the counter acquisition board 24.
S205, the ionic state information is received and forwarded to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
Specifically, the counter acquisition board 24 may send the acquired ionic state information to the main control board 10, and the main control board 10 may send the acquired ionic state information to the upper computer 200 through the communication module 12 after receiving the ionic state information, and the upper computer 200 may perform operations such as analysis, fitting, and the like on the ionic state information.
In the above embodiment, the functional board card is in communication connection with the main control board 10 through a bus, and the main control board 10 may also receive information sent from outside through the modules such as the synchronization module 14, the trigger module 15, the clock management module 18, etc., and specific information may be set according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, before receiving the sequence information and the control parameter information sent by the upper computer, the method further includes:
s301, receiving a search instruction sent by the upper computer.
S302, the search instruction is forwarded to the functional board card, and feedback information sent by the functional board card after responding to the search instruction is received.
And S303, the feedback information is sent to the upper computer, so that the upper computer establishes a hardware information list of the function board card according to the feedback information.
Specifically, before receiving the sequence information and the control parameter information sent by the upper computer 200, the upper computer 200 needs to perform an initialization process, and more specifically, the main control board 10 may receive a search instruction sent by the upper computer 200, that is, the upper computer 200 initiates a broadcast search for device information, and because not all slots in the PXIe chassis are connected to the function boards, connection needs to be established between each function board and the corresponding slot. After receiving the search instruction sent by the upper computer 200, the main control board 10 can forward the search instruction to each functional board card, after receiving the search instruction, each functional board card feeds back the information such as the slot number, the function type, the channel number and the like of the functional board card, and after receiving the feedback information of the functional board card, the upper computer 200 can establish a layout in the PXIe chassis and a list of controllable boards/channels, namely, a hardware information list of the functional board card, thereby completing the initialization process.
In some embodiments, the main control board 10 receives the hardware information in the hardware information list included in the communication protocol information sent by the upper computer 200, and the function board caches the sequence information and the control parameter information, including: and the functional board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information according to the hardware information.
Specifically, if the upper computer converts the sequence information and the control parameter information into communication protocol information to transmit, the communication protocol information includes hardware information in the hardware information list described in the above embodiment. After the main control board 10 sends the sequence information and the control parameter information to the function board card, the function board card can analyze the corresponding sequence information and control parameter information with the target end being the own slot position according to the hardware information included in the communication protocol information received before, and then cache the sequence information and the control parameter information in the corresponding storage module to wait for triggering. That is, the function board card does not need to store all the sequence information and the control parameter information, but only needs to store the information corresponding to the slot phase, thereby greatly saving the data storage space.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, sending trigger information to a plurality of function boards, so that the function boards generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured, and collect ion state information in the ion trap to be measured, including:
s401, sending trigger information to the clock/trigger distribution board so that the clock/trigger signal can uniformly send the trigger information to the waveform generation board, the pulse generation board and the counter acquisition board.
S402, when the waveform generation plate and the pulse generation plate are triggered, the waveform generation plate generates waveform signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information and controls the ion trap to be measured, and the pulse generation plate generates pulse signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information and controls the ion trap to be measured.
S403, when the counter acquisition board is triggered, the counter acquisition board acquires the ion state information in the ion trap to be controlled.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, when the main control board 10 triggers the function board card, first, trigger information is sent to the clock/trigger distribution board 21, and after the clock/trigger distribution board 21 receives the trigger information, the trigger information may be uniformly sent to the waveform generation board 22, the pulse generation board 23 and the counter acquisition board 24, so as to trigger the waveform generation board 22, the pulse generation board 23 and the counter acquisition board 24 at the same time. Wherein, after the waveform generation board 22 receives the trigger information and is triggered, the waveform generation board 22 can generate a waveform signal according to the stored sequence information and the control parameter information, and then output the waveform signal to the ion trap; after the pulse generating plate 23 receives the trigger information and is triggered, the pulse generating plate 23 may generate a pulse signal according to the stored sequence information and control parameter information thereof, and then output the pulse signal to the ion trap to be controlled. After the ion trap to be controlled responds to the waveform signal and the pulse signal, if the counter acquisition board is triggered, the counter acquisition board can acquire the ion state information in the ion trap to be controlled, the specific counter acquisition board can count PMT fluorescent pulses in the ion trap to acquire the ion state information, and the upper computer can acquire the corresponding ion state information after analyzing and processing the PMT fluorescent pulse counts.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the main control board includes a PL end and a PS end, receives ionic state information and forwards the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing, including: after receiving the ionic state information, the PL end stores the ionic state information in a data cache module and carries out interrupt processing; when the PS end determines that the PL end is in an interrupt state, the PS end acquires the ionic state information from the data cache module and sends the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, it can be seen that the ZYNQ chip in the main control board 10 includes a PL end and a PS end, the PL end can directly receive the ionic state information sent by the counter acquisition board 24 through the bus, and then store the ionic state information in the data buffer module 17, and notify the PS end to take the number in an interrupt mode. That is, after the PL end stores the information in the data buffer module 17, the PS end performs interrupt processing, and after determining that the PL end is in the interrupt state, the PS end may acquire the information stored in the PL end from the data buffer module 17, and then send the information to the upper computer 200 through the communication module 12, so that the upper computer 200 may perform analysis fitting processing according to the received information.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sequence information includes a base waveform sequence and/or a Scan parameter sequence; the basic waveform sequence comprises an identifier for indicating whether parameter replacement is needed, and the Scan sequence comprises a cycle number for indicating the cycle number.
Specifically, the sequence information in this embodiment may include a base waveform sequence and/or a Scan parameter sequence, and play of any waveform type can be achieved by adjusting and reconstructing the base waveform sequence and/or the Scan parameter sequence. The base waveform sequence includes an identifier for indicating whether parameter replacement is required, that is, whether the parameter in the base waveform needs to be replaced can be determined by the identifier, so as to reconstruct another waveform sequence different from the current base waveform sequence. The Scan sequence includes a cycle number for indicating the number of cycles, and the number of times the current waveform signal needs to be repeated can be determined by the number.
In this embodiment, the functional board card is reconstructed according to the Scan parameter sequence and the identifier in the basic waveform sequence to obtain a reconstructed sequence, and further includes: determining a play type of the reconstruction sequence according to the identification in the basic waveform sequence, wherein the play type comprises a non-parameter scanning experiment and a parameter scanning experiment, and the parameter scanning experiment comprises a non-parameter replacement experiment and a parameter replacement experiment; determining the arrangement mode of the basic waveform sequence according to the play type; when the waveform trigger parameter replacement is determined according to the identification, replacing the basic waveform corresponding to the basic waveform address according to the cycle number of the Scan sequence to determine the reconstruction sequence.
Specifically, the play types of the sequence are various, and the play types can specifically comprise a no-parameter scan experiment and a parameter scan experiment, wherein the parameter scan experiment comprises a no-parameter replacement experiment and a parameter replacement experiment. In an ion trap experiment, when the play type of a sequence is determined, as long as any one waveform channel in the sequence has a scanning cycle, the ion trap experiment can be regarded as a parametric scanning experiment (all channels need to participate in the cycle), and if all channels have no scanning cycle, the ion trap experiment can be regarded as a no-parametric scanning experiment. Specifically, see table 1, where when the identifier (represented by the Scan enable bit in the figure) in the base waveform sequence is 1, it indicates that the experiment type is a parametric Scan experiment, when the Scan enable bit is 0, it indicates that the experiment type is a no-parametric Scan experiment, and in the parametric Scan experiment, there is a parametric substitution experiment when there is a Scan variable substitution, and no parametric substitution experiment when there is a Scan variable substitution.
TABLE 1
Type of experiment Whether or not there is a Scan variable substitution
No parameter Scan experiment (scan=0) Without any means for
With parameter Scan experiment (scan=1) Part of channels are provided, and part of channels are not provided
More specifically, taking two channels per board card as an example, as shown in fig. 5, in the play architecture of the sequence in the no-parameter Scan experiment, scan=0 indicates the no-parameter Scan experiment, the channel 1 basic waveform sequence is 1 to X1, the channel 2 basic waveform sequence is 1 to X2, and in the no-parameter Scan experiment, both channels have no parameter substitution. Therefore, after the experiment is started, the channels 1 and 2 play the basic waveform sequences of 1 to X, and meanwhile, the experiment cycle Y is taken as the cycle number, and after the (1 to X) X Y play is finished, a parameter-free scanning experiment is finished.
As shown in fig. 6, in the playback architecture with the sequence in the parameter Scan experiment, scan=1 indicates that there is a parameter Scan experiment, that is, scan cycle experiment, the number of Scan cycles is N, there is parameter substitution in channel 1, the playback sequence is Scan sequence 1 to N, channel 2 has no parameter substitution, and the playback sequence is basic waveform (1 to X) ×n. Therefore, after the experiment is started, the Scan sequence 1-N is played by the channel 1, and meanwhile, the experiment cycle Y is taken as the cycle number, and after the (Scan sequence 1-N) x Y is played, a Scan cycle experiment is completed; and the channel 2 plays the basic waveform (1-X) multiplied by N, and meanwhile takes the experimental cycle Y as the cycle number, and after the basic waveform (1-X) multiplied by N multiplied by Y is played, a Scan cycle experiment is completed.
As shown in fig. 7, the base waveform sequence and the Scan parameter sequence are stored in different memories, respectively, independently.
Specifically, the basic waveform sequence is stored in the basic waveform memory, the Scan parameters are stored in the Scan parameter memory, the basic waveform sequence and the Scan parameters are independently stored, and the storage mode of tiling and expanding adopted by the related ion trap multichannel time sequence generating board card is not carried out any more. Wherein the basic waveform sequence is stored from 1 to X, the Scan parameters are stored from 1 to N, and each Scan parameter internally defines a Scan cycle number which specifies the number of Scan cycles in which the current Scan parameter is located. In one example, as shown in fig. 8, in the basic waveforms 1 to X, only 1 group of basic waveforms needs to be replaced by Scan parameters, and then Scan loops in the Scan parameter memory are numbered 1,2,3,4, … …, and M (address number n=m). In another example, as shown in fig. 9, in the basic waveforms 1 to X, 2 groups of basic waveforms need to be replaced by Scan parameters, and then Scan cycle numbers in the Scan parameter memory are 1,2,3,4, … …, M (address number n=m×2).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the function board caches the sequence information and the control parameter information, and further includes: the functional board card is reconstructed according to the Scan parameter sequence and the identification in the basic waveform sequence to obtain a reconstructed sequence, and the reconstructed sequence is stored in a sequence reconstruction FIFO of the functional board card.
For illustration using the functional board card as the waveform generation board, referring to fig. 10, the waveform generation board includes a power conversion module, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array ) chip, a data storage module, a DAC (Digital to Analog Converter, digital-to-analog conversion) chip, and a gain filter module, and the FPGA chip includes a high-speed serial interface and a waveform generation module. After transmitting the waveform sequence parameters distributed by the main control board to the waveform generation board, the waveform generation board identifies the communication protocol content corresponding to the slot position of the waveform generation board according to the slot position number in the instruction, and then analyzes and downloads the waveform parameters to the basic waveform memory and the Scan parameter memory. And reading out the waveform sequence parameters cached in the basic waveform memory and the Scan parameter memory according to the play control instruction of the upper computer, generating a sine wave sequence of corresponding parameters in the waveform generation module, and outputting a waveform signal after processing through the DAC chip and the gain filtering module.
Specifically, referring to fig. 11, the serdes interface forwards protocol instruction parameters of the main control board (the protocol instruction parameters include slot numbers and channel numbers of boards to be analyzed), the boards identify according to the slot numbers and the channel numbers, analyze (analyze waveform playing parameter contents written by a host computer user) basic waveform parameters and Scan parameters of corresponding channels, write the basic waveform into a BRAM (Block Random Access Memory block random access memory), and write the Scan parameters into a DDR (Double Data Rate). After the downloading is completed, the Scan sequence reconstruction logic module reads out the basic waveform data in the basic waveform BRAM according to the address, writes the basic waveform data into the sequence reconstruction FIFO, and simultaneously judges the mark in each basic waveform sequence, namely the Scan enable bit of the basic waveform parameter, if the Scan enable bit is 0, the basic waveform parameter is normally written in, and if the Scan enable bit is 1, the Scan data in a group of Scan pre-reading FIFOs are read out, and the Scan data replaces the current basic waveform data to be written into the sequence reconstruction FIFO. After the writing of all waveform parameters in the basic waveform BRAM is completed, inquiring the global Scan circulation times, and if the circulation times are not finished, repeating the writing from the starting position of the basic waveform BRAM; before writing in a new Scan cycle, a group of special characters (the special characters are defined by the FPGA end, do not need software participation, and are inserted by the firmware itself) should be additionally inserted into the sequence reconstruction FIFO as a flag for phase clearing and a flag for Scan sequence cycle distinguishing. After the reconstruction sequence of all Scan circulation times is written, the global experiment circulation times are inquired, if the experiment circulation times are not finished, new Scan circulation writing is started, and the steps are repeated.
In this embodiment, when the functional board receives the trigger information, the master state machine in the functional board reads the reconstructed sequence from the sequence reconstruction FIFO, and then generates a control signal through the conversion module in the functional board.
Specifically, after the basic waveform parameters and the scan parameters are written into the sequence reconstruction FIFO through the above embodiment, the main state machine may perform parameter readout and DDS-IP core implementation of the sequence reconstruction FIFO according to the software play trigger and the mains synchronization trigger signal. In addition, the playing switching time of the waveform sequence of each pulse width can be designed to compensate the time in the signal transmission process, so that the pulse width of each section of waveform of the whole sequence is accurate.
In other embodiments, the waveform generation board 22 may further include a multi-frequency board, where the multi-frequency board uses logic waveform generation to synthesize multiple frequency components in the FPGA digital domain and output in a single channel of the DAC chip, so that the single-chip four-channel DAC can fulfill the addressing waveform requirement of 4ch×5Freq (four channels×five frequency components), and the multi-frequency waveform generation architecture is specifically shown in fig. 12.
In addition, the more the number of the digital domain synthesized frequency components, the larger the amplitude attenuation amount of each path of frequency components, and when 5 paths are synthesized in a single channel, the amplitude attenuation of each path is 8 times, and the digital domain 5 frequency component synthesis principle is specifically shown in fig. 13. The frequency 1 to the frequency 4 are synthesized and accumulated in pairs at first in the FPGA, the frequency 5 components participate in the synthesis of the last stage, so that the total stream is synthesized into 3 stages, the digital bit width is expanded from the initial 16 bits [15:0] to the 19 bits [18:0], and the final digital domain intercepts the high 16 bits [18:3] output. For each frequency component, the amplitude will decay by a factor of 2 to the 3, i.e. 8, decay.
The FPGA receives and analyzes the 4ch multiplied by 5Freq waveform editing sequence of the main control board through serdes, and writes waveform parameters into the BRAM and DDR storage space. And simultaneously waiting for playing triggering, and when the triggering is effective, all channels synchronously generate 20 paths of single-frequency time sequence waveforms (2 paths of parallel DDS-IP increase sampling rate and 40 paths of single-core DDS-IP) according to waveform parameters, simultaneously performing five-five synthesis, performing stream bit cutting, respectively writing 4 paths of multi-frequency waveforms into the DAC chip for framing, and outputting the waveforms generated by the DAC chip after gain amplification and low-pass filtering. The multi-frequency waveform analysis is similar to the single-frequency waveform analysis, but 5 frequency components exist in each channel, which is equivalent to 5 times of the channel quantity of the sequence analysis resource.
In summary, the method for acquiring the ionic state information in the embodiment of the invention can improve the synchronism and convenience of controlling the ion trap by the measurement and control system, can realize a diversified ionic state control mode in an integrated chassis (PXIe chassis), is applied to an ion trap quantum computing platform, and has wide compatibility and strong expansibility.
Further, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon an ion state information collection program which, when executed by a processor, implements the ion state information collection method according to the above-described embodiments.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the computer readable storage medium executes the ion state information acquisition program stored on the computer readable storage medium through the processor, so that the synchronism and convenience of the control and control system for controlling the ion trap can be improved.
Fig. 14 is a block diagram of an ion state information acquisition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Further, the ionic state information acquisition device 300 is applied to a measurement and control system of a quantum computer, the measurement and control system comprises a main control board and a functional board card, the main control board is connected with an upper computer, as shown in fig. 14, the ionic state information acquisition device 300 comprises: a receiving module 301, a control module 302 and a transmitting module 303.
The receiving module 301 is configured to receive sequence information and control parameter information sent by the upper computer, and store the sequence information and the control parameter information in a data cache module of the main control board; the sending module 303 is configured to send the sequence information and the control parameter information to the corresponding functional board, so that each functional board caches the sequence information and the control parameter information and waits for triggering; the control module 302 is configured to send trigger information to a plurality of function boards, so that the function boards generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured and acquire ionic state information in the ion trap to be measured; the receiving module 301 is further configured to receive the ionic state information and forward the ionic state information to the host computer for analysis.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ionic state information collection device 300 further includes an initialization module, where the initialization module is configured to receive a search instruction sent by the upper computer before receiving the sequence information and the control parameter information sent by the upper computer; forwarding the search instruction to the functional board card, and receiving feedback information sent by the functional board card after responding to the search instruction; and sending the feedback information to the upper computer so that the upper computer establishes a hardware information list of the function board card according to the feedback information.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the function board caches sequence information and control parameter information, including: and the functional board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information according to the hardware information.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional board card includes a clock/trigger distribution board, a waveform generation board, a pulse generation board, and a counter acquisition board.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the control module 302 is specifically configured to send trigger information to the clock/trigger distribution board, so that the clock/trigger signal sends the trigger information to the waveform generation board, the pulse generation board, and the counter acquisition board in a unified manner; when the waveform generation plate and the pulse generation plate are triggered, the waveform generation plate generates waveform signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information and controls the ion trap to be measured, and the pulse generation plate generates pulse signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information and controls the ion trap to be measured; when the counter acquisition board is triggered, the counter acquisition board acquires the ion state information in the ion trap to be controlled.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the main control board includes a PL end and a PS end, and the receiving module 301 is specifically configured to store the ionic state information in the data buffer module and perform interrupt processing after the PL end receives the ionic state information; when the PS end determines that the PL end is in an interrupt state, the PS end acquires the ionic state information from the data cache module and sends the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sequence information includes a base waveform sequence and/or a Scan parameter sequence; the basic waveform sequence includes an identifier for indicating whether parameter replacement is required, and the Scan sequence includes a cycle number for indicating the number of cycles.
In some embodiments of the invention, the base waveform sequence and the Scan parameter sequence are stored separately in separate memories.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the function board caches the sequence information and the control parameter information, and further includes: the functional board card is reconstructed according to the Scan parameter sequence and the identification in the basic waveform sequence to obtain a reconstructed sequence, and the reconstructed sequence is stored in a sequence reconstruction FIFO of the functional board card.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the function board card is reconstructed according to the Scan parameter sequence and the identifier in the basic waveform sequence to obtain a reconstructed sequence, and further includes: determining the play type of the reconstruction sequence according to the identification in the basic waveform sequence; the playing type comprises a non-parameter scanning experiment and a parameter scanning experiment, and the parameter scanning experiment comprises a non-parameter replacement experiment and a parameter replacement experiment; determining the arrangement mode of the basic waveform sequence according to the play type; when the waveform trigger parameter replacement is determined according to the identification, replacing the basic waveform corresponding to the basic waveform address according to the cycle number of the Scan sequence to determine the reconstruction sequence.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the functional board receives the trigger information, a master state machine in the functional board reads the reconstructed sequence from the sequence reconstruction FIFO, and then generates a control signal through a conversion module in the functional board.
It should be noted that, for the specific implementation of the ionic state information collection device in this embodiment, reference may be made to the specific implementation of the ionic state information collection method in the foregoing embodiment, and in order to avoid redundancy, the description is omitted here.
In summary, the ionic state information acquisition device in the embodiment of the invention can improve the synchronism and convenience of the control and control system for controlling the ion trap, can realize a diversified ionic state control mode in an integrated chassis (PXIe chassis), is applied to an ion trap quantum computing platform, and has wide compatibility and strong expansibility.
FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a measurement and control system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Further, as shown in fig. 15, another measurement and control system 400 is proposed in the present invention, and the measurement and control system 400 includes the ion state information acquisition apparatus 300 in the above embodiment.
The testing system in the embodiment can improve the synchronism and convenience of the control and control system for controlling the ion trap through the ion state information acquisition device in the embodiment.
It should be noted that the logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, may be considered as a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and may be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in embodiments of the present invention, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or as implying any particular number of features in the present embodiment. Thus, a feature of an embodiment of the invention that is defined by terms such as "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly indicate that at least one such feature is included in the embodiment. In the description of the present invention, the word "plurality" means at least two or more, for example, two, three, four, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise in the embodiments.
In the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise in the examples, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" as used in the examples should be interpreted broadly, e.g., the connection may be a fixed connection, may be a removable connection, or may be integral, and it may be understood that the connection may also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc.; of course, it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be in communication with each other, or in interaction with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific embodiments.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. The method is characterized by being applied to a measurement and control system of a quantum computer, wherein the measurement and control system comprises a main control board and a plurality of functional board cards, the main control board is connected with an upper computer, and the method comprises the following steps:
receiving sequence information and control parameter information sent by the upper computer, and storing the sequence information and the control parameter information in a data cache module of the main control board;
the sequence information and the control parameter information are sent to corresponding function board cards;
each functional board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information and waits for triggering;
sending trigger information to the plurality of functional board cards so that the functional board cards generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured and controlled, and collecting ion state information in the ion trap to be measured and controlled;
And receiving the ionic state information and forwarding the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to receiving the sequence information and the control parameter information sent by the host computer:
receiving a search instruction sent by the upper computer;
forwarding the search instruction to the functional board card, and receiving feedback information sent by the functional board card after responding to the search instruction;
and sending the feedback information to the upper computer so that the upper computer establishes a hardware information list of the function board card according to the feedback information.
3. The method for collecting ionic information according to claim 2, wherein the function board caches the sequence information and the control parameter information, comprising:
and the functional board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information according to the hardware information.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional board card comprises a clock/trigger distribution board, a waveform generation board, a pulse generation board, and a counter acquisition board.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein sending trigger information to the plurality of function boards to enable the function boards to generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured, and collecting the ion state information in the ion trap to be measured, comprises:
Sending trigger information to a clock/trigger distribution board so that the clock/trigger signals uniformly send the trigger information to the waveform generation board, the pulse generation board and the counter acquisition board;
when the waveform generation plate and the pulse generation plate are triggered, the waveform generation plate generates waveform signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information and controls the ion trap to be controlled, and the pulse generation plate generates pulse signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information and controls the ion trap to be controlled;
when the counter acquisition board is triggered, the counter acquisition board acquires the ion state information in the ion trap to be controlled.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the main control board includes a PL end and a PS end, receives the ionic state information and forwards the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis, and the method comprises:
after the PL terminal receives the ionic state information, the ionic state information is stored in the data cache module and is subjected to interrupt processing;
and when the PS end determines that the PL end is in an interrupt state, acquiring the ionic state information from the data cache module, and sending the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sequence information comprises a base waveform sequence and/or a Scan parameter sequence; the basic waveform sequence comprises an identifier for indicating whether parameter replacement is needed, and the Scan sequence comprises a cycle number for indicating the cycle number.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the base waveform sequence and the Scan parameter sequence are stored in separate memories.
9. The method for collecting ionic information according to claim 8, wherein the function board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information, further comprising:
and the functional board card is reconstructed according to the Scan parameter sequence and the identification in the basic waveform sequence to obtain a reconstructed sequence, and the reconstructed sequence is stored in a sequence reconstruction FIFO of the functional board card.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the functional board is configured to reconstruct according to the Scan parameter sequence and the identifier in the base waveform sequence to obtain a reconstructed sequence, and further comprising:
Determining the play type of the reconstruction sequence according to the identification in the basic waveform sequence; the playing type comprises a non-parameter scanning experiment and a parameter scanning experiment, wherein the parameter scanning experiment comprises a non-parameter replacement experiment and a parameter replacement experiment;
determining the arrangement mode of the basic waveform sequence according to the play type;
and when the waveform triggering parameter replacement is determined according to the identification, replacing the basic waveform corresponding to the basic waveform address according to the cycle number of the Scan sequence to determine the reconstruction sequence.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein when the functional board receives the trigger information, a host state machine in the functional board reads the reconstructed sequence from the sequence reconstruction FIFO, and generates a control signal through a conversion module in the functional board.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that an ion state information acquisition program is stored thereon, which when executed by a processor implements the ion state information acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. The utility model provides an ion state information acquisition device, its characterized in that, the device is applied to the measurement and control system of quantum computer, measurement and control system includes main control board and a plurality of function integrated circuit board, the main control board is connected with the host computer, the device includes:
The receiving module is used for receiving the sequence information and the control parameter information sent by the upper computer and storing the sequence information and the control parameter information in the data cache module of the main control board;
the sending module is used for sending the sequence information and the control parameter information to the corresponding functional board cards so that each functional board card caches the sequence information and the control parameter information and waits for triggering;
the control module is used for sending trigger information to the plurality of functional board cards, so that the functional board cards generate control signals according to the sequence information and the control parameter information to control the ion trap to be measured and controlled, and collecting ion state information in the ion trap to be measured and controlled;
the receiving module is also used for receiving the ionic state information and forwarding the ionic state information to the upper computer for analysis and processing.
14. A measurement and control system comprising the ionic information collection device of claim 13.
CN202310966022.2A 2023-07-31 2023-07-31 Ionic state information acquisition method and device, storage medium and measurement and control system Pending CN116862008A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118350476A (en) * 2024-06-11 2024-07-16 深圳量旋科技有限公司 Method for generating control pulse signal for random reference test and quantum measurement and control system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118350476A (en) * 2024-06-11 2024-07-16 深圳量旋科技有限公司 Method for generating control pulse signal for random reference test and quantum measurement and control system

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