CN116855676A - 一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法 - Google Patents
一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0075—Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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Abstract
一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法，钢的化学成分重量百分比为C≤0.03%，Si≤0.05%，Mn=0.25‑0.35%，P≤0.012%，S≤0.003%，Al≥0.020%，H≤1.2ppm，O≤12ppm，N≤40ppm，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质；关键工艺步骤包括：转炉+LF升温+RH洗槽模式自然脱碳+LF高碱度渣精炼+VD真空脱气+连铸保护浇注。本发明关键是利用转炉高拉碳、低温脱磷和挡渣出钢，LF升温RH洗槽模式进行自然脱碳，LF炉再造白渣脱氧脱硫，VD真空脱气。出钢钢水低碳、低磷且不过氧化，LF升温RH自然脱碳达到微碳，LF和VD再精炼实现低硅、低氧、低硫、低氢且少非金属夹杂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶金技术领域，涉及一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法。
背景技术
随着冶金技术的发展，对钢材质量提出了更高要求，既要实现微碳低硅，又要纯净度高，因此，如何同时有效实现微碳和钢水纯净度是冶炼生产中重要的研究内容。由于常规的冶炼难以满足微碳纯净钢的生产，因此，生产纯净度高的微碳低硅钢的技术研究具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法。钢种的化学成分组成重量百分比为：C≤0.03%，Si≤0.05%，Mn:0.25-0.35%，P≤0.012%，S≤0.003%，Al≥0.020%，H≤1.2ppm，O≤12ppm，N≤40ppm，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。根据化学成分及纯净钢的工艺技术要求，冶炼采用独特工艺，转炉+LF升温+RH洗槽模式脱碳+LF高碱度渣精炼+VD真空脱气+连铸保护浇注，通过转炉高拉碳、低磷挡渣出钢，将钢水的氧含量控制在600-800ppm，碳含量控制在0.04%以下、磷控制在0.010%以下，然后采用LF升温RH脱碳，RH洗槽模式进行自然脱碳，钢水循环处理时间10~12min，再进LF炉造白渣脱氧脱硫，最后VD进行真空脱气。研究出一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法，通过此方法成功生产出高纯净度微碳低硅钢。
本发明的技术方案：
一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法，包括工艺：
（1）转炉：转炉高拉碳、低磷挡渣出钢，控制钢水中O=600～800ppm，C≤0.04%，P≤0.010%；
（2）LF炉：升温至温度为1620～1650℃；
（3）RH炉：RH洗槽模式进行自然脱碳，钢水循环处理时间10～12min，控制C≤0.01%；
（4）LF炉：造白渣脱氧脱硫，控制碱度8～10，控制S≤0.003%、Si≤0.03%；
（5）VD炉：真空脱气，保真空10分钟以上，软吹15分以上。
本发明的优点：转炉+LF升温+RH洗槽模式自然脱碳+LF高碱度渣精炼+VD真空脱气独特工艺，通过转炉脱碳+LF炉升温RH洗槽模式进行自然脱碳，达到微碳低磷，然后LF炉采用高铝低硅预熔渣再造白渣脱氧脱硫、VD真空脱气，实现低硅，并且使钢水纯净度提高。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明之转炉、精炼控制等主要内容作进一步说明。
采用转炉+LF升温+RH洗槽模式自然脱碳+LF高碱度渣精炼+VD真空脱气+连铸保护浇注等工艺流程进行生产。
实施例1
一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法，铸坯规格350×430mm。钢的化学成分重量百分比为：C=0.022%，Si=0.041%，Mn=0.312%，P=0.009%，S=0.002%，Al=0.033%，H=1.09ppm，O=8.5ppm，N=37ppm，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。生产工艺步骤如下：
（1）转炉：出钢钢水的氧含量控制在683ppm以下，C≤0.033%，P≤0.008%；
（2）LF炉：升温，温度1638℃；
（3）RH炉：RH洗槽模式进行自然脱碳，钢水循环处理时间10min，碳含量达到0.005%；
（4）LF炉：采用高铝低硅预熔渣造白渣脱氧脱硫，硫含量0.0025%，硅含量0.024%；
（5）VD炉：保真空10分钟，定氢1.09ppm，软吹18分，定氧8.5ppm，氮含量37ppm。
实施例2
一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法，铸坯规格350*430mm。钢的化学成分重量百分比为：C=0.018%，Si=0.036%，Mn=0.295%，P=0.008%，S=0.001%，Al=0.042%，H=0.97ppm，O=7.8ppm，N=34ppm，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。生产工艺步骤如下：
（1）转炉：出钢钢水的氧含量748ppm，碳含量0.028%，磷含量0.007%；
（2）LF炉：升温，温度1642℃；
（3）RH炉：RH洗槽模式进行自然脱碳，钢水循环处理时间10min，碳含量达到0.004%；
（4）LF炉：采用高铝低硅预熔渣造白渣脱氧脱硫，硫含量0.0015%，硅含量0.018%；
（5）VD炉：保真空10分钟，定氢0.97ppm，软吹21分，定氧7.8ppm，氮含量34ppm。
Claims (1)
1.一种微碳低硅纯净钢的冶炼方法，其特征在于：钢的化学成分重量百分比为C≤0.03%，Si≤0.05%，Mn=0.25-0.35%，P≤0.012%，S≤0.003%，Al≥0.020%，H≤1.2ppm，O≤12ppm，N≤40ppm，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质；包括以下工艺步骤：
（1）转炉：转炉高拉碳、低磷挡渣出钢，控制钢水中O=600～800ppm，C≤0.04%，P≤0.010%；
（2）LF炉：升温至温度为1620～1650℃；
（3）RH炉：RH洗槽模式进行自然脱碳，钢水循环处理时间10～12min，控制C≤0.01%；
（4）LF炉：造白渣脱氧脱硫，控制碱度为8～10，控制S≤0.003%、Si≤0.03%；
（5）VD炉：真空脱气，保真空10分钟以上，软吹15分以上。
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