CN116854551A - Solid working medium for improving laser micro-propulsion performance and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Solid working medium for improving laser micro-propulsion performance and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116854551A CN116854551A CN202310792280.3A CN202310792280A CN116854551A CN 116854551 A CN116854551 A CN 116854551A CN 202310792280 A CN202310792280 A CN 202310792280A CN 116854551 A CN116854551 A CN 116854551A
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- UJMDYLWCYJJYMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O UJMDYLWCYJJYMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OHLSHRJUBRUKAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1O OHLSHRJUBRUKAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GPNNOCMCNFXRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoterephthalic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1C(O)=O GPNNOCMCNFXRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 62
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 10
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013148 Cu-BTC MOF Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHQSYGRFZMUQGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylformamide;hydrate Chemical compound O.CN(C)C=O WHQSYGRFZMUQGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/40—Arrangements or adaptations of propulsion systems
- B64G1/409—Unconventional spacecraft propulsion systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/182—Graphene
- C01B32/184—Preparation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a preparation method of a solid working medium for improving laser micro-propulsion performance, which comprises the following steps: firstly, placing metal salt and an organic ligand in a solvent, and obtaining a first product through coordination reaction; secondly, the first product is subjected to solvent replacement and drying treatment to obtain a second product; and finally, placing the second product in an inert atmosphere for heat treatment, or adopting nanosecond laser to continuously scan the second product to obtain a solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance. In the solid working medium prepared by the application, metal cations are uniformly coated by carbon, so that the mass is lighter, and the light absorptivity is higher; the single pulse ablation quality is only 20% of that of single element material and 12.5% of that of high polymer. In addition, the thrust obtained by the single pulse ablation quality of the solid working medium is 4 times of that of a single element material and 5 times of that of a high polymer, so that the performance of a laser micro-propulsion technology is improved, and the laser micro-propulsion device has wide popularization and application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of preparation of a working medium material for laser micro-propulsion, and particularly relates to a solid working medium for improving laser micro-propulsion performance and a preparation method thereof, and application of the solid working medium in improving the laser micro-propulsion performance.
Background
The laser micro-propulsion technology is used as a novel propulsion technology for generating high-speed reverse spray plume based on interaction of working medium and strong laser, so that high-speed flight, rail transformation and steering of the spacecraft are realized. Compared with the traditional chemical micro-propulsion technology, the method has the advantages of low cost, light weight, high load specific gravity, no delay starting, short emission period, safety and reliability, large thrust adjustment range, high control precision and the like.
The working medium commonly used in the laser micro-propulsion technology comprises a solid working medium and a liquid working medium, and the liquid working medium can obtain a larger impulse coupling coefficient, but the specific impulse is very small, so that the liquid drop splashing phenomenon is easy to occur in the laser ablation process, and the laser ablation efficiency is greatly reduced. In addition, the liquid working medium has the risk of leakage in the carrying process. The solid working medium has the advantages of easy molding, stable performance, easy carrying, difficult leakage and the like. Existing solid working media can be generally classified into unit material materials, such as metal or nonmetal materials, and high polymer materials. For the high molecular polymer, the high molecular polymer has the advantages of low density, portability, low price, easy processing and the like, but has a plurality of disadvantages: for example, with a deeper single pulse ablation depth and a greater single pulse ablation quality. Therefore, although the high molecular polymer can obtain a larger impulse coupling coefficient, the obtained specific impulse is smaller because of larger single pulse ablation depth. For single element materials, the single pulse ablation depth is smaller, so that larger specific impulse can be obtained, but the generated impulse coupling coefficient is smaller. In order to improve the comprehensive micro-propulsion performance of the solid working medium, the unit material is generally mixed into the high-molecular polymer, and although the comprehensive micro-propulsion performance of the doped high-molecular polymer is improved, adverse phenomena such as particle agglomeration, uneven doping, local collapse and reagglomeration of ablation products are easy to occur in the doping process, and the further improvement of the comprehensive performance of the solid working medium is limited, so that the application of the solid working medium in the laser micro-propulsion technology is limited.
Based on the method, the solid working medium with lower single pulse ablation quality and higher thrust can be obtained, and the method has important significance for improving the performance of the laser micro-propulsion technology and is also a technical problem to be solved. In view of this, the present application has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a preparation method of a solid working medium with lower single-pulse ablation quality and higher thrust for improving laser micro-propulsion performance.
The second purpose of the application is to provide a solid working medium with lower single pulse ablation quality and higher thrust for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance.
The application further aims to provide an application of the solid working medium in improving the laser micro-propulsion performance.
One of the achievement purposes of the application adopts the technical proposal that: the preparation method of the solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, placing metal salt and an organic ligand in a solvent according to a certain proportion, and reacting at a certain temperature to form coordination between metal cations and the organic ligand to obtain a first product;
s2, performing solvent replacement on the first product, and drying to obtain a second product;
s3, placing the second product in an inert atmosphere, heating to 350-1000 ℃ and performing heat treatment for 1-8 h, or adopting nanosecond laser with power of 1-10W to continuously scan the second product for 20-60S to obtain a solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance.
The general idea of the preparation method of the solid working medium provided by the application is as follows:
the principle of the laser micro-propulsion technology is that a working medium and high-energy laser interact to generate high-speed reverse spray plume, so that the novel propulsion technology for high-speed flight, rail transformation and steering of the spacecraft is realized. The metal organic framework material is used as a highly ordered crystalline porous polymer and is formed by connecting metal ions and organic ligands. The derivative of the metal organic frame material inherits the large specific surface area and the porous structure of the metal organic frame material, and in addition, the derivative is connected with the metal ions in a staggered way by the organic ligand, so that the agglomeration of metal nano particles and metal oxides can be avoided. In addition, the introduction of the derivative pore structure of the metal organic framework material can also effectively reduce the density of the material, and meanwhile, the prepared derivative has good chemical stability and thermal stability.
Based on the method, the preparation method of the solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance is improved. Firstly, carrying out coordination reaction on metal salt and an organic ligand in a solvent to prepare a first product; then, carrying out solvent replacement and drying treatment on the first product to obtain a second product (metal organic framework precursor material); finally, the metal organic framework precursor material is subjected to heat treatment at a specific temperature, or is continuously scanned by adopting nanosecond laser, so that a black powdery product (derivative of the metal organic framework material) is obtained, the derivative material presents a 3D structure of carbon or graphene coated metal nano particles, the absorptivity of solid working media to light can be further improved, the quality of single-pulse laser ablation is reduced, and the metal organic framework precursor material is used as a laser propellant, so that the laser micro-propulsion performance can be remarkably improved. Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment is 350-600 ℃; the power of the nanosecond laser is 3-9W.
Further, the metal salt comprises one or more of nitrate, hydrated nitrate, chloride, hydrated chloride and acetate of metal; the metal is selected from one of copper, iron, zinc, magnesium and aluminum.
Preferably, the metal salt is selected from one or more of hydrated ferric nitrate, hydrated copper nitrate, hydrated zinc nitrate, hydrated magnesium nitrate, hydrated aluminum nitrate, hydrated ferric chloride, hydrated nickel nitrate, copper chloride, copper acetate.
More preferably, the metal salt is selected from one or more of copper nitrate, hydrated copper nitrate, copper chloride, copper acetate.
Further, in step S1, the organic ligand includes one or more of benzene tricarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, dihydroxyterephthalic acid, 2-amino terephthalic acid, or bipyridine.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the metal salt to the organic ligand is (0.1-1): 0.1-1.
Further, in step S1, the solvent is selected from one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, and deionized water.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the metal salt to the solvent is 1 (10-50) g/mL.
In step S1, the reaction temperature is 65-120 ℃ and the reaction time is 2-48 h.
Preferably, the preparation method of the first product comprises the following steps: mixing hydrated copper nitrate and trimellitic acid in a solvent according to a mass ratio of 2:1, performing ultrasonic treatment to completely melt solid particles, heating to 65-100 ℃ and preserving heat for 2-24 hours to obtain a first product; the solvent is formed by mixing N, N-dimethylformamide, ethanol and deionized water according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1; the mass volume ratio of the hydrated copper nitrate to the solvent is 1 (30-45) g/mL.
Further, in step S2, the solvent replacement includes: and adopting one or more of absolute ethyl alcohol, water and N, N-dimethylformamide for multiple replacement.
Further, in step S3, the heating rate of the heat treatment is 1-10 ℃/min. Preferably, the heating rate of the heat treatment is 3 to 6 ℃/min.
Further, in step S3, the speed of nanosecond laser continuous scanning is 50-100 mm/S. Specifically, the second product prepared in step S2 is placed in a hollow mold, the mold containing the second product is held and fixed with a glass sheet, and then scanned with a nanosecond laser. Preferably, the mold is made of copper foil.
Preferably, the solid working medium prepared in the step S3 is pressed and formed into a sheet or block for later use.
The second technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the application is as follows: there is provided a solid working medium for improving laser micro-propulsion performance, which is prepared by the preparation method according to one of the purposes of the application. In the solid working medium, metal cations are uniformly coated by carbon.
The third technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the application is as follows: there is provided the use of a solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance, said solid working medium being produced by a production method according to one of the objects of the application. The application comprises: the solid working medium is used as a laser propellant for laser micro-propulsion, and plasma reflection plumes are generated on the surface of the solid working medium under the impact action of high-energy nanosecond laser to form micro-thrust, so that the flying, rail changing and steering of the spacecraft are realized.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the preparation method of the solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance, provided by the application, the metal organic frame precursor material is subjected to heat treatment, or the surface of the metal organic frame precursor material is continuously scanned by adopting nanosecond laser, so that the derivative for preparing the metal organic frame material has various advantages; firstly, the derivatives of the metal organic frame material inherit the large specific surface area and the porous structure of the metal organic frame material; secondly, the organic ligands and the metal ions are connected in a staggered way, so that agglomeration of metal nano particles and metal oxides can be avoided; thirdly, the density of the material can be effectively reduced by introducing the derivative pore structure of the metal organic framework material; fourth, the derivatives of the metal organic framework materials have good chemical stability and thermal stability. The derivative of the metal organic frame material is subjected to tabletting treatment to prepare a solid working medium, so that the laser micro-propulsion performance can be effectively improved.
(2) The solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance is different from the traditional single-element material, high-molecular polymer or doped high-molecular polymer, is mainly in a carbon coated structure, metal cations are uniformly coated by carbon, and the prepared derivative solid working medium of the metal organic frame material has lighter mass and higher light absorptivity, and can reach more than 99 percent. The single pulse ablation quality is only 20% of that of single element material and 12.5% of that of high polymer. In addition, the thrust obtained by the single pulse ablation quality of the derivative solid working medium of the prepared metal organic frame material is 4 times that of the single element material and 5 times that of the high polymer, so that the performance, safety and reliability of the laser micro-propulsion technology are improved, and the method has wide popularization and application prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of a derivative of a metal-organic framework material prepared using a high temperature oven at 500℃according to example 3 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a TEM image of a derivative of a metal-organic framework material prepared at 5W using a nanosecond laser in example 4 of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows the absorbance of light at different wavelengths of derivatives of metal organic framework materials prepared according to embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a torsion pendulum device for measuring laser micro-thrust according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a thrust distribution diagram obtained by single pulse ablation quality of the solid working media prepared in example 1 and example 2;
FIG. 6 is a thrust distribution plot obtained for the single pulse ablation mass of the solid working media prepared in example 3;
FIG. 7 is a thrust distribution plot obtained for the single pulse ablation quality of the solid working media prepared in examples 4 and 5;
fig. 8 is a thrust distribution diagram obtained by single pulse ablation quality of the solid working substance prepared in example 6.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The application will be further illustrated, but is not limited, by the following examples.
Example 1
Step 1), weighing 0.4g of hydrated copper nitrate, 0.2g of benzene tricarboxylic acid, 5mL of N, N-dimethylformamide, 5mL of ethanol and 5mL of deionized water by a chemical day, and mixing the materials into a 20mL glass bottle;
step 2) the glass bottle is then subjected to ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic machine until the solid particles are completely melted, and then the glass bottle is placed in a high-temperature furnace to be heated to 85 ℃ and kept for 4 hours;
after the step 3) is heated, cooling to normal temperature, replacing the mixture with absolute ethyl alcohol and N, N-dimethylformamide for 3 times, and carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained blue powder, and cooling to obtain the HKUST-1 metal organic frame precursor material;
step 4) placing the HKUST-1 metal organic frame precursor material prepared in the step 3) into a high-temperature tube furnace, vacuumizing, then introducing nitrogen or argon, controlling the heating rate to be 5 ℃/min, the heating temperature to be 350 ℃ and the heating time to be 8 hours, and obtaining the derivative of the metal organic frame material; TEM of the prepared derivative of the metal organic frame material is shown in figure 1, and as can be seen from figure 1, the metal nano particles are coated by carbon, the carbon is in an amorphous form, and the particle size of the metal nano particles is relatively uniform;
and 5) tabletting the derivative solid working medium of the metal organic frame material prepared in the step 4) to prepare the solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance.
Example 2
Compared with example 1, the difference is that: the test was performed with the heating rates controlled to be 1℃per minute, 3℃per minute, 7℃per minute, 9℃per minute or 10℃per minute, respectively, and the other conditions were the same as in example 1. Subsequently, derivatives of the metal organic framework material were prepared and tableted as described in example 1 to obtain a solid working medium.
Example 3
Compared with example 1, the difference is that: the heating temperature and heating time of step 4) were adjusted to 400 ℃ (8 h), 450 ℃ (7 h), 500 ℃ (6 h), 550 ℃ (5.5 h), 600 ℃ (5 h), 650 ℃ (4.5 h), 700 ℃ (4 h), 750 ℃ (3.5 h), 800 ℃ (3 h), 850 ℃ (2.5 h), 900 ℃ (2.5 h), 950 ℃ (2 h), 1000 ℃ (2 h), respectively, and the other conditions were the same as in example 1. Subsequently, derivatives of the metal organic framework material were prepared and tableted as described in example 1 to obtain a solid working medium.
Example 4
Compared with example 1, the difference is that: step 4) and step 5) differ, i.e. the preparation method of the derivatives of the metal organic framework material is different.
Two glass sheets were prepared, a 10 mm-diameter copper foil (thickness of about 0.2 mm) was placed in the middle of the glass sheets, the prepared HKUST-1 metal organic frame precursor material was placed in the middle of the copper foil, and then the two glass sheets were fixed with an adhesive tape. The surface of HKUST-1 was continuously scanned with a 5W nanosecond laser (scanning speed: 75 mm/s) for 40s to obtain a derivative of the metal-organic framework material, and a TEM of the derivative of the metal-organic framework material was prepared as shown in FIG. 2. As can be seen from the figure, the metal nanoparticles are coated with carbon, the carbon takes the form of graphene, and the particle size of the metal particles is relatively uniform. And tabletting the prepared derivative of the metal organic framework material to prepare the solid working medium.
Example 5
Compared with example 4, the difference is that: the power and scanning time of the nanosecond laser were adjusted to be 1W (60 s), 2W (55 s), 3W (50 s), 4W (45 s), 6W (35 s), 7W (30 s), 8W (25 s), 9W (20 s), 10W (20 s), respectively, and the other conditions were the same as in example 4. Subsequently, derivatives of the metal organic framework material were prepared and tableted as described in example 4 to obtain a solid working medium.
Example 6
Compared with example 4, the difference is that: the scanning speed of the nanosecond laser was 50mm/s, 55mm/s, 560mm/s, 65mm/s, 70mm/s, 80mm/s, 85mm/s, 90mm/s, 95mm/s or 100mm/s, and the other conditions were the same as in example 4. Subsequently, derivatives of the metal organic framework material were prepared and tableted as described in example 4 to obtain a solid working medium.
Comparative example
Step 1), weighing 0.4g of hydrated copper nitrate, 0.2g of benzene tricarboxylic acid, 5mL of N, N-dimethylformamide, 5mL of ethanol and 5mL of deionized water by a chemical day, and mixing the materials into a 20mL glass bottle;
step 2) the glass bottle is then subjected to ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic machine until the solid particles are completely melted, and then the glass bottle is placed in a high-temperature furnace to be heated to 85 ℃ and kept for 4 hours;
after the step 3) is heated, cooling to normal temperature, replacing the mixture with absolute ethyl alcohol and N, N-dimethylformamide for 3 times, and carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained blue powder, and cooling to obtain the HKUST-1 metal organic frame precursor material;
and 4) tabletting the metal organic framework precursor material prepared in the step 3) to obtain a solid working medium.
Performance testing
Light absorptance at different wavelengths
Fig. 3 shows the light absorptivity of the derivative of the metal organic frame material prepared by the embodiment of the application under different wavelengths, and the solid working medium of the derivative of the metal organic frame material prepared by the application has lighter weight and higher light absorptivity which can reach more than 99%.
(II) thrust obtained by Single pulse ablation Mass
The impact test of high-energy nanosecond laser is carried out on the solid working medium prepared in each example and comparative example: the adopted laser source is Nd-YAG, the wavelength is 1064nm, the pulse width of the laser is 10ns, the frequency of the laser is 10Hz, and the maximum energy of the single-pulse laser is about 0.9J. In the high-energy nanosecond laser impact process, the surface of the solid working medium is controlled to generate plasma reflection plumes, so that micro-thrust is formed. The micro-thrust was measured using a torsion pendulum device as shown in fig. 4.
Through testing, the comparative example adopts metal organic frame precursor materials which are directly pressed and molded to be used as solid working media, and the single pulse ablation quality is only 55.71 mu N/mu g.
Figures 5-8 show thrust distribution obtained by single pulse ablation quality of solid working media prepared by various embodiments of the application. As can be seen from fig. 5 to 8, the thrust obtained by the solid working medium prepared by performing heat treatment on the metal organic frame precursor material or scanning the surface of the metal organic frame by adopting nanosecond laser is obviously improved under the condition of single pulse ablation quality compared with the comparative example without the treatment.
For the heat treatment process, when the temperature of the heat treatment is controlled to be 350-600 ℃, the heat treatment time is 5-8 hours, and the temperature rising rate is controlled to be 3-6 ℃/min, the obtained thrust is better and is 79.37-95.02 mu N/mu g; and when the heat treatment temperature is 450 ℃, the heat treatment time is 6 hours, and the thrust of the single pulse ablation quality of the solid working medium can reach 95.02 mu N/mu g.
For the nanosecond laser scanning treatment method, when the laser power is controlled to be 3-9W, the scanning speed is controlled to be 50-100 mm/s, and the scanning time is 20-60 s, the obtained thrust is better and is 87.14-95.22 mu N/mu g; and when the laser power is 5W, the scanning speed is 75mm/s, and the scanning time is 40s, the thrust of the single pulse ablation quality of the solid working medium can reach 95.22 mu N/mu g.
Further, in the present application, the thrust effect obtained by the single pulse ablation quality of the derivative of the metal organic framework material prepared by the high energy nanosecond laser is superior to that obtained by the heat treatment.
In summary, the preparation method of the solid working medium provided by the application has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, and mainly carbon-coated structure, metal cations are uniformly coated by carbon, and the prepared derivative solid working medium of the metal organic frame material has lighter mass and higher light absorptivity which can reach more than 99%. The single pulse ablation quality is only 20% of that of single element material and 12.5% of that of high molecular polymer. In addition, the thrust obtained by the single pulse ablation quality of the derivative solid working medium of the prepared metal organic frame material is 4 times that of the single element material and 5 times that of the high polymer, so that the performance, safety and reliability of the laser micro-propulsion technology are improved.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the embodiments and scope of the present application, and it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that equivalent substitutions and obvious variations may be made using the teachings of the present application, which are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, placing metal salt and an organic ligand in a solvent according to a certain proportion, and reacting at a certain temperature to form coordination between metal cations and the organic ligand to obtain a first product;
s2, performing solvent replacement on the first product, and drying to obtain a second product;
s3, placing the second product in an inert atmosphere, heating to 350-1000 ℃ and performing heat treatment for 1-8 h, or adopting nanosecond laser with power of 1-10W to continuously scan the second product for 20-60S to obtain a solid working medium for improving the laser micro-propulsion performance.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1,
the metal salt comprises one or more of nitrate, hydrated nitrate, chloride, hydrated chloride and acetate of metal; the metal is selected from one of copper, iron, zinc, magnesium and aluminum;
the organic ligand comprises one or more of benzene tricarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, dihydroxyterephthalic acid, 2-amino terephthalic acid and bipyridine.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mass ratio of the metal salt to the organic ligand is (0.1-1): 0.1-1.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the solvent is selected from one or more of N, N-dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, deionized water.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the reaction temperature is 65 to 120℃and the reaction time is 2 to 48 hours.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the solvent substitution comprises: depending on the solubility of the product in different solvents, multiple substitutions are made with one or more of absolute ethanol, water, N-dimethylformamide.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heating rate of the heat treatment in step S3 is 1 to 10 ℃/min.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the rate of continuous scanning by the nanosecond laser is 50 to 100mm/S.
9. A solid working medium for improving laser micro-propulsion performance, characterized in that the solid working medium is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8; in the solid working medium, metal cations are uniformly coated by carbon.
10. The use of a solid working medium for improving the performance of laser micro propulsion, said solid working medium being produced by a method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the solid working medium is used as a laser propellant in laser micro propulsion, and by generating a plasma reflection plume on the surface thereof under the impact of high-energy nanosecond laser, micro-thrust is formed, and the flying, the orbital transfer and the steering of a spacecraft are realized.
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