CN114934267A - Method for improving flatness of surface of structural steel substrate - Google Patents
Method for improving flatness of surface of structural steel substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114934267A CN114934267A CN202210320151.XA CN202210320151A CN114934267A CN 114934267 A CN114934267 A CN 114934267A CN 202210320151 A CN202210320151 A CN 202210320151A CN 114934267 A CN114934267 A CN 114934267A
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- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ABFQGXBZQWZNKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethoxyethanol Chemical group COC(C)(O)OC ABFQGXBZQWZNKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001540 sodium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005581 sodium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011088 sodium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N zafuleptine Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(C(C)C)NCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGTASENVNYJZBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC(C)N)=CC(OC)=C1OC WGTASENVNYJZBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NCPXQVVMIXIKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;phosphite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])[O-] NCPXQVVMIXIKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Natural products CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1824—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1837—Multistep pretreatment
- C23C18/1844—Multistep pretreatment with use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, first
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
- C23C18/1651—Two or more layers only obtained by electroless plating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for effectively improving the flatness of the surface of a steel substrate with a metal structure, which comprises the following steps: step S0: pretreating the surface of the metal structural steel, and ultrasonically cleaning the structural steel to be treated by chloroform, acetone and isopropanol solvents in sequence to remove impurities such as oil stains on the surface; step S1: carrying out first treatment on the surface of the cleaned metal structural steel, and placing the metal structural steel in an acid solution for derusting and chemical polishing; step S2: performing second treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, and performing zinc dipping treatment on the metal structural steel subjected to acid treatment in a zinc dipping solution to form a zinc coating with uniform and evenly distributed zinc particles on the surface of the metal structural steel; step S3: and performing third treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, and placing the metal structural steel subjected to the zinc dipping treatment in a nickel salt solution tank for chemical nickel plating to form a flat and compact nickel plating layer on the surface of the metal structural steel. The operation is convenient, and the surface smoothness of the metal structure steel substrate can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, and particularly relates to a method for improving the surface smoothness of a structural steel substrate.
Background
The structural steel refers to a metal component which is pressed into a specific structure, shape and size by using steel materials containing different element compositions. The structural steel has good stability and mechanical property, so that the structural steel is widely applied to some engineering structures, mechanical and electronic equipment and is mainly used for supporting and bearing. With the continuous development of packaging technology, laser etching, nano-material microelectronic processing and other technologies, the processing and manufacturing sizes and specifications of some micro-electromechanical systems are gradually promoted from macroscopic level to micro-and nano-level, which puts higher requirements on the surface smoothness of the substrate. Although the traditional technologies of mechanical grinding, polishing and the like can effectively reduce the roughness of the surface of structural steel, the surface of a workpiece still has a lot of burrs, scratches, steps, pits and the like, and the preparation of other functional layers on the surface of the workpiece is influenced. In particular, when the other functional film layer deposited on the surface has a thickness of only micro-nanometer level, the device is greatly affected. Therefore, effectively improving the surface flatness of the structural steel substrate is a prerequisite for the preparation of high-precision, highly integrated and miniaturized devices.
At present, the commonly used method for improving the surface smoothness of a metal substrate comprises the steps of adhering a polymer film layer on the metal surface and forming a smooth and compact metal coating on the surface of the substrate by adopting an electroless plating technology. Both the publication No. CN205255634U (a super weather-resistant composite polymer film layer precoated steel plate) and CN106218177B (a production line of a foamed core material metal composite plate and a production process thereof) disclose methods for making the flatness and compactness of the surface of the plate meet the production and use requirements by sticking a polymer film on the metal surface. Publication No. CN 111364030 a (a pretreatment method for improving the flatness of an electroless nickel plating NiP plating layer on an aluminum substrate) and CN 112941495 a (a process for electroless nickel plating on a magnesium alloy) disclose a method for electroless nickel plating on the surface of metal and its alloy, which can form a thin nickel plating layer on the surface of a metal structural member by electroless plating, thereby improving the surface flatness of the structural member, and also improving the surface hardness and wear resistance thereof.
In the technology for coating the polymer film on the metal surface, the adhesive and the polymer film are easy to creep and age. Although the chemical nickel plating technology can form a smooth and compact nickel plating layer with strong bonding force on the surface of metal and metal alloy, the chemical nickel plating technology usually needs hot dip galvanizing, secondary galvanizing and other treatments before nickel immersion plating. The hot dip galvanizing can generate a large amount of high-temperature smoke and dust, and the original mechanical property of the metal substrate can be damaged at high temperature; the secondary zinc dipping process is complicated and complex, and the control difficulty is high. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a metal surface treatment technology with simple process and convenient operation, which can effectively improve the surface smoothness of the metal structural steel substrate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for improving the surface smoothness of a steel substrate of a metal structure, which is used for overcoming the defects of surface unevenness such as a plurality of burrs, scratches, steps, pits and the like after mechanical grinding and polishing treatment of the steel substrate of the metal structure in the prior art. Simple process and convenient operation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for effectively improving the flatness of the surface of a steel substrate with a metal structure, comprising the steps of:
step S0: pretreating the surface of the metal structural steel, and ultrasonically cleaning the structural steel to be treated by chloroform, acetone and isopropanol solvents in sequence to remove impurities such as oil stains on the surface;
step S1: carrying out first treatment on the surface of the cleaned metal structural steel, and placing the metal structural steel in an acid solution for derusting and chemical polishing;
step S2: performing second treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, and performing zinc dipping treatment on the metal structural steel subjected to acid treatment in a zinc dipping solution to form a zinc coating with uniform and evenly distributed zinc particles on the surface of the metal structural steel;
step S3: and performing third treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, and placing the metal structural steel subjected to the zinc dipping treatment in a nickel salt solution tank for chemical nickel plating to form a flat and compact nickel plating layer on the surface of the metal structural steel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method for improving the surface smoothness of the steel substrate with the metal structure, the zinc dipping solution in the zinc dipping treatment before chemical nickel plating contains alkaline organic ligands such as ethanolamine and polyethyleneimine, and can form a complexing effect with zinc ions in the zinc dipping solution and be distributed in the solution in a homogeneous phase manner. Zinc ion by chemical reaction Zn 2+ +2e - → Zn is deposited on the surface of the metal structural steel, the crystal grain size is smaller and the distribution is more uniform through one-time zinc dipping treatmentThe nickel plating layer has higher flatness and lower porosity after chemical nickel plating. Has the advantages of simple process, low cost, mild reaction conditions and the like. The processed metal structure steel substrate has a smoother surface, the roughness is obviously reduced, and the metal structure steel substrate is suitable for depositing other functional film layers in micro-nano levels and is used for preparing devices such as high-precision sensors.
The method provided by the invention can overcome the defects of the prior art that the surface of the metal structural steel substrate is not flat, such as a plurality of burrs, scratches, steps, pits and the like after mechanical grinding and polishing treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for improving the flatness of the surface of a steel substrate with a metal structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a surface roughness test chart of a metallic structure steel substrate surface before planarization treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a surface roughness test chart of the surface of a steel substrate with a metal structure after the surface is subjected to the planarization treatment according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, Ra is the surface root mean square roughness.
Examples of the invention
The invention provides a method for improving the surface smoothness of a steel substrate of a metal structure, which is used for overcoming the defects of surface unevenness such as a plurality of burrs, scratches, steps, pits and the like after mechanical grinding and polishing treatment of the steel substrate of the metal structure in the prior art. Simple process and convenient operation.
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for improving the flatness of the surface of a steel substrate with a metal structure, which is used for overcoming the problem that the surface of the existing steel substrate with the metal structure is not flat, such as a plurality of burrs, scratches, steps, pits and the like, after mechanical grinding and polishing, and has the advantages of simple process and convenient operation. For a better illustration of the invention, the following detailed description of the invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for improving the flatness of the surface of a steel substrate of a metal structure includes the following steps:
step S0: pretreating the surface of the metal structural steel, and ultrasonically cleaning the structural steel to be treated by chloroform, acetone and isopropanol solvents in sequence to remove impurities such as oil stains on the surface;
step S1: carrying out first treatment on the surface of the cleaned metal structural steel, and placing the metal structural steel in an acid solution for derusting and chemical polishing;
step S2: performing second treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, and performing zinc dipping treatment on the metal structural steel subjected to acid treatment in a zinc dipping solution to form a zinc coating with uniform and evenly distributed zinc particles on the surface of the metal structural steel;
step S3: and performing third treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, and placing the metal structural steel subjected to the zinc dipping treatment in a nickel salt solution tank for chemical nickel plating to form a flat and compact nickel plating layer on the surface of the metal structural steel.
The method of the present embodiment, wherein,
after any one of the operations of oil removal treatment, acid cleaning treatment, zinc dipping treatment and nickel plating treatment, deionized water washing and drying are carried out to remove the residual solution in the previous procedure.
The method of the present embodiment, wherein,
the structural steel includes: any one of alloy steel, alloy structural steel, alloy carburized steel, alloy quenched and tempered steel, alloy spring steel, carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel and stainless steel.
The method of the present embodiment, wherein,
in step S0, the ultrasonic cleaning of the substrate in any one of chloroform, acetone, and isopropyl alcohol solvents is performed for 10 to 30 min.
The method of the present embodiment, wherein,
in step S1, the acidic solution for chemical polishing includes: at least one of 30 to 50 wt.% hydrofluoric acid, 5 to 15 wt.% hydrochloric acid, 10 to 50 wt.% sulfuric acid, 5 to 30 wt.% nitric acid, 10 to 40 wt.% phosphoric acid, 10 to 40 wt.% oxalic acid, and 20 to 60 wt.% citric acid;
the time for treating the structural steel by the acid solution is 1-5 min, and the temperature is controlled at room temperature.
The method of the present embodiment, wherein,
in step S2, the composition of the zincating solution is: 50-100 g/L of zinc acetate dihydrate, 30-50 g/L of phenethylamine, 10-20 g/L of n-butylamine, 15-30 g/L of triisopropanolamine, 15-30 g/L of ethanolamine, 20-50 g/L of dopamine, 5-30 g/L of polydopamine, 5-20 g/L of polyethyleneimine and 5-20 g/L of polyethoxyethyleneimine, wherein the solvent is dimethoxyethanol or isopropanol;
the temperature of the zinc dipping treatment is 30-150 ℃, and the time is 10-30 min.
The method of the present embodiment, wherein,
in step S3, the electroless nickel plating solution is composed of: the nickel sulfate concentration is 10-30 g/L, the nickel chloride concentration is 10-30 g/L, the sodium citrate concentration is 10-30 g/L, the sodium phosphite concentration is 20-40 g/L, the sodium lactate concentration is 15-30 g/L, the ethylene glycol concentration is 0.5-5 g/L, the glycerol concentration is 0.5-5 g/L, and deionized water is used as a solvent;
the chemical nickel plating time is 10-30 min, the temperature is controlled at 50-100 ℃, and the plating thickness is 1-10 mu m.
In particular, the amount of the solvent to be used,
step S0: selecting 40 CrNiMoA alloy structural steel with the thickness of 1 cm as a metal substrate, pretreating the surface of the metal structural steel substrate, sequentially placing the metal structural steel substrate in chloroform, acetone and isopropanol solvents for ultrasonic cleaning for 30 min, washing by deionized water, and drying for later use;
step S1: the surface of the metallic structural steel after the cleaning was subjected to a first treatment, and the metallic structural steel was treated in a 10 wt.% hydrochloric acid solution for 30 seconds to remove surface rust and scratches. Then washing with deionized water, and drying for later use;
step S2: and performing second treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, namely putting the metal structural steel subjected to acid treatment into a dimethoxyethanol solution containing 50 g/L zinc acetate dihydrate, 20 g/L dopamine and 20 g/L ethanolamine, and performing zinc immersion treatment for 30 min at 70 ℃ to form a zinc coating with uniform and evenly distributed zinc particles on the surface of the metal structural steel. Washing the zinc-dipped metal structural steel by using deionized water, and drying;
step S3: and performing third treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, placing the metal structural steel subjected to zinc dipping treatment in a nickel salt solution tank for chemical nickel plating, controlling the temperature of the solution in the reaction tank to be 50 ℃, and performing plating for 30 min to form a flat and compact nickel plating layer on the surface, wherein the thickness of the plating layer is 8 microns. The composition of the nickel salt solution is: the concentration of nickel sulfate is 20 g/L, the concentration of nickel chloride is 10 g/L, the concentration of sodium citrate is 15 g/L, the concentration of sodium lactate is 20 g/L, the concentration of glycerol is 1 g/L, and deionized water is used as a solvent.
The method of the present embodiment, wherein,
the method for improving the flatness of the surface of the structural steel substrate is used for manufacturing the resistance strain gate sensor.
The method of the present embodiment, wherein,
the preparation process for preparing the resistance strain gate sensor comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out flattening treatment on the metal structure steel substrate;
step two: generating an insulating coating on a metal structure steel substrate in situ;
step three: generating a metal sensitive grid mesh on the surface of the alumina insulating coating in situ;
step four: the metal sensitive grid is electrically connected with an external signal amplifying circuit through a welding lead so as to transmit an electric signal instantaneously generated by the metal sensitive grid to the external signal amplifying circuit and amplify the electric signal.
Step five: and packaging the metal sensitive grid mesh of the sensor and the connection part of the metal sensitive grid mesh and an external circuit.
Preferably, fig. 2 is a surface roughness test chart before the surface of the steel substrate of the metal structure is subjected to the planarization treatment, and Ra is surface root mean square roughness.
Preferably, fig. 3 is a surface roughness test chart after the surface of the metallic structure steel substrate of the present invention is planarized, and Ra is surface root mean square roughness.
After the surface of the steel substrate with the metal structure is treated, the surface root mean square roughness (Ra) is obviously reduced. Therefore, the technical method provided by the invention can effectively improve the surface smoothness of the metal structural steel substrate.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made in the embodiments and/or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The method for improving the flatness of the surface of the steel substrate of the metal structure overcomes the defects of the prior art that a plurality of burrs, scratches, steps, pits and other surface irregularities still exist after the steel substrate of the metal structure is mechanically ground and polished. Simple process and convenient operation.
Claims (9)
1. A method of improving the flatness of the surface of a metallic structure steel substrate, comprising the steps of:
step S0: pretreating the surface of the metal structural steel, and ultrasonically cleaning the structural steel to be treated by chloroform, acetone and isopropanol solvents in sequence to remove impurities such as oil stains on the surface;
step S1: carrying out first treatment on the surface of the cleaned metal structural steel, and placing the metal structural steel in an acid solution for derusting and chemical polishing;
step S2: performing second treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, and performing zinc dipping treatment on the metal structural steel subjected to acid treatment in a zinc dipping solution to form a zinc coating with uniform and evenly distributed zinc particles on the surface of the metal structural steel;
step S3: and performing third treatment on the surface of the metal structural steel, and placing the metal structural steel subjected to the zinc dipping treatment in a nickel salt solution tank for chemical nickel plating to form a flat and compact nickel plating layer on the surface of the metal structural steel.
2. A method of improving the flatness of the surface of a structural steel substrate according to claim 1,
after any one of the operations of degreasing treatment, acid pickling treatment, zinc dipping treatment and nickel plating treatment, deionized water washing and drying are carried out to remove the solution remained in the previous procedure.
3. A method of improving the flatness of the surface of a structural steel substrate according to claim 1,
the structural steel includes: any one of alloy steel, alloy structural steel, alloy carburized steel, alloy quenched and tempered steel, alloy spring steel, carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel, and stainless steel.
4. A method of improving the flatness of the surface of a structural steel substrate according to claim 1,
in step S0, the ultrasonic cleaning of the substrate in any one of chloroform, acetone and isopropanol solvent is carried out for 10-30 min.
5. A method of improving the flatness of the surface of a structural steel substrate according to claim 1,
in step S1, the acidic solution for chemical polishing includes: at least one of 30 to 50 wt.% hydrofluoric acid, 5 to 15 wt.% hydrochloric acid, 10 to 50 wt.% sulfuric acid, 5 to 30 wt.% nitric acid, 10 to 40 wt.% phosphoric acid, 10 to 40 wt.% oxalic acid, and 20 to 60 wt.% citric acid;
the time for treating the structural steel by the acid solution is 1-5 min, and the temperature is controlled at room temperature.
6. A method of improving the flatness of the surface of a structural steel substrate according to claim 1,
in step S2, the composition of the zincating solution is: 50-100 g/L of zinc acetate dihydrate, 30-50 g/L of phenethylamine, 10-20 g/L of n-butylamine, 15-30 g/L of triisopropanolamine, 15-30 g/L of ethanolamine, 20-50 g/L of dopamine, 5-30 g/L of polydopamine, 5-20 g/L of polyethyleneimine and 5-20 g/L of polyethoxyethyleneimine, wherein the solvent is dimethoxyethanol or isopropanol;
the temperature of the zinc dipping treatment is 30-150 ℃, and the time is 10-30 min.
7. A method of improving the flatness of the surface of a structural steel substrate according to claim 1,
in step S3, the electroless nickel plating solution is composed of: the concentration of nickel sulfate is 10-30 g/L, the concentration of nickel chloride is 10-30 g/L, the concentration of sodium citrate is 10-30 g/L, the concentration of sodium phosphite is 20-40 g/L, the concentration of sodium lactate is 15-30 g/L, the concentration of ethylene glycol is 0.5-5 g/L, the concentration of glycerol is 0.5-5 g/L, and deionized water is used as a solvent;
the chemical nickel plating time is 10-30 min, the temperature is controlled at 50-100 ℃, and the plating thickness is 1-10 mu m.
8. A method of improving the flatness of the surface of a structural steel substrate according to claim 1,
the method for improving the flatness of the surface of the structural steel substrate is used for manufacturing the resistance strain gate sensor.
9. A method of improving the flatness of a surface of a structural steel substrate according to claim 8,
the preparation process for preparing the resistance strain gate sensor comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out flattening treatment on the metal structure steel substrate;
step two: generating an insulating coating on a metal structure steel substrate in situ;
step three: generating a metal sensitive grid mesh on the surface of the alumina insulating coating in situ;
step four: the metal sensitive grid is electrically connected with an external signal amplifying circuit through a welding wire, so that an electric signal generated instantaneously by the metal sensitive grid is transmitted to the external signal amplifying circuit and is amplified;
step five: and packaging the metal sensitive grid mesh of the sensor and the connection part of the metal sensitive grid mesh and an external circuit.
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| CN116854551A (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-10-10 | 武汉大学 | Solid working medium for improving laser micro-propulsion performance and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116854551B (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2024-03-29 | 武汉大学 | Solid working medium for improving laser micro-propulsion performance and preparation method and application thereof |
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