CN116850333B - 一种复合纳米纤维敷料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种复合纳米纤维敷料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116850333B CN116850333B CN202310885883.8A CN202310885883A CN116850333B CN 116850333 B CN116850333 B CN 116850333B CN 202310885883 A CN202310885883 A CN 202310885883A CN 116850333 B CN116850333 B CN 116850333B
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- dressing
- sodium alginate
- electrostatic spinning
- injection needle
- layer
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Abstract
本发明公开一种复合纳米纤维敷料及其制备方法,属于生物医用材料技术领域。该复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:S1、将海藻酸钠、肝素和生长因子混合后,通过高压静电滴加到浸润氯化钙的敷料外层上,交联后形成的海藻酸钠微球作为中间层固定在伤口敷料外层;S2、将胶原蛋白、β‑葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚氧化乙烯混合后通过静电纺丝在所述中间层上制得敷料内层。本发明提出的复合纳米纤维敷料短时间内创面修复率高达87%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医用材料技术领域,具体涉及一种复合纳米纤维敷料及其制备方法。
背景技术
皮肤是人体的第一道功能屏障,对保障人体正常的生理活动起着极其重要的作用。在日常生活过程中,人们会因意外从而引发创伤、烧伤、急性或慢性损伤等造成皮肤破损而形成伤口。而创伤的愈合过程就是急性炎症期到细胞增生期,再到斑痕形成期,以及表皮其它组织再生期。这个创伤愈合是指机体遭受外力的作用,皮肤等组织出现断裂或者是缺损后的恢复过程。受到创伤后的皮肤需要通过敷料覆盖创面,使其保持良好的湿性环境,从而促进创面的愈合。
静电纺丝纳米纤维材料具有独特的微观结构和生物可降解特性,其相互连接的、比表面积相对较大的多孔结构与天然细胞外基质的纳米级结构相近,且能够仿生细胞外基质的结构特点,其在生物医学领域的研究和应用开发已取得了显著进展。静电纺丝纤维作为载药体系可通过调节药物释放速率而实现快速释放、延迟释放、缓慢释放或脉冲释放等目的;还可通过改变载药纤维的孔隙率和亲水性等改善药物溶出性能,从而提高药物的生物利用度,增加药物稳定性等。单一的合成性高分子具有良好的纺丝性能和力学结构,但亲水性能较差,不利于皮肤的直接贴合;而天然高分子具有良好的亲水性能,但纺丝后的力学性能较差。将天然高分子与合成性高分子共混纺丝,可以提高纳米纤维的亲水性能、力学强度,同时也利于细胞的增殖与创面的修复。
生长因子是一类具有刺激细胞生长活性的细胞因子,生长因子可以促进细胞的生长、增殖、分裂、分化等,促进人体新陈代谢,有助于皮肤表皮生长,加快伤口愈合,减轻伤口所留下的疤痕。但生长因子在局部使用过量容易造成细胞不受控制地生长,出现局部硬块、结节、畸形,因而在创面的愈合过程中有必要对生长因子的释放进行控制。同时,由于生长因子是蛋白类药物,在缓释载体制备过程若有高温、强酸/碱、有机溶剂等环境,也容易造成生长因子的失活。因此,适宜的载体选择也很重要。进而,如何实现创面的有效修复是现有技术需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述技术不足,提供一种复合纳米纤维敷料及其制备方法,解决现有技术中如何实现创面的有效修复的技术问题。
为达到上述技术目的,本发明的技术方案提供一种复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将海藻酸钠、肝素和生长因子混合后,通过高压静电滴加到浸润氯化钙的敷料外层上,交联后形成的海藻酸钠微球作为中间层固定在伤口敷料外层;
S2、将胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚氧化乙烯混合后通过静电纺丝在所述中间层上制得敷料内层。
进一步地,在步骤S1中,所述敷料外层由壳聚糖与合成性高分子聚合物溶解混合后,通过静电纺丝制得。
进一步地,在步骤S1中,所述合成性高分子聚合物为聚乳酸、聚己内酯、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物中的一种或者多种。
进一步地,所述壳聚糖和合成性高分子聚合物的质量比为(3~7):(7~3);所述敷料外层的混合纺丝液的浓度为5~15wt%,溶剂为六氟异丙醇。
进一步地,在步骤S1中,所述海藻酸钠的浓度为1~5wt%,所述肝素的浓度为0.01~0.5wt%。
进一步地,在步骤S1中,高压静电形成液体的参数条件为:喷射针头内径为200~500μm,保持针尖与静电纺丝接收装置的距离为10~20cm,推进速率0.6~5mL/h,电场电压为10~25KV。
进一步地,在步骤S1中,所述胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇的质量比为(1~3):(1~3):(1~2):(2~4),所述敷料内层的混合纺丝液的质量浓度为6~10wt%,溶剂为乙酸。
进一步地,制得敷料外层或者敷料内层的静电纺丝的参数为:纺丝电压10~25Kv,接收距离为10~25cm,推进速率0.5~5mL/h;和/或,所述生长因子为表皮生长因子、成纤维细胞生长因子、血小板衍生生长因子或者血管内皮生长因子。
进一步地,所述高压静电或者所述静电纺丝通过静电纺丝装置实现,所述静电纺丝装置包括静电纺丝接收器、高压发生器、第一注射针头、第二注射针头、第三注射针头、水槽和伸缩支架;所述静电纺丝接收器安装于所述伸缩支架上,所述水槽设于所述静电纺丝接收器的下方,所述高压发生器分别与所述第一注射针头、第二注射针头、第三注射针头以及静电纺丝接收器连接;所述水槽用于装氯化钙溶液;所述第一注射针头用于注射敷料外层的原料,所述第二注射针头用于注射敷料内层的原料,所述第三注射针头用于注射包括生长因子和肝素的海藻酸钠混合溶液。
此外,本发明还提出一种复合纳米纤维敷料,由上述制备方法制备得到。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果包括:高压静电液体法制备的海藻酸钠微球,制备过程温和,不会对生长因子活性产生影响;同时,海藻酸钠微球中的肝素能够提高微球对生长因子的包封率;胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇作为伤口敷料的内层,所用高分子均为亲水性,β-葡聚糖可增加受损皮肤细胞的再生能力,提高角质层的再生速率,具有帮助伤口复原的特性。海藻酸钠能够与敷料外层的纳米纤维或海藻酸钠微球上的氯化钙形成二次交联,加强了内层纳米纤维的力学性能,同时,能够有效将负载生长因子的海藻酸钙微球固定在内、外层纳米纤维之间,从而具有较好的药物缓释功效和修复功效,短时间内创面修复率高达87%以上。
附图说明
图1是本发明静电纺丝装置的结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例1和对比例2制得的复合纳米纤维敷料的创面愈合试验的照片。
附图标记说明:1、静电纺丝接收器;2、高压发生器;3、第一注射针头;4、第二注射针头;5、第三注射针头;6、水槽;7、伸缩支架。
具体实施方式
本具体实施方式提供了一种复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将海藻酸钠、肝素和生长因子混合后,通过高压静电滴加到浸润氯化钙的敷料外层上,交联后形成的海藻酸钠微球作为中间层固定在伤口敷料外层;所述敷料外层由壳聚糖与合成性高分子聚合物溶解混合后,通过静电纺丝制得;所述合成性高分子聚合物为聚乳酸、聚己内酯、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物中的一种或者多种;所述壳聚糖和合成性高分子聚合物的质量比为(3~7):(7~3);所述敷料外层的混合纺丝液的浓度为5~15wt%,溶剂为六氟异丙醇;所述海藻酸钠的浓度为1~5wt%,所述肝素的浓度为0.01~0.5wt%;高压静电形成液体的参数条件为:喷射针头内径为200~500μm,保持针尖与静电纺丝接收装置的距离为10~20cm,推进速率0.6~5mL/h,电场电压为10~25KV;所述胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇的质量比为(1~3):(1~3):(1~2):(2~4),所述敷料内层的混合纺丝液的质量浓度为6~10wt%,溶剂为乙酸;制得敷料外层或者敷料内层的静电纺丝的参数为:纺丝电压10~25Kv,接收距离为10~25cm,推进速率0.5~5mL/h;所述生长因子为表皮生长因子、成纤维细胞生长因子、血小板衍生生长因子或者血管内皮生长因子;
S2、将胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚氧化乙烯混合后通过静电纺丝在所述中间层上制得敷料内层。
本具体实施方式所述高压静电或者所述静电纺丝通过静电纺丝装置实现,所述静电纺丝装置包括静电纺丝接收器、高压发生器、第一注射针头、第二注射针头、第三注射针头、水槽和伸缩支架;所述静电纺丝接收器安装于所述伸缩支架上,所述水槽设于所述静电纺丝接收器的下方,所述高压发生器分别与所述第一注射针头、第二注射针头和第三注射针头、以及静电纺丝接收器连接;所述水槽用于装氯化钙溶液;所述第一注射针头用于注射敷料外层的原料,所述第二注射针头用于注射敷料内层的原料,所述第三注射针头用于注射包括生长因子和肝素的海藻酸钠混合溶液。
本具体实施方式还提出一种复合纳米纤维敷料,由上述制备方法制备得到。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
下述实施例或者对比例的高压静电或者所述静电纺丝通过静电纺丝装置实现,如图1所示,所述静电纺丝装置包括静电纺丝接收器1、高压发生器2、第一注射针头3、第二注射针头4、第三注射针头5、水槽6和伸缩支架7;静电纺丝接收器1安装于伸缩支架7上,水槽6设于静电纺丝接收器1的下方,高压发生器2分别与第一注射针头3、第二注射针头4和第三注射针头5、以及静电纺丝接收器1连接;水槽6用于装氯化钙溶液;第一注射针头3用于注射敷料外层的原料,第二注射针头4用于注射敷料内层的原料,第三注射针头5用于注射包括生长因子和肝素的海藻酸钠混合溶液。
实施例1
本实施例提出一种复合纳米纤维敷料,由以下步骤制得:
(1)将壳聚糖和聚乳酸溶解在六氟异丙醇中,使得伤口敷料外层纺丝混合液的质量浓度为10wt%,其中,壳聚糖和聚乳酸的质量比为1:1;通过静电纺丝制得壳聚糖/聚乳酸纳米纤维层(即敷料外层),其纺丝参数为:纺丝电压15Kv,接收距离为15cm,推进速率1mL/h;
(2)将海藻酸钠、肝素和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子混合溶解于纯化水中,使得海藻酸钠的质量浓度为2wt%,肝素的质量浓度为0.1wt%,碱性成纤维细胞生长因子浓度为1μg/ml;配制氯化钙溶液使其浓度为3wt%,置于静电纺丝接收装置下方的水槽中,待静电纺丝接收装置完成壳聚糖/聚乳酸的共混纺丝后,逐步转动静电纺丝接收装置,使得接收装置上的壳聚糖/聚乳酸敷料外层与水槽中的氯化钙溶液接触,待敷料外层被氯化钙溶液充分润湿后,通过伸长伸缩支架分离静电纺丝接收装置和水槽;将海藻酸钠、肝素和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子混合液通过高压静电场滴加到浸润氯化钙的壳聚糖/聚乳酸纳米纤维层上,静电液体参数为:喷射针头内径为300μm,保持针尖与静电纺丝接收装置的距离为15cm,推进速率1mL/h,电场电压为15KV。
(3)将胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚氧化乙烯按照质量比为3:3:1:3溶解于乙酸溶液中,使得混合液的质量浓度为10wt%;将混合液通过静电纺丝制得胶原蛋白/β-葡聚糖/海藻酸钠/聚氧化乙烯纳米纤维层,其纺丝参数为:纺丝电压15Kv,接收距离为15cm,推进速率1mL/h。
实施例2
本实施例提出一种复合纳米纤维敷料,由以下步骤制得:
(1)将壳聚糖和聚己内酯溶解在六氟异丙醇中,使得伤口敷料外层纺丝混合液的质量浓度为12wt%,其中,壳聚糖和聚己内酯的质量比为2:1。通过静电纺丝制得壳聚糖/聚己内酯米纤维层(即敷料外层),其纺丝参数为:纺丝电压20Kv,接收距离为15cm,推进速率1.5mL/h。
(2)将海藻酸钠、肝素和表皮细胞生长因子混合溶解于纯化水中,使得海藻酸钠的质量浓度为3wt%,肝素的质量浓度为0.1wt%,表皮细胞生长因子浓度为1μg/ml;配制氯化钙溶液使其浓度为3wt%,置于静电纺丝接收装置下方的槽中,待静电纺丝接收装置完成壳聚糖/聚己内酯的共混纺丝后,逐步转动静电纺丝接收装置,使得接收装置上的壳聚糖/聚己内酯敷料外层与水槽中的氯化钙溶液接触,待伤口敷料外层被氯化钙溶液充分润湿后,通过伸长伸缩支架分离静电纺丝接收装置和水槽;将海藻酸钠、肝素和表皮细胞生长因子混合液通过高压静电场滴加到浸润氯化钙的壳聚糖/聚己内酯纳米纤维层上,静电液体参数为:喷射针头内径为400μm,保持针尖与静电纺丝接收装置的距离为15cm,推进速率1.5mL/h,电场电压为20KV;
(3)将胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚氧化乙烯按照质量比为3:2:1:4溶解于乙酸溶液中,使得混合液的质量浓度为8wt%;将混合液通过静电纺丝制得胶原蛋白/β-葡聚糖/海藻酸钠/聚氧化乙烯纳米纤维层,其纺丝参数为:纺丝电压20Kv,接收距离为15cm,推进速率1.5mL/h。
实施例3
本实施例提出一种复合纳米纤维敷料,由以下步骤制得:
(1)将壳聚糖和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物溶解在六氟异丙醇中,使得伤口敷料外层纺丝混合液的质量浓度为10wt%,其中,壳聚糖和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物的质量比为1:1。通过静电纺丝制得壳聚糖/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物纳米纤维层(即敷料外层),其纺丝参数为:纺丝电压25Kv,接收距离为15cm,推进速率2mL/h。
(2)将海藻酸钠、肝素和血小板衍生生长因子混合溶解于纯化水中,使得海藻酸钠的质量浓度为2wt%,肝素的质量浓度为0.1wt%,血小板衍生生长因子浓度为1μg/ml;配制氯化钙溶液使其浓度为3wt%,置于静电纺丝接收装置下方的槽中,待静电纺丝接收装置完成壳聚糖/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物的共混纺丝后,逐步转动静电纺丝接收装置,使得接收装置上的壳聚糖/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物敷料外层与槽中的氯化钙溶液接触,待伤口敷料外层被氯化钙溶液充分润湿后,通过伸长伸缩支架分离静电纺丝接收装置和水槽;将海藻酸钠、肝素和血小板衍生生长因子混合液通过高压静电场滴加到浸润氯化钙的壳聚糖/聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物纳米纤维层上,静电液体参数为:喷射针头内径为300μm,保持针尖与静电纺丝接收装置的距离为15cm,推进速率2mL/h,电场电压为25KV。
(3)将胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚氧化乙烯按照质量比为3:3:1:3溶解于乙酸溶液中,使得混合液的质量浓度为10wt%;将混合液通过静电纺丝制得胶原蛋白/β-葡聚糖/海藻酸钠/聚氧化乙烯纳米纤维层,其纺丝参数为:纺丝电压25Kv,接收距离为15cm,推进速率2mL/h。
实施例4
本实施例提出一种复合纳米纤维敷料,由以下步骤制得:
(1)将壳聚糖和聚乳酸、聚己内酯溶解在六氟异丙醇中,使得伤口敷料外层纺丝混合液的质量浓度为8wt%,其中,壳聚糖和聚乳酸、聚己内酯的质量比为2:1:1。通过静电纺丝制得壳聚糖/聚乳酸/聚己内酯纳米纤维层(即敷料外层),其纺丝参数为:纺丝电压20Kv,接收距离为15cm,推进速率1mL/h。
(2)将海藻酸钠、肝素和血管内皮生长因子混合溶解于纯化水中,使得海藻酸钠的质量浓度为3wt%,肝素的质量浓度为0.1wt%,血管内皮生长因子浓度为1μg/ml;配制氯化钙溶液使其浓度为3wt%,置于静电纺丝接收装置下方的槽中,待静电纺丝接收装置完成壳聚糖/聚乳酸、聚己内酯的共混纺丝后,逐步转动静电纺丝接收装置,使得接收装置上的壳聚糖/聚乳酸/聚己内酯敷料外层与槽中的氯化钙溶液接触,待伤口敷料外层被氯化钙溶液充分润湿后,通过伸长伸缩支架分离静电纺丝接收装置和水槽;将海藻酸钠、肝素和血管内皮生长因子混合液通过高压静电场滴加到浸润氯化钙的壳聚糖/聚乳酸/聚己内酯纳米纤维敷料外层上,静电液体参数为:喷射针头内径为400μm,保持针尖与静电纺丝接收装置的距离为15cm,推进速率1mL/h,电场电压为20KV。
(3)将胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚氧化乙烯按照质量比为3:2:1:4溶解于乙酸溶液中,使得混合液的质量浓度为8wt%;将混合液通过静电纺丝制得胶原蛋白/β-葡聚糖/海藻酸钠/聚氧化乙烯纳米纤维层,其纺丝参数为:纺丝电压20Kv,接收距离为15cm,推进速率1mL/h。
对比例1
本对比例提出的复合纳米纤维敷料与实施例1的区别仅在于,在步骤(2)中没有添加肝素,其他步骤和实施例1均相同。
对比例2
本对比例提出的复合纳米纤维敷料与实施例1的区别仅在于,在步骤(3)中没有添加海藻酸钠,其他步骤和实施例1均相同。
微球包封率试验
单独检测实施例1和对比例制得的海藻酸钠微球的包封率:
按照实施例1的步骤将海藻酸钠、肝素和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子混合溶解于纯化水中,使得海藻酸钠的质量浓度为2wt%,肝素的质量浓度为0.1wt%,碱性成纤维细胞生长因子浓度为1μg/ml,将混合液灌入注射器后再固定在推注泵上;配制氯化钙溶液使其浓度为3wt%;将注射器中的混合液在高压电场的作用下,通过推注泵滴加到氯化钙溶液中,静电液体参数为:保持针尖与静电纺丝接收装置的距离为15cm,推进速率1mL/h,电场电压为15KV。
按照对比例1的步骤未添加肝素,按照实施例1的上述步骤制备海藻酸钠微球。分别准确称取两种不同方法制备、经冷冻干燥后的微球各10mg,加入20mL PBS缓冲溶液(pH=7.4)中,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对测定bFGF的含量。分别准确称取两种有、无添加肝素的经冷冻干燥后的载bFGF微球各10mg,模拟体内环境,加入20mL PBS缓冲溶液(pH=7.4)中,放置于37℃水浴摇床100rpm振荡。分别在6h、12h、24h、48h、36h取出,10000rpm离心3min。吸取上清液20mL,重新加入20mLPBS缓冲液,继续放置于37℃水浴摇床振荡。用标准曲线法测定上清液中bFGF含量。通过计算结果发现,见表1和表2,混合肝素的载bFGF海藻酸钙微球与未添加肝素的载bFGF海藻酸钙微球相比,其包封率更高;同时,添加肝素后,海藻酸钙微球中bFGF的释放速率有所减缓,这是因为肝素分子与生长因子有较强的相互作用。
表1有无添加肝素制得载bFGF海藻酸钠微球的包封率
添加肝素海藻酸钠微球 | 没有添加肝素海藻酸钠微球 | |
包封率 | 21.59% | 13.28% |
表2有无添加肝素制得载bFGF海藻酸钠微球的药物释放速率
海藻酸钠微球的稳定性试验
对比于实施例1中步骤3中在敷料外层加入海藻酸钠,对比例2在实施例1中步骤3中不添加海藻酸钠,即将胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、和聚氧化乙烯按照质量比为1:1:1溶解于乙酸溶液中,使得混合液的质量浓度为10wt%;将混合液通过静电纺丝制得胶原蛋白/β-葡聚糖/聚氧化乙烯纳米纤维层,其纺丝参数同实施例1。将实施例1和对比例2的样品分别冷冻干燥,裁剪2cm×2cm大小的敷料置于体式显微镜下计算海藻酸钙微球的数量,通过对比发现,实施例1中海藻酸钠微球的数量约为对照组1.5倍。这是因为实验组中的藻酸钠能够与敷料外层纳米纤维或海藻酸钙微球上的氯化钙形成二次交联,有效将负载生长因子的海藻酸钙微球固定在内、外层纳米纤维之间。
创面愈合试验
实验动物为240~260g的SD大鼠,实验前先将大鼠在实验环境下饲养一周。采用10mg/mL的戊巴比妥钠注射麻醉大鼠,待其生理反应有明显降低后,将大鼠四肢固定,然后用电动剃须刀除去其背部的大部分毛,再用8%的硫化钠进行脱毛处理。带脱毛处理完后,使用90℃的水处理过的铜块烫伤大鼠背部,烫伤面积的直径为1.5cm。采用手术剪在大鼠背部剪开四个伤口,生理盐水清洗创面,脱脂棉吸干残留液。将实施例1和对比例2制得的样品分别敷在创面上,采用硅胶膜将材料固定,缝线,用纱布包扎好。实验大鼠在25℃环境中分笼饲养,让其自由进水、进食,观察大鼠的生长情况,在14天后取出实验样品和对照样品,观察伤口的愈合情况。见附图2。结果显示,实施例1的药物缓释复合纳米纤维伤口敷料覆盖的创面已经基本愈合完全,缺损皮肤的愈合率为87.56%,皮下毛发也接近生长完整;而对比例2的样品覆盖的创面仍然有较多真皮裸露,缺损皮肤的愈合率为65.56%,愈合效果相比于实验组欠佳,这与对比例2中海藻酸钙微球单位面积数量大小有关,数量越多载药量越多。大鼠肤缺损修复实验表明实施例1制备的药物缓释复合纳米纤维伤口敷料生物相容性好,可以有效降低伤口的感染,并可以局部止血,同时能够加速创面的愈合。
同样地,我们按照上述方法测试了对比例1制得的样品对创面的愈合率,愈合率只有55.27%。
本发明其他有益效果:
1、本发明制备的复合纳米纤维伤口敷料,具有良好的生物相容性,能够有效的缓释生长因子,维持创面的湿性环境,有效阻隔外界细菌的侵扰,促进创面的愈合。
2、本发明方法操作简单,原材料均具有良好的生物相容性,制备效率高。
3、本发明采用壳聚糖和合成性高分子纳米纤维作为伤口敷料的外层,有效的保证了敷料的力学性能,同时,由于壳聚糖的抗菌性和纳米纤维本身的抑菌性能,使得外层的纳米纤维敷料可以较好的抵御外界细菌的侵扰。
4、本发明采用的高压静电液体法制备的海藻酸钙微球,制备过程温和,不会对生长因子活性产生影响。同时,海藻酸钙微球中的肝素能够提高微球对生长因子的包封率。
5、本发明采用胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇作为伤口敷料的内层,所用高分子均为亲水性。乙酸作为溶剂纺丝时不会破坏胶原蛋白的三股螺旋结构,保留了胶原蛋白良好的止血和促进皮肤修复的特性。β-葡聚糖可增加受损皮肤细胞的再生能力,提高角质层的再生速率,具有帮助伤口复原的特性。海藻酸钠能够与敷料外层纳米纤维或海藻酸钙微球上的氯化钙形成二次交联,加强了内层纳米纤维的力学性能,同时,能够有效将负载生长因子的海藻酸钙微球固定在内、外层纳米纤维之间。
以上所述本发明的具体实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何根据本发明的技术构思所做出的各种其他相应的改变与变形,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将海藻酸钠、肝素和生长因子混合后,通过高压静电滴加到浸润氯化钙的敷料外层上,交联后形成的海藻酸钠微球作为中间层固定在伤口敷料外层;所述敷料外层由壳聚糖与合成性高分子聚合物溶解混合后,通过静电纺丝制得;
S2、将胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚氧化乙烯混合后通过静电纺丝在所述中间层上制得敷料内层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤S1中,所述合成性高分子聚合物为聚乳酸、聚己内酯、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物中的一种或者多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述壳聚糖和所述合成性高分子聚合物的质量比为(3~7):(7~3);所述敷料外层的混合纺丝液的浓度为5~15wt%,溶剂为六氟异丙醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤S1中,所述海藻酸钠的浓度为1~5wt%,所述肝素的浓度为0.01~0.5wt%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤S1中,高压静电形成液体的参数条件为:喷射针头内径为200~500μm,保持针尖与静电纺丝接收装置的距离为10~20cm,推进速率0.6~5mL/h,电场电压为10~25KV。
6.根据权利要求1所述的复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤S1中,所述胶原蛋白、β-葡聚糖、海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇的质量比为(1~3):(1~3):(1~2):(2~4),所述敷料内层的混合纺丝液的质量浓度为6~10wt%,溶剂为乙酸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,制得敷料外层或者敷料内层的静电纺丝的参数为:纺丝电压10~25Kv,接收距离为10~25cm,推进速率0.5~5mL/h;和/或,所述生长因子为表皮生长因子、成纤维细胞生长因子、血小板衍生生长因子或者血管内皮生长因子。
8.根据权利要求1所述的复合纳米纤维敷料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述高压静电或者所述静电纺丝通过静电纺丝装置实现,所述静电纺丝装置包括静电纺丝接收器、高压发生器、第一注射针头、第二注射针头、第三注射针头、水槽和伸缩支架;所述静电纺丝接收器安装于所述伸缩支架上,所述水槽设于所述静电纺丝接收器的下方,所述高压发生器分别与所述第一注射针头、第二注射针头、第三注射针头以及静电纺丝接收器连接;所述水槽用于装氯化钙溶液;所述第一注射针头用于注射敷料外层的原料,所述第二注射针头用于注射敷料内层的原料,所述第三注射针头用于注射包括生长因子和肝素的海藻酸钠混合溶液。
9.一种复合纳米纤维敷料,其特征在于,由权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备方法制备得到。
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