CN116839404A - Ocean temperature difference energy power generation system carrying novel phase change heat exchanger - Google Patents
Ocean temperature difference energy power generation system carrying novel phase change heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN116839404A CN116839404A CN202310828205.8A CN202310828205A CN116839404A CN 116839404 A CN116839404 A CN 116839404A CN 202310828205 A CN202310828205 A CN 202310828205A CN 116839404 A CN116839404 A CN 116839404A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
- F03G7/05—Ocean thermal energy conversion, i.e. OTEC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/028—Control arrangements therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oceanography (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a marine temperature difference energy power generation system carrying a novel phase-change heat exchanger, which comprises a shell, wherein a power generation device and a phase-change heat exchanger are arranged in the shell, the phase-change heat exchanger comprises a rubber bag arranged in the shell of the heat exchanger, a phase-change material is filled between the rubber bag and the shell of the heat exchanger, an external thread loop bar parallel to a central shaft of the heat exchanger is arranged in the shell of the heat exchanger, and N annular ribs are coaxially fixed; the power generation device comprises a power generator, an oil bag, an oil outlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline, wherein the oil outlet pipeline sequentially passes through a first one-way valve, an energy accumulator, a flow controller and a turbine from an oil port of the rubber bag through a connecting pipeline and then is connected to the oil port of the oil bag, and the turbine is connected with the power generator; the oil return pipeline sequentially passes through the electromagnetic valve and the second one-way valve from the oil port of the oil bag through the connecting pipeline and then is connected to the oil port of the rubber bag. The invention has simple manufacturing method, low manufacturing cost and low later maintenance cost, improves the heat exchange performance, utilizes the temperature difference energy to generate electricity and has higher power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean temperature difference energy recovery and utilization, and is mainly applied to the fields of design and manufacture of an underwater unmanned carrier temperature difference energy power system, research and development of small-sized temperature difference energy equipment and the like.
Background
The ocean temperature difference energy power generation system can convert ocean temperature difference energy into electric energy, and is an important power system of the underwater unmanned carrier. Compared with the conventional underwater unmanned carrier driven by a battery, the underwater unmanned carrier carrying the ocean temperature difference energy power generation system has the advantages of long service life, strong endurance, wide working range, sustainable energy source and the like. Therefore, the ocean thermal energy power generation system used as the power device of the underwater unmanned carrier has been widely studied and paid attention at home and abroad in recent years.
The main working principle of the ocean temperature difference energy power generation system is that ocean temperature difference energy is converted into hydraulic oil pressure energy by means of volume change when the solid-liquid phase change material changes phase, and then the pressure energy is converted into electric energy by means of the turbine power generation system. In the system, the phase change heat exchanger is filled with phase change materials and hydraulic oil. When the underwater unmanned carrier works on the sea surface, the phase change heat exchanger absorbs high-temperature sea water heat energy of the surface layer, the solid phase change material melts and expands in volume, hydraulic oil in the rubber oil bag is extruded, hydraulic oil pressure energy and kinetic energy are improved, the turbine is driven by the high-pressure hydraulic oil to drive the generator, and finally the temperature difference energy is converted into electric energy; when the underwater unmanned carrier works in deep sea with low temperature, the phase change heat exchanger releases heat, the liquid phase change material solidifies and contracts in volume to form low pressure, hydraulic oil is pumped to flow back, and the system returns to the initial state. The underwater unmanned carrier shuttles once on the ocean surface layer and the deep sea, the phase change material can complete one phase change cycle, and finally the 'on-demand and on-demand' of energy is realized.
In the temperature difference energy underwater unmanned carrier, the phase change heat exchanger is in direct contact with seawater, and is a main device for converting the temperature difference energy into hydraulic energy, and the performance of the device directly determines the energy conversion efficiency and the energy recovery power of the power system. In order to reduce the phase change time of the phase change material and improve the power generation of the system, many researchers propose to install annular ribs in the phase change heat exchanger. In the actual production and use process, the phase-change heat exchanger with the additional ribs has two problems to be solved urgently: firstly, the annular rib is mainly installed in an integrated casting or post-welding mode, but the integrated casting is difficult to process and high in manufacturing cost; welding can lead to original phase change heat exchanger shell destruction, and the heat exchanger bearing capacity reduces, and unmanned carrier under water faces the risk of compressive deformation even complete destruction. Secondly, the positions of the ribs of the manufactured phase-change heat exchanger cannot be adjusted, and the reinforcing effect of the ribs on heat exchange cannot achieve the optimal effect when the external environment changes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the defect that the positions of the fins cannot be adjusted is overcome in order to solve the manufacturing difficulty of the phase-change heat exchanger with the annular fins. The invention discloses a marine temperature difference energy power generation system suitable for an underwater unmanned carrier, and a novel phase change heat exchanger is carried, compared with an integrated casting method and a welding method, the annular rib installation method adopted by the heat exchanger does not damage the original structure and the integral strength of the wall surface of the heat exchanger, and has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, low manufacturing cost and low later replacement and maintenance cost; the threaded rod in the heat exchanger can realize the axial displacement of the heat exchange fins, optimize the reinforced heat exchange effect of the fins, and further improve the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger.
In order to solve the technical problems, the ocean temperature difference energy power generation system with the novel phase-change heat exchanger comprises a shell, wherein the shell is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a partition board at a horizontal position, the upper part is a power generation device, the lower part is the phase-change heat exchanger, the phase-change heat exchanger comprises a rubber bag arranged in the shell of the heat exchanger, the top of the rubber bag is provided with an oil port, hydraulic oil is filled in the rubber bag, a phase-change material is filled between the rubber bag and the shell of the heat exchanger, and a threaded rod part parallel to a central shaft of the heat exchanger is arranged in the shell of the heat exchanger; the threaded rod part comprises an external threaded loop bar, an upper fixed shaft and a lower fixed shaft are respectively nested at the upper end and the lower end of the external threaded loop bar, a first spring is arranged between the upper fixed shaft and the external threaded loop bar, a second spring is arranged between the lower fixed shaft and the external threaded loop bar, a through hole for fixing the upper fixed shaft is arranged on the partition plate, a central hole is arranged on the upper fixed shaft, and a nested hole for fixing the lower fixed shaft is arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchanger shell; the partition plate is provided with a threaded rod adjuster connected with the external threaded sleeve rod; n annular ribs coaxial with the central shaft of the heat exchanger are fixed on the external thread loop bar at intervals through threaded connection, the outer edges of the N annular ribs are in contact with the inner surface of the heat exchanger shell, the circular arc diameters of the inner edges of the N annular ribs are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, and the inner edges of the N annular ribs belong to the same round platform side face; a plurality of diversion holes are formed on the N annular ribs; the power generation device comprises a power generator, an oil bag, an oil outlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline, wherein the power generator, the oil bag, the oil outlet pipeline and the oil return pipeline are arranged in a power generation device shell, the oil outlet pipeline sequentially passes through a first one-way valve, an energy accumulator, a flow controller and a turbine from an oil port of the rubber bag through a connecting pipeline and then is connected to the oil port of the oil bag, and the turbine is connected with the power generator; the oil return pipeline is connected to the oil port of the rubber bag through a connecting pipeline after passing through the electromagnetic valve and the second one-way valve in sequence from the oil port of the oil bag.
Furthermore, the ocean temperature difference energy power generation system with the novel phase change heat exchanger provided by the invention comprises the following components:
the threaded rod adjuster comprises an electric motor, a differential mechanism, a rope winder and a traction rope, wherein the electric motor drives the differential mechanism and the rope winder in sequence, one end of the traction rope is fixed on the rope winder, the other end of the traction rope penetrates through the central hole and then is fixed with the external thread loop bar, and the differential mechanism is provided with a fixer.
The connecting pipeline is a stainless steel high-pressure oil pipe.
The pressure set value of the energy accumulator is 20MPa.
The top and the bottom of the shell are hemispherical shell spaces, and a cylindrical space is formed between the top and the bottom.
The rubber bag is coaxial with the central shaft of the heat exchanger.
The N annular ribs are arranged at equal intervals.
The number N, the height, the inclination, the thickness, the interval A, the diameter d and the number N of the guide holes of the annular ribs are determined: the number N of the ribs is calculated by the maximum allowable additional mass of the buoy rib; the height of the rib is the radial dimension from the inner wall of the heat exchanger to the inner edge of the rib; the height of the annular rib at the bottommost part of the phase-change heat exchanger is H max =0.9×l, the height of the annular rib at the top of the phase-change heat exchanger is H min ＝(0.4～0.8)*H max Wherein L is the radius difference between the inner wall of the heat exchanger shell and the rubber bag; the rib inclination is (H) max -H min) ((N-1) ×a); the thickness of the rib is 1-5 mm; the number n of the diversion holes is 6-10, and the diameter d of the diversion holes is 10-20 mm.
The phase change material is selected from materials with the phase change temperature in the range of 4-30 ℃ and the phase change volume change rate of more than 8%. Preferably n-hexadecane or n-pentadecane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Compared with the existing fin welding method, the method does not damage the original structure of the shell of the phase-change heat exchanger and does not affect the mechanical strength of the shell of the phase-change heat exchanger; compared with the existing integral casting method, the annular rib mounting method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, low in manufacturing cost and convenient in later maintenance.
(2) The installation method for fixing the phase change rib through the nested holes and the threaded rod has good fixing effect on the rib, and can effectively prevent the rib from translating, moving up and down and rotating in the heat exchanger.
(3) The threaded holes in the ribs of the phase change heat exchanger disclosed by the invention are beneficial to strengthening the convection effect of the phase change material. Compared with welding or integrated design, the convection effect can shorten the melting and solidification time of the phase change material in the heat exchanger by 9%, and the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation system is higher.
(4) The ribs are arranged and installed by the threaded rod, so that the device is convenient to detach, convenient to replace and low in later maintenance cost.
(5) The threaded rod of the phase-change heat exchanger disclosed by the research has a telescopic function, and the arrangement space of the fins can be properly adjusted according to the working environment of the phase-change heat exchanger, so that the enhanced heat exchange effect of the fins on the heat exchanger is continuously kept in an optimal state, and the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a marine thermoelectric power generation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of the phase change heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the length adjustment of a threaded rod in a phase change heat exchanger;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mating three-dimensional structure of a threaded rod and annular ribs in a phase change heat exchanger.
In the figure:
101 heat exchanger housing 102 phase change material 103 first annular rib
104-second annular rib 105-third annular rib 106-fourth annular rib
107-rubber capsule 108-deflector aperture 109-threaded rod member
110-nested holes 111-threaded rod adjuster 112-spacer
113-generator housing 201-first check valve 202-second check valve
203-solenoid valve 204-generator 205-oil bag
206-turbine 207-flow controller 208-accumulator
1-electric motor 2-differential 3-anchor
4-upper fixed shaft 5-first spring 6-external thread loop bar
7-second spring 8-lower fixed shaft 9-screw thread
10-traction rope 11-rope winder 12-center hole
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are in no way limiting.
The invention provides a marine temperature difference energy power generation system carrying a novel phase change heat exchanger, which comprises a shell, wherein the top and the bottom of the shell are hemispherical shell spaces, and a cylindrical space is formed between the top and the bottom. The shell is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a partition plate 102 at a horizontal position, the upper part is a power generation device, the lower part is a phase change heat exchanger, the phase change heat exchanger comprises a rubber bag 107 arranged in a heat exchanger shell 101, the rubber bag 107 is coaxial with a heat exchanger central shaft, an oil port is arranged at the top of the rubber bag 107, hydraulic oil is filled in the rubber bag 107, a phase change material 102 is filled between the rubber bag 107 and the heat exchanger shell 101, the phase change material is a material with a phase change temperature within a range of 4-30 ℃, and the phase change volume change rate is more than 8%. The phase change material in this embodiment is preferably n-hexadecane or n-pentadecane.
The heat exchanger housing 101 has a threaded rod member 109 disposed therein parallel to the central axis of the heat exchanger. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the threaded rod part 109 includes an external threaded sleeve 6, an upper fixing shaft 4 and a lower fixing shaft 8 are respectively nested at the upper end and the lower end of the external threaded sleeve 6, a first spring 5 is arranged between the upper fixing shaft 4 and the external threaded sleeve 6, a second spring 7 is arranged between the lower fixing shaft 8 and the external threaded sleeve 6, a through hole for fixing the upper fixing shaft 4 is arranged on the partition 102, a central hole 12 is arranged on the upper fixing shaft 4, and a nesting hole 110 for fixing the lower fixing shaft 8 is arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchanger shell 101; the partition plate 102 is provided with a threaded rod adjuster 111 connected with the externally threaded sleeve rod 6. The threaded rod adjuster 111 comprises an electric motor 1, a differential mechanism 2, a rope winder 11 and a traction rope 10, wherein the electric motor 1 drives the differential mechanism 2 and the rope winder 11 in sequence, one end of the traction rope 10 is fixed on the rope winder 11, the other end of the traction rope 10 passes through the central hole 12 and then is fixed with the external thread sleeve rod 6, and the differential mechanism 2 is provided with a fixer 3.
N annular ribs coaxial with the central shaft of the heat exchanger are fixed on the external thread loop bar 6 at intervals through threaded connection, the outer edges of the N annular ribs are in contact with the inner surface of the heat exchanger shell 101, the circular arc diameters of the inner edges of the N annular ribs are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, and the inner edges of the N annular ribs belong to the same round platform side surface; a plurality of diversion holes 108 are formed on the N annular ribs; in this embodiment, the N annular ribs are equally spaced.
In the invention, the determination of the number N of the fins, the fin height, the fin inclination, the fin thickness, the fin interval A, the diameter d of the flow guide holes and the number N of the annular fins is shown in fig. 4, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The number N of the ribs is calculated by the maximum allowable additional mass of the buoy rib;
(2) The height of the rib is the radial dimension from the inner wall of the heat exchanger to the inner edge of the rib;
(3) The height of the annular rib at the bottommost part of the phase-change heat exchanger is H max =0.9×l, the height of the annular rib at the top of the phase-change heat exchanger is H min ＝(0.4～0.8)*H max Wherein L is the difference in radius between the inner wall of the heat exchanger housing 101 and the rubber bladder 107;
(4) The rib inclination is (H) max -H min) :((N-1)*A)；
(5) The thickness of the rib is 1-5 mm;
(6) The number n of the diversion holes is 6-10, and the diameter d of the diversion holes is 10-20 mm.
In the invention, the power generation device comprises a power generator 204, an oil bag 205, an oil outlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline, wherein the power generator 204 and the oil bag 205 are arranged in a power generation device shell 113, the oil outlet pipeline is connected to an oil port of the oil bag 205 through a connecting pipeline after sequentially passing through a first one-way valve 201, an energy accumulator 208, a flow controller 207 and a turbine 206 from an oil port of the rubber bag 107, and the turbine 206 is connected with the power generator 204; the oil return pipeline is connected to the oil port of the rubber bag 107 through a connecting pipeline after passing through the electromagnetic valve 203 and the second one-way valve 203 in sequence from the oil port of the oil bag 205. The connecting pipeline is a stainless steel high-pressure oil pipe.
In the invention, the connection sequence of all devices on a hydraulic oil outlet pipeline is a first one-way valve 201, an energy accumulator 208, a flow controller 207, a turbine 206 and an oil bag 205. The hydraulic oil with a low flow rate flows out of the rubber bag 107, flows into the accumulator 208 through the first check valve 201 and is concentrated and placed, and the accumulator 208 can also maintain the pressure of the hydraulic oil. When the pressure in the accumulator 208 reaches a set value, the flow controller 207 is opened, hydraulic oil flows through the flow controller 207 to drive the turbine 206 to rotate, the pressure of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the turbine is reduced, and finally the hydraulic oil flows into the oil bag 205 for oil return. The turbine may drive the generator 204 to generate electrical energy, with the accumulator recommended pressure setting recommended for 20MPa.
The connection sequence of all devices on the oil return pipeline of the hydraulic oil is an electromagnetic valve 203 and a second one-way valve 202. When the pressure of the rubber bag 107 in the phase change heat exchanger is reduced, the electromagnetic valve 203 is opened, and the hydraulic oil in the oil bag 205 flows back to the rubber bag 107 through the electromagnetic valve 203 and the second one-way valve 202.
The ocean temperature difference energy power generation system can pass through a warm water layer and a cold water layer in the ocean and convert the temperature difference energy of the sea water into electric energy, and the main working process of the ocean temperature difference energy power generation system is developed and detailed:
(1) Melting and generating phase change materials: in the initial state, the phase change material 102 in the phase change heat exchanger is in a solid phase. When the thermoelectric power generation system stays on the ocean surface, the temperature of the sea is higher, the phase-change material in the phase-change heat exchanger absorbs heat, and the phase-change material changes from solid to liquid, expands in volume and presses the rubber capsule 107. The hydraulic oil in the rubber bladder 107 is pressurized and flows out of the phase change heat exchanger, flows through the first check valve 201, and is temporarily stored in the accumulator 207. The accumulator pressure is continuously increased due to the inflow of hydraulic oil. When the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the accumulator reaches a set value, the flow controller 207 is opened, the hydraulic oil flows into the turbine 206 to push the turbine 206 to rotate, the turbine drives the generator 204 to generate electric energy, and the hydraulic oil flowing out of the turbine is temporarily stored in the oil bag 205.
(2) And (3) solidifying the phase change material and refluxing hydraulic oil: after the power generation process, the phase change material 102 of the phase change heat exchanger is in a liquid state. When the temperature difference energy power generation system hovers on the sea floor, the sea water temperature is lower, the phase change material 102 in the phase change heat exchanger releases heat and solidifies, the phase change material changes from liquid state to solid state, the volume contracts, negative pressure is formed in the rubber bag 107 of the phase change heat exchanger, the pressure is lower than the oil bag 204, hydraulic oil sequentially flows through the electromagnetic valve 203 and the second one-way valve 202 to flow back to the phase change heat exchanger, and the ocean temperature difference energy power generation system returns to the initial state. The underwater unmanned carrier shuttles once on the ocean surface layer and the deep sea, the phase change material can complete one phase change cycle, and the ocean temperature difference energy is utilized to complete power generation.
The ocean temperature difference energy power generation system disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the phase-change heat exchanger is an important part, the performance of the phase-change heat exchanger directly influences the power generation and the power generation efficiency of the system, the phase-change heat exchanger disclosed by the invention is additionally provided with annular ribs, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger can be enhanced, the integral structure of the phase-change heat exchanger is shown as a figure 4, and the phase-change heat exchanger is novel in structure and can solve the problems that the traditional rib heat exchanger is high in processing difficulty and the mechanical strength of the heat exchanger is damaged. The processing and manufacturing process of the phase change heat exchanger provided by the invention is developed in detail:
(1) The threaded rod member 109 is shown in particular in fig. 2. The threaded rod part 109 is of a multi-section structure with thick middle and thin two ends, the diameter of the external threaded sleeve rod 6 of the thicker part is 10-14 mm, the diameters of the upper fixed shaft 4 and the lower fixed shaft 8 at the top and the bottom are 6-12 mm, threaded rods with different diameters are matched with each other, in order to assemble and install springs, end covers are arranged at one end or two ends of the external threaded sleeve rod 6, end outer edges are arranged at the upper fixed shaft 5 and the lower fixed shaft 8, the upper fixed shaft 4 and the first spring 5 are installed as an example, the external threaded sleeve rod 6 is installed with the upper fixed shaft 5, the first spring 5 is placed in an annular space between the upper fixed shaft 5 and the external threaded sleeve rod 6, and then the end covers at the upper end of the external threaded sleeve rod 6 are fixed. The up-and-down movement of the external thread bush 6 can be achieved by the action of the threaded rod adjuster 111 and its spring between the external thread bush 6 and the upper and lower fixed shafts at both ends. As shown in fig. 2, the schematic diagram of the length adjustment of the external threaded sleeve rod 6 is that, inside the phase-change heat exchanger, the upper fixing shaft 4 and the lower fixing shaft 8 are respectively fixed in the through hole of the upper partition plate 102 of the phase-change heat exchanger and the sleeve hole 110 at the bottom of the heat exchanger shell 101. The electric motor 1 driving the threaded rod adjuster 111 sequentially drives the differential 2, namely the rope winder 9, to pull the traction rope 10, so that the up-and-down movement of the externally threaded sleeve rod 6 is realized. Meanwhile, a first spring 5 and a second spring 7 with telescopic functions are respectively arranged between the upper fixing shaft 4, the lower fixing shaft 8 and the second threaded rod, so that rebound of the external thread loop bar 6 is realized. The overall length of the threaded rod member 109 is dependent upon the height of the designed phase change heat exchanger shell 101.
(2) Annular ribs. The thickness of the annular rib has small influence on heat exchange, and only the strength requirement of the rib needs to be met when the thickness of the rib is designed; when the annular rib is processed, the outermost edge contacted with the heat exchanger shell 101 is provided with a chamfer as much as possible, and the thickness of the chamfer is recommended to be 0.5mm or 1mm; the flow guide holes 108 arranged on the annular rib can be internal threaded holes, one of the threaded holes is matched with the external threaded sleeve rod 6, and the vacant threaded holes play a role in flow guide, so that the internal convection strength of the heat exchanger can be enhanced, and the heat exchange performance is enhanced; in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, 4 annular ribs are designed, namely, 103-a first annular rib 103, a second annular rib 104, a third annular rib 105 and a fourth annular rib 106 from bottom to top, and all the four annular ribs are fixed on the externally threaded sleeve rod 6 of the threaded rod part 109 through threaded connection. The material of all annular ribs and threaded rod members 109 may be selected from the same metal material as the heat exchanger shell 101, or a material having a greater coefficient of thermal conductivity, and the problem of corrosion should be considered when different materials are in contact.
(3) A phase change heat exchanger housing 101 and a rubber bladder 107. According to the design requirement and the design criterion of the phase-change heat exchange, the phase-change heat exchanger is designed, the designed integral shell with two ends being hemispherical and the middle being cylindrical is processed, the partition 112 is processed and fixed, and the nested hole 110 at the bottom of the shell is processed. The rubber bladder 107 of the corresponding size is processed.
(4) And (5) assembling. According to the manufacturing requirements of the phase-change heat exchanger, all fins of the phase-change heat exchanger are installed on the threaded rod part 109, and the fixed shafts at the upper end and the lower end of the threaded rod part are respectively inserted into the corresponding positioning holes of the partition 112 and the bottom of the shell. Then placing the phase change material into a rubber capsule 107, filling the phase change material 102, and finally packaging the phase change heat exchanger. A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the assembled phase change heat exchanger is shown in FIG. 4.
In the invention, the up-and-down displacement of the annular rib is regulated according to the change of the environmental temperature of the phase-change heat exchanger, so as to ensure that the reinforcing heat exchange effect of the rib on the phase-change heat exchanger is always kept at the optimal effect. The adjustment strategy for the annular rib position will now be described:
(1) When the sea water is in winter or in sea areas with higher dimensions, the temperature of the surface sea water is low, and the temperature difference between the surface sea water and the deep sea water is small. The condition is unfavorable for the heat exchange enhancement of the phase-change heat exchanger, and the natural convection heat transfer process in the phase-change heat exchanger is weak, so that the phase-change speed of the phase-change material at the top is slower, and the phase-change speed of the phase-change material at the bottom is fast. At this point, the electric motor 1 should be started, pulling the annular rib upward.
(2) When the sea-water temperature is in summer or in sea areas with lower dimensions, the temperature of the surface sea water is higher, and the temperature difference between the surface sea water and the deep sea water is larger. The condition is favorable for enhancing the heat exchange of the phase-change heat exchanger, the natural convection effect in the phase-change heat exchanger is larger, so that the phase-change speed of the phase-change material at the top is higher, and the phase-change speed of the phase-change material at the bottom is lower. At this time, the fixer 3 should be closed, and the external thread loop bar 6 moves downwards in the first spring 5 and the second spring 7 to drive the annular rib to move downwards until the heat exchange effect of the phase change heat exchanger reaches an optimal value.
Although the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many modifications, for example, the specific adjustment parameters of the fin position depend on the optimization study of the corresponding phase change heat exchanger, can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the length adjustment principle of the threaded rod according to the invention can be implemented by using a multi-stage externally threaded sleeve rod, so as to realize the adjustment of the annular fin position and the spacing more flexibly.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a carry on ocean thermoelectric power generation system of novel phase transition heat exchanger, includes the casing, its characterized in that, the casing is divided into upper and lower two parts by baffle (102) of a horizontal position, and upper portion is power generation facility, and the lower part is phase transition heat exchanger, phase transition heat exchanger is including setting up rubber bag (107) in heat exchanger casing (101), the top of rubber bag (107) is equipped with the hydraulic fluid port, contain hydraulic oil in rubber bag (107), be filled with phase change material (102) between rubber bag (107) and heat exchanger casing (101), be equipped with in heat exchanger casing (101) with heat exchanger center pin parallel threaded rod part (109);
the threaded rod part (109) comprises an external thread loop bar (6), an upper fixing shaft (4) and a lower fixing shaft (8) are respectively nested at the upper end and the lower end of the external thread loop bar (6), a first spring (5) is arranged between the upper fixing shaft (4) and the external thread loop bar (6), a second spring (7) is arranged between the lower fixing shaft (8) and the external thread loop bar (6), a through hole for fixing the upper fixing shaft (4) is arranged on the partition plate (102), a central hole (12) is arranged on the upper fixing shaft (4), and a nesting hole (110) for fixing the lower fixing shaft (8) is arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchanger shell (101); a threaded rod adjuster (111) connected with the external threaded sleeve rod (6) is arranged on the partition plate (102);
n annular ribs coaxial with a central shaft of the heat exchanger are fixed on the external thread loop bar (6) at intervals through threaded connection, the outer edges of the N annular ribs are in contact with the inner surface of the heat exchanger shell (101), the circular arc diameters of the inner edges of the N annular ribs are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, and the inner edges of the N annular ribs belong to the same round platform side surface; a plurality of diversion holes (108) are formed on the N annular ribs;
the power generation device comprises a power generator (204), an oil bag (205) and an oil outlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline thereof, wherein the power generator is arranged in a power generation device shell (113), the oil outlet pipeline passes through a first one-way valve (201), an energy accumulator (208), a flow controller (207) and a turbine (206) from an oil port of the rubber bag (107) in sequence and then is connected to the oil port of the oil bag (205), and the turbine (206) is connected with the power generator (204); the oil return pipeline is connected to the oil port of the rubber bag (107) through a connecting pipeline after passing through the electromagnetic valve (203) and the second one-way valve (203) in sequence from the oil port of the oil bag (205).
2. The ocean temperature difference energy power generation system with the novel phase change heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the threaded rod adjuster (111) comprises an electric motor (1), a differential mechanism (2), a rope winder (11) and a traction rope (10), the electric motor (1) drives the differential mechanism (2) and the rope winder (11) in sequence, one end of the traction rope (10) is fixed on the rope winder (11), the other end of the traction rope (10) passes through the central hole (12) and then is fixed with the external thread loop bar (6), and the differential mechanism (2) is provided with a fixer (3).
3. The ocean thermal energy power generation system carrying the novel phase change heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the connecting pipeline is a stainless steel high-pressure oil pipe.
4. The ocean thermal energy power generation system with the novel phase change heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the pressure set value of the accumulator (208) is 20MPa.
5. The ocean thermal energy power generation system carrying the novel phase-change heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the top and the bottom of the shell are hemispherical shell spaces, and a cylindrical space is formed between the top and the bottom.
6. The ocean thermal energy power generation system carrying the novel phase change heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the rubber bag (107) is coaxial with a central shaft of the heat exchanger.
7. The ocean thermal energy power generation system carrying the novel phase change heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the N annular fins are arranged at equal intervals.
8. The ocean thermal energy power generation system carrying a novel phase change heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the number of fins N, the fin height, the fin inclination, the fin thickness, the fin spacing A, the diameter d of the flow guide holes and the number N of the annular fins are determined by:
the number N of the ribs is calculated by the maximum allowable additional mass of the buoy rib;
the height of the rib is the radial dimension from the inner wall of the heat exchanger to the inner edge of the rib;
the height of the annular rib at the bottommost part of the phase-change heat exchanger is H max =0.9×l, the height of the annular rib at the top of the phase-change heat exchanger is H min ＝(0.4～0.8)*H max Wherein L is the radius difference between the inner wall of the heat exchanger shell (101) and the rubber bag (107);
the rib inclination is (H) max -H min) :((N-1)*A)；
The thickness of the rib is 1-5 mm;
the number n of the diversion holes is 6-10, and the diameter d of the diversion holes is 10-20 mm.
9. The ocean thermal energy power generation system carrying the novel phase-change heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the phase-change material is a material with a phase-change temperature within a range of 4-30 ℃ and a phase-change volume change rate of more than 8%.
10. The ocean thermal energy power generation system with the novel phase change heat exchanger according to claim 9, wherein the phase change material is n-hexadecane or n-pentadecane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310828205.8A CN116839404A (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Ocean temperature difference energy power generation system carrying novel phase change heat exchanger |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310828205.8A CN116839404A (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Ocean temperature difference energy power generation system carrying novel phase change heat exchanger |
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| CN202310828205.8A Pending CN116839404A (en) | 2023-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | Ocean temperature difference energy power generation system carrying novel phase change heat exchanger |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116839404A (en) |
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