CN116816627A - Composite power system and application thereof - Google Patents

Composite power system and application thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN116816627A
CN116816627A CN202310559473.4A CN202310559473A CN116816627A CN 116816627 A CN116816627 A CN 116816627A CN 202310559473 A CN202310559473 A CN 202310559473A CN 116816627 A CN116816627 A CN 116816627A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
chamber
phase change
change material
heat exchanger
power system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310559473.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王瑞奇
刘子平
李邦明
邹振海
陈凯
庞杰
吴君
赵振兴
周天成
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
719th Research Institute Of China State Shipbuilding Corp
Original Assignee
719th Research Institute Of China State Shipbuilding Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 719th Research Institute Of China State Shipbuilding Corp filed Critical 719th Research Institute Of China State Shipbuilding Corp
Priority to CN202310559473.4A priority Critical patent/CN116816627A/en
Publication of CN116816627A publication Critical patent/CN116816627A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/20—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
    • F03G7/045—Environmental heat plants or OTEC plants using an Organic Rankine Cycle [ORC] or a Kalina Cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
    • F03G7/05—Ocean thermal energy conversion, i.e. OTEC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
    • B63G2008/002—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned
    • B63G2008/004—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned autonomously operating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/20—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units
    • B63H2021/202—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units of hybrid electric type

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite power system and application thereof, wherein the composite power system comprises: an accumulator; an outer oil pocket; a first hydraulic cylinder; the foldable pressure-resistant air bag is connected with one side of the first piston rod, which is far away from the second chamber, of the first hydraulic cylinder; the air outlet of the external seawater heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag; the air inlet of the steam turbine is connected with the air outlet of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag, and the air outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the air inlet of the external seawater heat exchanger; the generator is connected with the steam turbine; a second hydraulic cylinder; phase change material heat exchanger. According to the invention, the thermal floating power system and the Rankine cycle power system based on the phase change material are compounded, the ocean temperature difference energy is compounded and utilized, the conversion from the ocean temperature difference energy to the work is completed, and the utilization way and the utilization efficiency of the ocean temperature difference energy are increased. And a gliding mode and a propeller rotating and pushing mode are combined, so that a plurality of working modes are provided for the submarine.

Description

Composite power system and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power systems of underwater unmanned underwater vehicles, in particular to a composite power system and application thereof.
Background
The underwater thermal glider adopts phase-change materials, and utilizes the temperature difference between the marine surface warm water and deep cold water (the temperature of the marine surface sea water is about 20-30 ℃ and the temperature of the sea water is about 4-10 ℃ at the depth of 500 m) to generate melting-solidification phase change, the volume of melted liquid is larger than that of solid, the buoyancy of the underwater thermal glider is changed by the volume change, the underwater thermal glider floats upwards or sinks, and in the floating and sinking process of the thermal glider, the advancing power is generated by the appearance, the sliding wings or the tail wings of the thermal glider in the floating and sinking process.
At present, the propulsion of the underwater thermal glider mainly rises or sinks through buoyancy adjustment and the wings generate forward power, and the propulsion power performance is weak, the speed is low and the environmental adaptability is poor. Accordingly, there is a need for further improvements to existing underwater vehicle power systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a composite power system and application thereof. According to the invention, the thermal floating power system based on the second phase change material and the Rankine cycle power system based on the first phase change material are compounded, the two systems are compounded to utilize ocean temperature difference energy, high-temperature heat absorption phase change storage is carried out, the turbine does work and then low-temperature condensation is carried out, the conversion from the ocean temperature difference energy to the work is completed, and the utilization way and the utilization efficiency of the ocean temperature difference energy are increased. And the foldable pressure-resistant air bag is stretched or compressed and stretched in the stretching process by adopting the first hydraulic cylinder, so that the adoption of a pump for pumping and conveying steam and liquid working media is avoided, and the energy consumption of the pump is saved. In addition, the electricity generated by the steam turbine and the generator can be stored in a storage battery, and under the condition of needing high navigational speed, the electric energy in the storage battery is used for driving the tail motor and the folding propeller to provide high navigational speed for the underwater unmanned underwater vehicle, namely, the invention combines a gliding mode and a propeller rotating and pushing mode and provides various working modes for the underwater unmanned underwater vehicle.
In a first aspect of the present invention, a hybrid powertrain is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid power system includes:
an accumulator;
an outer oil pocket, the volume of which may vary;
the first hydraulic cylinder comprises a first piston assembly, a first chamber and a second chamber, the first piston assembly comprises a first piston rod, the first chamber is connected with the energy accumulator through an oil way, and the second chamber is connected with the outer oil bag through an oil way;
the side, away from the first hydraulic cylinder, of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag is connected with the side, away from the second chamber, of the first piston rod;
the external seawater heat exchanger is internally provided with a first phase change material, and an air outlet of the external seawater heat exchanger is connected with an air inlet of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag;
the air inlet of the steam turbine is connected with the air outlet of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag, and the air outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the air inlet of the external seawater heat exchanger;
a generator connected to the steam turbine;
a second hydraulic cylinder comprising a second piston assembly and a third chamber, the first piston assembly and the second piston assembly being capable of synchronous reciprocation;
the phase change material heat exchanger is connected with the third chamber through an oil way, and a second phase change material is arranged in the phase change material heat exchanger.
According to the composite power system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the thermal floating power system based on the second phase change material and the Rankine cycle power system based on the first phase change material are compositely utilized, the two systems are compositely utilized for ocean temperature difference energy, high-temperature heat absorption phase change storage and low-temperature condensation after acting through a steam turbine, the conversion from the ocean temperature difference energy to the work is completed, and the utilization way and the utilization efficiency of the ocean temperature difference energy are increased. And the foldable pressure-resistant air bag is stretched or compressed and stretched in the stretching process by adopting the first hydraulic cylinder, so that the adoption of a pump for pumping and conveying steam and liquid working media is avoided, and the energy consumption of the pump is saved. In addition, the electricity generated by the steam turbine and the generator can be stored in a storage battery, and under the condition of needing high navigational speed, the electric energy in the storage battery is used for driving the tail motor and the folding propeller to provide high navigational speed for the underwater unmanned underwater vehicle, namely, the invention combines a gliding mode and a propeller rotating and pushing mode and provides various working modes for the underwater unmanned underwater vehicle.
In addition, the hybrid power system according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the hybrid powertrain further comprises: the storage battery is connected with the generator and used for storing electricity generated by the generator.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hybrid powertrain further comprises: and the motor is connected with the storage battery and is used for providing power for the propeller.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the external seawater heat exchanger is a thin tube cage heat exchanger, and the thin tube cage heat exchanger includes a plurality of thin tubes extending along a length direction of the composite power system, and the first phase change material is disposed in each of the thin tubes.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first phase change material comprises at least one of ammonia, R152a, and R24.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second phase change material comprises at least one of n-hexadecane, n-dodecane, and n-tetradecane.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first piston assembly further comprises a first piston disposed between the first chamber and the second chamber, the second piston assembly comprises a second piston rod and a second piston, the second hydraulic cylinder further comprises a fourth chamber, the second piston is disposed between the third chamber and the fourth chamber, and the first piston rod and the second piston rod are connected.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cross-section of the second chamber is equal to the cross-section of the first chamber, and the cross-section of the second chamber is greater than the cross-section of the third chamber.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the phase change material heat exchanger includes a first accommodating chamber and a second accommodating chamber, wherein an inner bag is arranged in the first accommodating chamber, hydraulic oil is filled in the inner bag, and the second accommodating chamber is filled with the second phase change material.
In a second aspect of the invention, a submersible vehicle is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the submarine has the hybrid power system described in the above embodiment. Thus, the submersible vehicle has all the advantages of the hybrid power system, which are not described in detail herein.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid powertrain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a composite power system (no pressure-resistant watertight chamber housing) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view in the direction D-D of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a phase change material heat exchanger to a second hydraulic cylinder according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a 1-outer oil bag, a 2-second leading-through shell tube, a 3-first hydraulic cylinder, a 3-1-second chamber, a 3-2-first piston, a 3-3-first chamber, a 3-4-first piston rod, a 4-foldable pressure-resistant air bag, a 5-steam turbine, an air inlet of the 5-1-steam turbine, an air outlet of the 5-2-steam turbine, a 6-generator, a 7-storage battery, an 8-accumulator, a 9-pressure-resistant watertight chamber shell, a 10-second hydraulic cylinder, a 10-1-third chamber, a 10-2-second piston, a 10-3-fourth chamber, a 10-4-second piston rod, an 11-outer seawater heat exchanger, a 11-1-thin tube, a 12-first leading-through shell tube, a 13-phase change material heat exchanger, a 13-1-first accommodating chamber, a 13-2-second accommodating chamber, a 14-tail motor, a 15-foldable propeller and a 16-fixed support.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In a first aspect of the present invention, a hybrid powertrain is presented, referring to fig. 1-5, the hybrid powertrain comprising: an accumulator 8; the volume of the outer oil bag 1 can be changed; the first hydraulic cylinder 3, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 includes the first piston assembly, first cavity 3-3 and second cavity 3-1, the first piston assembly includes the first piston rod 3-4, the first cavity 3-3 couples to energy accumulator 8 through the oil circuit, the second cavity 3-1 couples to outer oil bag 1 through the oil circuit; the side of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 away from the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected with the side of the first piston rod 3-4 away from the second chamber 3-1; the external seawater heat exchanger 11, the first phase change material is arranged in the external seawater heat exchanger 11, and the air outlet of the external seawater heat exchanger 11 is connected with the air inlet of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4; the air inlet 5-1 of the steam turbine is connected with the air outlet of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4, and the air outlet 5-2 of the steam turbine is connected with the air inlet of the external seawater heat exchanger 11; the generator 6 is connected with the steam turbine 5; a second hydraulic cylinder 10, the second hydraulic cylinder 10 including a second piston assembly and a third chamber 10-1, the first piston assembly and the second piston assembly being capable of synchronous reciprocation; the phase change material heat exchanger 13, the phase change material heat exchanger 13 is connected with the third chamber 10-1 through an oil way, and a second phase change material is arranged in the phase change material heat exchanger 13. Therefore, the invention combines the thermal floating power system based on the second phase change material and the Rankine cycle power system based on the first phase change material, and the two systems compositely utilize ocean temperature difference energy, store the high-temperature heat absorption phase change, do work through the steam turbine 5 and condense at low temperature, thereby completing the conversion from the ocean temperature difference energy to the work and increasing the utilization way and the utilization efficiency of the ocean temperature difference energy. And the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 is stretched or compressed and stretched in the stretching process of the first hydraulic cylinder 3, so that the fact that a pump is used for pumping and conveying steam and liquid working media is avoided, and the energy consumption of the pump is saved. In addition, the electricity generated by the steam turbine 5 and the generator 6 can be stored in the storage battery 7, and under the condition of needing high navigational speed, the electric energy in the storage battery 7 is used for driving the tail motor and the folding propeller to provide high navigational speed for the underwater unmanned underwater vehicle, namely, the invention combines a gliding mode and a propeller rotating and pushing mode and provides various working modes for the underwater vehicle.
The principle that the composite power system provided by the invention can realize the beneficial effects is described in detail as follows:
referring to fig. 5, the phase change material heat exchanger 13 has a first accommodating chamber 13-1 and a second accommodating chamber 13-2, an inner bag is provided in the first accommodating chamber 13-1, hydraulic oil is filled in the inner bag, and a second phase change material is filled in the second accommodating chamber 13-2. The second phase change material can undergo melting-solidification phase change under the temperature difference between the ocean surface layer warm water and the deep cold water, the second phase change material can be melted into a liquid state when the ocean surface layer is formed, and the second phase change material can be solidified into a solid state when the ocean deep layer is formed. The second phase change material periodically absorbs and releases heat and is accompanied with solid-liquid phase change of volume expansion and contraction, and the inner bag has extrusion, rebound and deformation actions in the process of expanding or contracting the second phase change material so as to adjust the volume of hydraulic oil in the inner bag.
The working process of the composite power system is as follows:
sinking process of the submarine vessel: when the sea level is at a higher temperature, the second phase change material in the phase change material heat exchanger 13 exchanges heat with the sea water, the second phase change material melts, the volume of the second phase change material expands to squeeze the inner bag, the inner bag contracts to enable hydraulic oil in the inner bag to flow towards the third chamber 10-1 along the oil way under pressure, and the second piston assembly is pushed to move to the right side, and referring to fig. 1. The first piston assembly is connected with the second piston assembly, the second piston assembly drives the first piston assembly to move, the first piston assembly also moves to the right side, and therefore hydraulic oil in the first chamber 3-3 flows towards the energy accumulator 8 along an oil path and enters the energy accumulator 8 to store energy. When the first piston assembly moves to the right, hydraulic oil in the outer oil bag 1 flows towards the second chamber 3-1 along an oil path, the volume of the outer oil bag 1 is contracted, the buoyancy of the submersible vehicle is reduced, and accordingly the submersible vehicle is sunk, and forward power is generated through wings and other parts.
Meanwhile, when the sea level is at a higher temperature, the first phase-change material in the external sea water heat exchanger 11 exchanges heat with sea water, so that the first phase-change material boils and becomes high-energy steam which enters the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4. When the first piston assembly moves to the right, the first piston rod 3-4 drives the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 to move to the right, and when the first piston rod 3-4 is positioned at the rightmost side within the allowable range of the first hydraulic cylinder 3, the volume of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 is maximum, and the internal pressure is lower.
And (3) a floating process of the submarine: when the temperature difference energy drives the submarine to submerge to a deep water layer, the temperature of the seawater is low, the second phase change material and the seawater generate heat exchange, and the second phase change material is solidified and has volume shrinkage. The accumulator 8 is already stored energy in the sinking process of the submarine, the accumulator 8 is opened at the high-pressure side, hydraulic oil in the accumulator 8 flows to the first chamber 3-3 along the oil way, and the first piston assembly is pushed to move to the left, and reference is made to fig. 2 and 4. The first piston assembly is connected with the second piston assembly, the first piston assembly drives the second piston assembly to move, and the second piston assembly also moves to the left side, so that hydraulic oil in the third chamber 10-1 flows towards the inner bag along the oil path, and the inner bag is subjected to rebound deformation. While the first piston assembly moves to the left, the hydraulic oil in the second chamber 3-1 flows along the oil path toward the outer oil bag 1, the volume of the outer oil bag 1 expands, the buoyancy of the submersible vehicle increases, and thus the submersible vehicle floats upward, and forward power is generated by the wing and other components.
Along with the movement of the first piston rod 3-4 to the left, the first piston rod 3-4 extrudes the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4, so that high-energy steam in the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 enters the steam turbine 5 to push the steam turbine 5 to do work, the enthalpy value of the steam is converted into kinetic energy, and the kinetic energy is further converted into electric energy by the generator 6 and is stored in the storage battery 7. The waste gas generated by the steam turbine 5 is discharged into a seawater heat exchanger, condensed under the cooling of external seawater (4-10 ℃), changed into a liquid medium again, and prepared for the next cycle along with the whole heave period of the submarine. That is, the process of the high-energy steam in the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 entering the steam turbine 5 to do work mainly occurs in a deep water layer, the high-energy steam generated by the first phase-change material in the external seawater heat exchanger 11 when the sea surface is stored in the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4, and the high-energy steam is sunk to the deep water layer and then enters the steam turbine 5 to do work. If the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 is not arranged, high-energy steam generated in the external seawater heat exchanger 11 at sea surface can work on the steam turbine 5 at sea surface, but the temperature of the steam turbine 5 at sea surface is higher, low-pressure vacuum cannot be generated by condensation, so that the pressure difference of the steam turbine 5 is smaller, the working efficiency is poor, and even the working cannot be performed, so that the high-energy steam generated in the external seawater heat exchanger 11 at sea surface needs to be stored in the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 first, and the submarine reaches a deep water layer to perform the working on the steam turbine 5. When the high-energy steam enters the steam turbine 5 to do work, the waste steam generated by the steam turbine 5 is discharged into a seawater heat exchanger and condensed under the cooling of deep external seawater (4-10 ℃), and the work efficiency is high. And the high-energy steam generated in the external seawater heat exchanger 11 when in the sea surface is stored in the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4, so that the acting time of the steam turbine 5 can be prolonged.
In summary, the external seawater heat exchanger 11 is arranged in the composite power system, the first phase change material in the external seawater heat exchanger 11 can generate gasification-liquefaction phase change under the temperature difference of the ocean surface warm water and the deep cold water, steam generated on the ocean surface is stored in the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4, then the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 can be compressed in the ocean deep layer by adopting the expansion and contraction process of the first hydraulic cylinder 3, high-energy steam in the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 enters the steam turbine 5, the steam turbine 5 is driven to do work, the enthalpy value of the steam is converted into kinetic energy, and the kinetic energy is further converted into electric energy by the generator 6 and is stored in the storage battery 7. Therefore, the power system based on the second phase change material and the Rankine cycle power system based on the first phase change material are compounded, the two systems are compounded to utilize ocean temperature difference energy, high-temperature heat absorption phase change storage is carried out, low-temperature condensation is carried out after the turbine 5 is used for doing work, conversion from the ocean temperature difference energy to the work is completed, and the utilization way and the utilization efficiency of the ocean temperature difference energy are increased. And the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 is stretched or compressed and stretched in the stretching process of the first hydraulic cylinder 3, so that the fact that a pump is used for pumping and conveying steam and liquid working media is avoided, and the energy consumption of the pump is saved. In addition, the electricity generated by the steam turbine 5 and the generator 6 can be stored in the storage battery 7, and under the condition of needing high navigational speed, the electric energy in the storage battery 7 is used for driving the tail motor and the folding propeller to provide high navigational speed for the underwater unmanned underwater vehicle, namely, the invention combines a gliding mode and a propeller rotating and pushing mode and provides various working modes for the underwater vehicle.
Further, referring to fig. 4, the first piston assembly further includes a first piston 3-2, the first piston rod 3-4 is disposed on the first piston 3-2, the first piston 3-2 is disposed between the first chamber 3-3 and the second chamber 3-1, and hydraulic oil is disposed in each of the first chamber 3-3 and the second chamber 3-1. The second piston assembly comprises a second piston rod 10-4 and a second piston 10-2, the second piston rod 10-4 is arranged on the second piston, the second hydraulic cylinder 10 further comprises a fourth chamber 10-3, the second piston 10-2 is arranged between the third chamber 10-1 and the fourth chamber 10-3, hydraulic oil is arranged in the third chamber 10-1, and hydraulic oil is not arranged in the fourth chamber 10-3. The first piston rod 3-4 and the second piston rod 10-4 are connected (e.g. fixable by a fixation ring) so as to enable synchronous reciprocating movement of the first piston assembly and the second piston assembly. Further, the end face of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 away from the first piston assembly is flush with the end face of the second hydraulic cylinder 10 away from the second piston assembly, so that the mounting surfaces of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 are identical, that is, the first hydraulic cylinder 3 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 can be mounted on the same fixing ring, and the compactness of the structure is facilitated. Further, the axis of the first hydraulic cylinder 3 and the axis of the second hydraulic cylinder 10 are parallel.
Further, referring to fig. 4, the cross-section of the second chamber 3-1 is larger than the cross-section of the third chamber 10-1, and the cross-section of the second chamber 3-1 is equal to the cross-section of the first chamber 3-3, i.e., the volume of the third chamber 10-1 is much smaller than the volume of the second chamber 3-1 and the volume of the first chamber 3-3. The second piston assembly is driven to move along the third chamber 10-1 with the small cross section to drive the first piston assembly to move along the second chamber 3-1 with the large cross section and the first chamber 3-3 with the large cross section, or the first piston assembly is driven to move along the second chamber 3-1 with the large cross section and the first chamber 3-3 to drive the second piston assembly to move along the third chamber 10-1 with the small cross section, so that the volume change of the second phase change material can be converted into the volume change of the outer oil bag 1 in a multiple way when the solid-liquid phase change occurs, the consumption of the second phase change material can be greatly reduced under the same buoyancy change requirement, the phase change process of the second phase change material can be accelerated, and the reliability of a temperature difference energy power system of the submarine can be further improved.
Further, the second phase change material can undergo melting-solidification phase change under the temperature difference between the ocean surface layer warm water and the deep cold water, the second phase change material can be melted into a liquid state when the ocean surface layer is formed, and the second phase change material can be solidified into a solid state when the ocean deep layer is formed. The specific kind of the second phase change material is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select according to actual needs, and as a specific example, the second phase change material includes at least one of n-hexadecane, n-dodecane, and n-tetradecane, wherein the freezing point of n-hexadecane is about 18 ℃. In the sailing process of the submarine, the temperature of the shallow water layer is within the range of 20-30 ℃ and the temperature of the deep water area is 4-10 ℃, so that the phase change of n-hexadecane can be satisfied.
Further, referring to fig. 2-4, a side of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 far from the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected with a side of the first piston rod 3-4 far from the second chamber 3-1, and a side of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 near to the first hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected and fixed with an end face of the first hydraulic cylinder 3, which is a fixed end of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4. In fig. 3, reference numeral 16 denotes a stationary bracket for fixedly connecting components of the hybrid power system.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the external seawater heat exchanger 11 is a thin tube cage type heat exchanger, and the thin tube cage type heat exchanger includes a plurality of thin tubes 11-1 extending along the length direction of the composite power system, and a first phase change material is disposed in each thin tube 11-1. The tubule cage type heat exchanger is arranged on the outer side of the underwater unmanned submarine, the tubule 11-1 is in direct contact with seawater, the tubule 11-1 can better bear the pressure of high-pressure seawater outside a pipeline and internal medium pressure, the thickness and the weight of the tubule cage type heat exchanger can be effectively reduced, and the tubule cage type heat exchanger has lower thermal resistance and better heat exchange capacity. When in sea surface, the external seawater heat exchanger 11 exchanges heat with seawater with higher temperature, and the liquid first phase change material in the tubule boils to become high-energy steam; when in a deep water area, the gaseous first phase-change material in the tubule exchanges heat with seawater with lower temperature, and steam is condensed to become a liquid medium.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and 2, an external seawater heat exchanger 11 is disposed outside the pressure-tight cavity housing 9, the air outlet of the external seawater heat exchanger 11 is introduced into the inside of the housing through a first connection penetrating housing tube 12, connected to two air inlets on the upper side of the fixed end of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4, the air outlet in the middle of the fixed end of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4 is connected to the air inlet of the small turbine 5, and the air outlet of the turbine 5 is connected to the air inlet of the external seawater heat exchanger 11 through a second connection penetrating housing tube 2.
Further, the first phase-change material can be gasified-liquefied and phase-changed under the temperature difference between the ocean surface warm water and the deep cold water, the first phase-change material can be gasified into a gas state when the ocean surface is in the ocean surface, and the first phase-change material can be liquefied into a liquid state when the ocean deep is in the ocean surface. The specific kind of the first phase change material is not particularly limited, and may be flexibly selected according to actual needs by those skilled in the art, and as some specific examples, the first phase change material includes at least one of ammonia, R152a and R24.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the above-mentioned hybrid power system further includes: the storage battery 7, the storage battery 7 links to each other with generator 6, and the storage battery 7 is used for saving the electricity that steam turbine 5 and generator 6 sent. The electricity generated by the steam turbine 5 and the generator 6 is not directly used, and the energy can be utilized in a diversified manner.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the above-mentioned hybrid power system further includes: a tail motor 14, the tail motor 14 being connected to the battery 7, the tail motor 14 being adapted to power the foldable propeller 15. The storage battery 7 provides electricity for the tail motor 14 so as to drive the foldable propeller 15 to provide forward power for the submarine.
Further, the above-mentioned hybrid power system further includes: the electromagnetic valve and the stop valve can be arranged on the power oil path, the electromagnetic valve controls the on-off of the power oil path, and the stop valve controls the flow direction of the power oil path to flow unidirectionally, so that the action process of the power system is changed, and the power output of the power system and the track characteristics of the submarine are changed.
In a second aspect of the invention, a submersible vehicle is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, a submarine has the hybrid power system of the above embodiment. Thus, the submarine has all the advantages of the hybrid power system and will not be described in detail herein.
In the embodiment of the invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the submarine further comprises a pressure-resistant watertight cavity housing 9, the energy accumulator 8, the first hydraulic cylinder 3, the second hydraulic cylinder 10, the foldable pressure-resistant air bag 4, the steam turbine 5 and the generator 6 are all arranged in the pressure-resistant watertight cavity housing 9, the outer oil bag 1 and the phase change material heat exchanger 13 are arranged outside the pressure-resistant watertight cavity housing 9, and the outer seawater heat exchanger 11 is arranged outside the pressure-resistant watertight cavity housing 9. A tail motor 14 and a foldable propeller 15 are provided at the tail of the submarine.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A hybrid powertrain, comprising:
an accumulator;
an outer oil pocket, the volume of which may vary;
the first hydraulic cylinder comprises a first piston assembly, a first chamber and a second chamber, the first piston assembly comprises a first piston rod, the first chamber is connected with the energy accumulator through an oil way, and the second chamber is connected with the outer oil bag through an oil way;
the side, away from the first hydraulic cylinder, of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag is connected with the side, away from the second chamber, of the first piston rod;
the external seawater heat exchanger is internally provided with a first phase change material, and an air outlet of the external seawater heat exchanger is connected with an air inlet of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag;
the air inlet of the steam turbine is connected with the air outlet of the foldable pressure-resistant air bag, and the air outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the air inlet of the external seawater heat exchanger;
a generator connected to the steam turbine;
a second hydraulic cylinder comprising a second piston assembly and a third chamber, the first piston assembly and the second piston assembly being capable of synchronous reciprocation;
the phase change material heat exchanger is connected with the third chamber through an oil way, and a second phase change material is arranged in the phase change material heat exchanger.
2. The hybrid powertrain of claim 1, further comprising: the storage battery is connected with the generator and used for storing electricity generated by the generator.
3. The hybrid powertrain of claim 2, further comprising: and the motor is connected with the storage battery and is used for providing power for the propeller.
4. The hybrid power system of claim 1, wherein the external seawater heat exchanger is a tubule cage heat exchanger comprising a plurality of tubules extending along a length direction of the hybrid power system, each of the tubules having the first phase change material disposed therein.
5. The hybrid powertrain of claim 1, wherein the first phase change material comprises at least one of ammonia, R152a, and R24.
6. The hybrid powertrain of claim 1, wherein the second phase change material comprises at least one of n-hexadecane, n-dodecane, and n-tetradecane.
7. The hybrid powertrain of any of claims 1-6, wherein the first piston assembly further comprises a first piston disposed between the first chamber and the second chamber, the second piston assembly comprises a second piston rod and a second piston, the second hydraulic cylinder further comprises a fourth chamber, the second piston is disposed between the third chamber and the fourth chamber, and the first piston rod and the second piston rod are connected.
8. The hybrid powertrain of claim 7, wherein a cross-section of the second chamber is equal to a cross-section of the first chamber and a cross-section of the second chamber is greater than a cross-section of the third chamber.
9. The hybrid powertrain of any of claims 1-6, wherein the phase change material heat exchanger comprises a first containment chamber and a second containment chamber, the first containment chamber having an inner bladder filled with hydraulic oil and the second containment chamber having the second phase change material.
10. A submersible vehicle having a hybrid power system according to any one of claims 1-9.
CN202310559473.4A 2023-05-17 2023-05-17 Composite power system and application thereof Pending CN116816627A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310559473.4A CN116816627A (en) 2023-05-17 2023-05-17 Composite power system and application thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310559473.4A CN116816627A (en) 2023-05-17 2023-05-17 Composite power system and application thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116816627A true CN116816627A (en) 2023-09-29

Family

ID=88123081

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310559473.4A Pending CN116816627A (en) 2023-05-17 2023-05-17 Composite power system and application thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116816627A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8683803B2 (en) Method and apparatus for energy harvesting through phase-change induced pressure rise under cooling conditions
US10946944B2 (en) Modified CO2 cycle for long endurance unmanned underwater vehicles and resultant chirp acoustic capability
CN107605677B (en) Temperature difference energy power generation device for unmanned underwater vehicle
CN102975836B (en) A kind of Underwater glider energy source system and control method thereof
US5303552A (en) Compressed gas buoyancy generator powered by temperature differences in a fluid body
JP2020515753A (en) Environmental heat energy conversion
US4041707A (en) Underwater thermal energy conversion unit
CN111661288A (en) Temperature difference energy and electric energy buoyancy driving system for underwater vehicle and vehicle driving method based on system
CN116816627A (en) Composite power system and application thereof
CN110341924B (en) Ship propulsion system
CN114715367B (en) Heat floating Kalina submarine power system
CN111692058B (en) Ocean temperature difference energy phase change power generation device for unmanned underwater vehicle
Zhang et al. Application and improvement of the interlayer thermal engine powered by ocean thermal energy in an underwater glider
RU2081782C1 (en) Method of motion of submersible vehicle in depth and device for realization of this method (versions)
WO2011008158A1 (en) Hydraulic pressure transducer and hydraulic system
CN116605391A (en) Power system and application thereof
CN113460276B (en) Temperature control type underwater buoyancy adjusting device and underwater glider
CN110344965B (en) Ship rotary propulsion system
EP2492627B1 (en) Cooling system for a solar thermal Rankine cycle
CN117889055A (en) Temperature difference energy-pressure difference energy power generation device for ascending and descending type submersible
CN116733699A (en) Rankine cycle power generation device based on ocean temperature difference energy and application thereof
CN117622438B (en) Autonomous underwater vehicle power supply system based on ocean temperature difference
CN114604397B (en) Ocean temperature difference energy storage localized section shuttle unmanned platform
CN100535576C (en) Back-heat accumulator of gliding type underwater launch vehicle
CN118224058A (en) Efficient integrated temperature difference energy driven deep sea detection device and working method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination