CN111081398A - Integrated fast spectrum reactor core structure for gapless solid heat transfer - Google Patents
Integrated fast spectrum reactor core structure for gapless solid heat transfer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111081398A CN111081398A CN201911407701.6A CN201911407701A CN111081398A CN 111081398 A CN111081398 A CN 111081398A CN 201911407701 A CN201911407701 A CN 201911407701A CN 111081398 A CN111081398 A CN 111081398A
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- heat pipe
- fuel rod
- mounting hole
- core
- matrix structure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/14—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from headers; from joints in ducts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
- G21C15/04—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from fissile or breeder material
- G21C15/06—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from fissile or breeder material in fuel elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
- G21C5/02—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear reactors, and particularly relates to an integrated fast spectrum reactor core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer. The reactor core comprises a reactor core matrix structure, heat pipes, fuel rods and filler metal, wherein the heat pipes and the fuel rods are fixedly arranged in the reactor core matrix structure, and the filler metal is filled in the reactor core matrix structure and between the heat pipes and the fuel rods and serves as heat conduction materials. The invention has simple structure, high reliability and modularization, and can be applied to the structural design of a small heat pipe reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear reactors, and particularly relates to an integrated fast spectrum reactor core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer.
Background
The heat pipe reactor adopts heat pipes for heat conduction, has no system loop and high-power mechanical rotating equipment, has the technical characteristics of long service life or even whole service life without material change, high inherent safety, low noise, high power volume-weight ratio, simple and reliable system equipment and the like, realizes thermoelectric conversion by combining a plurality of advanced power generation technologies such as thermocouple power generation, thermoacoustic power generation, thermophotovoltaic power generation and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of underwater space stations, land emergency disaster relief, island and reef power supply and seawater desalination, offshore energy exploitation, small-sized city power supply and heat supply, space detection and the like as energy supply options.
The core structure is one of the key components of the heat pipe reactor, plays a role in containing and fixing the fuel pellets and the heat pipes, transfers the heat generated by the fuel pellets to the heat pipes, bears the load transferred to the core from the outside and protects the integrity of the fuel pellets and the heat pipes in the aspects of structure and function. For the research of the heat pipe reactor, a large amount of research is carried out by related research units at home and abroad, but the public reports are mostly macroscopic reports, the core structure mentioned in the invention is not described in detail, and the typical structural form is shown in the attached drawings 1-3.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows:
aiming at the requirements of small power and heat pipe reactors in various application occasions in the future, the invention provides an integrated fast spectrum reactor core structure with gapless solid heat transfer, which has simple structure, high reliability and modularization and can be applied to the structural design of the small heat pipe reactor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a fast spectrum core structure of integration of zero clearance solid state heat transfer, includes core matrix structure, heat pipe, fuel rod, filler metal, and heat pipe and fuel rod fixed mounting are in core matrix structure, and filler metal is filled inside core matrix structure, between heat pipe and the fuel rod, act as the heat conduction material.
The proportion of the heat pipe to the fuel rod is 3: 1. 2: 1. 1: 1. 1: 2. 1: 3; the reactor core is arranged in a reactor core matrix structure in a regular triangle, square or regular hexagon.
The reactor core matrix structure is an internal cavity structure and comprises a lower reactor core matrix structure and an upper reactor core matrix structure, and the lower reactor core matrix structure and the upper reactor core matrix structure form an integral structure through mounting pins.
The lower reactor core matrix structure is a structure with a seam allowance at the upper part, the bottom of the lower reactor core matrix structure is provided with a fuel rod mounting hole and a heat pipe mounting hole according to a certain arrangement relation, the fuel rod mounting hole and the heat pipe mounting hole are blind holes and provide positioning for a heat pipe and a fuel rod, and pin holes which are uniformly arranged are designed on the seam allowance.
The fuel rod mounting hole and the heat pipe mounting hole that correspond lower part core matrix structure in upper portion core matrix structure top have been seted up to fuel rod mounting hole and heat pipe mounting hole, and fuel rod mounting hole and heat pipe mounting hole are the through-hole, and heating supply pipe and fuel rod pass and provide spacingly, and the lower extreme is equipped with tang and lower part core matrix structure cooperation to it has the pinhole to correspond to open, and the top has still designed and has filled metal filling hole and exhaust hole.
The fuel rod comprises a cladding, fuel pellets and a compression spring; the fuel pellet adopts UO2As a fuel.
The heat pipe is a high-temperature high-efficiency alkali metal heat pipe and comprises an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section; and the end of the evaporation section is provided with a positioning shaft for installing and fixing the heat pipe in the reactor core matrix structure.
The materials used for the fuel rod cladding, the heat pipe cladding and the core matrix structure are nuclear-grade stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and molybdenum-rhenium alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the integrated fast spectrum reactor core structure with gapless solid heat transfer provided by the invention is simple and reliable, has high inherent safety, strong heat conduction and heat transfer capacity and modular configuration capacity, and can be matched with various thermoelectric conversion devices for application.
(2) Compared with the solid reactor core of the heat pipe reactor adopting mechanical connection and gaps, the solid reactor core structure of the gapless solid heat transfer integrated fast spectrum provided by the invention has the advantages that the air gap is not formed, the way of transferring the heat of the fuel core blocks to the heat pipe is simpler and more direct, the heat transfer and conduction efficiency is higher, and the improvement of the efficiency and the performance of the whole reactor device is more facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings, which are required to describe the embodiments of the present invention, will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and that other drawings can be derived from the following drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a heat pipe reactor according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat pipe reactor in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heat pipe reactor according to the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an integrated fast spectrum core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a core matrix structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the lower core matrix structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the upper core matrix structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a fuel rod construction;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a heat pipe structure;
in the figure: 1-core base structure, 2-heat pipe, 3-fuel rod, 4-filler metal, 11-lower core base structure, 12-upper core base structure, 13-mounting pin, 111-heat pipe mounting hole, 112-fuel rod mounting hole, 113-pin hole, 121-heat pipe mounting hole, 122-fuel rod mounting hole, 123-pin hole, 124-filler metal injection hole, 125-exhaust hole, 21-evaporation section, 22-adiabatic section, 23-condensation section.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the embodiments described below are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments described herein without inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4: an integrated fast-spectrum reactor core structure with gapless solid heat transfer comprises a reactor core matrix structure 1, heat pipes 2, fuel rods 3 and filler metal 4, wherein the heat pipes 2 and the fuel rods 3 are fixedly arranged in the reactor core matrix structure 1 according to the arrangement mode (for example, the proportion of the heat pipes to the fuel rods is 3: 1; 2: 1; 1: 1; 1: 2; 1: 3, the heat pipes and the fuel rods are arranged in a regular triangle, square or regular hexagon), the filler metal 4 is filled in the reactor core matrix structure 1, and the heat pipes 2 and the fuel rods 3 serve as heat conduction materials.
As shown in fig. 5: the core base structure 1 is a core of the entire core structure, and the core base structure 1 is an internal cavity structure, and is composed of a lower core base structure 11 and an upper core base structure 12, which form an integral structure through a mounting pin 13.
As shown in fig. 6, the lower core matrix structure 11 is a structure with a seam allowance at the upper part, the fuel rod mounting holes 111 and the heat pipe mounting holes 112 are designed at the bottom part according to a certain arrangement relationship (for example, the heat pipe and the fuel rods are arranged in a ratio of 3: 1, 2: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3, which is in a regular triangle, square or regular hexagon), the fuel rod mounting holes 111 and the heat pipe mounting holes 112 are blind holes for positioning the heat pipe 2 and the fuel rods 3, and the seam allowance is designed with uniformly arranged pin holes 113.
As shown in fig. 7, the top of the upper core base structure 12 corresponding to the fuel rod mounting hole 111 and the heat pipe mounting hole 112 of the lower core base structure 11 has been provided with a fuel rod mounting hole 121 and a heat pipe mounting hole 122, the fuel rod mounting hole 121 and the heat pipe mounting hole 122 are through holes, the heat supply pipe 2 and the fuel rod 3 pass through and provide spacing, the lower end is provided with a spigot to be matched with the lower core base structure 11 and is provided with a pin hole 123 corresponding to the pin hole, and the top is further designed with a filling metal injection hole 124 and an exhaust hole 125.
As shown in fig. 8: the fuel rod 3 is composed of cladding, fuel pellets, a compression spring, and the like. The fuel pellet is generally UO2As a fuel.
As shown in fig. 9: the heat pipe 2 is a high-temperature high-efficiency alkali metal heat pipe and consists of an evaporation section 21, a heat insulation section 22 and a condensation section 23. And the end of the evaporation section is provided with a positioning shaft for installing and fixing the heat pipe in the reactor core matrix structure.
The arrangement of the heat pipes 2 in the core matrix structure 1 can be led out from one side in the axial direction of the core, or can be designed to be symmetrically led out from two sides according to requirements.
The filler metal 4 is selected according to the principle that the melting point of the filler metal is 50-300K higher than the working temperature of the reactor, is more than 200K lower than the melting points of all other materials of the reactor, and has good heat conductivity coefficient. For example, the reactor core uses fast neutrons, and the filler metal that may be selected may be pure gold, pure silver, pure copper, or the like.
The materials used for the fuel rod 3 cladding, the heat pipe 2 cladding and the reactor core matrix structure 1 can be nuclear grade stainless steel, nickel base alloy and molybdenum-rhenium alloy.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a fast spectrum core structure of integration of zero clearance solid state heat transfer which characterized in that: including core matrix structure (1), heat pipe (2), fuel rod (3), filler metal (4), heat pipe (2) and fuel rod (3) fixed mounting are in core matrix structure (1), and inside core matrix structure (1) was filled in filler metal (4), between heat pipe (2) and fuel rod (3), acted as the heat conduction material.
2. The integral fast spectrum core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer of claim 1 wherein: the proportion of the heat pipe (2) to the fuel rod (3) is 3: 1. 2: 1. 1: 1. 1: 2. 1: 3; the reactor core matrix structure (1) is arranged in a regular triangle, a square or a regular hexagon.
3. The integral fast spectrum core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer of claim 2 wherein: the reactor core matrix structure (1) is an internal cavity structure and comprises a lower reactor core matrix structure (11) and an upper reactor core matrix structure (12), and an integral structure is formed through a mounting pin (13).
4. The integral fast spectrum core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer of claim 3 wherein: the lower reactor core matrix structure (11) is a structure with a seam allowance at the upper part, a fuel rod mounting hole (111) and a heat pipe mounting hole (112) are arranged at the bottom according to a certain arrangement relation, the fuel rod mounting hole (111) and the heat pipe mounting hole (112) are blind holes and used for positioning the heat pipe (2) and the fuel rod (3), and pin holes (113) which are uniformly arranged are designed on the seam allowance.
5. The integral fast spectrum core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer of claim 3 wherein: fuel rod mounting hole (121) and heat pipe mounting hole (122) have been seted up to fuel rod mounting hole (111) and heat pipe mounting hole (112) that upper portion core base structure (12) top corresponds lower part core base structure (11), fuel rod mounting hole (121) and heat pipe mounting hole (122) are the through-hole, heat supply pipe (2) and fuel rod (3) pass and provide spacingly, the lower extreme is equipped with tang and lower part core base structure (11) cooperation, and it corresponds to open pinhole (123), the top still design has and fills metal filling hole (124) and exhaust hole (125).
6. The integral fast spectrum core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer of claim 1 wherein: the fuel rod (3) comprises cladding, fuel pellets, compression springs; the fuel pellet adopts UO2As a fuel.
7. The integral fast spectrum core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer of claim 1 wherein: the heat pipe (2) is a high-temperature high-efficiency alkali metal heat pipe and comprises an evaporation section (21), a heat insulation section (22) and a condensation section (23); the end of the evaporation section (21) is provided with a positioning shaft for installing and fixing the heat pipe in the core matrix structure.
8. The integral fast spectrum core structure for gapless solid state heat transfer of claim 1 wherein: the materials used for the fuel rod (3) cladding, the heat pipe (2) cladding and the reactor core matrix structure (1) are nuclear-grade stainless steel, nickel-based alloy and molybdenum-rhenium alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911407701.6A CN111081398A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Integrated fast spectrum reactor core structure for gapless solid heat transfer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911407701.6A CN111081398A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Integrated fast spectrum reactor core structure for gapless solid heat transfer |
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| CN111081398A true CN111081398A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112102972A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Reactor core heat transfer scheme for high-power heat pipe reactor |
| CN113643830A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-12 | 上海交通大学 | Method for processing core of heat pipe cooling reactor |
| CN113990527A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Solid reactor core structure of heat pipe reactor |
| CN114005552A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-01 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Heat pipe reactor integrated solid reactor core structure capable of easily measuring reactor core temperature |
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| CN104766636A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-08 | 中国科学技术大学 | Embedded integrated structure of nuclear fuel rod and central cooling heat pipe |
| US20180033501A1 (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-02-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Nuclear reactor and a method of heat transfer from a core |
| WO2019199200A1 (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-17 | Акционерное общество "Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - Физико-энергетический институт имени А.И. Лейпунского" | Nuclear reactor core |
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2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911407701.6A patent/CN111081398A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104766636A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-08 | 中国科学技术大学 | Embedded integrated structure of nuclear fuel rod and central cooling heat pipe |
| US20180033501A1 (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-02-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Nuclear reactor and a method of heat transfer from a core |
| WO2019199200A1 (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-17 | Акционерное общество "Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - Физико-энергетический институт имени А.И. Лейпунского" | Nuclear reactor core |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112102972A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Reactor core heat transfer scheme for high-power heat pipe reactor |
| CN113643830A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-12 | 上海交通大学 | Method for processing core of heat pipe cooling reactor |
| CN113990527A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Solid reactor core structure of heat pipe reactor |
| CN114005552A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-01 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Heat pipe reactor integrated solid reactor core structure capable of easily measuring reactor core temperature |
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Application publication date: 20200428 |
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