CN116839311A - Process method for drying biomass material by using flue gas waste heat - Google Patents
Process method for drying biomass material by using flue gas waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN116839311A CN116839311A CN202310493878.2A CN202310493878A CN116839311A CN 116839311 A CN116839311 A CN 116839311A CN 202310493878 A CN202310493878 A CN 202310493878A CN 116839311 A CN116839311 A CN 116839311A
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- absorbent cotton
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 365
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 306
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001599 direct drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/16—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by contact with sorbent bodies, e.g. absorbent mould; by admixture with sorbent materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
Abstract
The invention discloses a process method for drying biomass materials by using waste heat of flue gas. Firstly, primary drying is obtained by mixing and stirring with absorbent cotton, then secondary drying is carried out by a primary rotary kiln, then the biomass material is subjected to vacuum treatment, and finally a dried product is obtained by a secondary rotary kiln. Compared with the traditional process, the process method for drying biomass materials by utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas has the advantages of improving the drying effect, reducing the energy consumption to the minimum, reducing the production cost of enterprises, and having no need of additional modification on drying equipment, along with prominent advantages, and being suitable for industrial popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field, in particular to a process method for drying biomass materials by using waste heat of flue gas.
Background
In order to protect the living environment of human beings and reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, the use of fossil energy is gradually reduced in China, and the utilization of renewable energy sources such as biomass energy is encouraged.
At present, a power plant using biomass fuel has the defects that the fuel is difficult to catch fire and burn out due to the fact that the water content of the biomass fuel is too high, the temperature of a combustion area is reduced, the combustion time of the fuel in a hearth is shortened, and incomplete combustion loss is increased. The water in the fuel is changed into water vapor in the biomass combustion process, the heat capacity and the gasification latent heat of the water are large, the energy waste is caused by the high water content and the excessively high exhaust gas temperature, the flue gas amount is increased by the high water vapor, the dew point of the flue gas is increased, low-temperature corrosion is easy to generate, and the most effective method is to reduce the water content in the biomass fuel, so that the water content of the flue gas is reduced. Meanwhile, the biomass power plant suffers from excessively high exhaust gas temperature, so that energy is wasted, and the bag-type dust collector works at an overtemperature, so that potential safety hazards exist. The biomass is dried by using the low-quality heat source such as the flue gas, so that the cascade utilization of energy can be realized, the content of moisture in biomass combustion is reduced, and the economy and the safety are improved.
In order to solve the problem, the invention introduces the smoke discharged from the power generation boiler by using the rotary kiln, so that biomass materials and smoke are fully mixed and subjected to heat exchange, excessive moisture in the materials is taken away by using smoke waste heat evaporation and smoke wind energy, the biomass materials are dried, and the availability, the heating value and the utilization rate of biomass materials of agricultural and forestry wastes are improved.
The flue gas drying method is drying by using flue gas as a heat source. There are two common methods for hot flue gas drying: namely, a direct drying method and an indirect drying method. The drying process can be realized because the vapor pressure of the moisture on the surface of the material must exceed the vapor pressure of the drying medium (such as high-temperature flue gas), the moisture on the surface of the material can be vaporized, the moisture in the material can continuously move to the surface, and heat is required for realizing the vaporization of the drying water and heat transfer is required. The transfer of heat occurs due to the temperature difference between the objects, and it is known from the second law of thermodynamics that heat is always transferred automatically from a higher temperature object to a lower temperature object and not automatically from a lower temperature object to a higher temperature object.
1. Convection of heat
Convection is the heat transfer process caused by the relative displacement of particles in each portion of the fluid. Convection is natural convection and forced convection, and a forced convection method is adopted for general product drying. The heat exchange during drying takes place between the solid surface and the gas. When the high-temperature flue gas flows through the dried material, heat energy is transferred to the surface of the wet material by the fluid, so that the temperature of the dried material is increased, and the process is convection heat transfer.
2. Conduction of heat
The biomass particles are surrounded by high-temperature flue gas, heat is gradually transferred from the surfaces of the particles to the interiors of the particles, the temperature of the whole particles is increased, and thermal drying is realized by utilizing heat conduction.
3. Radiation of heat
In the combustion process of the fuel in the fire bed furnace, when new fuel containing a certain amount of moisture is directly added to the hot fire bed, the new fuel is heated by the hot fire bed below, and is also subjected to the radiation heat action of high-temperature flames in a hearth and furnace walls, the temperature rises quickly, and the new fuel immediately enters a thermodynamic preparation stage of combustion, and the process is radiation heat transfer.
The boring of the rotary kiln is an operation for removing partial moisture in a material by using heat. The common method is an indirect or direct heat transfer boring method, namely, heat is indirectly or directly transferred to wet materials of the rotary kiln by taking hot gas as a medium, so that moisture on the outer surface of the wet materials is evaporated, and the moisture is diffused into gas flow through a gas film on the outer surface; meanwhile, since moisture is gasified on the surface of the material, a moisture difference occurs between the inside and the outside of the material, and the moisture inside the material diffuses to the outside in a gaseous or liquid manner, thereby making the material boring. The water vapor pressure at the surface of the material needs to be greater than the partial pressure of water vapor in the boring medium. The greater the pressure difference between the two, the faster the runny speed and the runny medium should take away the evaporated steam band in time.
Through the prior art and document retrieval, the following steps are found: patent CN104329923A discloses a method for drying by using waste heat of flue gas of power plant
A method of mass fuel and apparatus therefor, the method comprising the steps of: 1) Step utilization of flue gas waste heat; 2) Primary high-temperature rapid hot air drying; 3) Second-stage medium-temperature hot air drying; 4) Three-stage low-temperature accelerated drying; the device comprises a multi-layer belt dryer and a flue gas waste heat cascade recovery heat exchange system, wherein a conveyer belt in a drying chamber of a dryer case is separated into a closed high-temperature area from top to bottom by a partition plate, a medium-temperature area and a low-temperature area, a high-temperature air inlet is formed in the front side of the high-temperature area, a medium-temperature air inlet is formed in the front side of the medium-temperature area, a low-temperature air inlet is formed in the front side of the low-temperature area, and a discharging chute is arranged between adjacent conveyer belts, so that biomass fuel is in a serpentine conveying state from an upper layer to a lower layer.
Patent CN213873564U discloses a utilize flue gas waste heat to dry living beings material system, including flue gas waste heat recovery device and drying device, flue gas waste heat recovery device passes through pipe connection with drying device, flue gas waste heat recovery device includes inlet, flue casing, outlet flue and coiled pipe, inlet header is connected to coiled pipe one end, outlet header is connected to the coiled pipe other end, coiled pipe installs on the flue casing, coiled pipe is located between inlet flue and the outlet flue, drying device includes the fan, the rotary drum, heat transfer pipe and driving motor, driving motor installs at the rotary drum both ends, the heat transfer pipe is located the inside central axis of rotary drum.
The drying effect is improved by changing the device of the drying equipment, the drying effect of biomass materials is improved theoretically, the production cost is necessarily improved while the equipment is modified, part of functions of the original equipment are also lost, and part of resource waste is necessarily caused by increasing the heating temperature or the speed of the introduced hot air. The novel biomass material drying method obtained through process improvement is suitable for large-scale industrial popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process method for drying biomass materials by utilizing flue gas waste heat, which has obvious gain effect on improving the drying effect of biomass materials and recycling energy under the improvement of related processes and raw materials.
The principle of the invention is as follows: 1. according to the invention, high-temperature flue gas is continuously introduced into the primary rotary kiln and the secondary rotary kiln, so that the circulation of the flue gas and air is ensured, and the surface and internal moisture of biomass materials are taken away through the circulation of hot gas, thereby achieving the purpose of drying; 2. the invention controls the size and density of the absorbent cotton, and aims to increase the residence time of the absorbent cotton in the primary rotary kiln and ensure the absorption effect of the absorbent cotton on the gas moisture in the furnace; 2. the temperature in the rotary kiln is controlled to be 140 ℃ at the maximum, so that the denaturation of the polyester absorbent cotton is not caused, and the surface temperature of the absorbent cotton can be controlled to be near 110 ℃ due to water and steam; 3. in the invention, the biomass material is treated by vacuum, and the water in the biomass material overflows from the biomass material by utilizing the negative pressure under vacuum, so that the subsequent drying treatment is facilitated.
In the invention, the important point 1 is that no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biological material in the stirring process of the biological material and the absorbent cotton, so that the proper input amount of the absorbent cotton is needed, and the absorbent effect of the absorbent cotton is ensured not to be saturated; 2. the biomass material and the absorbent cotton are simultaneously put into the primary rotary kiln, so that the biomass material needs to be basically dried, the flow rate of the hot air introduced into the rotary kiln is proper, namely the temperature control is proper, a great amount of waste can not be caused, and the vapor needs to be carried away from the rotary kiln; 3. in the vacuum treatment process, the moisture in the biomass material needs to be overflowed, which needs to be reasonable in vacuum degree when vacuumizing.
The invention relates to a specific implementation scheme of a process method for drying biomass materials by using flue gas waste heat, which comprises the following steps:
the first step: according to the type of the biological material, the absorbent cotton is selected, the density of the absorbent cotton is 10-30% of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
and a second step of: adding polyester absorbent cotton accounting for 10-30% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
and a third step of: spreading biomass material and 5-15% of polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeder, and conveying the biomass material to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass material is conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
fourth step: starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 90-120 ℃ and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 20-40min;
fifth step: the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
sixth step: placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1-10pa, and the treatment time is 20-40min;
seventh step: delivering the vacuum processed sample to a feeding air-locking material delivering valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying process, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 90-140 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 40-60min;
eighth step: the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln is conveyed to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve, and dried biomass material is obtained;
the beneficial effects are that:
(1) The invention designs a process method for drying biomass materials by using the waste heat of the flue gas, which utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas for the second time, thereby avoiding the waste of energy sources;
(2) The invention designs a process method for drying biomass materials by using flue gas waste heat, which uses polyester absorbent cotton as an absorbent material, and the polyester absorbent cotton can be dried and then reused, so that the waste of materials is avoided, and the production cost is reduced;
(3) The invention designs a process method for drying biomass materials by utilizing flue gas waste heat, which is to stir absorbent cotton and biomass materials to remove surface moisture of the biomass materials, so that the subsequent drying time is greatly reduced;
(4) The invention designs a process method for drying biomass materials by utilizing flue gas waste heat, which is characterized in that absorbent cotton and biomass materials are fed into a primary rotary kiln together, so that the water vapor content in the kiln is reduced, and the drying efficiency is improved;
(5) The invention designs a process method for drying biomass materials by utilizing flue gas waste heat, which is characterized in that the biomass materials after secondary drying are subjected to vacuum treatment, and the water in the biomass materials is outwards diffused by utilizing the negative pressure effect of vacuum, so that the drying time in a secondary rotary kiln is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a preparation flow chart of a process method for drying biomass materials by using waste heat of flue gas.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a process method for drying biomass materials by using flue gas waste heat, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
selecting absorbent cotton according to the type of biomass material, and limiting the density and size of the absorbent cotton;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to the mass of the biomass material, and mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
feeding biomass material and polyester absorbent cotton into a first-stage rotary kiln;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, and keeping the temperature and the effective residence time in the kiln;
sending the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material;
conveying the vacuum processed sample to a second-stage rotary kiln for drying;
outputting the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to obtain dried biomass material;
as an example, the following description of several specific examples of the foregoing process for drying biomass materials by using flue gas waste heat are given in the examples of the present invention, namely examples 1, 2, 3 and 1-7.
Example 1:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
according to the type of the biological material, the absorbent cotton is selected, the density of the absorbent cotton is 10 percent of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to 10% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
spreading biomass materials and 5% polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeding machine, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 90 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln for 20min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1pa and the treatment time is 20min;
delivering the vacuum processed sample to a feeding air-locking material delivering valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying process, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 90 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 40min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Example 2:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
according to the type of the biological material, the absorbent cotton is selected, the density of the absorbent cotton is 30% of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to 30% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
spreading biomass materials and 15% polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeding machine, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 120 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 40min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum-treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 10pa and the treatment time is 40min;
conveying the vacuum treatment sample to a feeding air-locking conveying valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 140 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 60min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Example 3:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
the absorbent cotton is selected according to the type of the biological material, the density of the absorbent cotton is 20 percent of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to 20% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
spreading biomass materials and 10% polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeder, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 100 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 30min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1pa, and the treatment time is 30min;
conveying the vacuum treatment sample to a feeding air-locking conveying valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 110 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 50min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Comparative example 1:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
the absorbent cotton is selected according to the type of the biological material, the density of the absorbent cotton is 50% of that of the biological material, and the size is 20 multiplied by 20mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to 20% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
spreading biomass materials and 10% polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeder, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 100 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 30min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1pa, and the treatment time is 30min;
conveying the vacuum treatment sample to a feeding air-locking conveying valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 110 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 50min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Comparative example 2:
step S1, secondary drying is carried out on biomass materials through a primary rotary kiln;
stirring the biomass material to obtain a primary dried biomass material;
spreading biomass materials on a feeding belt through a feeding machine, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of the first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 100 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 30min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s2, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1pa, and the treatment time is 30min;
conveying the vacuum treatment sample to a feeding air-locking conveying valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 110 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 50min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Comparative example 3:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
the absorbent cotton is selected according to the type of the biological material, the density of the absorbent cotton is 20 percent of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
spreading biomass materials and 10% polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeder, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 100 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 30min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1pa, and the treatment time is 30min;
conveying the vacuum treatment sample to a feeding air-locking conveying valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 110 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 50min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Comparative example 4:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
the absorbent cotton is selected according to the type of the biological material, the density of the absorbent cotton is 20 percent of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to 20% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
spreading biomass materials on a feeding belt through a feeding machine, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of the first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 100 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 30min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1pa, and the treatment time is 30min;
conveying the vacuum treatment sample to a feeding air-locking conveying valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 110 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 50min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Comparative example 5:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
the absorbent cotton is selected according to the type of the biological material, the density of the absorbent cotton is 20 percent of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to 20% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
spreading biomass materials and 10% polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeder, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 100 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 30min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
delivering the secondary dried biomass material to a feeding air-locking material delivering valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, and keeping the temperature in the kiln at 110 ℃ and the effective time for the biomass material to stay in the kiln at 50min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Comparative example 6:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
the absorbent cotton is selected according to the type of the biological material, the density of the absorbent cotton is 20 percent of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to 20% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
spreading biomass materials and 10% polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeder, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 100 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 30min;
and (3) feeding the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln into a discharging air-locking material conveying valve of the first-stage rotary kiln, and conveying the biomass material out of the rotary kiln onto a transition belt by the air-locking material conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Comparative example 7:
step S1, selecting absorbent cotton according to a biomass material property sheet;
the absorbent cotton is selected according to the type of the biological material, the density of the absorbent cotton is 20 percent of that of the biological material, and the size is 200 multiplied by 200mm;
s2, secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to 20% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
spreading biomass materials and 10% polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeder, and conveying the biomass materials to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of a first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass materials are conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 180 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 30min;
the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln enters a first-stage rotary kiln discharging air locking material conveying valve, and the air locking material conveying valve sends the biomass material out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
s3, drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain a dried biomass material;
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1pa, and the treatment time is 30min;
conveying the vacuum treatment sample to a feeding air-locking conveying valve of a second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 110 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 50min;
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
Table 1:
| project | Water content | Impurity rate of absorbent cotton | Absorbent cotton reusability |
| Example 1 | ＜4％ | ＞6％ | Can be used for |
| Example 2 | ＜1％ | ＜2％ | Can be used for |
| Example 3 | ＜2％ | ＜2％ | Can be used for |
| Comparative example 1 | ＜4％ | ＜2％ | Can be used for |
| Comparative example 2 | ＜10％ | ＜1％ | Can be used for |
| Comparative example 3 | ＜7％ | ＜2％ | Can be used for |
| Comparative example 4 | ＜5％ | ＜2％ | Can be used for |
| Comparative example 5 | ＜7％ | ＜2％ | Can be used for |
| Comparative example 6 | ＜14％ | ＜2％ | Can be used for |
| Comparative example 7 | ＜2％ | ＜2％ | Failure to denature |
From the data in table 1, it can be seen that the drying effect of the rotary kiln can be effectively improved by adding the absorbent cotton into the drying process, and the secondary drying of the rotary kiln also has an obvious gain effect on the drying effect of the biomass material, however, the drying temperature is not too high in the drying process, so that the absorbent cotton is denatured and invalid, and the production cost is increased.
Claims (10)
1. A process method for drying biomass materials by using waste heat of flue gas, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting absorbent cotton according to the biomass material property sheet;
secondary drying is carried out on the biomass material through a primary rotary kiln;
drying by a secondary rotary kiln to obtain the dried biomass material.
2. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the steps of,
the step of selecting absorbent cotton according to the biomass material property sheet comprises the following steps:
selecting absorbent cotton according to the type of biomass material, and limiting the density and size of the absorbent cotton;
the secondary drying step of the biomass material by the primary rotary kiln comprises the following steps:
adding polyester absorbent cotton according to the mass of the biomass material, and mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material to obtain a primary-drying biomass material;
feeding biomass material and polyester absorbent cotton into a first-stage rotary kiln;
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, and keeping the temperature and the effective residence time in the kiln;
sending the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln out of the rotary kiln to a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material;
the step of drying the biomass material by the secondary rotary kiln to obtain the dried biomass material comprises the following steps:
placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material;
conveying the vacuum processed sample to a second-stage rotary kiln for drying;
and outputting the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to obtain the dried biomass material.
3. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 2, wherein,
the cotton absorbs water according to the kind of biological material selection, and the density and the size of the cotton that absorbs water are limited to include:
the density of the absorbent cotton is 10-30% of that of the biomass material, and the size is 200×200mm.
4. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 2, wherein,
the step of adding polyester absorbent cotton according to the mass of the biomass material, and mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material to obtain a primary dried biomass material comprises the following steps:
adding polyester absorbent cotton accounting for 10-30% of the mass of the biomass material, mixing and stirring the absorbent cotton and the biomass material until no obvious water stain exists on the surface of the biomass material, and separating the absorbent cotton to obtain the primary-drying biomass material.
5. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 2, wherein,
the step of feeding the biomass material and the polyester absorbent cotton into the first-stage rotary kiln comprises the following steps:
spreading biomass material and 5-15% of polyester absorbent cotton on a feeding belt through a feeder, and conveying the biomass material to a feeding air-locking material conveying valve of the first-stage rotary kiln by the feeding belt, wherein the biomass material is conveyed into the first-stage rotary kiln by the air-locking material conveying valve.
6. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 2, wherein,
the method comprises the steps of starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, and maintaining the temperature and the effective residence time in the kiln, and comprises the following steps:
starting the rotary kiln, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, keeping the temperature in the kiln at 90-120 ℃, and keeping the effective time of the biomass material in the kiln at 20-40min.
7. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 2, wherein,
the step of sending the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln out of the rotary kiln onto a transition belt to obtain secondary drying biomass material comprises the following steps:
and (3) feeding the biomass material moving to the tail of the rotary kiln into a discharging air-locking material conveying valve of the first-stage rotary kiln, and conveying the biomass material out of the rotary kiln onto a transition belt by the air-locking material conveying valve to obtain the secondary drying biomass material.
8. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 2, wherein,
the step of placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment and vacuumizing the biomass material comprises the following steps:
and (3) placing the secondary dried biomass material into vacuum equipment, and vacuumizing the biomass material to obtain a vacuum treated sample, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1-10pa, and the treatment time is 20-40min.
9. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 2, wherein,
the step of conveying the vacuum processed sample to a second-stage rotary kiln for drying comprises the following steps:
and conveying the vacuum treatment sample to a feeding air-locking conveying valve of the second-stage rotary kiln to enter a second-stage drying treatment, continuously introducing high-temperature flue gas into the kiln, and keeping the temperature in the kiln at 90-140 ℃ and the effective time for staying the biomass material in the kiln at 40-60min.
10. The process for drying biomass material by utilizing waste heat of flue gas according to claim 2, wherein,
the step of outputting the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to obtain the dried biomass material comprises the following steps of:
and conveying the biomass material reaching the tail of the second-stage rotary kiln to a discharging belt by a discharging air-locking conveying valve to obtain the dried biomass material.
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