CN216155488U - Device for preparing waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon - Google Patents
Device for preparing waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN216155488U CN216155488U CN202121659238.7U CN202121659238U CN216155488U CN 216155488 U CN216155488 U CN 216155488U CN 202121659238 U CN202121659238 U CN 202121659238U CN 216155488 U CN216155488 U CN 216155488U
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- activated carbon
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- flue gas
- incineration power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for preparing waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon, which comprises: the incineration power generation unit comprises an incinerator, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine generator unit which are arranged in sequence; the activated carbon preparation unit comprises a drying furnace, a carbonization furnace and an activation furnace which are arranged in sequence; a heat exchange unit comprising a heat exchanger; the steam turbine generator unit is connected with the activation furnace, and exhaust steam discharged by the steam turbine generator unit enters the activation furnace to be used as an activating agent in the activation process; and smoke discharged by the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace passes through the heat exchanger to heat air, and the heated air enters the drying furnace to dry the raw materials. According to the device for preparing the waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon, the produced activated carbon is directly used for removing dioxin and heavy metals in a flue gas purification system, so that efficient co-production of an incineration power generation unit and an activated carbon preparation unit is realized, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the production cost of a waste incineration power plant is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of incineration power generation, in particular to a device for preparing waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon.
Background
The waste incineration power generation technology has the characteristics of reduction, recycling, harmlessness and the like, and becomes an important way for treating domestic waste in recent years. A large amount of toxic and harmful substances such as dioxin, heavy metals and the like are generated in the waste incineration process, and the dioxin and the heavy metals in combustion flue gas are generally removed by an activated carbon adsorption method in a waste incineration power plant at present.
Because the consumption of the activated carbon is large, for example, about 0.4kg of activated carbon is consumed for each ton of garbage, and taking 750t/d garbage incineration power generation scale as an example, only 100 tons of activated carbon are needed for flue gas purification every year, and the activated carbon is purchased by a garbage incineration power plant, so that the production cost is increased; meanwhile, due to the uneven quality of the activated carbon, the use of the poor quality activated carbon can also seriously affect the flue gas emission index of the power plant and reduce the production efficiency.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a device for waste incineration power generation coupled with activated carbon preparation to solve the above problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In the summary section a series of concepts in a simplified form is introduced, which will be described in further detail in the detailed description section. The inventive content of the present invention is not intended to define key features or essential features of the claimed solution, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed solution.
The utility model provides a device for preparing waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon, which comprises the following components:
the incineration power generation unit comprises an incinerator, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine generator unit which are arranged in sequence;
the activated carbon preparation unit comprises a drying furnace, a carbonization furnace and an activation furnace which are arranged in sequence;
a heat exchange unit comprising a heat exchanger;
the steam turbine generator unit is connected with the activation furnace, and exhaust steam discharged by the steam turbine generator unit enters the activation furnace to be used as an activating agent in the activation process;
and smoke discharged by the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace passes through the heat exchanger to heat air, and the heated air enters the drying furnace to dry the raw materials.
Furthermore, the flue gas discharged by the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace enters the incinerator after heat exchange by the heat exchanger.
Further, the device that waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon was prepared still includes: and the high-temperature fan is arranged between the heat exchanger and the incinerator.
Further, hot air discharged from the drying furnace enters the incinerator as primary air or secondary air.
Further, the activated carbon preparation unit further comprises: and the second combustion chamber is connected with the carbonization furnace, combustible substances generated by the carbonization furnace enter the second combustion chamber to be combusted, and flue gas generated by the second combustion chamber enters the carbonization furnace to provide heat.
Furthermore, the smoke discharged by the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace enters a waste heat boiler to recover the heat of the smoke and generate steam.
Further, steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters the activation furnace to be used as an activating agent in the activation process.
Further, the incineration power generation unit further includes: and the flue gas purification device is connected with the waste heat boiler and is used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler.
Further, the activated carbon preparation unit further comprises: and the stone-removing and powder-grinding device is used for crushing and grinding the activated carbon prepared by the activation furnace, and the generated activated carbon is placed in the flue gas purification device to purify flue gas.
Further, the combustible substance generated by the carbonization furnace comprises tar and/or combustible gas.
Further, the smoke discharged by the carbonization furnace and the smoke discharged by the activation furnace both comprise combustible gas.
According to the device for preparing the waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon, exhaust steam discharged by a steam turbine generator unit is used as an activating agent of an activation furnace, flue gas heated air discharged by the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace is used for drying raw materials of a drying furnace through a heat exchanger, and the produced activated carbon is directly used for a flue gas purification system to remove dioxin and heavy metals, so that efficient co-production of an incineration power generation unit and an activated carbon preparation unit is realized, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the production cost of a waste incineration power plant is reduced.
Drawings
The following drawings of the utility model are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the utility model and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the utility model.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for preparing activated carbon coupled with power generation by waste incineration according to an embodiment of the present invention
Reference numerals
11. Incinerator 12, exhaust-heat boiler
13. Turbo generator set 14, flue gas purification device
15. Chimney
21. Drying furnace 22 and carbonization furnace
23. Activation furnace 24, stone removal milling equipment
25. Second combustion chamber
31. First heat exchanger 32, second heat exchanger
33. High-temperature fan
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the utility model.
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, a detailed description will be provided in the following description to illustrate the apparatus for waste incineration power generation coupled with activated carbon preparation of the present invention. It is apparent that the practice of the utility model is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art of incineration power generation. The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model, however, the utility model is capable of other embodiments in addition to those detailed.
It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the utility model. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the thicknesses of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity, and the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
Aiming at the problem that the production cost is increased due to the fact that a large amount of activated carbon is purchased in a waste incineration power plant; meanwhile, due to the uneven quality of the activated carbon, the use of poor quality activated carbon can also seriously affect the flue gas emission index of a power plant, and the utility model provides a device for preparing waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon, which comprises the following components as shown in figure 1:
the incineration power generation unit comprises an incinerator 11, a waste heat boiler 12 and a steam turbine generator unit 13 which are arranged in sequence;
the activated carbon preparation unit comprises a drying furnace 21, a carbonization furnace 22 and an activation furnace 23 which are arranged in sequence;
a heat exchange unit including a heat exchanger 31;
the steam turbine generator unit 13 is connected with the activation furnace 23, and exhaust steam discharged by the steam turbine generator unit 13 enters the activation furnace 23 to be used as an activating agent in the activation process;
the smoke discharged from the carbonization furnace 22 and the activation furnace 23 passes through the heat exchanger 31 to heat air, and the heated air enters the drying furnace 21 to dry the raw material.
Illustratively, the incineration power generation unit includes an incinerator 11, a waste heat boiler 12, and a turbo generator unit 13, which are arranged in this order.
Illustratively, the incinerator 11 is used for high-temperature incineration of domestic waste, producing heat-carrying flue gas; the incinerator 11 is communicated with the waste heat boiler 12, the flue gas generated by combustion enters the waste heat boiler 12, and the heat carried by the flue gas is recovered by the waste heat boiler 12 so as to heat the feed water to generate superheated steam; the turbo unit 13 is configured to rotate under the superheated steam, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity. That is, in the turbo unit 13, the thermal energy of the superheated steam is first converted into mechanical energy, and then the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy, thereby generating electricity.
Exemplarily, the incineration power generation unit further comprises a flue gas purification device 14, the flue gas purification device 14 is connected with the exhaust-heat boiler 12 and used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the exhaust-heat boiler 12, and the purified flue gas reaching the standard is discharged to the atmosphere through a chimney 15.
Illustratively, the activated carbon preparation unit includes a drying oven 21, a carbonization oven 22, and an activation oven 23, which are sequentially disposed.
In one embodiment, the activated carbon can be prepared from coal, wood, fruit shells and the like, but due to the limitations of the activated carbon, such as self, environment, price, resources and the like, the waste incineration power plant uses biomass as a raw material to prepare high-quality activated carbon.
Through with living beings carbomorphism, activation prepare high-quality active carbon, not only can supply the required active carbon of msw incineration power plant gas cleaning, realize the self-loopa supply of resource, reduce the cost of generation of msw incineration power plant, can also sell unnecessary active carbon, increase the output value.
Illustratively, the oven 21 is used to dry the feedstock. The heat source of the drying furnace 21 is hot air obtained by heat exchange between the flue gas discharged from the carbonization furnace 22 and the activation furnace 23 and cold air through a first heat exchanger 31 and a second heat exchanger 32, and the hot air enters the drying furnace to dry the raw material so as to reduce the moisture of the biomass from 30% -40% to below 20%.
In one embodiment, the temperature range of the hot air includes 150 ℃ to 270 ℃.
The cold air is heated by the smoke exhausted from the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace, so that the energy in the activated carbon preparation unit is effectively utilized, the production cost is reduced, the economic benefit is improved, and the raw material is dried more cleanly by hot air, and the pollution is reduced.
Further, the hot air discharged from the drying oven 21 enters the incinerator 11 as primary air or secondary air. In one embodiment, the flue gas temperature after heat exchange is no less than 350 ℃.
The hot air discharged from the drying furnace 21 is sent to the incinerator 11 to be used as primary air or secondary air for supporting combustion, so that heat recovery and utilization can be realized, and energy conservation and emission reduction of a waste incineration power plant can be realized.
Illustratively, the carbonization furnace 22 is used for carbonizing the raw material, i.e., the raw material containing carbon is dry distilled at 500-600 ℃ in the absence of air to obtain a carbonized product, and a semi-finished product of activated carbon, i.e., a carbonized material, is prepared. In one embodiment, the carbonization furnace 22 comprises an externally heated carbonization furnace.
Further, the activated carbon preparation unit further comprises: the second combustion chamber 25, the carbonization furnace 22 is connected with the second combustion chamber 25, the combustible gas generated by the carbonization furnace 22 enters the second combustion chamber 25 to be incompletely combusted, and the flue gas contains combustible components CO and CH4,H2Olefins, gaseous tar, etc. Flue gas generated by the secondary combustion chamber 25 enters the carbonization furnace 22 to provide heat, and combustible components in the residual flue gas are introduced into the hearth for combustion.
In one embodiment, the feedstock is carbonized in carbonization furnace 22 to produce combustible gases, including, but not limited to, CO, H2、CH4And part of the gaseous tar, the combustible gas enters the secondary combustion chamber 25 for combustion, and the generated high-temperature flue gas (900 ℃ -1100 ℃) returns to the carbonization furnace 22 for supplying heat required by the carbonization furnace 22. The flue gas discharged from the carbonization furnace 22 includes medium-temperature (400 ℃ to 700 ℃) combustible gas (carbonized gas), which isAfter exchanging heat with the cold air through the first heat exchanger 31, the air enters the incinerator 11 for combustion.
Illustratively, the activation furnace 23 is used for activating the semi-finished product of the activated carbon at 850 ℃ to 950 ℃, that is, steam reacts with the carbonized material at high temperature to oxidize and etch the disordered carbon part in the carbonized material into pores, so as to form a developed micropore structure in the carbonized material, thereby producing the activated carbon product with huge specific surface area and developed pores. In one embodiment, the activation oven 23 comprises an internal heat type activation oven.
Illustratively, the activation furnace 23 utilizes the volatile components contained in the carbonized material to burn, and is matched with a certain proportion of air to support combustion, so as to provide the heat required by self activation. Further, the steam turbine generator unit 13 is connected with the activation furnace 23, and the exhaust steam discharged by the steam turbine generator unit 13 enters the activation furnace 23 to be used as an activating agent in the activation process.
In one embodiment, the flue gas discharged from the activation furnace 23 comprises high temperature (>750 ℃) combustible gas (activated gas), which enters the incinerator 11 for combustion after being subjected to heat exchange with cold air by the second heat exchanger 32.
Further, a high temperature fan 33 is disposed between the first heat exchanger 31 and the second heat exchanger 32 and the incinerator 11, so as to send the cooled flue gas (>350 ℃) to the incinerator 11.
Illustratively, the incineration power generation unit further comprises a flue gas purification device 14, wherein the flue gas purification device 14 is connected with the waste heat boiler 12 and is used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler 12.
Illustratively, the activated carbon preparation unit further comprises a stone removal and grinding device 24 for crushing and grinding the activated carbon prepared by the activation furnace to generate activated carbon, and a part of the activated carbon is sprayed into the flue gas purification device 14, so that dioxin and heavy metals can be removed, and the transportation and labor cost is reduced. And a part of activated carbon is packed and sold, so that the income is improved for the waste incineration power plant.
Further, the generated high-quality activated carbon is used for the flue gas purification device 14 to purify the flue gas.
Through being used for purifying the flue gas with the active carbon that generates, realize the self-loopa of the inside resource of waste incineration power plant and supply with, reduced the cost of generating of power plant, the production process is negative pressure operation in the factory building of power plant, has solved the environmental pollution that the active carbon preparation in-process caused, can also sell unnecessary active carbon, increases the output value.
According to the device for preparing the waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon, exhaust steam discharged by a steam turbine generator unit is used as an activating agent of an activation furnace, flue gas heating air discharged by the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace is used for drying raw materials of a drying furnace through a heat exchanger, the flue gas after heat exchange is sent into an incinerator for combustion, the dried air is used for supporting combustion as primary air or secondary air of the incinerator, and the activated carbon is sent into a flue of a flue gas purification system to remove dioxin and heavy metals, so that high-efficiency co-production of an incineration power generation unit and an activated carbon preparation unit is realized, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the production cost of a waste incineration power plant is reduced.
The present invention has been illustrated by the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the utility model to the scope of the described embodiments. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, which variations and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A device for preparing waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon is characterized by comprising:
the incineration power generation unit comprises an incinerator, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine generator unit which are arranged in sequence;
the activated carbon preparation unit comprises a drying furnace, a carbonization furnace and an activation furnace which are arranged in sequence;
a heat exchange unit comprising a heat exchanger;
the steam turbine generator unit is connected with the activation furnace, and exhaust steam discharged by the steam turbine generator unit enters the activation furnace to be used as an activating agent in the activation process;
and smoke discharged by the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace passes through the heat exchanger to heat air, and the heated air enters the drying furnace to dry the raw materials.
2. The device for preparing the waste incineration power generation coupling activated carbon according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas discharged from the carbonization furnace and the activation furnace enters the incinerator after being subjected to heat exchange through the heat exchanger.
3. The apparatus for preparing activated carbon coupled with power generation by waste incineration as claimed in claim 2, further comprising:
and the high-temperature fan is arranged between the heat exchanger and the incinerator.
4. The apparatus for preparing activated carbon coupled with power generation by burning garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot air discharged from the drying furnace is introduced into the incinerator as primary air or secondary air.
5. The apparatus for waste incineration power generation coupled activated carbon preparation of claim 1, wherein the activated carbon preparation unit further comprises:
and the second combustion chamber is connected with the carbonization furnace, combustible substances generated by the carbonization furnace enter the second combustion chamber to be combusted, and flue gas generated by the second combustion chamber enters the carbonization furnace to provide heat.
6. The apparatus for preparing activated carbon coupled with power generation by incineration of garbage according to claim 1, wherein the incineration power generation unit further comprises:
and the flue gas purification device is connected with the waste heat boiler and is used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the waste heat boiler.
7. The apparatus for waste incineration power generation coupled activated carbon preparation of claim 6, wherein the activated carbon preparation unit further comprises:
and the stone-removing and powder-grinding device is used for crushing and grinding the activated carbon prepared by the activation furnace, and the generated activated carbon is placed in the flue gas purification device to purify flue gas.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the combustible material generated by the carbonization furnace comprises tar and/or combustible gas.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the flue gas from the carbonization furnace and the flue gas from the activation furnace both comprise combustible gas.
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