CN116806815A - Environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide for plants - Google Patents
Environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide for plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN116806815A CN116806815A CN202310687607.0A CN202310687607A CN116806815A CN 116806815 A CN116806815 A CN 116806815A CN 202310687607 A CN202310687607 A CN 202310687607A CN 116806815 A CN116806815 A CN 116806815A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rodenticide
- parts
- quercetin
- plant environment
- friendly nontoxic
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- 239000003128 rodenticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetin Chemical compound C=1C(O)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2O)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- ZVOLCUVKHLEPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetagetin Natural products C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 ZVOLCUVKHLEPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- HWTZYBCRDDUBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rhynchosin Natural products C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1=C(O)C(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C=C2O1 HWTZYBCRDDUBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- MWDZOUNAPSSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaempferol Natural products OC1=C(C(=O)c2cc(O)cc(O)c2O1)c3ccc(O)cc3 MWDZOUNAPSSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229960001285 quercetin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 235000005875 quercetin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- DFBIRQPKNDILPW-CIVMWXNOSA-N Triptolide Chemical compound O=C1OCC([C@@H]2C3)=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@]12O[C@H]1[C@@H]1O[C@]1(C(C)C)[C@@H](O)[C@]21[C@H]3O1 DFBIRQPKNDILPW-CIVMWXNOSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- YKUJZZHGTWVWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triptolide Natural products COC12CC3OC3(C(C)C)C(O)C14OC4CC5C6=C(CCC25C)C(=O)OC6 YKUJZZHGTWVWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N aspartame Chemical group OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013734 beta-carotene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011648 beta-carotene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001409 beta-carotene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960002747 betacarotene Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000000703 high-speed centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 abstract description 40
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 9
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- -1 ketone compound Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940039748 oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 102000012673 Follicle Stimulating Hormone Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010079345 Follicle Stimulating Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 230000003509 anti-fertility effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282421 Canidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208365 Celastraceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 206010029350 Neurotoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 208000007271 Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/002—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits
- A01N25/004—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits rodenticidal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P11/00—Rodenticides
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide, belonging to the technical field of biological medicines. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade. The preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps: cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; the filtrates obtained after suction filtration were collected and concentrated under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator. The prepared rodenticide effectively solves the key problems that the prior rodenticide pollutes the natural environment, mice generate feeding refuses and have influence on natural enemies of the mice, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to a plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide.
Background
The rodenticide is an important means for effectively controlling the rodenticide, which is a serious problem in farmlands, grasslands, orchards, factories, storages and the like. The damage of the mouse to farmlands, grasslands and cultivation places, and the damage of grain reserve bases, kitchens and houses where human beings live; destroying industrial equipment and water conservancy facilities; infectious diseases, and life safety of people. Thus, controlling the population of mice is a long-term task that is required to face around the world. At present, various types of medicines are temporary and can play roles in a short time in time, but the later-stage deratization effect is not obvious, the cost is high, medicine residues exist, livestock poisoning is caused, and the medicine belongs to seasonal deratization. Mice fed with the rodenticide, such as predatory birds, ferrets, foxes and the like, are poisoned for a long time and die, so that the predator population at the top of the food chain is reduced, the population density of the mice quickly returns to outbreaks, and the chemical rodenticide pollutes the soil environment. The high dose of quercetin can obviously improve the immunity of the Oriental mice, but the antifertility effect is reversible, and the reproduction recovery sequence is testis, epididymis and sperm density in sequence. Therefore, there is a need to develop efficient and safe rodenticides with a long lasting decrease in their viability and reproduction. The plant secondary metabolite is utilized to fundamentally reduce the fertility and immunity, so that the method is effective and safe and does not pollute the environment.
Quercetin is a main secondary metabolite quercetin in main natural foods of Oriental mice, is a ketone compound contained in plants, and can change the ovary tissue morphology of Oriental mice, inhibit follicular development and ovulation, or convert endometrium, and is unfavorable for embryo implantation, so that infertility is caused, premature ovarian failure of experimental individuals is caused by administration, and gonad-induced restriction feedback is lost, so that pituitary gland is continuously synthesized into follicle stimulating hormone. The high dose of quercetin can obviously improve the immunity of the Oriental mice, but the antifertility effect is reversible, and the reproduction recovery sequence is testis, epididymis and sperm density in sequence. While plant quercetin with excessive concentration can promote anti-inflammatory factor and inhibit pro-inflammatory factor, thereby inhibiting secretion of immunoglobulin, and reducing proliferation capacity of immune cells, phagocytic function of macrophage and CD 4+ /CD 8+ Further reducing the immune organ index of the Oriental mice and inhibiting the immune function of the Oriental mice.
Tripterygium wilfordii (Tripterygium wilfordii hook. F.) the genus Tripterygium of the family Celastraceae, the whole plant of which is toxic. Common use of tripterygium wilfordii to kill rats in folk; according to the content of the tripterygium wilfordii extract in rodenticides, the tripterygium wilfordii extract can be used as an acute rodenticide, and can also be developed and utilized as a plant-source rodenticide by utilizing the anticoagulation effect and the strong antifertility effect of a quite sterile agent. The dosage of triptolide can be increased or decreased according to different application requirements, and excellent materials for producing rodenticides can be produced.
Oxalate is composed of oxalate ions and metal ions, and the oxalate ions are widely existed in various plants and cannot cause harm to animals and human beings. However, when the animal ingests excess oxalate ions, the excess oxalate ions combine with calcium ions in the animal's blood, resulting in a reduction of free blood calcium ions; when the concentration of calcium ions in the body of an animal is less than 1.75 mmoles/liter (normal value is 2.1-2.6 mmoles/liter), the body develops hypercalcemia such as muscle cramps, sweating, severe pain, coma, and even death.
Corn flour is used as a main mouse-attracting component, the metabolic energy of corn is 14.06MJ/kg, and is the highest in cereal feed, and the corn flour is used as the main mouse-attracting component, so that the corn feed is good in palatability and easy to digest due to the fact that coarse fibers in corn are few and only 2%.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the application aims to provide the environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide, the corn flour and the mouse pellet feed are used as the rodenticide feed in a synergistic way, so that the palatability of the rodenticide is improved, the trapping and killing power is strong, the application range is wide, the rodents are long-range and close-range with the trapping effect, so that the rodents can eat a sufficient lethal dose in a short time to exert the maximum effect of the rodenticide, the situation that warning signals are sent to peers before the mice die is avoided, the rodenticide effect and the use safety are improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, the trapping effect of the rodents is obviously enhanced by adding the tea seed oil and the sugar taste agent, and the good mixing synergistic effect and the lasting effect are displayed, so that the key problems that the existing rodenticide pollutes the natural environment, the mice are refused, the feeding habits are generated, the natural enemies are influenced and the like are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
an environment-friendly nontoxic raticide for plants,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
2-7 parts of quercetin, wherein the components are prepared from the following raw materials,
3-7 parts of sodium oxalate,
0.3 to 1 part of triptolide,
0.05 to 0.08 portion of sweetener,
0.1 to 0.3 part of tea seed oil,
0.1 to 0.3 part of natural pigment,
5-8 parts of water,
75-85 parts of cereal powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
3-6 parts of quercetin, wherein the components are prepared from the following raw materials,
3-7 parts of sodium oxalate,
0.4 to 1 part of triptolide,
0.05 to 0.08 portion of sweetener,
0.1 to 0.3 part of tea seed oil,
0.1 to 0.3 part of natural pigment,
5-8 parts of water,
78-85 parts of cereal powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
5 parts of quercetin, namely, 5 parts of a compound,
6 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the mixture,
0.7 part of triptolide,
0.06 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.2 part of tea seed oil,
0.2 part of natural pigment and the like,
7 parts of water, namely, water,
82 parts of cereal flour.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 20-40 mesh sieve, placing pretreated and crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 3-5 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of the suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 5-6 times of 40% sodium bicarbonate buffer solution, filtering the diluent with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 2-6 times of 65% acetone solution, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Environmental protection, the quercetin is a nontoxic and harmless natural product which is widely existed in plants in the nature, so that the quercetin does not damage the environment, and does not pollute the water body and soil; the biological rodenticide with rodenticide effect has multiple rodenticide effects of poisoning, anticoagulation, fertility resistance and neurotoxicity, has excellent rodenticide effect, does not pollute the environment, is not easy to cause drug resistance, does not generate secondary poisoning phenomenon and is easy to degrade naturally.
(2) The quercetin and triptolide are nontoxic, so that the fertility and immunity of mice are fundamentally reduced by using plant secondary metabolites, the effects of resisting cancer and improving the immunity of organisms are effectively and safely achieved, and other animals cannot be poisoned when the intake of the quercetin and triptolide is low; the rodenticide is prepared from plant raw materials, is not easy to cause drug resistance, does not produce secondary poisoning to natural enemies of the rodents, and does not pollute the environment.
(3) Our experiments show that the plant rodenticide intake of Oriental mice at 1d-9d is not significantly reduced. The rodenticide disclosed by the application has the advantages of good palatability, low price, readily available raw materials, environment friendliness, safety, economy and high efficiency, is a cause of benefiting the country and the people, and has good economic value and development prospect.
(4) The tea seed oil has strong fragrance, can effectively cover the odor emitted by the rodenticide, and improves the palatability and stability of the rodenticide, thereby improving the rodenticide effect and the use safety of the rodenticide.
(5) The corn flour and the mouse pellet feed are used as the mouse-attracting feed in a synergistic way, so that the palatability of the rodenticide is improved, the trapping and killing power is strong, the application range is wide, the rodents are attracted in a long distance and a short distance, the harmful mice can eat enough lethal dose in a short time, the maximum efficacy of the rodenticide is brought into play, the situation that warning signals are sent to peers before the mice die is avoided, the rodenticide effect and the use safety are improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, the attracting effect of the tea seed oil and the sugar taste agent is obviously enhanced, and the good mixing synergistic effect and the lasting effect are shown.
Detailed Description
The following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in detail, and the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application, fall within the scope of protection of the application. The application is further described below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
The plant is environment-friendly and nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
2 parts of quercetin, namely a total of 2 parts of quercetin,
7 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the mixture of the sodium oxalate and the sodium oxalate,
0.3 part of triptolide,
0.08 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.1 part of tea seed oil,
0.3 part of natural pigment and the like,
5 parts of water, and the water content is equal to 5 parts,
85 parts of cereal powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, placing pretreated crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 5 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of the suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 5 times of 40% sodium bicarbonate buffer solution, filtering the diluent with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 6 times of 65% acetone solution, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade.
Example 2
The plant is environment-friendly and nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
7 parts of quercetin, namely, 7 parts of quercetin,
3 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the total weight of the sodium oxalate,
1 part of triptolide, and the total weight of the triptolide,
0.05 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.3 part of tea seed oil,
0.1 part of natural pigment and the like,
8 parts of water, and the water is mixed with the water,
75 parts of cereal flour.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, placing pretreated crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 3 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 6 times of sodium bicarbonate buffer solution with 40% of mass percentage, filtering the diluted solution with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 2 times of acetone solution with 65% of mass concentration, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade.
Example 3
The plant is environment-friendly and nontoxic rodenticide,
3 parts of quercetin, namely a mixture of 3 parts of quercetin,
7 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the mixture of the sodium oxalate and the sodium oxalate,
0.4 part of triptolide,
0.08 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.1 part of tea seed oil,
0.3 part of natural pigment and the like,
5 parts of water, and the water content is equal to 5 parts,
85 parts of cereal powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, placing pretreated crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 3 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of the suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 5 times of 40% sodium bicarbonate buffer solution, filtering the diluent with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 2 times of 65% acetone solution, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade.
Example 4
The plant is environment-friendly and nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
6 parts of quercetin, namely a total of 6 parts of quercetin,
3 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the total weight of the sodium oxalate,
1 part of triptolide, and the total weight of the triptolide,
0.05 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.3 part of tea seed oil,
0.1 part of natural pigment and the like,
8 parts of water, and the water is mixed with the water,
78 parts of cereal flour.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, placing pretreated crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 5 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 6 times of sodium bicarbonate buffer solution with 40% of mass percentage, filtering the diluted solution with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 6 times of acetone solution with 65% of mass concentration, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade.
Example 5
The plant is environment-friendly and nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
5 parts of quercetin, namely, 5 parts of a compound,
6 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the mixture,
0.7 part of triptolide,
0.06 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.2 part of tea seed oil,
0.2 part of natural pigment and the like,
7 parts of water, namely, water,
82 parts of cereal flour.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, placing pretreated crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 4 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 6 times of sodium bicarbonate buffer solution with 40% of mass percentage, filtering the diluted solution with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 4 times of acetone solution with 65% of mass concentration, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade.
Comparative example 1
The plant is environment-friendly and nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
6 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the mixture,
0.7 part of triptolide,
0.06 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.2 part of tea seed oil,
0.2 part of natural pigment and the like,
7 parts of water, namely, water,
82 parts of cereal flour.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air drying in shade.
Comparative example 2
The plant is environment-friendly and nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
5 parts of quercetin, namely, 5 parts of a compound,
6 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the mixture,
0.06 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.2 part of tea seed oil,
0.2 part of natural pigment and the like,
7 parts of water, namely, water,
82 parts of cereal flour.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, placing pretreated crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 4 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 6 times of sodium bicarbonate buffer solution with 40% of mass percentage, filtering the diluted solution with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 4 times of acetone solution with 65% of mass concentration, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade.
Comparative example 3
The plant is environment-friendly and nontoxic rodenticide,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
5 parts of quercetin, namely, 5 parts of a compound,
6 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the mixture,
0.7 part of triptolide,
0.06 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.2 part of natural pigment and the like,
7 parts of water, namely, water,
82 parts of cereal flour.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, placing pretreated crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 4 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 6 times of sodium bicarbonate buffer solution with 40% of mass percentage, filtering the diluted solution with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 4 times of acetone solution with 65% of mass concentration, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air drying in shade.
Application scheme
The rodenticides prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested:
(1) Safety evaluation
Acute toxicity test
The rodenticides prepared in examples 1-5 (hereinafter referred to as experimental group) and comparative examples 1-3 (hereinafter referred to as comparative group) were administered continuously 3 times within 24 hours with a time interval of 4 hours, and the total cumulative drug amount reached 240g crude drug/kg, which is 80 times the clinical dosage of human.
Experimental group: within 7d after administration, mice were normal in activity, feeding and excretion, grew well, and had bright hair color, and their average body weights increased with the extension of the experimental time. Dissecting each mouse, meat after the 8d sacrificeThe eyes observed heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, thymus, stomach, intestine, etc. did not find color and morphology abnormality, and half-death (LD) could not be detected 50 ). The results show that: the rodenticide prepared by the application has no acute toxic reaction.
Comparison group: within 7d of the administration period, the mice are abnormal in movement, feeding and excretion, general in growth and dark in hair color, and the average weight of the mice is not increased along with the experiment time. Dissecting each mouse after 8d sacrifice, observing color and morphology abnormality of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, thymus, stomach, intestine, etc., and measuring half-Lethal Dose (LD) 50 ). The results show that: the rodenticides prepared in comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 all had acute toxic reaction, LD 50 The values are 267.10 + -19.33 g/kg, 47.12+ -9.18 g/kg, 134.64 + -11.56 g/kg, respectively.
2. Long-term toxicity test
The rodenticide prepared by the experimental group and the comparison group is used as a test, and a gastric administration mode (the object is Chinese mice) is adopted, wherein the experimental group comprises three groups of low dose, medium dose and high dose, and the dosage of the medicament in each group is 30, 60 and 120g crude drug/kg/d, which is 10, 20 and 40 times of the clinical dosage.
Experimental group: after 12 weeks of gastric lavage, the composition has no obvious influence on the general condition, hematology index and blood biochemical index of animals, and no abnormal pathological changes are found in system anatomy, organ coefficients and histopathological examination. No significant change was seen for 2 weeks of withdrawal. The results show that: the rodenticide prepared by the experimental group has no obvious toxic reaction or delayed toxic reaction in the long-term toxicity test. Therefore, the rodenticide prepared by the application has no toxic reaction, and is safe and reliable for long-term administration.
Comparison group: after 12 weeks of gastric lavage, the composition has obvious effects on the general condition, hematology index and blood biochemical index of animals, and abnormal pathological changes are found in system anatomy, organ coefficients and histopathological examination. Obvious changes also occurred after 2 weeks of drug withdrawal. The results show that: the rodenticides prepared in comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 have found significant toxic reaction and delayed toxic reaction in long-term toxicity test. It can be seen that the rodenticides prepared in comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 all have toxic reactions and have low safety for long-term administration.
(2) Practical application test
Referring to the pesticide effect test method and evaluation of the rodenticide for pesticide registration of the agricultural industry standard NY/T1152-2006 of the people's republic of China, the killing effect of the Kunming mice is measured according to the following method:
high dose of the plant rodenticide (based on rodenticide prepared in example 5 of the present application) kill field rats:
the total number of effective mice is 100, including 50 female mice and 50 male mice, and the total number of the mice is 79, wherein 39 female mice die and 40 male mice die. Each group was all killed except for the surviving mice in groups 1d and 3d.
The average lethal days of the Oriental mice in different toxin feeding periods are similar, the average lethal days of the female mice in each group are in the range of 4.71-7.83d, and the average lethal days of the male mice are in the range of 5.00-5.83d. Oriental mice die normally in a normal distribution, with peak death time concentrated at 4-7d. Thus, the Oriental field mice have no resistance to plant rodenticides at all, and the female and male mice have no difference.
The test result shows that the eastern field rats in the Dongting lake area are very sensitive to the plant rodenticide. The method for determining the using concentration and the feeding time of the bait is important for the practice of the rodenticide in preventing and controlling the rodenticide from the damage of the rats when the rats die in the eastern field with the 5d feeding period. The concentration of the plant rodenticide used in this test was 0.025%. Under the condition of only feeding the plant rodenticide for 5 days, the rate of killing the eastern field rats can reach 100 percent, so that 0.025 percent of the plant rodenticide is selected as the eastern field rats in the Dongting lake area with proper bait concentration. Since 0.025% of the plant rodenticide fed continuously for 5d is effective in killing Oriental field rats, it is preferable that the number of days of continuous administration of 0.025% of the plant rodenticide is controlled to be 5 d.
Effect of Low dose rodenticide (based on rodenticide prepared in example 5 of the present application) on recovery of propagation of field mice
160 adult healthy female Oriental field rats (60.5.+ -. 6.2 g) were randomly selected for laboratory feeding, single cage feeding, and randomly divided into 4 groups of 40: control (C), 10 mg/kg, 25mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. After 7d adaptation, the mice were stopped feeding for 12 hours before being filled with the gastric juice (10 ml/kg body weight) by a 5ml syringe, and the control group was filled with the corresponding vegetable oil according to the weight of the mice. After gastric lavage, the experimental individuals are normally fed.
After gastric lavage, the 7 th d th experimental subject was selected from the 4 groups of experimental subjects, 10 experimental subjects were randomly selected, and the experimental subjects were bred in 1:1 pairs with 10 healthy adult male Oriental field mice fed in a laboratory, and the pregnancy and birth conditions were observed for 120 d observation period. After gastric lavage, 10 th d and 20 th d, 10 experimental individuals were dissected each time, and the reproductive organs were isolated and sampled by carbon dioxide sacrifice prior to dissection for relevant index determination.
There was no significant difference in serum follicle stimulating hormone levels of the 10 d th females after dosing compared to the control group (F3, 16=1.135, p=0.365). The follicle stimulating hormone content of the experimental subjects was significantly higher in the 20 d,50 mg/kg dose group than in the data measured at 10 d for each group (F4, 20=9.976, p=0.001). It is shown that 50mg/kg of the dose can significantly increase the follicle stimulating hormone content of the experimental subject.
The uterine coefficients of each treatment group were reduced to a different extent at 20 d than at 10 d, with the 10 mg/kg group differing significantly (F2, 32=2.641, p=0.046). All 3 treatments allowed the experimental individual uterus factor to increase over time, but with time, the uterus factor slowly recovered, and the greater the dosing concentration, the longer the recovery time.
At 20 th d after administration, the ovarian coefficient of the experimental individual is obviously improved in a certain period of time by 50mg/kg administration, and then the normal state is gradually recovered, while the ovarian coefficient of the experimental individual is basically not influenced by 10 mg/kg and 25mg/kg administration.
When a reproduction recovery of 30% was reached, the number of parity among the treatment groups was lower than that of the control group (p=0.243), and the initial reproduction time of 25mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p=0.017). 50 The initial propagation time of the mg/kg group was significantly prolonged compared with the control group (p=0.002) and the 10 mg/kg group (p=0.009). When 50% reproductive recovery was reached, the parity of 50mg/kg group was lower than that of the control group.
The plant rodenticide-treated groups had varying degrees of effect on the initial propagation time of the experimental individuals, with decreased litter size and greater effect at higher drug concentrations. The 50mg/kg dose group had the best antifertility effect, and none of the experimental individuals had propagated parity within 72 d of the female and male mice paired.
In the experimental period of 120 d, even if the experimental individuals in each treatment group recover to reproduce, the reproduction rate is lower than that of the control group, and in the experimental period of 120 d, the recovery reproduction rate of each treatment group is only 70%.10 The administration of the plant rodenticides at the doses of mg/kg, 25mg/kg and 50mg/kg resulted in a delay of 11d, 22 and 48 d, respectively, in the propagation period of the Oriental mice compared to the control.
The application and its embodiments have been described above by way of illustration and not limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to this. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the structural mode and the embodiments similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide is characterized in that,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
2-7 parts of quercetin, wherein the components are prepared from the following raw materials,
3-7 parts of sodium oxalate,
0.3 to 1 part of triptolide,
0.05 to 0.08 portion of sweetener,
0.1 to 0.3 part of tea seed oil,
0.1 to 0.3 part of natural pigment,
5-8 parts of water,
75-85 parts of cereal powder.
2. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 1, wherein,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
3-6 parts of quercetin, wherein the components are prepared from the following raw materials,
3-7 parts of sodium oxalate,
0.4 to 1 part of triptolide,
0.05 to 0.08 portion of sweetener,
0.1 to 0.3 part of tea seed oil,
0.1 to 0.3 part of natural pigment,
5-8 parts of water,
78-85 parts of cereal powder.
3. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 2, wherein,
the adhesive comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
5 parts of quercetin, namely, 5 parts of a compound,
6 parts of sodium oxalate, namely, the mixture,
0.7 part of triptolide,
0.06 part of sweetener, and the like,
0.2 part of tea seed oil,
0.2 part of natural pigment and the like,
7 parts of water, namely, water,
82 parts of cereal flour.
4. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 1, wherein,
the preparation method of the quercetin comprises the following steps:
preparing quercetin, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 20-40 mesh sieve, placing pretreated and crushed quercetin in a beaker, adding 3-5 times of ethanol, leaching at room temperature, performing suction filtration, wherein the particle size of the suction filtration is 2000 meshes, collecting filtrate, diluting with 5-6 times of 40% sodium bicarbonate buffer solution, filtering the diluent with 6000-mesh macroporous absorbent resin, mixing with 2-6 times of 65% acetone solution, standing, taking an oil phase, and concentrating in vacuum to obtain powder.
5. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 1, wherein,
the preparation method of triptolide comprises the following steps:
cleaning Tripterygium wilfordii seed, draining, oven drying at low temperature, pulverizing the dried seed with pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; according to the powder: solvent = 1:10, respectively adding the tripterygium seed powder and the ethyl acetate solvent according to the mass ratio, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, standing for 7d, carrying out vacuum suction filtration, continuously leaching filter residues with the same solvent, and repeating for three times; and (3) merging and collecting filtrate obtained after suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator.
6. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 1, wherein,
the sweetener is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester.
7. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 1, wherein,
the preparation method of the rapeseed oil comprises the following steps:
screening, cleaning and peeling tea seeds, and drying at 85 ℃ for later use; the tea seeds are sent into a crusher for crushing, and crushed seed kernels are obtained; the crushed seeds are sent into a hydraulic squeezer for squeezing, wherein the technological parameters of the squeezing are as follows: the feeding temperature is 55 ℃, the press chamber temperature is 60 ℃, the press pressure is 12MPa, the press time is 20min, and the press times are 3 times, so as to obtain crude oil; and (3) feeding the mixture into a low-temperature centrifugal machine for high-speed centrifugation, wherein the rotating speed is 20000rpm, and taking the upper-layer grease.
8. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 1, wherein,
the natural pigment is beta-carotene.
9. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 1, wherein,
the cereal flour is a mixture of corn, wheat, rice and millet.
10. The plant environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide according to claim 1, wherein,
the preparation method of the rodenticide comprises the following steps:
mixing quercetin, sodium oxalate, triptolide, sweetener, tea seed oil, natural pigment, water and cereal powder, granulating to obtain granular rodenticide, and air-drying in shade.
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| CN202310687607.0A CN116806815A (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-12 | Environment-friendly nontoxic rodenticide for plants |
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