CN116806226A - 用于治疗癌症患者的pd-1拮抗剂和vegfr-2的拮抗剂的联合疗法 - Google Patents
用于治疗癌症患者的pd-1拮抗剂和vegfr-2的拮抗剂的联合疗法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116806226A CN116806226A CN202180074342.6A CN202180074342A CN116806226A CN 116806226 A CN116806226 A CN 116806226A CN 202180074342 A CN202180074342 A CN 202180074342A CN 116806226 A CN116806226 A CN 116806226A
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Abstract
本公开描述了包含程序性细胞死亡1受体(PD‑1)的拮抗剂和血管内皮生长因子受体‑2(VEGFR‑2)拮抗剂的联合疗法,以及该联合疗法用于治疗癌症的用途。在一个实施方案中,癌症是胶质母细胞瘤、乳腺癌、三阴性乳腺癌、转移性乳腺癌或转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2020年12月7日提交的美国临时申请号63/122,321和2020年9月2日提交的美国临时申请号63/073,512的权益,其出于所有目的特此整体并入。
序列表
本申请包含序列表,其已经以ASCII格式电子提交并特此通过引用整体并入。2021年8月13日创建的所述ASCII拷贝名为222870_0001-WO-000003_SL.txt,且大小为28,180字节。
技术领域
本发明涉及可用于治疗癌症的联合疗法。特别地,本发明涉及包含程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(PD-1)的拮抗剂和血管内皮生长因子受体2(VEGFR-2)的拮抗剂的联合疗法。
发明背景
PD-1被认为是免疫调节和外周耐受的维持中的一种重要分子。PD-1在幼稚T、B和NKT细胞上适度表达,并通过T/B细胞受体信号传导在淋巴细胞、单核细胞和骨髓细胞上上调(1)。
PD-1的两种已知配体PD-L1(B7-H1)和PD-L2(B7-DC)在各种组织中出现的人癌症中表达。在例如卵巢癌、肾癌、结肠直肠癌、胰腺癌和肝癌以及黑素瘤的大的样本集中,显示无论后续治疗如何,PD-L1表达都与不良预后和降低的总生存期相关(2-13)。类似地,发现肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞上的PD-1表达标志着乳腺癌与黑素瘤中的功能异常T细胞(14-15),并与肾癌中的不良预后相关(16)。由此,已经提出表达PD-L1的肿瘤细胞与表达PD-1的T细胞相互作用以减弱T细胞活化和逃避免疫监视,由此导致针对肿瘤的免疫应答受损。
已经批准了几种抑制PD-1与其配体PD-L1和PD-L2中的一种或两种之间的相互作用的单克隆抗体用于治疗癌症。帕博利珠单抗(pembrolizumab)是具有与程序性细胞死亡1(PD 1)受体结合的高特异性,由此抑制其与程序性细胞死亡配体1(PD-L1)和程序性细胞死亡配体2(PD-L2)的相互作用的一种有效的人源化免疫球蛋白G4(IgG4)mAb。基于临床前体外数据,帕博利珠单抗对PD-1具有高亲和力和有效的受体阻断活性。(帕博利珠单抗;Merck Sharp&Dohme,Corp.,Rahway,NJ)适用于并被批准用于在许多适应症中治疗患者。
肿瘤血管发生对癌细胞生长和存活以及所需氧和营养物的供应至关重要,并且在转移过程中可能是重要的。血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)是胚胎发育中的血管生成和成人中的血管发生的中央调节剂。在包括肺癌、乳腺癌、胃肠道癌、肾癌和卵巢癌在内的许多人肿瘤中,VEGF的表达被多种细胞因子、生长因子(例如成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)或血小板源性生长因子(PDGF))加强或被活化的致癌基因加强。
VEGF通过与称为VEGF受体(VEGFR)的细胞表面受体结合来诱导血管发生。VEGFR是一种代表性的受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK),其增强内皮细胞的增殖、生长和分化。VEGFR以3种同种型VEGFR-1、VEGFR-2和VEGFR-3存在,又分别称为Flt-1、KDR(在小鼠中为Flt-1)和Flt-4。其中,VEGFR-2/KDR是通过VEGF信号传导进行的内皮细胞增殖和血管发生中的关键受体之一,并且已知VEGFR-2/KDR可以通过自分泌途径调节细胞生长。
一旦VEGF与VEGFR-2/KDR结合,其就会经历自身磷酸化并参与关键下游途径,包括PI3K-AKT和RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK信号传导网络,这对于刺激内皮细胞的扩散、迁移和存活至关重要。
奥伐西单抗(olinvacimab)(也称为TTAC-0001)以高亲和力与VEGFR-2结合,因此有效阻断VEGF与VEGFR-2/KDR的结合。阻断VEGF与VEGFR-2/KDR的结合导致VEGFR-2磷酸化和下游信号传导的抑制。因此,奥伐西单抗表现出抗肿瘤以及抗血管发生作用。
乳腺癌是美国妇女中最常见的癌症,是癌症死亡的第二常见原因,并且是45至55岁妇女死亡的主要原因。三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)占乳腺癌的大约15%到20%。TNBC是乳腺癌的亚型,其典型地通过其缺乏雌激素受体、孕酮受体和人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)过表达(由此使其难以靶向)来定义。与其它乳腺癌亚型相比,TNBC肿瘤往往更大,分化更低,并且在诊断的5年内转移的可能性为大约2.5倍。与其它乳腺癌相比,TNBC患者的死亡中位时间因此更短(4.2年对6年);并且,TNBC患者的总生存期(OS)也更差。转移性TNBC(mTNBC)代表着持续的挑战,因为与其它乳腺癌亚型相比时,其与更高频率的进展、更短的无进展生存期(PFS)和更差的OS相关。肺、骨、肝和脑是乳腺癌最常见的转移靶位点。事实上,大约60%的转移性乳腺癌患者在他们的一生中遭受肺或骨转移。目前唯一可用于复发性或转移性三阴性乳腺癌(mTNBC)的策略是用全身化疗再激发。
仍然持续需要癌症疗法,包括用于乳腺癌、三阴性乳腺癌、转移性乳腺癌和转移性三阴性乳腺癌的。
发明概述
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了用于在个体中治疗癌症的方法,其包括向该个体施用包含PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂的联合疗法。在一个实施方案中,癌症是三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)。在一个实施方案中,TNBC是转移性三阴性乳腺癌(mTNBC)。在一个实施方案中,个体患有在肺或脑中具有至少一处转移病灶的mTNBC。在一个实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂共同配制。在另一实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂共同施用。
在一个实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂是阻断PD-1与PD-L1和PD-L2的结合的抗PD-1抗体。在另一实施方案中,VEGFR-2拮抗剂是阻断VEGFR-2与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的结合的抗VEGFR-2抗体。
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图1描绘了临床试验中四名患有转移性三阴性乳腺癌的患者的肿瘤大小作为治疗周期的函数由基线变化的图。使用RECIST 1.1标准评估肿瘤大小变化。患者用与帕博利珠单抗3周的第1天(q21d)200mg周期结合的奥伐西单抗每周(q7d)12mg/kg输注来治疗。PR=部分缓解。PD=进行性疾病。实心星形表示部分反应。
图2描绘了临床试验中六名患有转移性三阴性乳腺癌的患者的肿瘤大小作为治疗周期的函数由基线变化的图。使用RECIST 1.1标准评估肿瘤大小变化。患者用与帕博利珠单抗3周的第1天(q21d)200mg周期结合的奥伐西单抗每周(q7d)16mg/kg输注来治疗。CR=完全反应。实心星形表示部分反应。
图3描绘了临床试验中患有转移性三阴性乳腺癌的患者的中期结果作为治疗周期的函数的图(以“泳道图”的形式)。PR=部分缓解。PD=进行性疾病。SD=病情稳定。实心星形表示部分反应。P=帕博利珠单抗。O=奥伐西单抗。在每个第二(偶数)治疗周期后评估患者。y轴上的数字是患者标识符。
图4描绘了在用与帕博利珠单抗结合的奥伐西单抗16mg/kg治疗之前(左图)和之后(右图)患者2202的肺的CT扫描。左图描绘了转移性肺病灶(圈出)。右图描绘了用与帕博利珠单抗3周的第1天(q21d)200mg周期结合的奥伐西单抗每周(q7d)16mg/kg输注治疗后的肺。在右图中没有观察到转移性肺病灶。根据RECIST 1.1标准测量和评估患者的肺病灶。
发明详述
缩写.在本发明的详述和实施例通篇中将使用以下缩写:
BOR最佳总体反应
BID每日两次,每次一剂
CBR临床受益率
CDR互补决定区
CHO 中国仓鼠卵巢
CR 完全反应
DCR疾病控制率
DFS 无病生存期
DLT 剂量限制性毒性
DOR反应持续时间
DSDR持久性病情稳定率(Durable Stable Disease Rate)
FFPE福尔马林固定石蜡包埋
FR 框架区
IgG 免疫球蛋白G IHC 免疫组织化学或免疫组织化学的irRC免疫相关疗效评价标准(Immune related response criteria)IV静脉内
MTD最大耐受剂量
NCBI美国国家生物技术信息中心
NCI美国国家癌症研究所
ORR客观反应率
OS 总生存期
PD 进行性疾病
PD-1 程序性细胞死亡蛋白1
PD-L1 程序性细胞死亡1配体1
PD-L2 程序性细胞死亡1配体2
PFS 无进展生存期
PR 部分反应
Q2W每两周一剂
Q3W每三周一剂
QD每天一剂
RECIST实体瘤临床疗效评价标准
RTK受体酪氨酸激酶
SD病情稳定
VEGF血管内皮生长因子
VEGFR血管内皮生长因子受体
VH 免疫球蛋白重链可变区
VK 免疫球蛋白κ轻链可变区
定义
为了更容易地理解本发明,下文具体定义了某些技术和科学术语。除非在本文献的其它地方特别定义,本文中使用的所有其它技术和科学术语具有本发明所属领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义。
如本文中所用,包括所附权利要求书,词语的单数形式诸如“一个(a)”、“一个(an)”和“该/所述”包括它们相应的复数指代,除非上下文另行明确指出。
“施用”当应用于动物、人、实验受试者、细胞、组织、器官或生物流体时,是指使外源性药物、治疗剂、诊断剂或组合物与动物、人、受试者、细胞、组织、器官或生物流体接触。细胞的治疗包括试剂与细胞的接触,以及试剂与流体的接触,其中流体与细胞有接触。术语“受试者”包括任何生物体,优选动物,更优选哺乳动物(例如大鼠、小鼠、狗、猫、兔),且最优选灵长类动物和人。
本文中使用的术语“抗体”是指表现出所需生物活性或结合活性的任何形式的抗体。由此,其以最广泛的含义使用,并具体覆盖但不限于单克隆抗体(包括全长单克隆抗体)、多克隆抗体、多特异性抗体(例如双特异性抗体)、人源化抗体、全人源抗体、嵌合抗体和骆驼化单结构域抗体。“亲本抗体”是在修饰抗体用于预期用途(诸如将抗体人源化用于用作人治疗剂)之前通过将免疫系统暴露于抗原而获得的抗体。
通常,基本抗体结构单元包含四聚体。每个四聚体包括两对相同的多肽链,每对具有一条“轻”链(大约25kDa)和一条“重”链(大约50-70kDa)。每条链的氨基末端部分包括主要负责抗原识别的大约100至110或更多个氨基酸的可变区。重链的羧基末端部分可限定主要负责效应子功能的恒定区。通常,人轻链分为κ轻链和λ轻链。此外,人重链通常分为μ、δ、γ、α或ε,并且其将抗体的同种型分别限定为IgM、IgD、IgG、IgA和IgE。在轻链和重链内,可变区和恒定区通过大约12个或更多个氨基酸的“J”区连接,其中重链还包括大约再10个氨基酸的“D”区。大体参见Fundamental Immunology第7章(Paul,W.编辑,第2版,Raven Press,N.Y.(1989)。
每个轻链/重链对的可变区形成抗体结合位点。由此,通常,完整的抗体具有两个结合位点。除了在双功能或双特异性抗体中,两个结合位点通常是相同的。
通常,重链和轻链两者的可变区都包含三个高变区,也称为互补决定区(CDR),其位于相对保守的框架区(FR)内。CDR通常通过框架区进行排列,使得能够结合特定表位。通常,从N末端到C末端,轻链和重链可变区两者均包含FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3和FR4。通常,氨基酸向每个结构域的分配依照Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest,Kabat等人;National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,Md.,第5版;NIHPubl.No.91-3242(1991);Kabat(1978)Adv.Prot.Chem.32:1-75;Kabat等人,(1977)J.Biol.Chem.252:6609-6616;Chothia等人,(1987)J Mol.Biol.196:901-917或Chothia等人,(1989)Nature 342:878-883的定义。本文中使用的“VH”是指重链的可变结构域。“VL”是指轻链的可变结构域。
除非另行指示,本文中使用的“抗体片段”或“抗体的抗原结合片段”是指抗体的抗原结合片段,即保留了特异性结合由全长抗体结合的抗原的能力的抗体片段,例如保留了一个或多个CDR区的片段。抗体结合片段的实例包括但不限于Fab、Fab’、F(ab’)2和Fv片段;双抗体;线性抗体;单链抗体分子,例如sc-Fv;纳米抗体和由抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体。此类抗体片段可具有类似的生物活性,但对施用其的受试者可能具有较低的免疫原性。
“特异性结合”指定靶蛋白的抗体是与其它蛋白相比表现出与该靶标的优先结合的抗体,但这种特异性不需要绝对的结合特异性。如果抗体的结合确定了样品中靶蛋白的存在,例如而不产生不期望的结果(诸如假阳性),则抗体被认为对其预期的靶标是“特异性的”。可用于本发明的抗体或其结合片段将以为对非靶蛋白的亲和力的至少两倍,优选至少十倍,更优选至少20倍,且最优选至少100倍的亲和力结合靶蛋白。如本文中所用,如果抗体结合包含给定氨基酸序列(例如成熟人PD-1或人PD-L1分子的氨基酸序列)的多肽,但不结合缺乏该序列的蛋白,则抗体被称为特异性结合包含该序列的多肽。
“嵌合抗体”是指其中重链和/或轻链的一部分与源于特定物种(例如人)或属于特定抗体类别或亚类的抗体中的相应序列相同或同源,而该一条或多条链的其余部分与源于另一物种(例如小鼠)或属于另一抗体类别或亚类的抗体中的相应序列相同或同源的抗体,以及此类抗体的片段,只要它们表现出所需生物活性。
本文中用于药剂(诸如PD-1拮抗剂或VEGFR-2拮抗剂)的“共同施用”是指施用药剂以具有重叠的治疗活性,而不必同时向受试者施用药剂。在施用前,药剂可以在或可以不在物理组合中(例如在同一静脉输液袋中)。在一个实施方案中,将药剂同时或大致同时施用于受试者。例如,当在液体溶液中时,抗PD-1抗体和抗VEGFR-2抗体可以包含在单独的小瓶中,并随后可以混合到同一静脉输液袋或注射装置中,并同时施用于患者。
本文中使用的“共同配制(co-formulated)”或“共制剂(co-formulation)”或“共制剂(coformulation)”或“共同配制(coformulated)”是指至少两种不同的抗体或其抗原结合片段,其一起配制并作为组合产品储存在单个小瓶或容器(例如注射装置)中,而不是单独配制和储存并随后在施用前混合或单独施用。在一个实施方案中,共制剂含有两种不同的抗体或其抗原结合片段。
“人抗体”是指仅包含人免疫球蛋白序列的抗体。如果在小鼠、小鼠细胞或源于小鼠细胞的杂交瘤中产生,人抗体可以含有鼠碳水化合物链。类似地,“小鼠抗体”或“大鼠抗体”分别指仅包含小鼠或大鼠免疫球蛋白序列的抗体。
“人源化抗体”是指含有来自非人(例如鼠)抗体以及人抗体的序列的抗体形式。此类抗体含有源于非人免疫球蛋白的最小序列。通常,人源化抗体将包含至少一个、及通常两个可变结构域的基本全部,其中全部或基本全部的高变环对应于非人免疫球蛋白的那些,且全部或基本全部的FR区是人免疫球蛋白序列的那些。人源化抗体任选还将包含免疫球蛋白恒定区(Fc)(通常为人免疫球蛋白的恒定区)的至少一部分。当需要区分人源化抗体与亲本啮齿动物抗体时,将前缀“hum”、“hu”或“h”添加到抗体克隆名称中。啮齿动物抗体的人源化形式通常将包含与亲本啮齿动物抗体相同的CDR序列,尽管可包括某些氨基酸取代以提高亲和力、提高人源化抗体的稳定性或出于其它原因。
“抗肿瘤反应”当涉及用治疗方案(诸如本文中描述的联合疗法)治疗的癌症患者时,是指至少一种积极的治疗作用,诸如癌细胞数量减少、肿瘤大小减小、癌细胞浸润到外周器官的速率降低、肿瘤转移或肿瘤生长的速率降低、或无进展生存期。癌症中的积极治疗作用可以用许多方式来量度(参见W.A.Weber,J.Nucl.Med.50:1S-10S(2009);Eisenhauer等人,Eur.J Cancer 45:228-247(2009))。在一些实施方案中,使用RECIST 1.1标准、二维irRC或一维irRC评估本文中描述的联合疗法的抗肿瘤反应。在一些实施方案中,抗肿瘤反应是SD、PR、CR、PFS或DFS中的任一种。
“二维irRC”是指Wolchok JD等人,“Guidelines for the evaluation of immunetherapy activity in solid tumors:immune-related response criteria,”Clin.Cancer Res.2009;15(23):7412–7420中描述的标准集合。这些标准利用了靶病灶的二维肿瘤测量,其通过将每个病灶的最长直径和最长垂直直径相乘(cm2)获得。
“生物治疗剂”是指在任何支持肿瘤维持和/或生长或抑制抗肿瘤免疫应答的生物途径中阻断配体/受体信号传导的生物分子,诸如抗体或融合蛋白。生物治疗剂的类别包括但不限于针对EGFR的抗体、Her2/neu、其它生长因子受体、CD20、CD40、CD-40L、CTLA-4、OX-40、4-1BB和ICOS。
“CBR”或“临床受益率”是指CR+PR+持久性SD。
除非另行指示,本文中使用的“CDR”是指使用Kabat编号系统定义的免疫球蛋白可变区中的互补决定区。
“化学治疗剂”是可用于治疗癌症的化合物。化学治疗剂的类别包括但不限于:烷化剂、抗代谢物、激酶抑制剂、纺锤体毒植物生物碱(spindle poison plant alkaloid)、细胞毒性/抗肿瘤抗生素、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、光敏剂、抗雌激素和选择性雌激素受体调节剂(SERM)、抗孕酮、雌激素受体下调剂(ERD)、雌激素受体拮抗剂、促黄体激素释放激素激动剂、抗雄激素、芳香酶抑制剂、EGFR抑制剂和抑制涉及异常细胞增殖或肿瘤生长的基因的表达的反义寡核苷酸。可用于本发明的治疗方法的化学治疗剂包括细胞抑制剂和/或细胞毒性剂。
本文中使用的“Chothia”是指Al-Lazikani等人,JMB 273:927-948(1997)中描述的抗体编号系统。
“包含(comprising)”或诸如“包含(comprise)”、“包含(comprises)”或“包含(comprised of)”等变体在本说明书和权利要求书通篇中以包括的意义使用,即指定存在所述特征但不排除存在或添加可实质上增强本发明的任何实施方案的操作或效用的其它特征,除非上下文由于表达语言或必然含意而另行要求。
“保守修饰变体”或“保守取代”是指蛋白中的氨基酸被具有类似特征(例如电荷、侧链大小、疏水性/亲水性、主链构象和刚性等)的其它氨基酸取代,使得可以频繁地进行变化而不改变蛋白的生物活性或其它所需性质,诸如抗原亲和力和/或特异性。本领域技术人员认识到,通常,多肽非必需区中的单个氨基酸取代不会实质上改变生物活性(参见例如Watson等人(1987)Molecular Biology of the Gene,The Benjamin/Cummings Pub.Co.,第224页(第4版))。此外,结构或功能类似的氨基酸的取代不太可能破坏生物活性。示例性保守取代列示在下表1中。
表1.示例性保守氨基酸取代
本说明书和权利要求书通篇中使用的“基本由……组成(consists essentiallyof)”及诸如“基本由……组成(consist essentially of)”或“基本由……组成(consisting essentially of)”等变体指示包括任何列举的要素或要素组,并任选包括与所列举的要素性质相似或不同的其它要素,这些要素不会实质上改变指定的给药方案、方法或组合物的基本或新的性质。作为非限制性实例,基本由所列举的氨基酸序列组成的PD-1拮抗剂还可包括一个或多个氨基酸,包括一个或多个氨基酸残基的取代,其不会实质上影响结合化合物的性质。
“DCR”或“疾病控制率”是指CR+PR+SD。“DSDR”或“持久性病情稳定率”是指≥23周的SD。
本文中使用的“框架区”或“FR”是指排除CDR区的免疫球蛋白可变区。
本文中使用的“Kabat”是指由Elvin A.Kabat开创的免疫球蛋白排列和编号系统((1991)Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest,第5版.Public HealthService,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,Md.)。本文中使用的“单克隆抗体”或“mAb”或“Mab”是指基本同质的抗体群体,即构成群体的抗体分子除了可能天然存在的突变(可能以少量存在)外,在氨基酸序列上是相同的。相反,常规(多克隆)抗体制剂通常包括大量不同的抗体,这些抗体在它们的可变区,特别是它们的CDR中具有不同的氨基酸序列,这些抗体通常对不同的表位具有特异性。修饰语“单克隆”指示抗体的特征获自基本同质的抗体群体,并且不应解释为要求通过任何特定方法产生抗体。例如,根据本发明使用的单克隆抗体可以通过首先由Kohler等人(1975)Nature 256:495描述的杂交瘤法制造;或者可以通过重组DNA方法(参见例如美国专利号4,816,567)制造。“单克隆抗体”也可以使用例如Clackson等人(1991)Nature 352:624-628和Marks等人(1991)J.Mol.Biol.222:581-597中描述的技术从噬菌体抗体库中分离。还参见Presta(2005)J.Allergy Clin.Immunol.116:731。
“无反应患者”当涉及对用本文中描述的联合疗法的治疗的具体抗肿瘤反应时,是指患者不表现出抗肿瘤反应。
“ORR”或“客观反应率”在一些实施方案中是指CR+PR;ORR(第24周)是指在24周的抗癌治疗后在群组中的每个患者中使用irRECIST测得的CR和PR。
“患者”或“受试者”是指需要治疗或参与临床试验、流行病学研究或用作对照的任何单个受试者,包括人、灵长类动物和哺乳动物兽医患者,诸如牛、马、狗和猫。
“PD-1拮抗剂”是指阻断在癌细胞上表达的PD-L1与在免疫细胞(T细胞、B细胞或NKT细胞)上表达的PD-1的结合,并优选还阻断在癌细胞上表达的PD-L2与免疫细胞表达的PD-1的结合的任何化合物或生物分子。PD-1及其配体的替代名称或同义词包括:对于PD-1为PDCD1、PD1、CD279和SLEB2;对于PD-L1为PDCD1L1、PDL1、B7H1、B7-4、CD274和B7-H;以及对于PD-L2为PDCD1L2、PDL2、B7-DC、Btdc和CD273。在其中用PD-1拮抗剂治疗人个体的本发明的任何治疗方法、药物和用途中,该PD-1拮抗剂阻断人PD-L1与人PD-1的结合,并优选阻断人PD-L1和PD-L2与人PD-1的结合。人PD-1氨基酸序列可以在NCBI基因座号:NP_005009中找到。人PD-L1和PD-L2氨基酸序列可以分别在NCBI基因座号:NP_054862和NP_079515中找到。
本文中使用的“奥伐西单抗变体”是指包含与奥伐西单抗中的那些基本相同的重链和轻链序列的单克隆抗体,不同之处在于具有在位于轻链CDR外部的位置处的三个、两个或一个保守氨基酸取代和位于重链CDR外部的六个、五个、四个、三个、两个或一个保守氨基酸取代,例如变体位置位于FR区或恒定区,并任选缺失重链的C末端赖氨酸残基。换句话说,奥伐西单抗和奥伐西单抗变体包含相同的CDR序列,但由于在它们的全长轻链和重链序列中分别在不超过三个或六个其它位置处具有保守氨基酸取代而彼此不同。奥伐西单抗变体就以下性质而言与奥伐西单抗基本上相同:与VEGFR-2的结合亲和力和中和血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)2/VEGF轴的能力。
本文中使用的“帕博利珠单抗变体”是指包含与帕博利珠单抗中的那些基本相同的重链和轻链序列的单克隆抗体,不同之处在于具有在位于轻链CDR外部的位置处的三个、两个或一个保守氨基酸取代和位于重链CDR外部的六个、五个、四个、三个、两个或一个保守氨基酸取代,例如变体位置位于FR区或恒定区,并任选缺失重链的C末端赖氨酸残基。换句话说,帕博利珠单抗和帕博利珠单抗变体包含相同的CDR序列,但由于在它们的全长轻链和重链序列中分别在不超过三个或六个其它位置处具有保守氨基酸取代而彼此不同。帕博利珠单抗变体就以下性质而言与帕博利珠单抗基本上相同:与PD-1的结合亲和力和阻断PD-L1和PD-L2的每个与PD-1的结合的能力。
本文中使用的“RECIST 1.1疗效评价标准”是指Eisenhauer等人,E.A.等人,Eur.JCancer 45:228-247(2009)中所述的用于靶病灶或非靶病灶(基于测量的反应的上下文视情况而定)的定义。
“反应患者”当涉及对用本文中描述的联合疗法的治疗的具体抗肿瘤反应时,是指患者表现出抗肿瘤反应。
“持续反应”是指在停止用治疗剂或本文中描述的联合疗法治疗后持续的治疗作用。在一些实施方案中,持续反应具有至少与治疗持续时间相同的持续时间,或是治疗持续时间的至少1.5、2.0、2.5或3倍的持续时间。
“组织切片”是指组织样品的单个部分或片,例如从正常组织或肿瘤的样品切割的组织的薄片。
本文中使用的“治疗(treat)”或“治疗(treating)”癌症是指向患有癌症或诊断患有癌症的受试者施用PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂的联合疗法,以实现至少一种积极的治疗作用,诸如癌细胞数量减少、肿瘤大小减小、癌细胞浸润至外周器官的速率降低、或肿瘤转移或肿瘤生长的速率降低。癌症中的积极治疗作用可以用许多方式来量度(参见W.A.Weber,J.Nucl.Med.50:1S-10S(2009))。例如,关于肿瘤生长抑制,根据NCI标准,T/C≤42%是抗肿瘤活性的最低水平。T/C<10%被认为是高抗肿瘤活性水平,其中T/C(%)=治疗的中值肿瘤体积/对照的中值肿瘤体积×100。在一些实施方案中,使用RECIST 1.1标准或irRC(二维或一维)评估对本文中描述的联合疗法的反应,并且通过本发明的组合实现的治疗是PR、CR、OR、PFS、DFS和OS中的任一种。PFS,也称为“肿瘤进展时间”,其指示在治疗期间和之后癌症不生长的时间长度,并包括患者经历CR或PR的时间量,以及患者经历SD的时间量。DFS是指在治疗期间和之后患者保持无疾病的时间长度。OS是指与首次用于实验或未经治疗的个体或患者相比预期寿命延长。在一些实施方案中,对本发明的组合的反应是使用RECIST 1.1疗效评价标准评估的PR、CR、PFS、DFS、OR和OS中的任一种。有效治疗癌症患者的用于本发明的组合的治疗方案可根据诸如患者的疾病状态、年龄和重量以及治疗在受试者中引发抗癌反应的能力的因素而变化。尽管用所述联合疗法治疗受试者的任何方面的实施方案可能不能在每个受试者中有效地实现积极的治疗作用,但其在通过本领域中已知的任何统计学检验(诸如学生t检验、chi2检验、根据Mann和Whitney的U检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验(H-检验)、Jonckheere-Terpstra检验和Wilcoxon检验)确定的统计学显著数量的受试者中应当如此。
术语“治疗方案”、“给药方案(dosing protocol)”和“给药方案(dosingregimen)”可互换使用,是指本发明的组合中每种治疗剂的施用剂量和时间安排。
“肿瘤”当应用于诊断患有癌症或怀疑患有癌症的受试者时是指任何大小的恶性或潜在恶性肿瘤或组织肿块,并包括原发性肿瘤和继发性肿瘤。实体瘤是通常不含有囊肿或液体区域的组织异常生长或肿块。不同类型的实体瘤以形成它们的细胞类型命名。实体瘤的实例是肉瘤、癌和淋巴瘤。白血病(血液癌症)通常不形成实体瘤(美国国家癌症研究所,癌症术语词典)。
“肿瘤负荷(tumor burden)”也称为“肿瘤负荷(tumor load)”,是指遍布身体分布的肿瘤物质的总量。肿瘤负荷是指遍布身体(包括淋巴结和骨髓)的癌细胞总数或一个或多个肿瘤的总大小。肿瘤负荷可以通过本领域已知的各种方法来确定,诸如通过在从受试者中取出后测量一个或多个肿瘤的尺寸(例如使用卡尺),或在体内时使用成像技术(例如超声、骨扫描、计算机断层摄影(CT)或磁共振成像(MRI)扫描)。
术语“肿瘤大小”是指肿瘤的总大小,其可以测量为肿瘤的长度和宽度。肿瘤大小可以通过本领域已知的各种方法来确定,例如通过在从受试者中取出后测量一个或多个肿瘤的尺寸(例如使用卡尺),或在体内时使用成像技术(例如骨扫描、超声、CT或MRI扫描)。
“VEGFR-2拮抗剂”是指特异性结合VEGFR-2并阻断内皮细胞上VEGF与VEGFR-2的结合并抑制VEGFR-2磷酸化的任何生物分子。抑制VEGFR-2磷酸化因此抑制下游信号传导,由此中和VEGFR-2/VEGF轴,并由此阻断血管发生以及抑制肿瘤生长和转移。人VEGFR-2包含Uniprot检索号P35968的氨基酸序列。胞外结构域的N末端部分具有表2中显示的氨基酸序列。
表2:VEGFR2胞外结构域ECD1~3的氨基酸序列
“一维irRC”是指Nishino M,Giobbie-Hurder A,Gargano M,Suda M,Ramaiya NH,Hodi FS.“Developing a Common Language for Tumor Response to Immunotherapy:Immune-related Response Criteria using Unidimensional measurements,”ClinCancer Res.2013,19(14):3936–3943)中描述的标准集合。这些标准利用了每个病灶的最长直径(cm)。
本文中使用的“可变区”或“V区”是指在不同抗体之间的序列中可变的IgG链的链段。通常,其在轻链中延伸至Kabat残基109,而在重链中延伸至Kabat残基113。
PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂
可用于本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的PD-1拮抗剂包括单克隆抗体(mAb)或其抗原结合片段,其特异性结合PD-1或PD-L1,并优选特异性结合人PD-1或人PD-L1。mAb可以是人抗体、人源化抗体或嵌合抗体,并可包括人恒定区。在一些实施方案中,人恒定区选自IgG1、IgG2、IgG3和IgG4恒定区,并且在优选实施方案中,人恒定区是IgG1或IgG4恒定区。在一些实施方案中,抗原结合片段选自Fab、Fab'-SH、F(ab')2、scFv和Fv片段。
与人PD-1结合并可用于本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的mAb的实例描述在美国专利号7488802、7521051、US8008449、8354509、8168757和PCT国际申请公开号WO2004/004771、WO2004/072286、WO2004/056875和美国专利公开号2011/0271358中。可用作本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途中的PD-1拮抗剂的具体抗人PD-1mAb包括:帕博利珠单抗(也称为MK-3475),一种具有在WHO Drug Information,第27卷第2期,第161-162页(2013)中描述的结构的人源化IgG4 mAb,并且其包含表3中显示的重链和轻链氨基酸序列;纳武单抗(nivolumab)(BMS-936558),一种具有在WHO Drug Information,第27卷第1期,第68-69页(2013)中描述的结构的人IgG4 mAb,并且其包含表3中显示的重链和轻链氨基酸序列;人源化抗体h409A11、h409A16和h409A17,其描述在PCT国际申请公开号WO2008/156712中,以及AMP-514,其由MedImmune开发。预期用于本文的另外的抗PD-1抗体包括MEDI0680(美国专利号8609089)、BGB-A317(美国专利公开号2015/0079109)、INCSHR1210(SHR-1210)(PCT国际申请公开号WO2015/085847)、REGN-2810(PCT国际申请公开号WO2015/112800)、PDR001(PCT国际申请公开号WO2015/112900)、TSR-042(ANB011)(PCT国际申请公开号WO2014/179664)和STI-1110(PCT国际申请公开号WO2014/194302)。
与人PD-L1结合并可用于本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的mAb的实例描述在PCT国际申请公开号WO2013/019906和W02010/077634A1以及美国专利号8383796中。可用作本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途中的PD-1拮抗剂的具体抗人PD-L1 mAb包括MPDL3280A、BMS-936559、MEDI4736、MSB0010718C和PCT国际申请公开号WO2013/019906的包含分别为SEQ IDNO:24和SEQ ID NO:21的重链和轻链可变区的抗体。
可用于本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的其它PD-1拮抗剂包括特异性结合PD-1或PD-L1,并优选特异性结合人PD-1或人PD-L1的免疫粘附素,例如含有与恒定区(诸如免疫球蛋白分子的Fc区)融合的PD-L1或PD-L2的胞外或PD-1结合部分的融合蛋白。特异性结合PD-1的免疫粘附分子的实例描述在PCT国际申请公开号WO2010/027827和WO2011/066342中。可用作本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途中的PD-1拮抗剂的具体融合蛋白包括AMP-224(也称为B7-DCIg),其是PD-L2-FC融合蛋白并且与人PD-1结合。
在本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的一些优选实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含:(a)分别为SEQ ID NO:1、2和3的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3,和(b)分别为SEQ ID NO:6、7和8的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3。
在本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的另一些优选实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其特异性结合人PD-1并包含(a)包含SEQ ID NO:9的重链可变区或其变体,和(b)包含SEQ ID NO:4的轻链可变区或其变体。重链可变区序列的变体与参考序列相同,不同之处在于在框架区中(即在CDR外部)具有至多17个保守氨基酸取代,并优选在框架区中具有少于十个、九个、八个、七个、六个或五个保守氨基酸取代。轻链可变区序列的变体与参考序列相同,不同之处在于在框架区中(即在CDR外部)具有至多五个保守氨基酸取代,并优选在框架区中具有少于四个、三个或两个保守氨基酸取代。
在本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的另一优选实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体,其特异性结合人PD-1并包含(a)包含SEQ ID NO:10的重链和(b)包含SEQ ID NO:5的轻链。
在本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的又一优选实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体,其特异性结合人PD-1并包含(a)包含SEQ ID NO:12的重链和(b)包含SEQ ID NO:11的轻链。在一个实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1抗体,其中重链和轻链分别包含SEQ ID NO:10和SEQ ID NO:5中的氨基酸序列。
在所有上述治疗方法、药物和用途中,PD-1拮抗剂抑制PD-L1与PD-1的结合,并优选还抑制PD-L2与PD-1的结合。在上述治疗方法、药物和用途的一些实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其特异性结合PD-1或PD-L1并阻断PD-L1与PD-1的结合。
下表3提供了用于本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的示例性抗PD-1mAb的氨基酸序列的列表。
表3.示例性PD-1抗体序列
可用于本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂包括单克隆抗体(mAb)或其抗原结合片段,其特异性结合VEGFR-2。mAb可以是人抗体、人源化抗体或嵌合抗体,并可包括人恒定区。在一些实施方案中,人恒定区选自IgG1、IgG2、IgG3和IgG4恒定区,并且在优选实施方案中,人恒定区是IgG1或IgG4恒定区。在一些实施方案中,抗原结合片段选自Fab、Fab'-SH、F(ab')2、scFv和Fv片段。
在一个实施方案中,抗VEGFR-2抗体是奥伐西单抗(TTAC-0001)。奥伐西单抗识别VEGFR2的胞外结构域中的两个表位:SEQ ID NO:23的氨基酸111-117和219-225。奥伐西单抗还识别小鼠和大鼠的VEGFR2;氨基酸219-225的表位与小鼠和大鼠的VEGFR2中的相应序列具有100%的同一性。在某些实施方案中,抗VEGFR-2抗体可包含:
包含SEQ ID NO:13的氨基酸序列的免疫球蛋白轻链;和包含SEQ ID NO:14的氨基酸序列的免疫球蛋白重链;或
包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:15的轻链可变区;和包含氨基酸序列SEQ ID NO:16的重链可变区;或
包含CDR1:(SEQ ID NO:17)、CDR2:(SEQ ID NO:18)和CDR3:(SEQ ID NO:19)的轻链可变区;和包含CDR1:(SEQ ID NO:20)、CDR2:(SEQ ID NO:21)和CDR3:(SEQ ID NO:22)的重链可变区。
下表4提供了用于本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的奥伐西单抗(一种示例性抗VEGFR-2mAb)的氨基酸序列的列表。
表4.示例性VEGFR-2抗体序列
在治疗方法、药物和药物组合的用途的一些优选实施方案中,VEGFR-2拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含:(a)包含分别如SEQ ID NO:17、18和19中所示的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的轻链可变区,和(b)包含分别如SEQ ID NO:20、21和22中所示的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的重链可变区。
在本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的另一些优选实施方案中,VEGFR-2拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其特异性结合人VEGFR-2并包含(a)包含SEQ ID NO:16的重链可变区或其变体,和(b)包含SEQ ID NO:15的轻链可变区或其变体。重链可变区序列的变体与参考序列相同,不同之处在于在框架区中(即在CDR外部)具有至多17个保守氨基酸取代,并优选在框架区中具有少于十个、九个、八个、七个、六个或五个保守氨基酸取代。轻链可变区序列的变体与参考序列相同,不同之处在于在框架区中(即在CDR外部)具有至多五个保守氨基酸取代,并优选在框架区中具有少于四个、三个或两个保守氨基酸取代。
在本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的另一优选实施方案中,VEGFR-2拮抗剂是单克隆抗体,其特异性结合人VEGFR-2并包含(a)包含SEQ ID NO:14的重链和(b)包含SEQ IDNO:13的轻链。包含SEQ ID NO:14的重链包含IgG1恒定区。在本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的另一优选实施方案中,VEGFR-2拮抗剂是单克隆抗体,其特异性结合人VEGFR-2并包含(a)包含SEQ ID NO:16的重链可变区和(b)包含SEQ ID NO:15的轻链可变区。
与人VEGFR-2结合并可用于本发明的治疗方法、药物和用途的mAb的另一些实例是雷莫芦单抗(ramucirumab)(也称为LY3009806、IMC-1121B和(Eli Lilly&Co.)),以及PCT国际申请公开号WO2003075840A2中公开的相关mAb。
在一个实施方案中,抗PD-1和/或抗VEGFR-2抗体或其各自的抗原结合片段的每个都包含重链恒定区,例如人恒定区,诸如人重链恒定区或其变体。在另一实施方案中,抗VEGFR-2抗体或其抗原结合片段包含轻链恒定区,例如人轻链恒定区,诸如lambda(λ)或kappa(κ)人轻链区或其变体。作为实例而非限制,人重链恒定区可以是而人轻链恒定区可以是κ。在一个备选实施方案中,抗体的Fc区是具有Ser228Pro突变的(Schuurman,J等人,Mol.Immunol.38:1-8,2001)。
在一些实施方案中,不同的恒定结构域可以附加到源于本文中提供的CDR的人源化VL和VH区。例如,如果抗体(或其抗原结合片段)的特定预期用途需要改变的效应子功能,则可以使用除人IgG1之外的重链恒定结构域,或可以使用杂交IgG1/IgG4。
尽管人IgG1抗体提供长半衰期和效应子功能,诸如补体活化和抗体依赖性细胞毒性,但此类活性可能不是抗体的所有用途所期望的。在此类情况下,例如可以使用人IgG4恒定结构域。本发明包括抗PD-1抗体和抗VEGFR-2(或其各自的抗原结合片段)抗体的组合的用途,并且其中抗PD-1抗体包含IgG4恒定结构域,而抗VEGFR-2抗体包含IgG1恒定结构域。在一个实施方案中,IgG4恒定结构域可在对应于EU系统中的位置228和KABAT系统中的位置241处不同于天然人IgG4恒定结构域(Swiss-Prot检索号P01861.1),其中天然Ser108被Pro置换,以防止Cys106和Cys109(对应于EU系统中的位置Cys 226和Cys 229以及KABAT系统中的位置Cys 239和Cys 242)之间潜在的链间二硫键,该二硫键可干扰正确的链内二硫键形成。参见Angal等人(1993)Mol.Imunol.30:105。在另一些情况下,可以使用已经修饰以增加半衰期或降低效应子功能的修饰的IgG1恒定结构域。
方法、用途和药物
提供了一种用于在个体中治疗癌症的方法,其包括向该个体共同施用PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂。在本发明的另一方面中,提供了一种用于在个体中治疗癌症的方法,其包括向该个体施用包含PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂的组合物。
在另一实施方案中,提供了一种包含PD-1拮抗剂的药物,其与VEGFR-2拮抗剂组合用于治疗癌症。在又一实施方案中,提供了一种包含VEGFR-2拮抗剂的药物,其与PD-1拮抗剂组合用于治疗癌症。
另一些实施方案提供了PD-1拮抗剂在制造与VEGFR-2拮抗剂组合施用时在个体中治疗癌症的药物中的用途和VEGFR-2拮抗剂在制造与PD-1拮抗剂组合施用时在个体中治疗癌症的药物中的用途。
在另一实施方案中,本发明提供了用于在个体中治疗癌症的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中所述用途是与PD-1拮抗剂组合的。在另一实施方案中,本发明提供了PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂的组合,其用于治疗患有癌症的受试者。
在又一实施方案中,本发明提供了PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂在制造用于在个体中治疗癌症的药物中的用途。在一些实施方案中,药物包含试剂盒,且该试剂盒还包含包装插页,所述包装插页包含使用与VEGFR-2拮抗剂组合的PD-1拮抗剂在个体中治疗癌症的说明书。
在前述方法、药物和用途中,在一个实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂共同配制。在另一实施方案中,PD-1拮抗剂与VEGFR-2拮抗剂共同施用。
可通过本发明的组合的组合物和方法治疗的癌症包括但不限于:贲门癌:肉瘤(血管肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤)、粘液瘤、横纹肌瘤、纤维瘤、脂肪瘤和畸胎瘤;肺癌:支气管肺癌(鳞状细胞、未分化小细胞、未分化大细胞、腺癌)、肺泡(细支气管)癌、支气管腺瘤、肉瘤、淋巴瘤、软骨瘤性错构瘤、间皮瘤;胃肠道癌症:食管(鳞状细胞癌、腺癌、平滑肌肉瘤、淋巴瘤)、胃(癌、淋巴瘤、平滑肌肉瘤)、胰腺(导管腺癌、胰岛素瘤、胰高血糖素瘤、胃泌素瘤、类癌肿瘤、血管活性肠肽瘤)、小肠(腺癌、淋巴瘤、类癌肿瘤、卡波西肉瘤、平滑肌瘤、血管瘤、脂肪瘤、神经纤维瘤、纤维瘤)、大肠(腺癌、管状腺瘤、绒毛状腺瘤、错构瘤、平滑肌瘤)、结肠直肠;泌尿生殖道癌症:肾(腺癌、维尔姆斯瘤(肾母细胞瘤)、淋巴瘤、白血病)、膀胱和尿道(鳞状细胞癌、移行细胞癌、腺癌)、前列腺(腺癌、肉瘤)、睾丸(精原细胞瘤、畸胎瘤、胚胎性癌、畸胎癌、绒毛膜癌、肉瘤、间质细胞癌、纤维瘤、纤维腺瘤、腺瘤样肿瘤、脂肪瘤);肝癌:肝细胞瘤(肝细胞癌)、胆管癌、肝母细胞瘤、血管肉瘤、肝细胞腺瘤、血管瘤;骨癌:成骨肉瘤(骨肉瘤)、纤维肉瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、软骨肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤、恶性淋巴瘤(网状细胞肉瘤)、多发性骨髓瘤、恶性巨细胞瘤脊索瘤、骨软骨瘤(osteochronfroma)(骨软骨外生性骨疣)、良性软骨瘤、成软骨细胞瘤、软骨粘液样纤维瘤、骨样骨瘤和巨细胞瘤;神经系统癌症:颅骨(骨瘤、血管瘤、肉芽肿、黄色瘤、畸形性骨炎)、脑膜(脑膜瘤、脑膜肉瘤、神经胶质瘤病)、脑(星形细胞瘤、成神经管细胞瘤、神经胶质瘤、室管膜瘤、生殖细胞瘤(松果体瘤)、多形性胶质母细胞瘤、少突神经胶质瘤、神经鞘瘤、成视网膜细胞瘤、先天性肿瘤)、脊髓神经纤维瘤、脑膜瘤、神经胶质瘤、肉瘤);妇科癌症:子宫(子宫内膜癌)、子宫颈(宫颈癌、肿瘤前宫颈非典型增生)、卵巢(卵巢癌(浆液性囊腺癌、粘液性囊腺癌、未分类癌)、颗粒卵泡膜细胞瘤、塞莱二氏细胞瘤、无性细胞瘤、恶性畸胎瘤)、外阴(鳞状细胞癌、上皮内癌、腺癌、纤维肉瘤、黑素瘤)、阴道(透明细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌、葡萄样肉瘤(胚胎性横纹肌肉瘤))、输卵管(癌)、乳腺癌;血液癌症:血液(骨髓性白血病(急性和慢性)、急性成淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、骨髓增殖性疾病、多发性骨髓瘤、骨髓增生异常综合征);淋巴系造血肿瘤,包括白血病、急性淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、急性成淋巴细胞性白血病、B细胞淋巴瘤、T细胞淋巴瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、毛细胞淋巴瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤、骨髓瘤和伯克特淋巴瘤;骨髓系造血肿瘤,包括急性和慢性骨髓性白血病、骨髓增生异常综合征和前髓细胞性白血病;间充质起源的肿瘤,包括纤维肉瘤和横纹肌肉瘤;中枢和外周神经系统的肿瘤,包括星形细胞瘤、神经母细胞瘤、神经胶质瘤和神经鞘瘤;和其它肿瘤,包括黑素瘤、皮肤(非黑素瘤)癌、间皮瘤(细胞)、精原细胞瘤、畸胎癌、骨肉瘤、着色性干皮病、角化棘皮瘤(keratoctanthoma)、甲状腺滤泡状癌和卡波西肉瘤。在一个实施方案中,前述癌症是晚期、不可切除或转移性的。在一个实施方案中,患者对抗PD-1或抗PD-L1疗法是难治性的。
在一个实施方案中,可通过本发明的组合的组合物和方法治疗的癌症包括但不限于:肺癌、胰腺癌、结肠癌、结肠直肠癌、髓样白血病、急性髓细胞性白血病(AML)、慢性髓细胞性白血病(CML)、慢性骨髓单核细胞性白血病、甲状腺癌、骨髓增生异常综合征、膀胱癌、表皮癌、黑素瘤、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、头颈部癌、卵巢癌、脑癌、间充质起源的癌症、肉瘤、畸胎癌(tetracarcinoma)、神经母细胞瘤、肾癌、肝细胞瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤和甲状腺未分化癌。在一个实施方案中,可以治疗的癌症是选自以下的癌症:黑素瘤、非小细胞肺癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌、经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤、原发性纵隔B细胞淋巴瘤、尿道上皮癌、高微卫星不稳定(MSI-H)或错配修复缺陷(dMMR)实体瘤、胃癌、食管鳞状细胞癌、宫颈癌、肝细胞癌、梅克尔细胞癌(MCC)和肾细胞癌(RCC)。在另一实施方案中,癌症是肾细胞癌(RCC)或胃肠道间质瘤。在又一实施方案中,癌症是腺样囊性癌或复发性多形性胶质母细胞瘤。在一个实施方案中,前述癌症是晚期、不可切除和/或转移性的。待用药物组合治疗的患者可以对抗PD-1或抗PD-L1疗法是难治性的。
在一个实施方案中,可通过本发明的组合的组合物和方法治疗的癌症包括但不限于:乳腺癌、三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)、转移性乳腺癌、和转移性三阴性乳腺癌(mTNBC)。在一个实施方案中,可通过本发明的抗体、组合物和方法治疗的癌症包括多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)和复发性多形性胶质母细胞瘤(rGBM)。
联合疗法还可包含一种或多种另外的治疗剂。另外的治疗剂可以是例如化学治疗剂、生物治疗剂、免疫原性剂(例如减毒癌细胞、肿瘤抗原、抗原呈递细胞,诸如用肿瘤来源的抗原或核酸脉冲的树突细胞、免疫刺激细胞因子(例如IL-2、IFNα2、GM-CSF)和用编码免疫刺激细胞因子(诸如但不限于GM-CSF)的基因转染的细胞)。另外的治疗剂的具体剂量和剂量方案可进一步变化,并且最佳剂量、给药方案和施用途径将基于所用的具体治疗剂来确定。
本发明的联合疗法中的每种治疗剂可以单独施用,或在根据标准药学实践包含治疗剂和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂和稀释剂的药物(在本文中也称为药物组合物)中施用。
本发明的联合疗法中的每种治疗剂可以同时(即在同一药物中)、并行(即在以任何顺序一个接一个地施用的单独药物中)或以任何顺序序贯施用。当联合疗法中的治疗剂为不同剂型(一种药剂为片剂或胶囊,而另一种药剂为无菌液体)和/或以不同的给药方案施用(例如化学治疗剂至少每天施用,而生物治疗剂不那么频繁地施用,诸如每周一次、每两周一次或每三周一次)时,序贯施用特别有用。
在一些实施方案中,在施用PD-1拮抗剂之前施用VEGFR-2拮抗剂,而在另一些实施方案中,在施用PD-1拮抗剂之后施用VEGFR-2拮抗剂。VEGFR-2拮抗剂也可与PD-1拮抗剂并行施用。
在一些实施方案中,联合疗法中的至少一种治疗剂使用该药剂用作用于治疗相同癌症的单一疗法时通常采用的相同剂量方案(剂量、治疗的频率和持续时间)施用。在另一些实施方案中,患者接受与联合疗法中的至少一种治疗剂作为单一疗法使用时相比更低总量的该药剂,例如更小的剂量、不那么频率的给药和/或更短的治疗持续时间。
本发明的联合疗法中的每种小分子治疗剂可以口服或肠胃外施用,包括静脉内、肌内、腹膜内、皮下、直肠、局部和经皮施用途径。
本发明的联合疗法可以在去除或缩减(debulk)肿瘤的手术之前或之后使用,并且可以在放疗之前、期间或之后使用。
在一些实施方案中,对先前未用生物治疗剂或化学治疗剂治疗(即未接受过治疗)的患者施用本发明的联合疗法。在另一些实施方案中,对在用生物治疗剂或化学治疗剂的在先治疗后未能实现持续反应(即经历过治疗)的患者施用联合疗法。
本发明的联合疗法通常用于治疗大到足以通过触诊或通过本领域公知的成像技术(诸如MRI、超声或CAT扫描)发现的肿瘤。
选择用于本发明的联合疗法的剂量方案(在本文中也称为施用方案)取决于若干因素,包括实体的血清或组织更新率、症状水平、实体的免疫原性、以及治疗的个体中靶细胞、组织或器官的可接近性。优选地,给药方案使递送至患者的每种治疗剂的量最大化,与可接受的副作用水平一致。因此,组合中每种生物治疗剂和化学治疗剂的剂量量和给药频率部分取决于特定的治疗剂、治疗的癌症的严重程度、以及患者特征。选择合适剂量的抗体、细胞因子和小分子的指导是可获得的。参见例如Wawrzynczak(1996)AntibodyTherapy,Bios Scientific Pub.Ltd,Oxfordshire,UK;Kresina(编辑)(1991)MonoclonalAntibodies,Cytokines and Arthritis,Marcel Dekker,New York,NY;Bach(编辑)(1993)Monoclonal Antibodies and Peptide Therapy in Autoimmune Diseases,MarcelDekker,New York,NY;Baert等人(2003)New Engl.J.Med.348:601-608;Milgrom等人(1999)New Engl.J.Med.341:1966-1973;Slamon等人(2001)New Engl.J.Med.344:783-792;Beniaminovitz等人(2000)New Engl.J.Med.342:613-619;Ghosh等人(2003)NewEngl.J.Med.348:24-32;Lipsky等人(2000)New Engl.J.Med.343:1594-1602;Physicians'Desk Reference 2003(Physicians'Desk Reference,第57版);Medical EconomicsCompany;ISBN:1563634457;第57版(2002年11月)。合适的剂量方案的确定可由临床医生例如使用本领域已知或怀疑影响治疗或预测影响治疗的参数或因素进行,并将取决于例如患者的临床史(例如先前的治疗)、待治疗的癌症的类型和阶段以及对联合疗法中的一种或多种治疗剂的反应的生物标志物。
本发明的联合疗法中的生物治疗剂可通过连续输注来施用,或以例如每天、每隔一天、每周三次或每周一次、两周一次、三周一次、每月一次、每两月一次等的间隔按剂量施用。每周总剂量通常为至少0.05μg/kg、0.2μg/kg、0.5μg/kg、1μg/kg、10μg/kg、100μg/kg、0.2mg/kg、1.0mg/kg、2.0mg/kg、10mg/kg、25mg/kg、50mg/kg体重或更高。参见例如Yang等人(2003)New Engl.J.Med.349:427-434;Herold等人(2002)New Engl.J.Med.346:1692-1698;Liu等人(1999)J.Neurol.Neurosurg.Psych.67:451-456;Portielji等人(2003)Cancer Immunol.Immunother.52:133-144。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,联合疗法中的VEGFR-2拮抗剂是奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体,其可以每周、每两周或每三周施用2至24mg/kg,取决于肿瘤类型和患者因素。
在采用抗人PD-1mAb作为联合疗法中的PD-1拮抗剂的一些实施方案中,给药方案将包括在整个疗程中以大约14天(±2天)或大约21天(±2天)或大约30天(±2天)的间隔以1、2、3、5或10mg/kg的剂量施用抗人PD-1mAb。
在采用抗人PD-1mAb作为联合疗法中的PD-1拮抗剂的另一些实施方案中,给药方案将包括以大约0.005mg/kg至大约10mg/kg的剂量(患者内剂量递增)施用抗人PD-1mAb。在其它剂量递增的实施方案中,剂量之间的间隔将逐渐缩短,例如,第一和第二剂量之间大约30天(±2天),第二和第三剂量之间大约14天(±2天)。在某些实施方案中,对于第二剂量后的剂量,给药间隔将为大约14天(±2天)。
在某些实施方案中,将对接受联合疗法的受试者施用包含本文中描述的PD-1拮抗剂的任一种的药物的静脉内(IV)输注或皮下注射。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,联合疗法中的PD-1拮抗剂是纳武单抗,其以选自以下的剂量静脉内施用:1mg/kg Q2W、2mg/kg Q2W、3mg/kg Q2W、5mg/kg Q2W、10mg Q2W、1mg/kg Q3W、2mg/kg Q3W、3mg/kg Q3W、5mg/kg Q3W和10mg/kg Q3W。
在本发明的另一优选实施方案中,联合疗法中的PD-1拮抗剂是帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体,其以选自以下的剂量在液体药物中施用:1mg/kg Q2W、2mg/kg Q2W、3mg/kg Q2W、5mg/kg Q2W、10mg/kg Q2W、1mg/kg Q3W、2mg/kg Q3W、3mg/kg Q3W、5mg/kg Q3W、10mg/kg Q3W和这些剂量中任一种的平剂量当量,即诸如200mg Q3W。在一些实施方案中,提供作为液体药物的帕博利珠单抗,所述液体药物包含在10mM组氨酸缓冲液pH 5.5中的25mg/ml帕博利珠单抗、7%(w/v)蔗糖、0.02%(w/v)聚山梨醇酯。在另一些实施方案中,提供作为液体药物的帕博利珠单抗,所述液体药物包含大约125至大约200mg/mL的帕博利珠单抗或其抗原结合片段;大约10mM组氨酸缓冲液;大约10mM L-蛋氨酸或其药学上可接受的盐;大约7%(w/v)蔗糖;和大约0.02%(w/v)聚山梨醇酯80。
在一些实施方案中,所选剂量的帕博利珠单抗通过IV输注来施用。在一个实施方案中,所选剂量的帕博利珠单抗通过在25至40分钟、或大约30分钟的时间段内的IV输注来施用。
在一些实施方案中,用联合疗法治疗患者至少24周,例如八个3周周期。在一些实施方案中,用联合疗法的治疗持续进行,直到患者表现出PD或CR的迹象。
取决于肿瘤类型和患者因素,帕博利珠单抗可以每3周施用200mg或每6周施用400mg。帕博利珠单抗可以从21天周期的第1天开始每三周静脉内施用200mg。受限于药物的物理性质和患者的方便性,施用途径可以以任何方式变化。
奥伐西单抗可以与帕博利珠单抗同时、分开或序贯组合用于治疗癌症,例如转移性三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)。奥伐西单抗可以以每周8mg/kg至16mg/kg,例如8mg/kg、9mg/kg、10mg/kg、11mg/kg、12mg/kg、13mg/kg、14mg/kg、15mg/kg或16mg/kg的剂量,或以例如每2周12mg/kg至24mg/kg,例如12mg/kg、13mg/kg、14mg/kg、15mg/kg、16mg/kg、17mg/kg、18mg/kg、19mg/kg、20mg/kg、21mg/kg、22mg/kg、23mg/kg或24mg/kg的剂量来施用,并且帕博利珠单抗以每3周200mg的剂量来施用。奥伐西单抗可以以每周8mg/kg至20mg/kg,例如8mg/kg、9mg/kg、10mg/kg、11mg/kg、12mg/kg、13mg/kg、14mg/kg、15mg/kg、16mg/kg、18mg/kg或20mg/kg的剂量,或以每2周12mg/kg至24mg/kg,例如12mg/kg、13mg/kg、14mg/kg、15mg/kg、16mg/kg、17mg/kg、18mg/kg、19mg/kg、20mg/kg、21mg/kg、22mg/kg、23mg/kg或24mg/kg的剂量来施用,并且帕博利珠单抗以每6周400mg的剂量来施用。
在前述方法、药物和用途中,在另一实施方案中,抗PD-1或抗PD-L1抗体和抗VEGFR-2抗体共同施用。在一个实施方案中,200mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每三周的第1天通过IV输注来施用,并且12mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注来施用。在另一实施方案中,200mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每三周的第1天通过IV输注来施用,并且16mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注来施用。在另一实施方案中,200mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每三周的第1天通过IV输注来施用,并且18mg/kg或20mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注来施用。
在前述方法、药物和用途中,在一个实施方案中,对于静脉内输注,400mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每六周的第1天施用,并且12mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注来施用。在另一实施方案中,对于静脉内输注,400mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每六周的第1天施用,并且16mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注来施用。
VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂可分别以例如但不限于可重构散剂(reconstitutable powders)、酏剂、液体、溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂、散剂、颗粒剂(granules)、颗粒剂(particles)、微粒剂(microparticles)、可分散颗粒剂、扁囊剂、吸入剂、雾化吸入剂、贴剂、颗粒吸入剂、植入剂、储库型植入剂、注射剂(包括皮下、肌内、静脉内和皮内)、输液剂(infusions)及其组合的剂型施用。
在一个实施方案中,抗VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂分别以静脉内(IV)输注方式施用。在另一实施方案中,抗VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂分别以皮下注射方式施用。
本发明还提供了一种药物,其包含如上所述的PD-1拮抗剂或VEGFR-2拮抗剂和药学上可接受的赋形剂。当PD-1拮抗剂或VEGFR-2拮抗剂是生物治疗剂,例如mAb时,可以使用常规细胞培养和回收/纯化技术在CHO细胞中生产拮抗剂。
本公开的药学上可接受的赋形剂包括例如溶剂、填充剂、缓冲剂、张力调节剂和防腐剂(参见例如Pramanick等人,Pharma Times,45:65-77,2013)。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物可包含赋形剂,其充当溶剂、填充剂、缓冲剂和张力调节剂中的一种或多种(例如盐水中的氯化钠可用作水性溶媒和张力调节剂)。本公开的药物组合物适于肠胃外施用。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物包含水性溶媒作为溶剂。合适的溶媒包括例如无菌水、盐水溶液、磷酸盐缓冲盐水和林格氏溶液。在一些实施方案中,组合物是等渗的。
药物组合物可包含填充剂。当药物组合物在施用前要冻干时,填充剂是特别有用的。在一些实施方案中,填充剂是在冷冻或喷雾干燥过程中和/或在储存过程中帮助稳定和防止活性剂降解的保护剂。合适的填充剂是糖(单糖、二糖和多糖),诸如蔗糖、乳糖、海藻糖、甘露醇、山梨糖醇、葡萄糖和棉子糖。
药物组合物可包含缓冲剂。缓冲剂控制pH以抑制活性剂在加工、储存和任选的重构的过程中的降解。合适的缓冲剂包括例如盐,包括乙酸盐、柠檬酸盐、磷酸盐或硫酸盐。其它合适的缓冲剂包括例如氨基酸,诸如精氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸和赖氨酸。缓冲剂可进一步包含盐酸或氢氧化钠。在一些实施方案中,缓冲剂将组合物的pH保持在4至9的范围内。在一些实施方案中,pH大于(下限)4、5、6、7或8。在一些实施方案中,pH小于(上限)9、8、7、6或5。也就是说,pH在大约4至9的范围内,其中下限小于上限。
药物组合物可包含张力调节剂。合适的张力调节剂包括例如右旋糖、甘油、氯化钠、甘油和甘露醇。
药物组合物可包含防腐剂。合适的防腐剂包括例如抗氧化剂和抗微生物剂。但是,在优选的实施方案中,药物组合物在无菌条件下制备并在一次性容器中,并由此不需要包含防腐剂。
在一些实施方案中,包含抗PD-1抗体作为PD-1拮抗剂的药物可以作为液体制剂提供,或通过在使用前用注射用无菌水重构冻干粉末来制备。PCT国际申请公开号WO 2012/135408描述了适用于本发明的包含帕博利珠单抗的液体和冻干药物的制备。在一些实施方案中,包含帕博利珠单抗的药物在含有在4mL溶液中的大约100mg的帕博利珠单抗的玻璃小瓶中提供。每1mL溶液含有25mg的帕博利珠单抗,并且配制在:L-组氨酸(1.55mg)、聚山梨醇酯80(0.2mg)、蔗糖(70mg)和注射用水,USP中。溶液需要稀释以用于IV输注。
本文中描述的药物可以作为试剂盒提供,所述试剂盒包含第一容器、第二容器和包装插页或标签。第一容器包含至少一个剂量的包含PD-1拮抗剂的药物,第二容器包含至少一个剂量的包含VEGFR-2拮抗剂的药物,以及包含使用药物治疗患者的癌症的说明书的包装插页或标签。第一和第二容器可包含相同或不同的形状(例如小瓶、注射器和瓶)和/或材料(例如塑料或玻璃)。试剂盒可进一步包含可用于施用药物的其它材料,诸如稀释剂、过滤器、IV袋和管线、针头和注射器。
本发明的这些和其它方面,包括下文例举的示例性具体实施方案,将由本文中包含的教导显而易见。
本发明的示例性具体实施方案
1.用于治疗癌症的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中该用途是与PD-1拮抗剂组合的。
2.用于实施方案1的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段。
3.用于实施方案1的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中个体是人且PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其特异性结合人PD-1并阻断人PD-L1与人PD-1的结合。
4.用于实施方案3的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂还阻断人PD-L2与人PD-1的结合。
5.用于实施方案4的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含:(a)分别为SEQ ID NO:1、2和3的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3,和(b)分别为SEQ ID NO:6、7和8的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3。
6.用于实施方案4的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1单克隆抗体,并且其中重链包含含有SEQ ID NO:9的重链可变区而轻链包含含有SEQID NO:4的轻链可变区。
7.用于实施方案4的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1单克隆抗体,并且其中重链包含SEQ ID NO:10而轻链包含SEQ ID NO:5。
8.用于实施方案4的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是帕博利珠单抗。
9.用于实施方案4的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是帕博利珠单抗变体。
10.用于实施方案4的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是纳武单抗。
11.用于实施方案1至10任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其阻断VEGFR-2与VEGF的结合。
12.用于实施方案1至10任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含:(a)分别为SEQ ID NO:17、18和19的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3,和(b)分别为SEQ ID NO:20、21和22的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3。
13.用于实施方案1至10任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中重链包含含有SEQ ID NO:16的重链可变区而轻链包含含有SEQ ID NO:15的轻链可变区。
14.用于实施方案1至10任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中重链包含SEQ ID NO:14而轻链包含SEQ ID NO:13。
15.用于实施方案1至10任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是奥伐西单抗变体。
16.用于实施方案1至10任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是雷莫芦单抗。
17.用于实施方案1的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的人源化抗PD-1抗体,并且其中重链包含含有分别为SEQ ID NO:6、7和8的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的重链可变区,而轻链包含含有分别为SEQ ID NO:1、2和3的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的轻链可变区;并且VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的人源化抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中重链包含含有分别为SEQ ID NO:20、21和22的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的重链可变区,而轻链包含含有分别为SEQ ID NO:17、18和19的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的轻链可变区。
18.用于实施方案1的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1抗体,并且其中重链包含含有SEQ ID NO:9的重链可变区而轻链包含含有SEQ IDNO:4的轻链可变区;并且VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中重链包含含有SEQ ID NO:16的重链可变区而轻链包含含有SEQ ID NO:15的轻链可变区。
19.用于实施方案1的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1抗体,并且其中重链包含SEQ ID NO:10而轻链包含SEQ ID NO:5;并且VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中重链包含SEQ ID NO:14而轻链包含SEQID NO:13。
20.用于实施方案1至19任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂共同配制。
21.用于实施方案1至19任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂共同施用。
22.用于实施方案1至21任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中个体先前未用抗PD-1或抗PD-L1疗法治疗,或在接受在先抗PD-1疗法时证实为进展性的。
23.用于实施方案1至22任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中癌症是乳腺癌、胶质母细胞瘤或转移性癌症。
24.用于实施方案1至22任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中癌症是三阴性乳腺癌。
25.用于实施方案1至22任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中癌症是转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
26.用于实施方案1至25任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中200mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每3周的第1天通过IV输注施用,并且16mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注施用。
27.用于实施方案1至25任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中对于静脉内输注,400mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每6周的第1天施用,并且16mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注施用。
28.用于实施方案26至27任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中癌症是三阴性乳腺癌。
29.用于实施方案26至27任一项的用途的VEGFR-2拮抗剂,其中癌症是转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
30.在患者中治疗癌症的方法,其包括向该患者施用抗VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂。
31.实施方案30的方法,其中VEGFR2拮抗剂是奥伐西单抗,且PD-1拮抗剂是帕博利珠单抗。
32.实施方案30或31的方法,其中癌症包含乳腺癌,优选转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
33.实施方案31的方法,其中奥伐西单抗与以200mg每3周一次的剂量或以400mg每6周一次的剂量施用的帕博利珠单抗结合,以大约8至16mg/kg每周一次的剂量或12至24mg/kg每2周一次的剂量施用。
34.实施方案30至33任一项的方法,其中200mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每三周的第1天通过IV输注施用,并且16mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注施用。
35.实施方案30至33任一项的方法,其中对于静脉内输注,400mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每六周的第1天施用,并且16mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注施用。
36.实施方案34至35任一项的方法,其中癌症是三阴性乳腺癌。
37.实施方案34至35任一项的方法,其中癌症是转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
38.用于制造药物的组合物,所述药物用于在患者中治疗癌症的联合疗法方法,所述组合物包含VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂。
39.实施方案38的组合物,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是抗VEGFR-2抗体。
40.实施方案38或39的组合物,其中PD-1拮抗剂是抗PD-1抗体。
41.实施方案38或39的组合物,其中癌症是乳腺癌、胶质母细胞瘤、或转移性癌症。
42.实施方案38或39的组合物,其中乳腺癌包含三阴性乳腺癌。
43.实施方案38或39的组合物,其中癌症包含转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
44.用于制造药物的组合物,所述药物用于在具有肺或脑转移性病灶的患者中治疗转移性三阴性乳腺癌的联合疗法方法,所述组合物包含VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂。
45.实施方案44的组合物,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是抗VEGFR-2抗体。
46.实施方案44或45的组合物,其中PD-1拮抗剂是抗PD-1抗体。
47.在患者中治疗癌症的联合疗法方法,其包括向该患者施用治疗有效量的VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂。
48.在具有肺或脑转移性病灶的患者中治疗癌症的联合疗法方法,其包括向该患者施用治疗有效量的VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂。
49.实施方案47或48的联合疗法方法,其中VEGFR-2拮抗剂是抗VEGFR抗体。
50.实施方案47至49任一项的联合疗法方法,其中PD-1拮抗剂是抗PD-1抗体。
51.实施方案47至50任一项的联合疗法方法,其中癌症包含乳腺癌,优选转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
52.在患者中治疗癌症的联合疗法方法,其包括向该患者施用治疗有效量的抗VEGFR-2抗体和抗PD-1抗体。
53.在具有肺或脑转移性病灶的患者中治疗癌症的联合疗法方法,其包括向该患者施用治疗有效量的抗VEGFR-2抗体和抗PD-1抗体。
54.用于本公开的任何实施方案的抗VEGFR2可以选自包括但不限于奥伐西单抗和雷莫芦单抗。
55.用于本公开的任何实施方案的抗PD-1抗体可以选自包括但不限于帕博利珠单抗、纳武单抗、西米普利单抗(cemiplimab)、卡瑞利珠单抗(camrelizumab)、信迪利单抗(sintilimab)、替雷利珠单抗(tislelizumab)和特瑞普利单抗(toripalimab)。
56.奥伐西单抗和帕博利珠单抗的联合疗法,用于治疗具有肺或脑转移性病灶的三阴性乳腺癌(肺或脑转移性mTNBC)。
57.在患者中治疗癌症的方法,其包括向该患者施用抗VEGFR-2拮抗剂和PD-1拮抗剂。
58.实施方案57的方法,其中VEGFR2拮抗剂是奥伐西单抗,且PD-1拮抗剂是帕博利珠单抗。
59.实施方案57或58的方法,其中癌症是乳腺癌,优选转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
60.实施方案58的方法,其中奥伐西单抗与以每3周200mg的剂量或以每6周400mg的剂量施用的帕博利珠单抗结合,以大约8至16mg/kg每周一次的剂量或12至24mg/kg每2周一次的剂量施用。
一般方法
描述了分子生物学中的标准方法(Sambrook,Fritsch和Maniatis(1982&1989第2版,2001第3版)Molecular Cloning,A Laboratory Manual,Cold Spring HarborLaboratory Press,Cold Spring Harbor,NY;Sambrook和Russell(2001)MolecularCloning,第3版,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,Cold Spring Harbor,NY;Wu(1993)Recombinant DNA,第217卷,Academic Press,San Diego,CA)。标准方法还出现在Ausubel等人(2001)Current Protocols in Molecular Biology,第1-4卷,John Wileyand Sons,Inc.New York,NY中,其描述了在细菌细胞和DNA诱变中的克隆(第1卷)、在哺乳动物细胞和酵母中的克隆(第2卷)、糖缀合物和蛋白表达(第3卷)和生物信息学(第4卷)。
描述了用于蛋白纯化的方法,包括免疫沉淀、色谱、电泳、离心和结晶(Coligan等人(2000)Current Protocols in Protein Science,第1卷,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,New York)。描述了化学分析、化学修饰、翻译后修饰、融合蛋白的产生、蛋白的糖基化(参见例如Coligan等人(2000)Current Protocols in Protein Science,第2卷,John Wileyand Sons,Inc.,New York;Ausubel等人(2001)Current Protocols in MolecularBiology,第3卷,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,NY,NY,第16.0.5-16.22.17页;Sigma-Aldrich,Co.(2001)Products for Life Science Research,St.Louis,MO;第45-89页;Amersham Pharmacia Biotech(2001)BioDirectory,Piscataway,N.J.,第384-391页)。描述了多克隆抗体和单克隆抗体的生产、纯化和片段化(Coligan等人(2001)CurrentProtocols in Immunology,第1卷,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,New York;Harlow和Lane(1999)Using Antibodies,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,Cold SpringHarbor,NY;Harlow和Lane,同上)。用于表征配体/受体相互作用的标准技术是可获得的(参见例如Coligan等人(2001)Current Protocols in Immunology,第4卷,John Wiley,Inc.,New York)。
可以制备单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体和人源化抗体(参见例如Sheperd和Dean(编辑)(2000)Monoclonal Antibodies,Oxford Univ.Press,New York,NY;Kontermann和Dubel(编辑)(2001)Antibody Engineering,Springer-Verlag,New York;Harlow和Lane(1988)Antibodies A Laboratory Manual,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,ColdSpring Harbor,NY,第139-243页;Carpenter等人(2000)J.Immunol.165:6205;He等人(1998)J.Immunol.160:1029;Tang等人(1999)J.Biol.Chem.274:27371-27378;Baca等人(1997)J.Biol.Chem.272:10678-10684;Chothia等人(1989)Nature 342:877-883;Foote和Winter(1992)J.Mol.Biol.224:487-499;美国专利号6,329,511)。
人源化的替代方法是使用展示在噬菌体上的人抗体库或转基因小鼠中的人抗体库(Vaughan等人(1996)Nature Biotechnol.14:309-314;Barbas(1995)Nature Medicine1:837-839;Mendez等人(1997)Nature Genetics 15:146-156;Hoogenboom和Chames(2000)Immunol.Today 21:371-377;Barbas等人(2001)Phage Display:A Laboratory Manual,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,Cold Spring Harbor,New York;Kay等人(1996)Phage Display of Peptides and Proteins:A Laboratory Manual,Academic Press,SanDiego,CA;de Bruin等人(1999)Nature Biotechnol.17:397-399)。
抗原的纯化对于抗体产生不是必需的。可以用携带目标抗原的细胞对动物进行免疫。然后可以从免疫动物中分离脾细胞,并且脾细胞可以与骨髓瘤细胞系融合以产生杂交瘤(参见例如Meyaard等人(1997)Immunity 7:283-290;Wright等人(2000)Immunity 13:233-242;Preston等人,同上;Kaithamana等人(1999)J.Immunol.163:5157-5164)。
抗体可以例如与小药物分子、酶、脂质体、聚乙二醇(PEG)缀合。抗体可用于治疗、诊断、试剂盒或其它目的,并包括例如与染料、放射性同位素、酶或金属(例如胶体金)偶联的抗体(参见例如Le Doussal等人(1991)J.Immunol.146:169-175;Gibellini等人(1998)J.Immunol.160:3891-3898;Hsing和Bishop(1999)J.Immunol.162:2804-2811;Everts等人(2002)J.Immunol.168:883-889)。
用于流式细胞术(包括荧光活化细胞分选(FACS))的方法是可获得的(参见例如Owens等人(1994)Flow Cytometry Principles for Clinical Laboratory Practice,John Wiley and Sons,Hoboken,NJ;Givan(2001)Flow Cytometry,第2版;Wiley-Liss,Hoboken,NJ;Shapiro(2003)Practical Flow Cytometry,John Wiley and Sons,Hoboken,NJ)。适于修饰核酸(包括核酸引物和探针、多肽和抗体)以便用作例如诊断试剂的荧光试剂是可获得的(Molecular Probesy(2003)Catalogue,Molecular Probes,Inc.,Eugene,OR;Sigma-Aldrich(2003)Catalogue,St.Louis,MO)。
描述了免疫系统组织学的标准方法(参见例如Muller-Harmelink(编辑)(1986)Human Thymus:Histopathology and Pathology,Springer Verlag,New York,NY;Hiatt等人(2000)Color Atlas of Histology,Lippincott,Williams,and Wilkins,Phila,PA;Louis等人(2002)Basic Histology:Text and Atlas,McGraw-Hill,New York,NY)。
用于确定例如抗原片段、前导序列、蛋白折叠、功能性结构域、糖基化位点和序列比对的软件包和数据库是可获得的(参见例如GenBank,Vector Suite(Informax,Inc,Bethesda,MD);GCG Wisconsin Package(Accelrys,Inc.,San Diego,CA);(TimeLogic Corp.,Crystal Bay,Nevada);Menne等人(2000)Bioinformatics 16:741-742;Menne等人(2000)Bioinformatics Applications Note 16:741-742;Wren等人(2002)Comput.Methods Programs Biomed.68:177-181;von Heijne(1983)Eur.J.Biochem.133:17-21;von Heijne(1986)Nucleic Acids Res.14:4683-4690)。
实施例
临床试验设计
在患有转移性三阴性乳腺癌(mTNBC)的患者或患有复发性多形性胶质母细胞瘤(rGBM)的患者中,设计了与帕博利珠单抗组合的奥伐西单抗的1b期、开放标签、安全性和耐受性研究。
这些试验的主要终点是确定药物组合的安全性和耐受性,并确立在患有mTNBC或rGBM的患者中与帕博利珠单抗组合施用的奥伐西单抗的初步推荐的2期剂量(RP2D)。
rGBM
九(9)名患有复发性多形性胶质母细胞瘤的患者参与该试验,并用与帕博利珠单抗3周的第1天(q21d)200mg结合的奥伐西单抗每周(q7d)12mg/kg或16mg/kg输注来治疗。
mTNBC
十一(11)名患有转移性三阴性乳腺癌(具有至少一个可测量的病灶的ER、PR和HER2阴性MBC)的患者参与该试验,并用与帕博利珠单抗3周的第1天(q21d)200mg周期结合的奥伐西单抗每周(q7d)12mg/kg或16mg/kg输注来治疗。患者年龄范围为39至67岁。所有11名受测试患者均为女性。五(5)名患者先前有过mTNBC的化疗(蒽环类和紫杉烷类)(其中3名患者还接受过免疫疗法)。六(6)名患者在一线转移性治疗方案(metastatic setting)下治疗。对于11名患者,在肺(7名患者)、淋巴结(6名患者)、骨(3名患者)、肝(3名患者)、脑(3名患者)以及5名患者的其它部位(肾上腺结节、皮肤、肾、胸壁和胸廓)发现转移。
此外,通过在施用药物的每第2个周期结束时和/或研究终止访问时进行的肿瘤评估来评价功效终点,诸如ORR、DCR、OS和PFS。RECIST 1.1标准用于评价功效。
临床试验的结果
rGBM
三(3)名患者接受了12mg/kg的奥伐西单抗,以及帕博利珠单抗,完成3个周期的中值(范围2-6)。六(6)名患者用16mg/kg的奥伐西单抗,以及帕博利珠单抗治疗,完成3个周期的中值(范围2-12)。
中期结果为:四(4)名患者(44%)具有病情稳定(SD)作为最佳反应。一名患者具有SD超过12个周期(目前15个周期,10个月)。在八(8)名患者中因疾病进展(PD)而停止治疗。中值总生存期(OS)为7.2个月(2.1至14.6个月)。中值无进展生存期(PFS)为1.3个月(1.2至8.3个月)。
mTNBC
五(5)名患者接受了12mg/kg的奥伐西单抗,以及帕博利珠单抗(剂量水平1)。剂量水平1是指与帕博利珠单抗3周的第1天(q21d)200mg周期结合的奥伐西单抗每周(q7d)12mg/kg输注。在剂量水平1下完成的治疗周期为1、2、12、18和6(范围1-18)。由此,5名患者完成了6个周期的中值(范围1-18)。六(6)名患者用16mg/kg的奥伐西单抗,以及帕博利珠单抗(剂量水平2)来治疗。剂量水平2是指与帕博利珠单抗3周的第1天(q21d)200mg周期结合的奥伐西单抗每周(q7d)16mg/kg输注。在剂量水平2下完成的治疗周期为2、2、8、9、14和21(范围2-21)。由此,剂量水平2下的6名患者完成了8个周期的中值(范围2-21)。
没有观察到剂量限制性毒性(DLT)。所有患者均经历了治疗突发不良事件(TEAE),在6名患者中观察到≥3级的TEAE(27起事件),其中8起事件与治疗相关,包括肺栓塞、高血压、关节痛、血栓栓塞事件、肌炎和低钠血症。八起严重不良事件(SAE)发生在5名患者中,包括肺栓塞、疾病进展、疼痛、肌炎、癫痫发作、低血压和血栓栓塞事件。表5提供了用奥伐西单抗和帕博利珠单抗治疗的患者中的治疗突发不良事件的总结。
表5.治疗突发不良事件
在施用药物的每第2个周期结束时和/或在研究终止访问时进行肿瘤评估。图1中描绘了用12mg/kg奥伐西单抗以及帕博利珠单抗治疗的四名患者的肿瘤大小由基线变化的数据。图2中描绘了用16mg/kg奥伐西单抗以及帕博利珠单抗治疗的六名患者的肿瘤大小由基线变化的数据。
四(4)名患者(36%)具有部分反应(PR)作为最佳总体反应。参见图1和2中的黑色星号。一名患者在靶病灶中具有完全反应(CR)(参见图2和图4中患者2202的数据)。由于保留的非靶病灶,因此患者2202被评估为总体部分反应(PR)。五(5)名患者具有临床益处(PR+SD≥24周)。中值无进展生存期(PFS)到2020年六月为止为4.2个月(0.5至10.7个月)。在七(7)名患者中,因疾病进展(PD)而停止治疗。四(4)名患者在数据截止时接受治疗。
图3中描绘了临床试验中十一名患者的中期结果的总结。
参加该I期临床试验的11名患者中的四(4)名在招募他们时具有肺转移性病灶。根据RECIST 1.1标准测量和评估这些病灶。作为最佳反应,在治疗开始后超过36周,这4名患者中的两(2)名患者显示出PR(部分反应),以及一(1)名患者显示出SD(病情稳定)。患者2202显示出肺中靶病灶的消失(图4),这指示靶病灶完全反应。如上所述,由于存在保留的非靶病灶,因此患者2202被评价为总体部分反应(PR)。这意味着奥伐西单抗和帕博利珠单抗的联合疗法具有降低三阴性乳腺癌中转移性肺病灶的大小或抑制疾病恶化的药理作用。临床数据显示了在mTNBC的治疗中改善的功效的完全清楚的证据。总之,奥伐西单抗和帕博利珠单抗的联合疗法在mTNBC患者中良好地耐受,其中尤其在用奥伐西单抗16mg/kg治疗的群组中观察到临床益处的明显证据。改善的功效可能指示,奥伐西单抗在肿瘤微环境(TME)中作为血管发生抑制剂和免疫调节剂起到关键作用。
本文中引用的所有参考文献均通过引用并入,其程度如同明确且分别地指示每个单独出版物、数据库条目(例如Genbank序列或GeneID条目)、专利申请或专利均通过引用并入那样。根据37C.F.R.§1.57(b)(1),申请人意在通过引用并入的声明涉及每个和每一单独的出版物、数据库条目(例如Genbank序列或GeneID条目)、专利申请或专利,其每个都根据37C.F.R.§1.57(b)(2)被清楚地标识,即使此类引用并非与通过引用并入的专门声明直接相邻。如果在说明书中包括任何通过引用并入的专门声明,则其不以任何方式削弱这种通过引用并入的一般陈述。本文中引用参考文献并非意味着承认参考文献是相关的现有技术,也不构成对这些出版物或文件的内容或日期的任何承认。在参考文献提供与本说明书中提供的定义相冲突的要求保护的术语的定义的程度上,本说明书中提供的定义应用于解释要求保护的发明。
<110> PharmAbcine Inc.
Merck, Sharp & Dohme B.V.
MSD International GmbH
Lee, Seon-Young
Lee, Weon-Sup
Yoo, Jin-San
Shim, Sang-Ryeol
<120> 用于治疗癌症患者的PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2的拮抗剂的联合疗法
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<151> 2020-09-02
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Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Val Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asn Tyr
20 25 30
Tyr Met Tyr Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met
35 40 45
Gly Gly Ile Asn Pro Ser Asn Gly Gly Thr Asn Phe Asn Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Asn Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Thr Asp Ser Ser Thr Thr Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Lys Ser Leu Gln Phe Asp Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Arg Asp Tyr Arg Phe Asp Met Gly Phe Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln
100 105 110
Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 10
<211> 447
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 重链帕博利珠单抗
<400> 10
Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Val Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asn Tyr
20 25 30
Tyr Met Tyr Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met
35 40 45
Gly Gly Ile Asn Pro Ser Asn Gly Gly Thr Asn Phe Asn Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Asn Arg Val Thr Leu Thr Thr Asp Ser Ser Thr Thr Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Lys Ser Leu Gln Phe Asp Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Arg Asp Tyr Arg Phe Asp Met Gly Phe Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln
100 105 110
Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val
115 120 125
Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Cys Ser Arg Ser Thr Ser Glu Ser Thr Ala Ala
130 135 140
Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser
145 150 155 160
Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val
165 170 175
Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro
180 185 190
Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Lys Thr Tyr Thr Cys Asn Val Asp His Lys
195 200 205
Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys Arg Val Glu Ser Lys Tyr Gly Pro
210 215 220
Pro Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Glu Phe Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val
225 230 235 240
Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr
245 250 255
Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val Asp Val Ser Gln Glu Asp Pro Glu
260 265 270
Val Gln Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp Gly Val Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys
275 280 285
Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Phe Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser
290 295 300
Val Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys
305 310 315 320
Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Gly Leu Pro Ser Ser Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile
325 330 335
Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro
340 345 350
Pro Ser Gln Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu
355 360 365
Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn
370 375 380
Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser
385 390 395 400
Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser Arg Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg
405 410 415
Trp Gln Glu Gly Asn Val Phe Ser Cys Ser Val Met His Glu Ala Leu
420 425 430
His Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser Leu Ser Leu Gly Lys
435 440 445
<210> 11
<211> 213
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 轻链纳武单抗
<400> 11
Glu Ile Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly
1 5 10 15
Glu Arg Ala Thr Leu Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Leu Ala Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Arg Leu Leu Ile
35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Ser Asn Arg Ala Thr Gly Ile Pro Ala Arg Phe Ser Gly
50 55 60
Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Glu Pro
65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Phe Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Ser Asn Trp Pro Arg
85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Val Ala Ala
100 105 110
Pro Ser Val Phe Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly
115 120 125
Thr Ala Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala
130 135 140
Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln
145 150 155 160
Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser Thr Tyr Ser Leu Ser
165 170 175
Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu Lys His Lys Val Tyr
180 185 190
Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser Ser Pro Val Thr Lys Ser
195 200 205
Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu
210
<210> 12
<211> 440
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 重链纳武单抗
<400> 12
Gln Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Val Val Gln Pro Gly Arg
1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Arg Leu Asp Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Ile Thr Phe Ser Asn Ser
20 25 30
Gly Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val
35 40 45
Ala Val Ile Trp Tyr Asp Gly Ser Lys Arg Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val
50 55 60
Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Thr Leu Phe
65 70 75 80
Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Thr Asn Asp Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser
100 105 110
Ser Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Cys Ser
115 120 125
Arg Ser Thr Ser Glu Ser Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp
130 135 140
Tyr Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr
145 150 155 160
Ser Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr
165 170 175
Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Lys
180 185 190
Thr Tyr Thr Cys Asn Val Asp His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp
195 200 205
Lys Arg Val Glu Ser Lys Tyr Gly Pro Pro Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala
210 215 220
Pro Glu Phe Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro
225 230 235 240
Lys Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val
245 250 255
Val Asp Val Ser Gln Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Gln Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val
260 265 270
Asp Gly Val Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln
275 280 285
Phe Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln
290 295 300
Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Gly
305 310 315 320
Leu Pro Ser Ser Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro
325 330 335
Arg Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Gln Glu Glu Met Thr
340 345 350
Lys Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser
355 360 365
Asp Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr
370 375 380
Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr
385 390 395 400
Ser Arg Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Glu Gly Asn Val Phe
405 410 415
Ser Cys Ser Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys
420 425 430
Ser Leu Ser Leu Ser Leu Gly Lys
435 440
<210> 13
<211> 227
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 轻链奥伐西单抗
<400> 13
Ser Gly Val Gly Ser Asn Phe Met Leu Thr Gln Pro Pro Ser Val Ser
1 5 10 15
Val Ser Pro Gly Lys Thr Ala Arg Ile Thr Cys Arg Gly Asp Asn Leu
20 25 30
Gly Asp Val Asn Val His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Arg Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro
35 40 45
Val Leu Val Met Tyr Tyr Asp Ala Asp Arg Pro Ser Gly Ile Pro Glu
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Asn Ser Gly Asn Thr Ala Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser
65 70 75 80
Gly Val Glu Ala Gly Asp Glu Ala Asp Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Val Trp Asp
85 90 95
Arg Thr Ser Glu Tyr Val Phe Gly Thr Gly Thr Lys Val Thr Val Leu
100 105 110
Gly Gly Gly Ala Ser Leu Val Glu Arg Ser Val Ala Ala Pro Ser Val
115 120 125
Phe Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly Thr Ala Ser
130 135 140
Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala Lys Val Gln
145 150 155 160
Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln Glu Ser Val
165 170 175
Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser Thr Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Thr Leu
180 185 190
Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu Lys His Lys Val Tyr Ala Cys Glu
195 200 205
Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser Ser Pro Val Thr Lys Ser Phe Asn Arg
210 215 220
Gly Glu Cys
225
<210> 14
<211> 462
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 重链奥伐西单抗
<400> 14
Ala Gln Pro Ala Met Ala Gln Met Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu
1 5 10 15
Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly
20 25 30
Tyr Thr Phe Ser Ser Tyr Trp Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
35 40 45
Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Met Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Gly Asn Gly His Thr
50 55 60
Asn Tyr Asn Glu Lys Phe Lys Ser Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Val Asp Lys
65 70 75 80
Ser Ala Ser Thr Ala Tyr Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp
85 90 95
Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Lys Ile Trp Gly Pro Ser Leu Thr Ser
100 105 110
Pro Phe Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser Gly
115 120 125
Leu Gly Gly Leu Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala
130 135 140
Pro Ser Ser Lys Ser Thr Ser Gly Gly Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu
145 150 155 160
Val Lys Asp Tyr Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly
165 170 175
Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val Leu Gln Ser Ser
180 185 190
Gly Leu Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu
195 200 205
Gly Thr Gln Thr Tyr Ile Cys Asn Val Asn His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr
210 215 220
Lys Val Asp Lys Lys Val Glu Pro Lys Ser Cys Asp Lys Thr His Thr
225 230 235 240
Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Glu Leu Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe
245 250 255
Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro
260 265 270
Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val Asp Val Ser His Glu Asp Pro Glu Val
275 280 285
Lys Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp Gly Val Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr
290 295 300
Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val
305 310 315 320
Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys
325 330 335
Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Pro Ala Pro Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser
340 345 350
Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro
355 360 365
Ser Arg Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val
370 375 380
Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly
385 390 395 400
Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp
405 410 415
Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp
420 425 430
Gln Gln Gly Asn Val Phe Ser Cys Ser Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His
435 440 445
Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly Lys
450 455 460
<210> 15
<211> 108
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> LC可变区奥伐西单抗
<400> 15
Asn Phe Met Leu Thr Gln Pro Pro Ser Val Ser Val Ser Pro Gly Lys
1 5 10 15
Thr Ala Arg Ile Thr Cys Arg Gly Asp Asn Leu Gly Asp Val Asn Val
20 25 30
His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Arg Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Val Leu Val Met Tyr
35 40 45
Tyr Asp Ala Asp Arg Pro Ser Gly Ile Pro Glu Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser
50 55 60
Asn Ser Gly Asn Thr Ala Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Glu Ala Gly
65 70 75 80
Asp Glu Ala Asp Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Val Trp Asp Arg Thr Ser Glu Tyr
85 90 95
Val Phe Gly Thr Gly Thr Lys Val Thr Val Leu Gly
100 105
<210> 16
<211> 121
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> HC可变区奥伐西单抗
<400> 16
Gln Met Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Leu Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Ser Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Trp Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Arg Leu Glu Trp Met
35 40 45
Gly Glu Ile Asn Pro Gly Asn Gly His Thr Asn Tyr Asn Glu Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Ser Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ala Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Lys Ile Trp Gly Pro Ser Leu Thr Ser Pro Phe Asp Tyr Trp Gly
100 105 110
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 17
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> CDR-L1奥伐西单抗
<400> 17
Arg Gly Asp Asn Leu Gly Asp Val Asn Val His
1 5 10
<210> 18
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> CDR-L2奥伐西单抗
<400> 18
Tyr Asp Ala Asp Arg Pro Ser
1 5
<210> 19
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> CDR-L3奥伐西单抗
<400> 19
Gln Val Trp Asp Arg Thr Ser Glu Tyr Val
1 5 10
<210> 20
<211> 5
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> CDR-H1奥伐西单抗
<400> 20
Ser Tyr Trp Met His
1 5
<210> 21
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> CDR-H2奥伐西单抗
<400> 21
Glu Ile Asn Pro Gly Asn Gly His Thr Asn Tyr Asn Glu Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Ser
<210> 22
<211> 12
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> CDR-H3奥伐西单抗
<400> 22
Ile Trp Gly Pro Ser Leu Thr Ser Pro Phe Asp Tyr
1 5 10
<210> 23
<211> 327
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<220>
<221> MISC_FEATURE
<222> (1)..(327)
<223> Uniprot检索号P35968的氨基酸1-327
<400> 23
Met Gln Ser Lys Val Leu Leu Ala Val Ala Leu Trp Leu Cys Val Glu
1 5 10 15
Thr Arg Ala Ala Ser Val Gly Leu Pro Ser Val Ser Leu Asp Leu Pro
20 25 30
Arg Leu Ser Ile Gln Lys Asp Ile Leu Thr Ile Lys Ala Asn Thr Thr
35 40 45
Leu Gln Ile Thr Cys Arg Gly Gln Arg Asp Leu Asp Trp Leu Trp Pro
50 55 60
Asn Asn Gln Ser Gly Ser Glu Gln Arg Val Glu Val Thr Glu Cys Ser
65 70 75 80
Asp Gly Leu Phe Cys Lys Thr Leu Thr Ile Pro Lys Val Ile Gly Asn
85 90 95
Asp Thr Gly Ala Tyr Lys Cys Phe Tyr Arg Glu Thr Asp Leu Ala Ser
100 105 110
Val Ile Tyr Val Tyr Val Gln Asp Tyr Arg Ser Pro Phe Ile Ala Ser
115 120 125
Val Ser Asp Gln His Gly Val Val Tyr Ile Thr Glu Asn Lys Asn Lys
130 135 140
Thr Val Val Ile Pro Cys Leu Gly Ser Ile Ser Asn Leu Asn Val Ser
145 150 155 160
Leu Cys Ala Arg Tyr Pro Glu Lys Arg Phe Val Pro Asp Gly Asn Arg
165 170 175
Ile Ser Trp Asp Ser Lys Lys Gly Phe Thr Ile Pro Ser Tyr Met Ile
180 185 190
Ser Tyr Ala Gly Met Val Phe Cys Glu Ala Lys Ile Asn Asp Glu Ser
195 200 205
Tyr Gln Ser Ile Met Tyr Ile Val Val Val Val Gly Tyr Arg Ile Tyr
210 215 220
Asp Val Val Leu Ser Pro Ser His Gly Ile Glu Leu Ser Val Gly Glu
225 230 235 240
Lys Leu Val Leu Asn Cys Thr Ala Arg Thr Glu Leu Asn Val Gly Ile
245 250 255
Asp Phe Asn Trp Glu Tyr Pro Ser Ser Lys His Gln His Lys Lys Leu
260 265 270
Val Asn Arg Asp Leu Lys Thr Gln Ser Gly Ser Glu Met Lys Lys Phe
275 280 285
Leu Ser Thr Leu Thr Ile Asp Gly Val Thr Arg Ser Asp Gln Gly Leu
290 295 300
Tyr Thr Cys Ala Ala Ser Ser Gly Leu Met Thr Lys Lys Asn Ser Thr
305 310 315 320
Phe Val Arg Val His Glu Lys
325
Claims (26)
1.一种用于在个体中治疗癌症的方法,其包括向所述个体施用PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂。
2.权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段。
3.权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述个体是人,且所述PD-1拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其特异性结合人PD-1并阻断人PD-L1与人PD-1的结合。
4.权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂还阻断人PD-L2与人PD-1的结合。
5.权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是抗PD-1抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含:(a)包含分别为SEQ ID NO:1、2和3的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的轻链可变区,和(b)包含分别为SEQ ID NO:6、7和8的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的重链可变区。
6.权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1抗体,并且其中所述重链包含含有SEQ ID NO:9的重链可变区,而所述轻链包含含有SEQ ID NO:4的轻链可变区。
7.权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1抗体,并且其中所述重链包含SEQ ID NO:10而所述轻链包含SEQ ID NO:5。
8.权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是帕博利珠单抗(pembrolizumab)。
9.权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是帕博利珠单抗变体。
10.权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是纳武单抗(nivolumab)。
11.权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法,其中所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段,其阻断VEGFR-2与VEGF的结合。
12.权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法,其中所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是抗体或其抗原结合片段,其包含:(a)包含分别为SEQ ID NO:17、18和19的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的轻链可变区,和(b)包含分别为SEQ ID NO:20、21和22的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的重链可变区。
13.权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法,其中所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗VEGFR-2单克隆抗体,并且其中所述重链包含含有SEQ ID NO:16的重链可变区而所述轻链包含含有SEQ ID NO:15的轻链可变区。
14.权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法,其中所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中所述重链包含SEQ ID NO:14而所述轻链包含SEQ ID NO:13。
15.权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法,其中所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是奥伐西单抗(olinvacimab)或奥伐西单抗变体。
16.权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法,其中所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是雷莫芦单抗(ramucirumab)。
17.权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的人源化抗PD-1抗体,并且其中所述重链包含含有分别为SEQ ID NO:6、7和8的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的重链可变区,而所述轻链包含含有分别为SEQ ID NO:1、2和3的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的轻链可变区;并且所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的人源化抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中所述重链包含含有分别为SEQ ID NO:20、21和22的重链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的重链可变区,而所述轻链包含含有分别为SEQ ID NO:17、18和19的轻链CDR1、CDR2和CDR3的轻链可变区。
18.权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1抗体,并且其中所述重链包含含有SEQ ID NO:9的重链可变区而所述轻链包含含有SEQ ID NO:4的轻链可变区;并且所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中所述重链包含含有SEQ ID NO:16的重链可变区而所述轻链包含含有SEQ ID NO:15的轻链可变区。
19.权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗PD-1抗体,并且其中所述重链包含SEQ ID NO:10而所述轻链包含SEQ ID NO:5;并且所述VEGFR-2拮抗剂是包含重链和轻链的抗VEGFR-2抗体,并且其中所述重链包含SEQ ID NO:14而所述轻链包含SEQ ID NO:13。
20.权利要求1至19任一项所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂共同配制。
21.权利要求1至19任一项所述的方法,其中所述PD-1拮抗剂和VEGFR-2拮抗剂共同施用。
22.权利要求1至21任一项所述的方法,其中所述个体先前未用抗PD-1或抗PD-L1疗法治疗,或在接受在先抗PD-1疗法时证实为进展性的。
23.权利要求1所述的方法,其中200mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每三周的第1天通过IV输注施用,并且16mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注施用。
24.权利要求1所述的方法,其中对于静脉内输注,400mg帕博利珠单抗或帕博利珠单抗变体在每六周的第1天施用,并且16mg/kg奥伐西单抗或奥伐西单抗变体在每周的第1天通过IV输注施用。
25.权利要求1-24任一项所述的方法,其中所述癌症是三阴性乳腺癌。
26.权利要求1-24任一项所述的方法,其中所述癌症是转移性三阴性乳腺癌。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US63/073512 | 2020-09-02 | ||
US202063122321P | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | |
US63/122321 | 2020-12-07 | ||
PCT/IB2021/058043 WO2022049526A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Combination therapy of a pd-1 antagonist and an antagonist for vegfr-2 for treating patients with cancer |
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CN116806226A true CN116806226A (zh) | 2023-09-26 |
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CN202180074342.6A Pending CN116806226A (zh) | 2020-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | 用于治疗癌症患者的pd-1拮抗剂和vegfr-2的拮抗剂的联合疗法 |
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