CN116791608A - Electric control type diesel pile driver - Google Patents
Electric control type diesel pile driver Download PDFInfo
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- CN116791608A CN116791608A CN202310944981.4A CN202310944981A CN116791608A CN 116791608 A CN116791608 A CN 116791608A CN 202310944981 A CN202310944981 A CN 202310944981A CN 116791608 A CN116791608 A CN 116791608A
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- electromagnetic valve
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- fuel
- way electromagnetic
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 210
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 50
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 50
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010724 circulating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/02—Placing by driving
- E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
- E02D7/12—Drivers with explosion chambers
- E02D7/125—Diesel drivers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/02—Placing by driving
- E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
- E02D7/14—Components for drivers inasmuch as not specially for a specific driver construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/401—Controlling injection timing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric control type diesel pile driver which comprises a guide rod, a top cross beam and a piston, wherein an electric control fuel system and an electric control unit are arranged on the piston, and a first position sensor and a second position sensor are arranged on the outer side of the piston; the electric control fuel system comprises a fuel pump assembly, a fuel nozzle assembly and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, wherein an oil outlet of the fuel pump assembly is communicated with a pressure oil port P of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, a working oil port A of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with an oil inlet of the fuel nozzle assembly, and an oil return port T of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the fuel tank; the electric control unit is electrically connected with the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve. The first position sensor and the uppermost piston ring of the piston body are positioned on the same plane. The second position sensor is positioned on the same plane with the contact point of the impact pin and the crank arm. The diesel pile driver can adjust the starting moment of injection control and the pulse width of injection control according to working conditions, and fuel oil can be injected into a cylinder at the optimal moment, so that the automatic and accurate control of the fuel injection quantity and the fuel injection timing is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a piling machine for building engineering foundation construction, in particular to a guide rod type diesel pile driver capable of electrically adjusting and controlling oil supply.
Technical Field
The guide rod type diesel pile driver is one pile driver machine with two-stroke internal combustion engine principle, and consists of cylinder and plunger, and the cylinder is driven by the powerful pressure produced by the high pressure and high temperature post-explosion of atomized diesel oil sprayed into the combustion chamber of the cylinder. The pile driver has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance and stable performance, is widely applied to pile type construction such as wooden piles, metal piles, concrete precast piles, soil piles, cast-in-place piles, rammed-in piles and the like, and is the most ideal equipment for foundation pile construction such as ports, wharfs, airports, bridges, water conservancy, high-grade highways, high-rise buildings and the like.
Compared with the diesel pile driver which belongs to the hammering type pile driver and also belongs to the hydraulic pile driver, the diesel pile driver has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, soft pile effect, difficult pile damage and the like; however, the diesel pile driver has the problems of vibration, high noise, low diesel injection pressure, poor atomization, insufficient in-cylinder combustion, black smoke, greasy dirt and other environmental pollution in the working process, and limits the application of the diesel pile hammer. Meanwhile, when the diesel pile driver works, workers need to manually pull the adjusting lever to adjust the oil injection quantity so as to adapt to different working condition requirements, and abundant engineering experience is needed in the adjusting process. The mechanical oil quantity control mode increases the labor cost of the diesel pile driver, and the oil quantity control is not accurate and flexible enough. Under the background, the invention designs an electric control fuel system based on a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve for the diesel pile driver, and provides an implementation path for electric control of the diesel pile driver.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of an electric control type diesel pile driver capable of realizing automatic and accurate control of oil injection quantity and oil injection timing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the electric control diesel pile driver comprises two guide rods which are arranged in parallel, wherein a top cross beam is fixedly arranged at the upper end of each guide rod, the lower end of each guide rod is fixedly connected with a piston, a cylinder hammer is slidably supported on each guide rod, an electric control fuel system and an electric control unit are arranged on each piston, and a first position sensor and a second position sensor are arranged on the outer side of each piston; the electric control fuel system comprises a fuel pump assembly, a fuel nozzle assembly and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, wherein an oil outlet of the fuel pump assembly is communicated with a pressure oil port P of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, a working oil port A of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with an oil inlet of the fuel nozzle assembly, and an oil return port T of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the fuel tank; the electric control unit is electrically connected with the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve.
Further, the first position sensor and the second position sensor are fixedly arranged on a sensor bracket, and the sensor bracket is fixedly connected with the top beam and/or the piston.
Further, an oil outlet of the fuel pump assembly is connected to a pressure oil port P of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve through an electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe, a working oil port A of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected to an oil inlet of the fuel spray nozzle assembly through an electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe, and an oil return port T of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected to an oil tank through an electromagnetic valve oil return pipe).
Further, the piston comprises a piston seat and a piston body which are connected into a whole, an oil tank is arranged on the piston seat, and a piston ring is sleeved on the cylindrical surface of the piston body.
Further, the first position sensor and the uppermost piston ring of the piston body are positioned on the same plane.
Further, the fuel pump assembly includes a plunger movably supported on the fuel pump body and a tappet movably supported on the fuel pump upper body), one end of a crank arm hinged on the plunger contacts with the tappet, the other end of the crank arm corresponds to a striker pin fixedly mounted on the cylinder hammer.
Further, the second position sensor is located on the same plane with the contact point of the impact pin and the crank arm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. according to the invention, the position sensor is adopted to detect the characteristic position of the dropping of the cylinder hammer, and the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) enables the high-pressure diesel pumped by the fuel pump to be sprayed into the cylinder at the optimal moment of theoretical calculation according to the signal of the position sensor, so that the combustion condition in the cylinder is effectively improved, the emission of pollutants is reduced, the maximum explosion pressure in the cylinder is improved, the piling efficiency is improved, and the fuel consumption is reduced. 2. The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) can further determine the time length of maintaining the injection state of the electromagnetic valve by adjusting the injection control pulse width, and the oil quantity of the injection cylinder is controlled by the time length, so that the automatic and accurate control of the oil quantity and the oil injection timing is realized, the oil quantity control is more accurate compared with the manual pulling of the oil quantity adjusting lever, and the input cost of human resources is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of one embodiment of an electronically controlled diesel pile driver according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the back structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the electric control oil supply system in the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The electronically controlled diesel pile driver according to the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the electric control type diesel pile driver comprises a sensor bracket 1, a landing gear 2, a first position sensor 3, a second position sensor 4, a piston 5, a top beam 6, a guide rod 7, a landing gear lifting pulley 8, a cylinder hammer 9, an electric control fuel system 10 and an electric control unit 11. The top beam 6 and the piston 5 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the guide rod 7, the cylinder hammer 9 and the landing gear 2 are arranged on the guide rod 7 in a sliding manner, and the landing gear 2 is positioned above the cylinder hammer 9 and is provided with a lifting hook. A landing gear lifting pulley 8 is arranged above the landing gear 2, and when the pile driver is started, the winch can lift the cylinder hammer 9 through a steel rope and the landing gear lifting pulley 8. The sensor bracket 1 is positioned on one side of the guide rod 7 and is fixedly connected to the top beam 6 through a connecting plate. The first position sensor 3 and the second position sensor 4 are both arranged on the sensor bracket 1, the first position sensor 3 is horizontally aligned with a first piston ring of a piston body of the piston 5, the piston 5 comprises a piston seat and a piston body which are cast into a whole, and a piston ring is sleeved on the cylindrical surface of the piston body; i.e. the first position sensor 3 is in the same plane as the uppermost piston ring of the piston body 5. The second position sensor 4 is horizontally aligned with the position just contacting the crank arm 32 (the oil amount adjusting lever is at the maximum oil amount position) during the falling process of the striker pin 23, that is, the contact point of the second position sensor 4 with the striker pin 23 and the crank arm 32 is on the same plane. The electronic control unit 11 fixedly arranged on the piston 5 can judge the movement direction of the cylinder hammer 9 according to the sequence received by the signals of the two position sensors; the electronic control unit 11 is a commonly used Electronic Control Unit (ECU), such as an ECU for an engine integrated control device, and the ECU can calculate, process, judge and then output instructions to various information input by various sensors of the engine according to a program stored in the ECU, so as to control the action of related actuators, thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly, accurately and automatically controlling the engine to work.
The electronically controlled fuel system 10 includes a fuel pump assembly, a fuel injector assembly, and a two-position three-way solenoid valve 21. The fuel pump component and the fuel spray nozzle component adopt the general structure on the existing diesel hammer, the fuel pump part of the fuel pump component is positioned outside the piston 5, the nozzle part of the fuel spray nozzle component is positioned inside the piston 5, the structures are also the general structure on the existing diesel hammer, the electric control unit 11 is arranged on the piston 5 and positioned at the opposite side of the fuel pump.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit structure of the electronically controlled fuel system 10. The oil nozzle assembly comprises an orifice 12, an oil nozzle 13, an oil-spraying way 14, an oil-spraying nozzle oil-inlet way 15, an oil-spraying nozzle seat 16, a pipe joint 17 and a connecting nut 18, wherein the outer end of the pipe joint 17 is an oil inlet. The fuel pump assembly comprises an impact pin 23, an upper oil pump body 24, a plunger spring cover 25, a plunger spring 26, an oil pump body 27, an oil outlet valve return spring 28, a middle block 29, a lower seat 30, a flat joint 31, a crank arm 32, a tappet 33, a plunger 34, an oil inlet path 35 of the oil pump, a plunger cavity 36, an oil outlet valve 37, an oil outlet valve cavity 38, an oil outlet valve return spring seat 39, an oil outlet valve outlet path 40, an oil outlet path 41 of the oil pump, an oil outlet bolt 42, an oil quantity adjusting lever and an eccentric shaft; the striker pin 23 is fixedly mounted on the cylinder hammer 9. The two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is of a general structure. An oil outlet of the fuel pump assembly is communicated with a pressure oil port P of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 through an electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22, and is positioned on the flat joint 31; the working oil port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is led to the oil inlet of the oil nozzle assembly through an electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19, and the oil return port T of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is connected to the oil tank through an electromagnetic valve oil return pipe 20; the oil tank is arranged on a piston seat of the piston 5. The electric control unit 11 is electrically connected with a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21.
The oil nozzle 13, the oil nozzle seat 16, the pipe joint 17, the connecting nut 18 and the electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19 of the oil nozzle assembly are arranged from top to bottom, the top of the oil nozzle 13 is provided with the spray hole 12, the oil nozzle seat 16 and the pipe joint 17 are connected through threads, the connecting nut 18 and the oil nozzle seat 16 are fastened through threads, and the pipe joint 17 is pressed on the oil nozzle seat 16; the inside of the oil nozzle seat 16 is provided with an oil nozzle oil inlet path 15, the upper end of the oil nozzle seat is communicated with the spray hole 12 through an oil nozzle path 14 in the oil nozzle 13, and the lower end of the oil nozzle seat is communicated with an electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19 through a pipe joint 17.
The striking pin 23 of the fuel pump assembly is arranged on the cylinder hammer 9 through threads, the crank arm 32 is arranged on the piston 5 through an eccentric shaft, the oil quantity adjusting lever is arranged on the eccentric shaft, the oil quantity adjusting lever can drive the eccentric shaft to rotate around the axle center of the large shaft, and the crank arm 32 rotates around the axle center of the small shaft of the eccentric shaft; the upper oil pump body 24, the plunger spring cover 25, the oil pump body 27, the middle block 29, the lower seat 30, the flat joint 31 and the oil outlet bolt 42 are arranged from top to bottom, the oil outlet bolt 42 is connected with the lower seat 30 and the flat joint 31 through threads, and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is connected with the flat joint 31 through an electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22; inside the oil pump, a tappet 33, a plunger 34, a plunger spring 26, an oil outlet valve 37, an oil outlet valve return spring 28 and an oil outlet valve return spring seat 39 are arranged from top to bottom, under the action of the plunger spring 26, a plunger spring cover 25 drives the plunger 34 to press the tappet 33 on the upper body 24 of the oil pump, the upper end of the tappet 33 is tightly attached to a crank arm 32, and the oil outlet valve 37 is pressed on an oil pump body 27 by the oil outlet valve return spring 28 to form conical surface sealing; the two sides of the oil pump body 27 are provided with oil pump inlet passages 35, the lower end surfaces of the oil pump body 27, the plunger 34 and the upper end surface of the oil outlet valve 37 form a plunger cavity 36, when the plunger 34 is pressed by the plunger spring 26, the plunger cavity 36 is communicated with an oil tank through the oil pump inlet passages 35, an oil outlet valve cavity 38 is formed among the middle block 29, the lower section of the oil outlet valve 37 and the oil outlet valve reset spring seat 39, and the oil outlet valve reset spring seat 39 is internally provided with an oil outlet valve outlet passage 40 and is always communicated with the oil outlet valve cavity 38. The lower oil pump seat 30 is connected with the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 through an oil outlet bolt 42 and a flat joint 31, an oil pump oil outlet path 41 is arranged in the oil outlet bolt 42, and the oil pump lower seat is always communicated with the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 through the flat joint 31.
The one-inlet two-outlet two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is connected with three oil pipes of an electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22, an electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19 and an electromagnetic valve oil return pipe 20, and has two working positions of an injection state and an oil return state. Diesel oil flows in from the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22, and when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is in an injection state, the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 is communicated with the electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19; when the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is in an oil return state, the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 is communicated with the electromagnetic valve oil return pipe 20.
The specific working process of the electric control diesel pile driver is as follows:
before the pile driver starts, the landing gear 2 descends along the guide rod, meanwhile, the lifting hook below the landing gear 2 hooks the cylinder hammer 9, and then the hoisting machine lifts the landing gear 2 and the cylinder hammer 9 through the landing gear lifting pulley 8, so that the preparation work for starting the pile driver is completed. When the pile driver is started, an external force triggers a unhooking lever on the landing gear 2 to separate a lifting hook of the landing gear 2 from the cylinder hammer 9, the cylinder hammer 9 freely falls down along the guide rod 7 until a cylinder in the cylinder hammer 9 covers the piston 5, air in the cylinder is sealed by a piston ring, and the temperature and the pressure of the air rise along with the falling compression of the cylinder hammer 9. The cylinder hammer 9 continues to fall, the impact pin 23 collides with the crank arm 32, the crank arm 32 rotates for a certain angle, meanwhile, the tappet 33 and the plunger 34 are compressed for oil supply, high-pressure diesel oil is atomized through the spray hole 12 and then sprayed into the cylinder, at the moment, the temperature in the cylinder is higher than the spontaneous combustion temperature of the diesel oil, the diesel oil sprayed into the cylinder is automatically ignited for combustion, a large amount of heat is discharged by combustion, so that the pressure and the temperature of gas in the cylinder are rapidly increased, the piston 5 is separated from the cylinder hammer 9 by huge impact force, the piston 5 moves downwards to send piles, the cylinder hammer 9 moves upwards along the guide rod 7 in a decelerating manner under the action of self gravity and friction force, and after the highest displacement is reached, the diesel oil falls freely again, and the next working cycle is started. When the pile driver needs to stop working, only the fuel injection is needed, the pressure of the gas in the cylinder only rises under the compression action of the cylinder hammer 9, so that the rising height of the cylinder hammer 9 after being separated from the piston 5 is greatly reduced, and the rising height of the cylinder hammer 9 per cycle is lower and lower along with the leakage of the air in the cylinder from the piston ring, the energy loss of friction and the like, and finally the cylinder hammer 9 is stopped on the piston 5.
The electric control type diesel pile driver can control the on-off of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 through the first position sensor 3, the second position sensor 4 and the electric control unit 11, and realizes the precise and flexible control of the circulating oil injection quantity and the oil injection timing. The specific working principle of the fuel system is as follows:
before the pile driver is started, the initial position of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is in an oil return state, and an electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 is communicated with an electromagnetic valve oil return pipe 20; the plunger spring 26 presses the plunger 34 to the lower end of the tappet 33 through the plunger spring cover 25, at this time, the plunger cavity 36 is opened, diesel oil in the oil tank flows into the plunger cavity 36 through the oil pump inlet passage 35, hydraulic pressure of unpressurized diesel oil in the plunger cavity 36 applied to the upper surface of the oil outlet valve 37 is smaller than the upward spring force of the oil outlet valve return spring 28, so that the oil outlet valve 37 is pressed on the oil pump body 27 to form conical surface seal, and the plunger cavity 36 is disconnected from the oil outlet valve cavity 38. After the pile driver is started, the cylinder hammer 9 freely falls, the piston 5 is sealed, and the position sensor a3 detects a displacement signal of the cylinder hammer 9; and then the plunger continues to fall, the position sensor b4 detects the displacement signal of the striking pin 23, the striking pin 23 arranged on the cylinder hammer 9 collides with the crank arm 32, the crank arm 32 rotates around the small shaft center of the eccentric shaft, and the tappet 33, the plunger 34 and the plunger spring cover are pressed down against the upward spring force of the plunger spring 26. In the descending process of the plunger 34, the connection between the oil pump oil inlet path 35 and the plunger cavity 36 is firstly disconnected, oil inlet is stopped, then the plunger 34 continues to descend to compress diesel oil in the plunger cavity 36, the pressure of the diesel oil in the plunger cavity 36 is rapidly increased until the hydraulic pressure born by the upper surface of the oil outlet valve 37 is larger than the upward spring force of the oil outlet valve return spring 28, the oil outlet valve 37 is opened under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the oil pump starts to supply oil, and high-pressure diesel oil in the plunger cavity 36 flows into the oil outlet valve cavity 38 through the oil outlet valve 37 and enters the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 through the oil outlet valve oil outlet path 40 and the oil pump oil outlet path 41.
The electronic control unit 11 judges the movement direction of the cylinder hammer 9 according to the sequence that the first position sensor 3 and the second position sensor 4 receive the displacement signals, if the cylinder hammer 9 is in a descending state, the ECU11 takes the moment when the first position sensor 3 detects the displacement signal of the cylinder hammer 9 as a compression starting point, and the moment when the second position sensor 4 detects the displacement signal of the impact pin 23 as a plunger 34 to start pressurization; if the cylinder hammer 9 is in the up state, the signals detected by the first position sensor 3 and the second position sensor 4 are not used as reference signals of the electronic control unit 11.
Under the working condition of the maximum fuel injection quantity, the electronic control unit 11 sends an injection command signal at the moment when the plunger 34 starts to boost, so that the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is switched from the oil return state to the injection state, the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 is disconnected from the electromagnetic valve oil return pipe 20 and is communicated with the electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19, pressurized diesel enters the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 from the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22, leaves the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 from the electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19 to enter a nozzle, flows into the fuel injection nozzle oil inlet path 15, and finally is injected into the cylinder from the injection hole 12 through the fuel injection path 14 for combustion. After the plunger 34 reaches the maximum stroke position, the downward compressed diesel is not pressurized, the pressure in the plunger cavity 36 is rapidly reduced because the pressurized diesel is continuously sprayed out from the spray hole 12, the hydraulic pressure acting on the upper surface of the oil outlet valve 37 is reduced, the oil outlet valve 37 is reset under the force of the upward oil outlet valve reset spring 28, a conical seal is formed with the bottom surface of the oil pump body 27, the plunger cavity 36 is disconnected from the oil outlet valve cavity 38, and the oil pump stops supplying oil. After the oil pump stops supplying oil, the electric control unit 11 sends out an oil return command signal to switch the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 from the injection state to the oil return state, the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 and the electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19 are disconnected, and the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 20 is communicated with the electromagnetic valve oil return pipe for preparing for the next injection. The impact force generated by combustion in the cylinder drives the cylinder hammer 9 to move upwards, the impact pin 23 is separated from the crank arm 32, the plunger spring cover 25, the plunger 34 and the tappet 33 are reset upwards under the action of the force of the plunger spring 26, the plunger 34 reopens the oil pump oil inlet path 35, the pressure of diesel oil in the plunger cavity 36 is further reduced, the diesel oil in the oil tank enters the plunger cavity 36 through the oil pump oil inlet path 35, oil suction is completed, and one complete working cycle of the pile driver is finished. Because the delays of control signals, hydraulic response time, electromagnetic valve response time and the like are extremely short, the control signals, the hydraulic response time, the electromagnetic valve response time and the like are not considered in the description of the working process principle under the working condition of the maximum oil injection quantity, and the control signals, the hydraulic response time, the electromagnetic valve response time and the like can be solved through calibration in practical engineering application.
The timing at which the electronic control unit 11 issues the injection command signal is defined as the injection control start timing, and the time interval between the issuance of the injection command signal and the issuance of the oil return command signal is defined as the injection control pulse width.
Under the working condition of partial oil quantity, the electronic control unit 11 can delay injection by adjusting the injection control starting time, takes a compression starting point signal detected by the first position sensor 3 as a reference, and performs theoretical calculation to enable high-pressure diesel oil to be injected at the optimal time in the compression process of the cylinder, so that combustion in the cylinder is optimized, and the maximum explosion pressure is improved; the electronic control unit 11 can also change the duration of oil injection by adjusting the pulse width of injection control, so that the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 21 is switched to an oil return state before the oil pump stops supplying oil, under the working condition, the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 and the electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe 19 are disconnected before the oil pump stops supplying oil, so that the oil supply amount of one cycle of the oil pump is not completely injected into the cylinder, and when the electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe 22 is communicated with the electromagnetic valve oil return pipe 20, the oil pump is still supplying oil, and then the part of redundant diesel oil flows back to the oil tank through the electromagnetic valve oil return pipe 20. By calibration, the cyclic injection quantity corresponding to different injection control start time and injection control pulse width can be obtained, and the MAP of the injection control start time, the injection control pulse width and the cyclic injection quantity is drawn, and the electronic control unit 11 can accurately control the cyclic injection quantity according to the calibrated MAP.
The crank arm 32 and the oil quantity adjusting lever are both arranged on the eccentric shaft, when the traditional guide rod type diesel pile driver adjusts the oil quantity, the oil quantity adjusting lever is required to be manually adjusted, so that the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate around the axle center of the large shaft by a certain angle, meanwhile, the position of the small axle center of the eccentric shaft is offset, the position relation between the impact pin 23 and the crank arm 32 is changed, the falling displacement of the tappet 33, the plunger 34 and the plunger spring cover 25 in the impact process is further adjusted, the compression quantity of diesel oil in the plunger cavity 36 is changed, the functions of adjusting the boosting pressure and the oil supply quantity of the oil pump are achieved, and the adjustment of the oil quantity is realized. As can be seen from the above working principle, the electric control type diesel pile driver of the present invention is different from the conventional guide rod type diesel pile driver in that: in the working process of the electric control type pile driver, the oil quantity adjusting lever is fixed at the maximum oil supply quantity position, the injection control is controlled by adjusting the injection control starting time and the injection control pulse width by the electric control unit 11, so that the injection timing can be flexibly changed, high-pressure diesel oil is injected into the cylinder at the optimal time, the combustion is improved, the pollutant emission is reduced, the pile driver works more cleanly, the maximum explosion pressure is improved, the impact force generated by the combustion is stronger, the pile driving efficiency is improved, the oil consumption is reduced, and the defect that the injection timing of the traditional guide rod type diesel pile driver cannot be flexibly adjusted is overcome; the fuel injection control pulse width can be changed according to the MAP, the circulating fuel injection quantity can be accurately controlled, the fuel injection control device is suitable for different working conditions, the fuel quantity adjusting lever is not required to be pulled by manpower, the fuel quantity is controlled by means of engineering experience, the manpower resource cost is reduced, and meanwhile more accurate intelligent control is realized.
The above embodiment illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and some changes may be made without departing from the basic principles of the present invention, such as: the electric control fuel system actuator can be two switch electromagnetic valves besides a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, and is respectively arranged on an electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe and an electromagnetic valve oil return pipe. Therefore, the structure that the actuator only uses the electromagnetic valve to switch the injection state and the oil return state of the fuel system falls into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an automatically controlled formula diesel pile driver, includes two guide arms (7) that are parallel to each other, has top crossbeam (6) at the upper end of guide arm (7), and the lower extreme fixedly connected with piston (5) of guide arm (7), jar hammer (9) slide support on guide arm (7), its characterized in that: an electric control fuel system (10) and an electric control unit (11) are arranged on the piston (5), and a first position sensor (3) and a second position sensor (4) are arranged on the outer side of the piston (5); the electric control fuel system (10) comprises a fuel pump assembly, a fuel nozzle assembly and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (21), wherein an oil outlet of the fuel pump assembly is communicated with a pressure oil port P of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (21), a working oil port A of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (21) is communicated with an oil inlet of the fuel nozzle assembly, and an oil return port T of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (21) is connected with an oil tank; the electric control unit (11) is electrically connected with the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (21).
2. An electronically controlled diesel pile driver according to claim 1, characterised in that: the first position sensor (3) and the second position sensor (4) are fixedly arranged on the sensor bracket 1, and the sensor bracket 1 is fixedly connected with the top cross beam (6) and/or the piston (5).
3. An electronically controlled diesel pile driver according to claim 1, characterised in that: the oil outlet of the fuel pump assembly is connected to a pressure oil port P of a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (21) through an electromagnetic valve oil inlet pipe (22), a working oil port A of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (21) is connected to an oil inlet of the fuel spray nozzle assembly through an electromagnetic valve oil outlet pipe (9), and an oil return port T of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (21) is connected to an oil tank through an electromagnetic valve oil return pipe (20).
4. An electronically controlled diesel pile driver according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that: the piston (5) comprises a piston seat and a piston body which are connected into a whole, an oil tank is arranged on the piston seat, and a piston ring is sleeved on the cylindrical surface of the piston body.
5. The electronically controlled diesel pile driver according to claim 4, wherein: the first position sensor (3) and the uppermost piston ring of the piston body (5) are positioned on the same plane.
6. An electronically controlled diesel pile driver according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that: the fuel pump assembly comprises a plunger (34) movably supported on the oil pump body (27), and a tappet (33) movably supported on the oil pump upper body (24), one end of a crank arm (32) hinged on the piston (5) is contacted with the tappet (33), the other end of the crank arm (32) corresponds to an impact pin (23), and the impact pin (23) is fixedly arranged on the cylinder hammer (9).
7. The electronically controlled diesel pile driver according to claim 6, wherein: the second position sensor (4) is positioned on the same plane with the contact point of the impact pin (23) and the crank arm (32).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310944981.4A CN116791608A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Electric control type diesel pile driver |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310944981.4A CN116791608A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Electric control type diesel pile driver |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116791608A true CN116791608A (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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ID=88042284
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310944981.4A Pending CN116791608A (en) | 2023-07-28 | 2023-07-28 | Electric control type diesel pile driver |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116791608A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-28 CN CN202310944981.4A patent/CN116791608A/en active Pending
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