CN201925010U

CN201925010U - Special HCCI engine

Info

Publication number: CN201925010U
Application number: CN2010205638995U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王洪泽
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-10-08
Filing date: 2010-10-08
Publication date: 2011-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2020-10-08

Abstract

A special homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine comprises a body, a crank-link mechanism, an air distribution device, a fuel supply system, a cooling system, a lubrication system, and a starting system. The special HCCI engine is characterized in that an inflammable mixed gas forming device communicates with a gas intake pipe, or a fuel injector is installed on a cylinder cover at the external of the gas intake pipe or a combustion chamber; an auxiliary cylinder is provided, communicating with the combustion chamber; an auxiliary piston is driven by a trigger device or an adjusting mechanism; or the cylinder cover and the cylinder are movable or rotatable relative to a crankcase; or the large end of a crankshaft or a connecting rod is supported by an eccentralizer which rotates when driven by a motor through a sector gear on the eccentralizer; or a piston comprises an upper part and a lower part, and the height of the piston can be changed through the trigger device and the adjusting mechanism; or the connecting rod comprises an upper section and a lower second, and a control stick is added; or an abrupt change device and a gradual change device are simultaneously provided.

Description

A kind of special-purpose hcci engine

Technical field

The utility model relates to hcci engine, particularly a kind of special-purpose hcci engine.

Background technique

The energy-conserving and environment-protective of HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) motor are known altogether.

But the realization of all multifactor impact HCCI combustion manners is arranged, as the temperature of the response characteristic of uniformity, coefficient of residual gas and the residual gas of concentration, the latent heat of vaporization, spontaneous combustion character, air fuel ratio and the mixed gas of pressure, temperature and the air inflow of air inlet, fuel, compression ratio, the distribution moment, engine speed, motor and transmission of heat factor etc.These factors influence each other and are changeable at any time, steady working condition to guarantee that the stability of ignition timing is relatively more difficult.

In order to realize the combustion manner of HCCI, taked multiple measure, as variable air inlet temperature, variable exhaust gas recirculation, variable compression ratio, variable valve timing, variable injecting timing and emitted dose, variable combustion characteristic etc., but these measures of single employing can only realize the HCCI burning in certain operating mode scope.

Petrol engine is by the plug ignition control burning moment, and diesel engine is controlled ignition timing by oil spout, and hcci engine does not then have directly control ignition timing method.

Existing hcci engine remains problems such as wayward at ignition timing, that cold start-up is difficult, operating range is narrow, big load operation is rough.

Because LPG (liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) kindling temperature is higher, when being fuel, generally all takes to light, and do not adopt the mode of compression ignite with LPG.

Summary of the invention

In order to address the above problem, the utility model provides a kind of special-purpose hcci engine.

A kind of special-purpose hcci engine: it comprises body, connecting rod, distribution device, fuel oil supply system, cooling system, lubrication system, starting system, it is characterized in that: described motor also comprises formation device, sudden change device and/or the gradual change device of inflammable mixture;

The formation device of described inflammable mixture communicates with intake duct, and oil sprayer is installed on the cylinder head outside intake duct or the firing chamber;

The relief opening of main pipe (8) position is equiped with the suction port of oil sprayer (7) or inflammable gas, injection direction points to suction port (2), be equiped with blower fan (5) in the secondary duct (4), suction port of secondary duct (6) and relief opening (3) link with the relief opening (8) and the suction port (2) of main pipe respectively;

The piston of described sudden change device is made up of upper and lower two-part, changes the height of piston by percussion lock or controlling mechanism;

Described gradual change device is equiped with countercylinder, and it communicates with the firing chamber, and sub-piston is subjected to the driving of percussion lock or controlling mechanism;

In the described gradual change device, cylinder head and cylinder block can move or rotate with respect to crankcase

In the described gradual change device, bent axle or connecting rod tip are bearing on the eccentric, and motor drives eccentric by the tooth sector on the eccentric and rotates;

Described connecting rod is formed by upper and lower two sections, and adds operating handle.

The major advantage of special-purpose hcci engine is:

SI, the CI of A, complexity and cost and routine are suitable;

B, any measure of not adopting double mode hcci engine to take for realization HCCI burning;

C, to the control of ignition timing absolute accurately, stable and reliable;

D, full operating mode is even works in the HCCI mode;

E, cold starting performance are better than conventional SI, the cold starting performance of CI;

Power output when F, high load work surpasses conventional SI, CI;

In G, when work,, the burning of inflammable mixture has only a rate of heat release peak value, and rate of heat release and thermal discharge are big;

H, can be with gasoline, diesel oil, ethanol, rock gas etc., or the mixture of various fuel is a fuel;

I, special-purpose HCCI technology, two-stroke engine and four-stroke engine are general;

The formation quality of J, homogeneous charge is good;

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is elaborated.

Description of drawings

Shown in Figure 1 is a kind of structural representation of formation device of inflammable mixture;

Shown in Figure 2 is the structural representation of first kind of special-purpose hcci engine of first mode;

Shown in Figure 3 is the structural representation of second kind of special-purpose hcci engine of first mode;

Shown in Figure 4 is the structural representation of first kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 5 is the structural representation of second kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 6 is the structural representation of the third special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 7 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 8 is the structural representation of the 5th kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 9 is the structural representation of the 6th kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 10 is the structural representation of the 7th kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 11 is the structural representation of the 8th kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 12 is the structural representation of the 9th kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 13 is the structural representation of the tenth kind of special-purpose hcci engine of second mode;

Shown in Figure 14 is the structural representation of the special-purpose hcci engine of Third Way;

Shown in Figure 15 is the structural representation that is equiped with the special-purpose hcci engine of flexible countercylinder;

Shown in Figure 16 is the structural representation that actuator is equiped with the special-purpose hcci engine of spring;

Shown in Figure 17 is the structural representation of mechanical switch;

Shown in Figure 180 is the structural representation of electronic switch;

Shown in Figure 19 is the structural representation of controlling mechanism;

Shown in Figure 20 is the side view of controlling mechanism.

Among the figure, 1. main pipe, the 2. suction port of main pipe, 3. the relief opening of secondary duct, 4. secondary duct, 5. blower fan, 6. the suction port of secondary duct, 7. oil sprayer, the 8. relief opening of main pipe, 9. suction valve, 10. intake duct, 11. pipelines, 12. expansion box 1 or pressurized air, 13. air compressors, 14.ECU (ECU (Electrical Control Unit)), 15. CKP, 16. cylinders, 17. outlet valves, 18. expansion box 2 or pressurized air, 19. cylinder head, 20. piston tops, 21. spring, 22. piston bottoms, 23. latch hooks, 24. connecting rod, 25. switches, 26. sub-pistons, 27. controlling mechanism, 28. cylinder head, the formation device of 29. flammable mixers, 30. the firing chamber, 31. temperature transducers, 32. combustion sensors, 33. countercylinder, 34. hydraulic type controlling mechanisms, 35. oil pumps, 36. cylinder head and cylinder block, 37. rotating shaft, 38. crankcases, 39. connecting rods, 40. tie, 41. eccentric, 42. motors, 43. bent axles, 44. tooth sector, 45. the connection place of connecting rod tip and crank, 46. manipulatable ends, 47, operating handle, 48. percussion lock, 59. controlling mechanism, 50. Electronic Control Assemblies, 51. cover plates, 52. piston, 53. slave connecting rod, 54. actuators, 55. turbines, 56. upper guard board, 57. gear, 58. times backplates, 59. nuts.

Embodiment

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4.

Special-purpose hcci engine described in the utility model, the formation device (29) of inflammable mixture can form inflammable mixture with gaseous fuel and/or liquid fuel and air mixing, and it can communicate with intake duct (10); Or oil sprayer (7) is installed on the intake duct (10), and fuel is formed inflammable mixture in intake duct (10) and air mixing, sucks cylinder (16) then; Or oil sprayer (7) is installed on the outer cylinder head (19) in firing chamber (30), fuel oil is sprayed into cylinder (16), in cylinder (16), form inflammable mixture, promptly finish interior injection in early stage of cylinder (16) or interior later stage of cylinder (16) and spray, or in cylinder (16), spray in the intake process with air mixing.

In order to improve the formation quality of inflammable mixture, as shown in Figure 1, the formation device of the utility model inflammable mixture comprises suction port (2), the relief opening (8) of main pipe, secondary duct (4), the suction port (6) of secondary duct, relief opening (3), oil sprayer (7) or the gaseous fuel suction port of secondary duct, the blower fan (5) of main pipe (1), main pipe.

The relief opening of main pipe (8) position is equiped with the suction port of oil sprayer (7) or inflammable gas, injection direction points to suction port (2), be equiped with blower fan (5) in the secondary duct (4), suction port of secondary duct (6) and relief opening (3) link with the relief opening (8) and the suction port (2) of main pipe respectively.

In this device, the blower fan (5) of installing in the secondary duct (4) has strengthened flowing of counter-current gas in the passage, adds that motor against the direction air inlet that fuel sprays, makes fuel and Air mixing more abundant, has improved the formation quality of inflammable mixture.

Special-purpose hcci engine described in the utility model, its compression ratio is dynamic change.For realizing the dynamic change of compression ratio, three kinds of modes are arranged.

First kind of mode:

Under the control of distribution device or ECU, begin to ignition timing from air inlet, percussion lock makes the low compression ratio state that is in the cylinder (temperature and pressure in the cylinder does not reach the combustion condition of inflammable mixture); To ignition timing, make again that moment reaches high compression ratio state (temperature and pressure in the cylinder has reached the combustion condition of inflammable mixture), (following this mode is called the sudden change mode) in the cylinder.Be subjected to the effect of percussion lock, the compression ratio in the cylinder can be converted to big compression ratio state by small reduction ratio state moment.The utility model is introduced two kinds of special-purpose hcci engines with the work of sudden change mode.

Shown in Figure 2: (is example with bent axle with air compressor and motor) forms percussion lock by air compressor (13), pipeline (11), pressurized air (12), expansion box 1 (12), expansion box 2 (18), suction valve (9), outlet valve (17), CKP (15) and ECU (14).

Be equiped with CKP (15) and ECU (14) on the motor, cylinder (16) is outside equipped with air compressor (13), the relief opening of air compressor (13) to the pipeline (11) between suction valve (9) constitutes expansion box 1 (12), suction valve (9) constitutes expansion box 2 (18) to the outlet pipe between cylinder head, and expansion box 2 (18) communicates by the interior space of outlet valve (17) and cylinder (16);

During work, the pressurized air (12) that air compressor (13) is discharged is introduced into expansion box 1 (12), the signal that provides according to CKP (15), under the control of ECU (14), certain period before from air inlet to ignition timing, suction valve (9) is opened, pressurized air enters expansion box 2 (18) from expansion box 1 (12), suction valve (9) cuts out subsequently, open at ignition timing outlet valve (17), the pressurized air in the expansion box 2 (18) enter cylinder (16) rapidly, and its internal pressure and temperature moment raise and make inflammable mixture by compression ignite, exhaust finishes, and outlet valve (17) is closed and entered next work cycle.

Shown in Figure 3: as to be equiped with CKP (15) and ECU (14) on the motor, piston is combined by last (20), following (22) two-part, go up (20), be equiped with spring (21) between (22) part down, the latch hook (23) of top (20) installing can allow the switch (25) of bottom (22) installing pin, and the tie of switch (25) links by brush and ECU (14) from connecting rod (24), bent axle.By above-mentioned CKP (15), ECU (14), piston assembly (upward (20) of piston, following (22) two-part, latch hook (23), spring (21), switch (25) and tie) when constituting percussion lock work jointly, begin between ignition timing early stage from air inlet, switch (25) pins latch hook (23), make go up (20) of piston, (22) two-part can not separate down, to ignition timing, ECU (14) notice switch (25) is opened latch hook (23), under the effect of spring (21) and piston bottom (22), piston top (20) is up rapidly, pressure and temperature moment in the cylinder (16) is raise and with the inflammable mixture compression ignite, inflammable mixture by compression ignite after, under the effect of its pressure and piston bottom (22), spring (21) is compressed, latch hook (23) is pinned by switch (25), upward (20) of piston, (22) two-part combine down, are about to enter into exhaust stroke this moment.

The second way:

Under the control of ECU, controlling mechanism drives corresponding actuator makes compression ratio change with variation of temperature in the cylinder, be when temperature is low in the cylinder, make the interior compression ratio of cylinder big, when temperature is high in the cylinder, make in the cylinder compression ratio little, the mode by dynamic change compression ratio make inflammable mixture always near required top dead center by compression ignite (following this mode is called gradual manner).Be subjected to the effect of controlling mechanism, the always continuous change of compression ratio in the cylinder.

During engine start, temperature transducer detects the temperature in the cylinder, signal is passed to ECU, by ECU to after gathering signal and handling calculating, go to regulating and controlling mechanism that respective execution mechanisms (as piston, sub-piston and bent axle etc.) is regulated, to reach due compression ratio, inflammable mixture is always pressed near required top dead center.

Behind the engine start, then have CKP and combustion sensor (in order to detect the sensor of ignition timing) that testing signal is passed to ECU, mechanism regulates compression ratio by the ECU regulating and controlling.

The utility model is introduced 10 kinds of special-purpose hcci engines with gradual manner work, shown in Fig. 4～13.

Shown in Figure 4: as to be equiped with countercylinder (33) on the cylinder head (28) and to communicate with firing chamber (30) and (also can countercylinder be communicated with the firing chamber by pipeline, down together), on the sub-piston (26) in the countercylinder (33), the descending driving that is subjected to controlling mechanism (27), the corresponding site of motor is equiped with combustion sensor (32), temperature transducer (31), CKP (15) and ECU (14), after the signal of gathering is sent into ECU (14) and is handled, go to regulating and controlling mechanism (27) by changing the volume of countercylinder (33), covert change compression ratio, finally make inflammable mixture always near required top dead center by compression ignite.

Sub-piston (26) is driven by hydraulic type controlling mechanism (34) in shown in Figure 5, and the uplink and downlink of sub-piston (26) can be realized the control of oil pump (35) by ECU (14).

It is shown in Figure 6: on motor divides, following two-part, the cylinder head on top and cylinder block (36) (both are one or fixed relationship) connect with the crankcase (38) of bottom by controlling mechanism (27), the corresponding site of motor is equiped with combustion sensor (32), temperature transducer (31), CKP (15) and ECU (14), after the signal of its collection is sent into ECU (14) and is handled, go to regulating and controlling mechanism (27) to go up (36) by changing, down (38) two-part distance changes compression ratio, finally make inflammable mixture always near required top dead center by compression ignite.

Shown in Figure 7 and shown in Figure 6 is not both, the both sides of the cylinder head on top and cylinder block (36) connect with the crankcase (38) of bottom by rotating shaft (37) and controlling mechanism (27) respectively, ECU (14) goes to regulating and controlling mechanism (27) to change compression ratio by making top (36) turn over an angle with respect to bottom (38), finally make inflammable mixture always near required top dead center by compression ignite.

Shown in Figure 8: piston is by last (20), (22) two-part combine down, go up (20), be equiped with controlling mechanism (27) between the bottom (22), its tie (40) is from connecting rod (39), bent axle links by brush and ECU (14), the corresponding site of motor is equiped with combustion sensor (32), temperature transducer (31) and CKP (15), after the signal of its collection is sent into ECU (14) and is handled, go to regulating and controlling mechanism (27) to change compression ratio by the height that changes piston, finally make inflammable mixture always near required top dead center by compression ignite.

Shown in Figure 9: bent axle (43) is bearing on the eccentric (41), eccentric (41), tooth sector (44) on motor (42) and the eccentric constitutes controlling mechanism, the corresponding site of motor is equiped with combustion sensor (32), temperature transducer (31) and CKP (15), after the signal of its collection is sent into ECU (14) and is handled, going to regulating and controlling mechanism to drive eccentric (41) rotates, bent axle (43) will change with respect to the position of cylinder head, thereby can regulate compression ratio continuously, finally make inflammable mixture always near required top dead center by compression ignite.

Shown in Figure 10 and shown in Figure 9 is not both, and constitutes the connection place that controlling mechanism has moved on to connecting rod tip and crank jointly by the tooth sector on motor, eccentric and the eccentric.

Shown in Figure 11～13: connecting rod (39) is formed by upper and lower two sections, operating handle (47) two ends of installing link with connecting rod (39) and controlling mechanism (27) respectively, the corresponding site of motor is equiped with combustion sensor (32), temperature transducer (31) and CKP (15), after the signal of its collection is sent into ECU (14) and is handled, go the manipulatable end (46) of regulating and controlling mechanism by mobile operating handle (47) to change compression ratio dynamically, finally make inflammable mixture always near required top dead center by compression ignite.

Figure 11, Figure 12 and shown in Figure 13 in, ECU (14) goes to regulating and controlling mechanism (27), the manipulatable end (46) that makes operating handle (47) moves, moves down and move to left on respectively, the top dead center and the lower dead center of piston move down synchronously, compression ratio reduces, otherwise compression ratio increases.

The third mode:

Special-purpose hcci engine shown in Figure 14, two kinds of actuators exist simultaneously, and promptly the Electronic Control Assembly shown in the dotted line (50) (being made up of combustion sensor, temperature transducer, CKP and ECU) can be formed percussion lock and controlling mechanism respectively with the piston shown in firing lock shown in the dotted line (48) and the dotted line (49).

The existence of percussion lock (48) can make the precision of ignition timing higher, the existence of controlling mechanism (49), can make compression ratio in the cylinder moment conversion range can be littler.The working method of this kind of special-purpose hcci engine is the third working method that sudden change mode and gradual manner combine.

When inflammable mixture was denseer, special-purpose hcci engine meeting rough running for this reason, as shown in figure 15, was equiped with flexible countercylinder (34) and communicates with firing chamber (31), is equiped with spring (21) between sub-piston (26) and cover plate (52).Inflammable mixture by compression ignite after, cylinder (16) internal pressure increases rapidly, pressurized gas promote sub-piston (26) spring (21) are compressed, covert increase cylinder (16) volume, reduced bump to piston (53), descending along with piston (53), cylinder (16) internal pressure reduces, and spring (21) promotes sub-piston (26) gas is entered cylinder (16).

In the actuator of gradual manner, install spring, reduce the pressure maximum in the cylinder, reduce the impact of pressurized gas, Figure 16 shows that example to piston, be equiped with spring (21) in actuator (54), promptly slave connecting rod (53) links by spring (21) and sub-piston (26).Inflammable mixture by compression ignite before, cylinder (16) internal pressure is less, spring (21) deformation is also less, inflammable mixture by compression ignite after, cylinder (16) internal pressure increases several times, and under pressure, sub-piston (26) compresses spring (21), deformation is bigger, the volume of cylinder (16) in a disguised form increases, and pressurized gas reduce the impact of piston (52), and piston (52) is descending, cylinder (16) internal pressure reduces, and spring (21) promotes sub-piston (26) cylinder is entered cylinder (16).

The installing countercylinder communicates with the firing chamber, can directly be installed in countercylinder on the cylinder head, as Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Figure 14, Figure 15 and shown in Figure 16, countercylinder (33) is communicated with firing chamber (31) by pipeline (11) above cylinder head (19), as shown in figure 17, perhaps below cylinder head (19), offer pipeline (11), countercylinder (33) is communicated, as shown in figure 18 with firing chamber (31).

Figure 19 and shown in Figure 20 be shown in Figure 4 in order to drive sub-piston (26) and shown in Figure 16 in order to the enlarged view of the controlling mechanism (27) of driving slave connecting rod.Also be applicable to Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 14 in piston top (20), bottom (22) between the controlling mechanism (27) of installing.

Shown in Figure 19: slave connecting rod has screw thread on (53), passes from gear (57) center hole with nut; The upper and lower of gear (57) is respectively upper guard board (56), following backplate (58), and both have position-limiting action to gear (57); The right side of gear (57) is turbine (55) and the motor (42) that drives turbine (55).

Shown in Figure 20: the plan view of drive unit: the center hole of gear (57) has the nut (59) with slave connecting rod (53) threaded engagement, and the right side is turbine (55) and the motor (42) that drives turbine (55).

During work, motor (52) is subjected to the control of ECU, is driving turbine (55), and turbine (55) is driving gear (57), and the nut (59) of gear (57) center hole is meshing slave connecting rod (53) again, and slave connecting rod (53) is driving corresponding parts and moving up and down.

Claims

1. special-purpose hcci engine, it comprises body, connecting rod, distribution device, fuel oil supply system, cooling system, lubrication system, starting system, it is characterized in that: described motor also comprises formation device, sudden change device and/or the gradual change device of inflammable mixture.

2. a kind of special-purpose hcci engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the formation device of described inflammable mixture communicates with intake duct, and oil sprayer is installed on the cylinder head outside intake duct or the firing chamber.

3. a kind of special-purpose hcci engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the relief opening of main pipe (8) position is equiped with the suction port of oil sprayer (7) or inflammable gas, injection direction points to suction port (2), be equiped with blower fan (5) in the secondary duct (4), suction port of secondary duct (6) and relief opening (3) link with the relief opening (8) and the suction port (2) of main pipe respectively.

4. a kind of special-purpose hcci engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the piston of described sudden change device is made up of upper and lower two-part, changes the height of piston by percussion lock or controlling mechanism.

5. a kind of special-purpose hcci engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described gradual change device is equiped with countercylinder, and it communicates with the firing chamber, and sub-piston is subjected to the driving of percussion lock or controlling mechanism.

6. a kind of special-purpose hcci engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described gradual change device, cylinder head and cylinder block can move or rotate with respect to crankcase.

7. a kind of special-purpose hcci engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described gradual change device, bent axle or connecting rod tip are bearing on the eccentric, and motor drives eccentric by the tooth sector on the eccentric and rotates.

8. a kind of special-purpose hcci engine according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described connecting rod is formed by upper and lower two sections, and adds operating handle.