CN116785443A - 一种溶液混合稳定制剂及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种溶液混合稳定制剂,包括溶剂和乳化剂,所述乳化剂为聚乳酸‑羟基乙酸共聚物。本发明创造性使用聚乳酸‑羟基乙酸共聚物作为乳化剂解决了油苗与水相制剂混合含量不均匀问题;提高了部分制剂产品稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物制备领域,具体的涉及一种疫苗药物混合用药的稳定制剂。
背景技术
随着畜牧业的飞速发展,养殖效率、经济效益大大提高的同时,畜禽疾病的种类和感染率也逐年上升,老的疫病没有彻底消除,又出现了新的疫情,给养殖生产带来了很大的威胁。科学的、规范的运用疫苗和群体预防性用药是确保安全生产的重要保障。
但随着疫苗和预防性给药的联合应用,新的问题应运而生,疫苗大多以油相作为溶剂,而普通制剂大多以水和有机溶剂作为溶剂,两种制剂混合存在严重的混合均匀度问题,而随着时间放置,油相和水相分层,混合均匀度问题进一步加剧,提供一种可与疫苗稳定混合稳定的、均匀的制剂对养殖业应用具有重要意义。
发明内容
提高两相稳定性最直接的办法是乳化,但疫苗本身一般已经是油包水型乳剂,如果想继续乳化形成稳定体系的复乳工艺十分复杂,很难在养殖现场实现。
为了克服现有技术中的缺陷,本发明提供了一种溶液混合稳定制剂,包括溶剂和乳化剂,所述乳化剂为聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物。
本发明所述溶液混合稳定制剂是一种用于与油相制剂混合的制剂,尤其是一种与油相制剂混合的水相制剂,所述油相制剂优选为疫苗制剂,优选为混合于油相溶剂中的疫苗制剂。即本发明所述溶液混合稳定制剂优选为水相制剂,该水相制剂与油相制剂能够混合均匀,并在混合均匀3个小时内含量均匀度无明显变化。所述稳定即指混合溶液能够维持混合均匀的状态。本发明所述制剂中溶解有主药,通过本发明提供的制剂实现了将普通制剂的主要与油相制剂的疫苗混合均匀,并维持均匀状态,符合临床使用的需求。
上述任一项优选的是,所述制剂还包括水相补充剂,所述水相补充剂包括丙二醇、丙三醇、正丁醇中的至少一种,所述水相补充剂优选为丙二醇。本发明所述水相补充剂是指能够促进聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物在水中的溶解度,促进聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物在本申请所述制剂中的溶解。
上述任一项优选的是,所述助溶剂在所述制剂中的质量百分数为20%~50%,进一步优选为20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%。
上述任一项优选的是,所述制剂还包括螯合剂。
上述任一项优选的是,所述螯合剂占所述制剂质量的0-2%,进一步优选为0%、0.5%、1%、2%。
上述任一项优选的是,所述制剂还包括螯合剂,所述螯合剂包括依地酸二钠和/或柠檬酸钠。
上述任一项优选的是,所述制剂还包括抗氧化剂,所述抗氧化剂包括硫代硫酸钠、亚硫酸钠、维生素C中的至少一种。
上述任一项优选的是,所述制剂还包括pH调节剂。本发明所述制剂的pH优选为2-8,更为优选的pH为3.5-5.5,优选为pH2、3、3.5、4、4.5、5、5.5、6、7、8所述pH为聚乳酸-羟基乙酸乳化最适合pH环境,为制剂乳化稳定性提供环境。
上述任一项优选的是,所述pH调节剂包括乳酸,优选的,所述乳酸占所述制剂质量的1%。
上述任一项优选的是,按照如下方法制备:将所述助溶剂与所述pH调节剂混合,将主药加入混合溶液搅拌溶解,加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解。
上述任一项优选的是,所述主药包括喹诺酮类抗菌药、林可胺类抗菌药、氨基糖苷类抗菌药物、四环素类抗菌药物、大环内酯类抗菌药物、β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的至少一种。优选为,恩诺沙星、盐酸多西环素、磷酸替米考星、盐酸林可霉素、盐酸大观霉素、头孢噻呋钠。
上述任一项优选的是,所述制剂包括以下质量比例的成分:主药10-30份、助溶剂20-50份、pH调节剂1份、螯合剂0-2份、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物0.5-3份,余量为水至100份。
本发明还提供了上述任一项所述的制剂在所述主药与疫苗混合使用时,提高混合溶液稳定性中的应用。
优选的是,所述疫苗为油包水型佐剂疫苗。
本发明利用丙二醇作为水相的补充剂,创造性使用聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物作为乳化剂,在原本疫苗油包水的基础上,渗透水相,增大水相比例,通过补充乳化剂使乳化体系稳定。制剂方案可应用于喹诺酮类抗菌药、林可胺类抗菌药、氨基糖苷类抗菌药物、四环素类抗菌药物、大环内酯类抗菌药物、β-内酰胺类抗菌药物。经验证本方案可通过简单振摇的方式使制剂和疫苗混合均匀,并在3个小时内含量均匀度无明显变化,满足临床使用要求。
本发明有益的技术效果在于:
1.解决了油苗与水相制剂混合含量不均匀问题;
2.创造性使用聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物作为乳化剂;
3.提高部分制剂产品稳定性。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明进行详细说明,但这些例举性实施方式并非旨在对本发明的实际保护范围构成任何形式的任何限定。
本发明实施例所使用的原料、化学试剂、仪器等,未注明条件者均为市售商品。
实施例1
恩诺沙星10份,丙二醇30份,乳酸1份,依地酸二钠0.5份,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物1份,水66份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得所述溶液混合稳定制剂。
实施例2
恩诺沙星10份,丙二醇20份,乳酸1份,依地酸二钠0.5份,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物3份,水76份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得所述溶液混合稳定制剂。
实施例3
恩诺沙星10份,丙二醇50份,乳酸1份,依地酸二钠0.5份,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物0.5份,水38份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得所述溶液混合稳定制剂。
实施例4
盐酸多西环素20份,丙二醇30份,乳酸1份,维生素C 2份,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物2份,水56份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加维生素C和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得所述溶液混合稳定制剂。
实施例5
磷酸替米考星20份,丙二醇30份,乳酸1份,硫代硫酸钠0.5份,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物2份,水56份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加硫代硫酸钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得所述溶液混合稳定制剂。
实施例6
盐酸林可霉素30份,丙二醇30份,乳酸1份,硫代硫酸钠0.5份,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物2份,水46份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加硫代硫酸钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得所述溶液混合稳定制剂。
实施例7
盐酸大观霉素10份,丙二醇30份,乳酸1份,亚硫酸钠0.5份,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物2份,水68份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加亚硫酸钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得所述溶液混合稳定制剂。
实施例8
头孢噻呋钠10份,丙二醇30份,乳酸1份,硫代硫酸钠0.5份,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物2份,水68份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加硫代硫酸钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得所述溶液混合稳定制剂。
对比例1
恩诺沙星10份,丙二醇20份,依地酸二钠0.5份,水73份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得对比制剂。
对比例2
盐酸多西环素20份,丙二醇20份,依地酸二钠0.5份,水63份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得对比制剂。
对比例3
磷酸替米考星10份,丙二醇10份,依地酸二钠0.5份,水83份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得对比制剂。
对比例4
盐酸林可霉素30份,依地酸二钠0.5份,水74份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得对比制剂。
对比例5
盐酸大观霉素10份,丙二醇20份,依地酸二钠0.5份,水73份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得对比制剂。
对比例6
头孢噻呋钠10份,丙二醇10份,依地酸二钠0.5份,水83份。
工艺:将API加入丙二醇与乳酸混合溶液搅拌溶解加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解,过0.22μm滤膜,既得对比制剂。
混合均匀度测定
取实施例1-实施例8所得的溶液混合稳定制剂、对比例1-对比例6所得的对比制剂,分别与市售厂家1,市售厂家2的新城疫疫苗和禽流感疫苗以1:9混合(体积比),混合均匀后,静置于试管中,分别于0、1、2、3、8、24小时监测混合溶液上中下层中的药物含量变化。混合方法为使用涡旋仪,涡旋2分钟
结果如表1和表2所示,通过比较可知,实施例1-实施例8得到的溶液混合稳定制剂与油溶液疫苗混合后3小时内稳定性(溶液混合的均匀度)明显优于对比例。
表1在新城疫疫苗中含量分布度变化
表2在禽流感疫苗中含量分步度变化
实施例9
实施例9与实施例1-8相似,不同的是,所述水相补充剂为丙三醇或正丁醇。实验表明,丙三醇或正丁醇与丙二醇具有同样的促进促进聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物在水中的溶解度的作用,能够促进聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物在本发明所述制剂中的溶解,所得溶液混合稳定制剂与油溶液疫苗混合后3小时内稳定性与实施例1-8相似,能够维持溶液均匀混匀。
Claims (9)
1.一种溶液混合稳定制剂,包括溶剂和乳化剂,其特征在于,所述乳化剂为聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物。
2.如权利要求1所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述制剂还包括水相补充剂,所述水相的补充剂包括丙二醇、丙三醇、正丁醇中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求2所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述制剂还包括螯合剂,所述螯合剂包括依地酸二钠和/或柠檬酸钠;所述制剂还包括抗氧化剂,所述抗氧化剂包括硫代硫酸钠、亚硫酸钠、维生素C中的至少一种。
4.如权利要求3所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述制剂还包括pH调节剂,所述pH调节剂包括乳酸。
5.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的制剂,其特征在于,按照如下方法制备:将所述助溶剂与所述pH调节剂混合,将主药加入混合溶液搅拌溶解,加入水后加依地酸二钠和聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物,搅拌至完全溶解。
6.如权利要求5所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述主药包括喹诺酮类抗菌药、氨基糖苷类抗菌药物、四环素类抗菌药物、大环内酯类抗菌药物、β-内酰胺类抗菌药物的至少一种。
7.如权利要求5所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述制剂包括以下质量比例的成分:主药10-30份、助溶剂20-50份、pH调节剂1份、螯合剂0-2份、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物0.5-3份,水38-76份。
8.权利要求1-7任一项所述的制剂在所述主药与疫苗混合使用时,提高混合溶液稳定性中的应用。
9.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述疫苗为油包水型佐剂疫苗。
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