CN116784418A - Plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation - Google Patents
Plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116784418A CN116784418A CN202310873876.6A CN202310873876A CN116784418A CN 116784418 A CN116784418 A CN 116784418A CN 202310873876 A CN202310873876 A CN 202310873876A CN 116784418 A CN116784418 A CN 116784418A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plant source protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation, and belongs to the technical field of feeds. A plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation comprises the following components: corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, phytase, salt, stone powder, choline chloride, mixed ferment, compound vitamins and compound mineral elements; according to the scheme, the potato residue and mulberry leaf residue fermented protein feed is adopted for feeding the fed animals, so that daily gain can be improved, feed consumption can be reduced, fat content in muscles can be reduced, protein content can be increased, and the utilization rate of protein in the feed can be improved; the growth and the expression of the fed animals can be promoted by coating a plurality of bacteria; the coated bacteria can increase the nutritive value of the feed, prolong the digestion and absorption time of the feed and improve the utilization rate of the feed, thereby increasing the weight and muscle growth of the fed animals, improving the feed conversion rate and further promoting the growth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feeds, and relates to a plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the demands of domestic residents on aquaculture products are rising year by year, and the livestock aquaculture industry and the related feed industry in China are also greatly developed. Most of proteins in the traditional breeding feed are derived from raw materials such as soybean meal and fish meal, the content of nutrients such as proteins and amino acids in the soybean meal is high, and the fish meal is palatable and digestible and is rich in growth factors. However, due to the influence of the factors such as the increase of the demand of the raw materials such as bean pulp, the rising of the price and the like, the exhaustion of fishery resources also causes the shortage of fish meal products, and the shortage of the high-quality feed protein raw materials is caused. At present, the price of protein raw materials such as bean pulp, fish meal and the like is high due to the rapid increase of domestic feed requirements. Thus, many new protein sources are attracting attention.
The novel plant protein source is obtained by concentrating and fermenting the dregs of beans, corns, wheat, cottonseeds and other crops and removing the anti-nutritional factors, has the advantages of wide sources, simple processing and low cost, but also has the problems of insufficient nutrition composition and quantity, unsatisfactory digestion and absorption, residual anti-nutritional factors, unbalanced amino acids and the like. In addition, the addition of too high plant source protein has poor palatability, and the addition of too low plant source protein affects the growth of the plant source protein.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plant source protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation, and the scheme of the invention adopts potato residue and mulberry leaf residue fermented protein feed to feed animals, so that daily gain can be improved, feed consumption can be reduced, fat content in muscles can be reduced, protein content can be increased, and the utilization rate of protein in the feed can be improved; the growth and the expression of the fed animals can be promoted by coating a plurality of bacteria; the coated bacteria can increase the nutritive value of the feed, prolong the digestion and absorption time of the feed and improve the utilization rate of the feed, thereby increasing the weight and muscle growth of the fed animals, improving the feed conversion rate and further promoting the growth.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation comprises the following components in parts by weight:
58-60 parts of corn, 16-19 parts of soybean meal, 7-8 parts of wheat bran, 0.4-0.6 part of phytase, 0.2-0.3 part of salt, 6-8 parts of stone powder, 0.10-0.12 part of choline chloride, 10-15 parts of mixed fermentation product, 0.2-0.3 part of compound vitamin and 0.5-0.7 part of compound mineral element;
the preparation method of the mixed fermentation product comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing potato residues, mulberry leaf residues, cellulose and citric acid aqueous solution, and heating to obtain a mixture;
(2) Adding mixed bacteria and a mixture into the mixture for multiple fermentation to obtain a mixed fermentation product;
the preparation method of the admixture comprises the following steps:
1) Adding chlorella mud into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic soaking treatment, adding sargassum polysaccharide, stirring and mixing, leaching, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain solution A;
2) Uniformly mixing phytosterol oleate, curcumin and soybean phospholipid, adding tween-80 and absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic treatment, and performing rotary evaporation and dispersion to obtain liposome;
3) Uniformly mixing the solution A and the mixed bacteria, and heating to obtain solution B;
4) Adding liposome into the solution B, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment, and drying to obtain a mixture;
wherein the mixed bacteria are mixed bacteria consisting of lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum.
According to the scheme, the potato residue and mulberry leaf residue mixed fermentation feed is used for feeding the small-tailed han sheep, so that valine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine in muscles can be obviously improved; wherein, in the step 1), the addition of the gulfweed polysaccharide can assist in separating out the astaxanthin from the chlorella mud, specifically, the astaxanthin can be partially loaded on the gulfweed polysaccharide to increase the stability thereof.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the potato residue to the mulberry leaf residue to the aqueous solution of cellulase and citric acid is 2:0.7-1.0:0.5-0.7:10-15, wherein the concentration of the aqueous solution of citric acid is 0.5-0.8g/mL, and the heating treatment is that heating is carried out for 15-30min at 85-90 ℃; in the step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to the mixed bacteria to the mixture is 0.1-0.3:3-4:1500-1600; the fermentation time is 30-48h.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the mass ratio of the lactobacillus, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the candida utilis, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus coagulans and the clostridium butyricum is 0.5-1.5:0.6-1.2:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.2:0.4-0.9:0.01-0.1:0.05-0.2.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step 1), the mixed solution comprises sodium citrate, cellulase and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 5:0.8:60-80, wherein the ultrasonic soaking treatment is to obtain a suspension after soaking for 10min at 20-25 ℃, ultrasonic treating 50% of the suspension for 10-20min, adding the rest 50% of the suspension, and ultrasonic treating for 3-5min; the leaching condition is leaching for 10-12h under the condition of avoiding light; the feed liquid ratio of the chlorella mud to the mixed solution is 1-1.2g:70-80mL; the mass ratio of the astaxanthin to the gulfweed polysaccharide in the solution A is 1:2.5.
as a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step 2), the ultrasonic treatment time is 10-15min; the mass ratio of the soybean phospholipid to the tween-80 to the curcumin to the phytosterol oleate is 4:2:0.4-0.5:0.6-0.8; the rotary evaporation dispersing condition is that the rotary evaporation dispersing is carried out on a rotary evaporator under the reduced pressure at the temperature of 40-45 ℃; the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is that the solute is completely dissolved.
As a preferable technical scheme of the present invention, in step 3), a mass ratio of the liquid a to the mixed bacteria is 1:0.4-0.6; the heating condition is heating to 45-50 ℃.
As a preferable technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention is characterized in that: in the step 4), the ultrasonic oscillation treatment condition is that the ultrasonic frequency is 250-450MHz, the oscillation frequency is 120-220r/min, and the ultrasonic oscillation treatment is 15-20min; the mass ratio of the liquid B to the lipid film is 2:1, a step of; the drying is freeze drying.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the compound vitamin comprises 8000IU/kg of vitamin A and 8000IU/kg of vitamin B 1 3.5mg/kg, vitamin B 2 2.2mg/kg, vitamin B 6 6.6mg/kg, 800IU/kg of vitamin D, 25IU/kg of vitamin E and 4.5mg/kg of vitamin K.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the composite mineral elements comprise 240mg/kg of ferrous sulfate, 120mg/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 90mg/kg of copper sulfate, 220mg/kg of zinc sulfate and 85mg/kg of manganese sulfate.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the plant protein compound feed is that the plant protein compound feed is prepared by weighing raw material components according to parts by weight and mixing the raw material components.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the scheme, the potato residue and mulberry leaf residue fermented protein feed is adopted for feeding the fed animals, so that daily gain can be improved, feed consumption can be reduced, fat content in muscles can be reduced, protein content can be increased, and the utilization rate of protein in the feed can be improved.
2. According to the scheme, the growth and expression of the fed animals can be promoted by coating a plurality of bacteria; the coated bacteria can increase the nutritive value of the feed, prolong the digestion and absorption time of the feed and improve the utilization rate of the feed, thereby increasing the weight and muscle growth of the fed animals and improving the feed conversion rate. In addition, the coating bacteria can play roles in regulating intestinal microecology balance and enhancing immunity in the feed, and are beneficial to reducing the adaptation pressure of the fed animals to the external environment, thereby promoting the growth.
3. After the soybean meal in the feed is fermented by microorganisms, some minerals such as the phytic acid phosphorus contained in the soybean meal can be converted into minerals available to the fed animals, so that the total phosphorus content in the feed is reduced. By adding a certain amount of phytase, the phytase has the effect of eliminating the anti-nutritional factor phytic acid, and promotes the hydrolysis of phytic acid into inositol and phosphoric acid, so that the digestibility of the raised animals on some nutrients is improved, and the growth of the raised animals is promoted. In addition, the phytase can partially or completely replace the addition of inorganic phosphorus and obviously reduce the discharge amount of phosphorus in the feces.
4. The cellulase has the promotion effect on the growth of partial aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, the cellulose can be decomposed into soluble carbohydrate nutrient substances by adding the cellulase, the oxygen and the nutrition required by the growth of microorganisms are increased, the growth of the aerobic bacteria is stimulated, and the growth of different strains is promoted by adding a proper amount of the cellulase into bacterial liquid.
5. The addition of the gulfweed polysaccharide and the curcumin can promote the growth of intestinal probiotics and inhibit the reproduction of intestinal harmful bacteria, so that the health condition and the production performance of the fed animals are improved; the addition of gulfweed polysaccharide and curcumin can improve the nutritive value of the feed and improve the digestibility and absorptivity of the feed, thereby reducing the waste rate of the feed and the feed cost. In addition, the addition of gulfweed polysaccharide and curcumin can also improve the immunity and the antioxidant capacity of the farm animal, thereby enhancing the disease resistance of the farm animal.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description is given below with reference to the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention.
Example 1
The plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation comprises the following components in parts by weight:
58-60 parts of corn, 16-19 parts of soybean meal, 7-8 parts of wheat bran, 0.4-0.6 part of phytase, 0.2 part of salt, 6 parts of stone powder, 0.10 part of choline chloride, 10 parts of mixed fermentation product, 0.2 part of compound vitamin and 0.5 part of compound mineral element; the compound vitamin comprises 8000IU/kg of vitamin A and 8000IU/kg of vitamin B 1 3.5mg/kg, vitamin B 2 2.2mg/kg, vitamin B 6 6.6mg/kg, 800IU/kg vitamin D, 25IU/kg vitamin E and 4.5mg/kg vitamin K; the compound mineral elements comprise 240mg/kg of ferrous sulfate, 120mg/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 90mg/kg of copper sulfate, 220mg/kg of zinc sulfate and 85mg/kg of manganese sulfate; the preparation method of the plant protein compound feed comprises the steps of weighing raw material components according to parts by weight and mixing the raw material components;
the preparation method of the mixed fermentation product comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing potato residues, mulberry leaf residues, cellulose and citric acid aqueous solution, and heating to obtain a mixture; wherein, the mass ratio of the potato residue to the mulberry leaf residue to the aqueous solution of cellulose and citric acid is 2:0.7:0.5:10, wherein the concentration of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.5g/mL, and the heating treatment is that the heating is carried out at 85 ℃ for 15min;
(2) Adding mixed bacteria and a mixture into the mixture for multiple fermentation to obtain a mixed fermentation product; wherein, the mass ratio of the mixture to the mixed bacteria to the mixture is 0.1:3:1500; the fermentation time is 30 hours;
the preparation method of the admixture comprises the following steps:
1) Adding chlorella mud into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic soaking treatment, adding sargassum polysaccharide, stirring and mixing, leaching, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain solution A;
wherein, the mixed solution is prepared from sodium citrate, cellulase and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 5:0.8:60, wherein the ultrasonic soaking treatment is to obtain a suspension after soaking for 10min at 20 ℃, and adding the rest 50% suspension for ultrasonic treatment for 3min after ultrasonic treatment for 10min; the leaching condition is leaching for 10 hours under the light-shielding condition; the feed liquid ratio of the chlorella mud to the mixed solution is 1g:70mL; the mass ratio of the astaxanthin to the gulfweed polysaccharide in the solution A is 1:2.5;
2) Uniformly mixing phytosterol oleate, curcumin and soybean phospholipid, adding tween-80 and absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic treatment, and performing rotary evaporation and dispersion to obtain liposome;
wherein the ultrasonic treatment time is 10min; the mass ratio of the soybean phospholipid to the tween-80 to the curcumin to the phytosterol oleate is 4:2:0.4:0.6; the rotary evaporation dispersing condition is that the rotary evaporation dispersing is carried out on a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure at 40 ℃;
3) Uniformly mixing the solution A and the mixed bacteria, and heating to obtain solution B;
wherein, the mass ratio of the liquid A to the mixed bacteria is 1:0.4; the heating condition is heating to 45 ℃;
4) Adding liposome into the solution B, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment, and drying to obtain a mixture;
wherein the ultrasonic oscillation treatment condition is that the ultrasonic oscillation treatment is carried out for 15min at the ultrasonic frequency of 250MHz and the oscillation frequency of 120 r/min; the mass ratio of the liquid B to the lipid film is 2:1, a step of; the drying is freeze drying;
the mixed bacteria are prepared from lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum according to the mass ratio of 0.5:0.6:0.1:0.1:0.4:0.01: 0.05.
Example 2
The plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation comprises the following components in parts by weight:
59 parts of corn, 17.5 parts of bean pulp, 7.5 parts of wheat bran, 0.5 part of phytase, 0.25 part of salt, 7 parts of stone powder, 0.11 part of choline chloride and 12 parts of mixed fermentation product5 parts of compound vitamin 0.25 parts and compound mineral element 0.6 parts; the compound vitamin comprises 8000IU/kg of vitamin A and 8000IU/kg of vitamin B 1 3.5mg/kg, vitamin B 2 2.2mg/kg, vitamin B 6 6.6mg/kg, 800IU/kg vitamin D, 25IU/kg vitamin E and 4.5mg/kg vitamin K; the compound mineral elements comprise 240mg/kg of ferrous sulfate, 120mg/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 90mg/kg of copper sulfate, 220mg/kg of zinc sulfate and 85mg/kg of manganese sulfate; the preparation method of the plant protein compound feed comprises the steps of weighing raw material components according to parts by weight and mixing the raw material components;
the preparation method of the mixed fermentation product comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing potato residues, mulberry leaf residues, cellulose and citric acid aqueous solution, and heating to obtain a mixture; wherein, the mass ratio of the potato residue to the mulberry leaf residue to the aqueous solution of cellulose and citric acid is 2:0.85:0.6:12.5, wherein the concentration of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.7g/mL, and the heating treatment is that the heating is carried out at 88 ℃ for 23min;
(2) Adding mixed bacteria and a mixture into the mixture for multiple fermentation to obtain a mixed fermentation product; wherein, the mass ratio of the mixture to the mixed bacteria to the mixture is 0.2:3.5:1550; the fermentation time is 40 hours;
the preparation method of the admixture comprises the following steps:
1) Adding chlorella mud into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic soaking treatment, adding sargassum polysaccharide, stirring and mixing, leaching, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain solution A;
wherein, the mixed solution is prepared from sodium citrate, cellulase and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 5:0.8:60-80, wherein the ultrasonic soaking treatment is to obtain a suspension after soaking for 10min at 22.5 ℃, and adding the rest 50% suspension for ultrasonic treatment for 4min after ultrasonic treatment for 15min; the leaching condition is leaching for 11 hours under the light-shielding condition; the feed liquid ratio of the chlorella mud to the mixed solution is 1.1g:75mL; the mass ratio of the astaxanthin to the gulfweed polysaccharide in the solution A is 1:2.5;
2) Uniformly mixing phytosterol oleate, curcumin and soybean phospholipid, adding tween-80 and absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic treatment, and performing rotary evaporation and dispersion to obtain liposome;
wherein the ultrasonic treatment time is 12.5min; the mass ratio of the soybean phospholipid to the tween-80 to the curcumin to the phytosterol oleate is 4:2:0.45:0.7; the rotary evaporation dispersing condition is that the rotary evaporation dispersing is carried out on a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure at 42.5 ℃;
3) Uniformly mixing the solution A and the mixed bacteria, and heating to obtain solution B;
wherein, the mass ratio of the liquid A to the mixed bacteria is 1:0.5; the heating condition is that the temperature is heated to 48 ℃;
4) Adding liposome into the solution B, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment, and drying to obtain a mixture;
wherein the ultrasonic oscillation treatment condition is that the ultrasonic oscillation treatment is carried out for 18min at the ultrasonic frequency of 320MHz and the oscillation frequency of 170 r/min; the mass ratio of the liquid B to the lipid film is 2:1, a step of; the drying is freeze drying;
the mixed bacteria are prepared from lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum according to the mass ratio of 1.0:0.9:0.15:0.15:0.65:0.05: 0.12.
Example 3
The plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60 parts of corn, 19 parts of bean pulp, 8 parts of wheat bran, 0.6 part of phytase, 0.3 part of salt, 8 parts of stone powder, 0.12 part of choline chloride, 15 parts of mixed fermentation product, 0.3 part of compound vitamin and 0.7 part of compound mineral element; the compound vitamin comprises 8000IU/kg of vitamin A and 8000IU/kg of vitamin B 1 3.5mg/kg, vitamin B 2 2.2mg/kg, vitamin B 6 6.6mg/kg, 800IU/kg vitamin D, 25IU/kg vitamin E and 4.5mg/kg vitamin K; the compound mineral elements comprise 240mg/kg of ferrous sulfate, 120mg/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 90mg/kg of copper sulfate, 220mg/kg of zinc sulfate and 85mg/kg of manganese sulfate; the preparation method of the plant protein compound feed comprises the following steps ofTaking and mixing the raw material components to obtain the composition;
the preparation method of the mixed fermentation product comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing potato residues, mulberry leaf residues, cellulose and citric acid aqueous solution, and heating to obtain a mixture; wherein, the mass ratio of the potato residue to the mulberry leaf residue to the aqueous solution of cellulose and citric acid is 2:1.0:0.7:15, wherein the concentration of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.8g/mL, and the heating treatment is that the heating is carried out at 90 ℃ for 30min;
(2) Adding mixed bacteria and a mixture into the mixture for multiple fermentation to obtain a mixed fermentation product; wherein, the mass ratio of the mixture to the mixed bacteria to the mixture is 0.3:4:1600; the fermentation time is 48 hours;
the preparation method of the admixture comprises the following steps:
1) Adding chlorella mud into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic soaking treatment, adding sargassum polysaccharide, stirring and mixing, leaching, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain solution A;
wherein, the mixed solution is prepared from sodium citrate, cellulase and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 5:0.8:80, wherein the ultrasonic soaking treatment is to obtain a suspension after soaking for 10min at 25 ℃, and adding the rest 50% suspension for ultrasonic treatment for 5min after ultrasonic treatment for 20min; the leaching condition is leaching for 12 hours under the light-shielding condition; the feed liquid ratio of the chlorella mud to the mixed solution is 1.2g:80mL; the mass ratio of the astaxanthin to the gulfweed polysaccharide in the solution A is 1:2.5;
2) Uniformly mixing phytosterol oleate, curcumin and soybean phospholipid, adding tween-80 and absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic treatment, and performing rotary evaporation and dispersion to obtain liposome;
wherein the ultrasonic treatment time is 15min; the mass ratio of the soybean phospholipid to the tween-80 to the curcumin to the phytosterol oleate is 4:2:0.5:0.8; the rotary evaporation dispersing condition is that the rotary evaporation dispersing is carried out on the reduced pressure of a rotary evaporator at 45 ℃;
3) Uniformly mixing the solution A and the mixed bacteria, and heating to obtain solution B;
wherein, the mass ratio of the liquid A to the mixed bacteria is 1:0.6; the heating condition is heating to 50 ℃;
4) Adding liposome into the solution B, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment, and drying to obtain a mixture;
wherein the ultrasonic oscillation treatment condition is that the ultrasonic oscillation treatment is carried out for 20min at the ultrasonic frequency of 450MHz and the oscillation frequency of 220 r/min; the mass ratio of the liquid B to the lipid film is 2:1, a step of; the drying is freeze drying;
the mixed bacteria are prepared from lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.2:0.2:0.2:0.9:0.1: 0.2.
Comparative example 1
The plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 59 parts of corn, 17.5 parts of bean pulp, 7.5 parts of wheat bran, 0.25 part of salt, 7 parts of stone powder, 0.11 part of choline chloride, 12.5 parts of mixed fermentation product, 0.25 part of compound vitamin and 0.6 part of compound mineral element;
in comparison with example 2, the difference is that comparative example 1 does not use phytase, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are identical.
Comparative example 2
The plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 59 parts of corn, 30 parts of bean pulp, 7.5 parts of wheat bran, 0.5 part of phytase, 0.25 part of salt, 7 parts of stone powder, 0.11 part of choline chloride, 0.25 part of compound vitamin and 0.6 part of compound mineral element;
in comparison with example 2, the difference is that comparative example 2 does not use a mixed ferment, and 30 parts of soybean meal is used, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are identical.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the mixed fermentation product comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing mulberry leaf residue, cellulase and citric acid aqueous solution, and heating to obtain a mixture; wherein, the mass ratio of the mulberry leaf residue to the cellulose to the citric acid aqueous solution is 2.85:0.6:12.5, wherein the concentration of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.7g/mL, and the heating treatment is that the heating is carried out at 88 ℃ for 23min;
in comparison with example 2, the difference is that comparative example 3 does not use potato residue, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are identical.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the mixed fermentation product comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing potato residues, cellulase and citric acid aqueous solution, and heating to obtain a mixture; wherein the mass ratio of the potato residues to the cellulose to the citric acid aqueous solution is 2.85:0.6:12.5, wherein the concentration of the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.7g/mL, and the heating treatment is that the heating is carried out at 88 ℃ for 23min;
in comparison with example 2, the difference is that comparative example 4 does not use mulberry leaf residue, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are identical.
Comparative example 5
In the step (2), adding a mixture to the mixture for multiple fermentation to obtain a mixed fermentation product; wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the mixture is 0.2:1550; the fermentation time is 40 hours;
in comparison with example 2, comparative example 5 was different in that the mixture was subjected to multiple fermentation without using mixed bacteria in step (2), and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters were identical.
Comparative example 6
The difference compared with example 2 is that the mixture used in comparative example 6 is liquid B, i.e., liquid B is not subjected to film treatment, and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters are identical.
Comparative example 7
In comparison with example 2, comparative example 7 was different in that no gulfweed polysaccharide was used in step 1), and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters were identical.
Comparative example 8
The difference compared with example 2 is that the mixed liquor in step 1) of comparative example 8 does not use cellulase, and the rest components, preparation steps and parameters are consistent.
Comparative example 9
In comparison with example 2, comparative example 9 was different in that curcumin was not used in step 2), and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters were identical.
Comparative example 10
In comparison with example 2, comparative example 10 was different in that no mixed bacteria were used in step 3), and the remaining components, preparation steps and parameters were identical.
Growth test
The feeds prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were subjected to growth tests, specifically, 50-day-old North China's chickens 260 with similar weights were selected for under-forest cultivation, and were randomly divided into 13 groups, initial weight data were recorded at age of 51 days, final weight data were recorded at age of 71 days, and feed intake was recorded every day. During the test, the feed was twice daily to ensure adequate drinking water, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Note that: the same column of data shoulder marks have no letters or the same letters indicate that the difference is not significant (P > 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate that the difference is extremely significant (P < 0.01).
From the test results in Table 1, the test results for preparing feeds according to examples 1 to 3 of the embodiment of the present invention are significantly better than those of comparative examples 1 to 10.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The plant-derived protein compound feed based on complex flora multiple fermentation is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
58-60 parts of corn, 16-19 parts of soybean meal, 7-8 parts of wheat bran, 0.4-0.6 part of phytase, 0.2-0.3 part of salt, 6-8 parts of stone powder, 0.10-0.12 part of choline chloride, 10-15 parts of mixed fermentation product, 0.2-0.3 part of compound vitamin and 0.5-0.7 part of compound mineral element;
the preparation method of the mixed fermentation product comprises the following steps:
(1) Uniformly mixing potato residues, mulberry leaf residues, cellulose and citric acid aqueous solution, and heating to obtain a mixture;
(2) Adding mixed bacteria and a mixture into the mixture for multiple fermentation to obtain a mixed fermentation product;
the preparation method of the admixture comprises the following steps:
1) Adding chlorella mud into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic soaking treatment, adding sargassum polysaccharide, stirring and mixing, leaching, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain solution A;
2) Uniformly mixing phytosterol oleate, curcumin and soybean phospholipid, adding tween-80 and absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic treatment, and performing rotary evaporation and dispersion to obtain liposome;
3) Uniformly mixing the solution A and the mixed bacteria, and heating to obtain solution B;
4) Adding liposome into the solution B, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation treatment, and drying to obtain a mixture;
wherein the mixed bacteria are mixed bacteria consisting of lactobacillus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, candida utilis, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus coagulans and clostridium butyricum.
2. The complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: in the step (1), the mass ratio of the potato residue to the mulberry leaf residue to the aqueous solution of cellulase and citric acid is 2:0.7-1.0:0.5-0.7:10-15, wherein the concentration of the aqueous solution of citric acid is 0.5-0.8g/mL, and the heating treatment is that heating is carried out for 15-30min at 85-90 ℃; in the step (2), the mass ratio of the mixture to the mixed bacteria to the mixture is 0.1-0.3:3-4:1500-1600; the fermentation time is 30-48h.
3. The complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the lactobacillus, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis, the candida utilis, the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus coagulans and the clostridium butyricum is 0.5-1.5:0.6-1.2:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.2:0.4-0.9:0.01-0.1:0.05-0.2.
4. The complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: in the step 1), the mixed solution is prepared from sodium citrate, cellulase and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 5:0.8:60-80, wherein the ultrasonic soaking treatment is to obtain a suspension after soaking for 10min at 20-25 ℃, ultrasonic treating 50% of the suspension for 10-20min, adding the rest 50% of the suspension, and ultrasonic treating for 3-5min; the leaching condition is leaching for 10-12h under the condition of avoiding light; the feed liquid ratio of the chlorella mud to the mixed solution is 1-1.2g:70-80mL; the mass ratio of the astaxanthin to the gulfweed polysaccharide in the solution A is 1:2.5.
5. the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: in the step 2), the ultrasonic treatment time is 10-15min; the mass ratio of the soybean phospholipid to the tween-80 to the curcumin to the phytosterol oleate is 4:2:0.4-0.5:0.6-0.8; the rotary evaporation dispersing condition is that the rotary evaporation dispersing is carried out on a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure at 40-45 ℃.
6. The complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: in the step 3), the mass ratio of the solution A to the mixed bacteria is 1:0.4-0.6; the heating condition is heating to 45-50 ℃.
7. The complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: in the step 4), the ultrasonic oscillation treatment condition is that the ultrasonic frequency is 250-450MHz, the oscillation frequency is 120-220r/min, and the ultrasonic oscillation treatment is 15-20min; the mass ratio of the liquid B to the lipid film is 2:1, a step of; the drying is freeze drying.
8. The complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: the compound vitamin comprises 8000IU/kg of vitamin A and 8000IU/kg of vitamin B 1 3.5mg/kg, vitamin B 2 2.2mg/kg, vitamin B 6 6.6mg/kg, 800IU/kg of vitamin D, 25IU/kg of vitamin E and 4.5mg/kg of vitamin K.
9. The complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: the composite mineral elements comprise 240mg/kg of ferrous sulfate, 120mg/kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 90mg/kg of copper sulfate, 220mg/kg of zinc sulfate and 85mg/kg of manganese sulfate.
10. The complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial community-based multi-fermented plant-derived protein compound feed is characterized in that: the preparation method of the plant protein compound feed comprises the steps of weighing raw material components according to parts by weight and mixing the raw material components.
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| CN (1) | CN116784418A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-17 CN CN202310873876.6A patent/CN116784418A/en active Pending
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