CN116763895A - 一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油及其制备与应用 - Google Patents
一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油及其制备与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明为一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油及其制备与应用。中医药技术领域。包括花椒油、胡椒油、樟树皮油、樟树叶油、桉油、椒样薄荷油、薄荷油、生姜油、丁香花蕾油、丁香叶油、肉桂油、桂枝油、小茴香油、八角茴香油、丁香罗勒油、艾草油、百里香油、沉香醇百里香油、广藿香油、肉豆蔻油、羌活油、独活油、伸筋草油、杜仲油、续断油、接骨草油、防风油、紫苏叶油、辛夷花油、石菖蒲油、银杏叶油、陈皮油、玫瑰油、红景天油、人参油、白术油、苍术油、厚朴油、川芎油、红花油、藏红花油、当归油、白芷油、丹参油、乳香油、没药油、安息香油、苏合香油、木香油、香附油、沉香油、檀香油、降香油、薄荷脑、乙醇、维生素E油和葡萄籽油。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药技术领域,更具体的说是涉及一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油及其制备与应用。
背景技术
中国传统医学源远流长,芳香中药和芳香疗法的应用在中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的临床经验,随着2020版《中国药典》第一部的颁布,植物油脂和提取物单独成为一个章节,并且明确了相应的执行标准和检验方法。但与国际上芳香疗法的蓬勃发展相比,我国芳香疗法现还停留在传统医学煎煮萃取方法或是单一有效物质应用,缺乏现代化制剂的研究和应用。
慢性疲劳综合征(Chronic Fatigue Syndrome,CFS)是一种长期亚健康状态,以无明确原因的疲劳持续或反复发作为特征,伴有记忆力或注意力下降、头身疼痛、肌肉疼痛(或无力不适感、类流感症状)和睡眠障碍等非特异性表现。由于现代生活方式改变、生活节奏加快,CFS发病率逐年升髙。CFS发病率约为0.2%~2.54%,中年女性多见,男女发病率之比约为1:2。长期慢性疲劳使患者生活质量下降、增加医疗支出、降低社会生产力。
现代医学认为其发病机制主要有:1、神经内分泌紊乱:神经内分泌紊乱可能与CFS有关,特别是神经递质5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)系统功能紊乱和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenalaxis,HPA)系统的活性降低。2、免疫功能异常:CFS可能存在免疫功能异常,包括慢性免疫激活、免疫细胞对多克隆刺激的反应性降低、炎症和细胞因子改变以及自身和其他特殊抗体的产生。高水平的促炎症因子可以导致疲劳和流感样症状。3、氧化应激:有证据表明CFS伴随炎症激活、氧化应激和硝基化应激的增加。我国传统医学,将其归于“虚劳”、“百合病”等范畴,病机为气血阴阳亏虚、脏腑功能失调。
常规西医治疗手段无非是口服抗抑郁药物,或其他对症药物,如肌松剂、非甾体抗炎镇痛药。现国内外均流行采用植物精油香薰(快乐鼠尾草、薰衣草等)配合理疗、音乐,治疗慢性疲劳综合征;其中就有我国中医凭借流传千年的外治手法(推拿、艾灸、拔罐等)及各类型针灸(传统针灸、耳针、揿针)取得非常好的治疗效果。但由于慢性疲劳综合征发病周期长、易反复,患者需要每周去医疗机构治疗,一般社区医疗机构中医外治专业技术人员配置数量有限、且每周去接受治疗容易影响患者工作,反而增大患者工作压力,激发慢性疲劳综合征发病复发。
综上,如何提供一种天然植物提取挥发油是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油及其制备与应用。
其实现主要依靠传统中医学相关文献Meta、CiteSpace分析整理具有临床经验较多的方剂模型,配合多所院校研究过的天然植物挥发油-促透皮吸收原理,实现一种透皮辅料-治疗药物-香薰缓解的复合型疗法。
其香薰疗法原理主要依据为:降低了血管紧张素(ANG),白介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的水平,明显逆转了的抑郁和焦虑样行为。生理调节机制-嗅觉通路:芳香吸嗅疗法发挥作用的途径主要依赖嗅觉通路,嗅觉系统是人体最早发育的感觉器官。芳香吸嗅疗法发挥作用的具体流程如下:挥发性的芳香气味分子通过吸嗅进入肺部或鼻粘膜,进而吸收入毛细血管循环或者与分布在嗅黏膜内的嗅觉感受器相接触,嗅黏膜表面的纤毛接受气味分子的刺激,另一端发出嗅神经纤维,共同集中于一起形成嗅丝,这些嗅丝穿过鼻腔顶的筛孔并且可直接绕过血脑屏障终止于嗅球,嗅球的神经元再发出的纤维组成嗅束,嗅束的纤维经过脑内多次神经元的接替,最后将气味信息传导到位于大脑深处的嗅皮质,在此完成了嗅觉的主观识别,使得大脑由表及里受到的芳香疗法的“滋养”,从而产生相对应的生理反应,例如兴奋、镇静、舒缓放松的作用。作为与大脑连接最紧密的一部分,诸多文献证明芳香吸嗅可减轻AD、抑郁症、焦虑症等疾病的症状。
挥发油促透皮吸收原料主要依据为:皮肤最外层的角质层是限制药物透皮吸收的最主要屏障,大部分药物都难以透过。应用透皮吸收促进剂(PE)是迄今研究最多、应用最普遍、使用最方便的透皮吸收促进方法,而萜类成分既是中药挥发油的主要活性成分,也可作为PE应用,其中薄荷醇、薄荷酮、1,8-桉叶素等已被美国FDA列为GRAS(Generallyrecognized as safe)物质。据统计,在有报道作为PE应用的28种萜类成分中,有23种为含氧单萜,占总数的82.14%。可以说,含氧单萜是萜类PE的主流,其透皮吸收促进机制主要是干扰角质层脂质排列或发生脂质萃取作用,从而降低皮肤屏障功能。含氧单萜分为环状和链状两种,有报道指出,链状含氧单萜的效果可能优于环状,因为其链状结构更易于深入角质层细胞间脂质结构中发挥作用,但也有报道环状含氧单萜PE的透皮吸收促进效果优于链状含氧单萜,因此本发明选择了9种中药挥发油常见含氧单萜成分,系统比较其透皮吸收促进效果和皮肤细胞毒性,以期阐明含氧单萜结构对其作为PE应用的影响。
另考虑到近年来中药材价格剧烈变化,中药提取挥发油成本也相应提高及治疗涂抹部位较广、单次治疗成本较高,不利于广大消费者使用;本发明通过优化配方结构,如添加基底油、调整肤感调节剂比例、将部分名贵中药替换为更加亲民品种(或降低使用比例),在保障治疗效果的前提下,更好的服务于广大各级市场消费人群。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油,包括如下质量份数的组分:
花椒油5~15份、胡椒油1~5份、樟树皮油5~15份、樟树叶油15~40份、桉油10~40份、椒样薄荷油5~10份、薄荷油15~30份、生姜油15~30份、丁香花蕾油20~40份、丁香叶油5~15份、肉桂油15~30份、桂枝油10~20份、小茴香油5~10份、八角茴香油15~30份、丁香罗勒油20~40份、艾草油10~20份、百里香油20~50份、沉香醇百里香油10~20份、广藿香油10~20份、肉豆蔻油10~20份、羌活油10~15份、独活油1~5份、伸筋草油1~5份、杜仲油1~10份、续断油10~20份、接骨草油10~15份、防风油10~20份、紫苏叶油1~5份、辛夷花油1~5份、石菖蒲油1~5份、银杏叶油5~10份、陈皮油10~20份、玫瑰油1~5份、红景天油10~20份、人参油1~5份、白术油10~20份、苍术油10~20份、厚朴油10~20份、川芎油10~20份、红花油1~5份、藏红花油0.5~3份、当归油5~10份、白芷油1~5份、丹参油5~10份、乳香油1~5份、没药油5~10份、安息香油2~5份、苏合香油1~5份、木香油1~5份、香附油1~5份、沉香油0.5~5份、檀香油1~5份、降香油1~5份、薄荷脑10~20份、乙醇20~40份、维生素E油5~10份和葡萄籽油50~100份。
葡萄籽油为基础油,配合中医、理疗手法及器械,起润滑皮肤的作用。基础油除了直接用来按摩皮肤之外还是稀释精油的基底油。
原药香型不可作为单一香薰精油使用,基底油比例调整后,导致热挥发为普通果实类油脂味。
白术油/精油,白术(ATRACTYLODES MACROCEPHALA)根茎提取物,菊科植物的茎,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕红色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功能为:补气健脾,燥湿利水,固表止汗,安胎;中医学主治:于脾胃气虚之神疲体倦,食欲不振,脘腹虚胀,大便溏泄,甚则水肿,小便不利,湿痹酸痛,表虚自汗,胎动不安。本品现代学研究还具有:改善记忆作用;监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
苍术油/精油,苍术(ATRACTYLODESCHINENSIS)根茎提取物,菊科植物的根茎,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕黄至棕红色粘稠油状液体,流体液体流性较差,仅浓稠,可完全溶解于脂类溶剂。功效为:燥湿消痰,下气除满。中医学主治为:用于湿阻中焦,脘腹胀满,泄泻,水肿,脚气痿躄,风湿痹痛,风寒感冒,夜盲,眼目晕涩。本品现代学研究还具有:对中枢神经系统作用,小剂量是镇静作用。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
厚朴油/精油,厚朴(MAGNOLIAOFFICINALIS)树皮提取物,木兰科植物厚朴或凹叶厚朴的干燥干皮、根皮及枝皮,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕黄至棕红色粘稠油状液体,流体液体流性较差,仅浓稠,可完全溶解于脂类溶剂。功效为:燥湿消痰,下气除满。中医学主治为:湿滞伤中,脘痞吐泻,食积气滞,腹胀便秘,痰饮喘咳。本品现代学研究还具有:抗炎和镇痛、肌松、松弛血管平滑肌作用。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10-20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
川芎油/精油,川芎(LIGUSTICUM CHUANXIONG)提取物,伞形科植物的茎,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕红色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功能为:活血行气,祛风止痛。中医学主治为:用于胸痹心痛,胸胁心痛,跌扑肿痛,月经不调,经闭痛经,头痛,风湿痹痛。本品现代学研究还具有:抗炎、解热、镇静等作用。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
红花油/精油,红花(CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS)花提取物,菊科植物的花,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为黄色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:活血通经,祛瘀止痛。中医学主治为:用于血瘀痛经,经闭,产后恶露不行,瘀滞腹痛,癓瘕痞块,胸痹心痛,跌打瘀肿,胁腹瘀阻疼痛。本品现代学研究还具有:治疗冻疮作用,镇痛作用,对神经系统的作用。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
藏红花油/精油,番红花(CROCUS SATIVUS)花油或番红花(CROCUS SATIVUS)提取物,鸢尾科植物的花,采用超临界CO2提取法;提取后,为黄色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功能为:活血化瘀,散郁开结。中医学主治:治忧思郁结,胸膈痞闷,吐血,伤寒发狂,惊怖恍惚,妇女经闭,产后瘀血腹痛,跌扑肿痛。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料,由于食品标准为仅作为调味剂使用,实施方案需调整剂量。不同实施例,约0.5~3份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
当归油/精油,当归(ANGELICA POLYMORPHASINENSIS)根提取物,伞形科植物的根,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕红色粘稠油状液体,流体液体流性较差,仅浓稠,可完全溶解于脂类溶剂。功效为:补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。中医学主治为:用于血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸,月经不调,经闭痛经,虚寒腹痛,风湿痹痛,跌打损伤,肠燥便秘。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~10份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
白芷油/精油,药品使用(食品也可使用)白芷(ANGELICA DAHURICA)提取物,保健用品、化妆品主要使用滨海当归(ANGELICA KEISKEI)提取物,两种均属于伞形科植物的根,监管调整考量安全性,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕黄或棕红色粘稠油状液体,流体液体流性较差,仅浓稠,可完全溶解于脂类溶剂。功效为:燥湿健脾,祛风散寒,明目。中医学主治为:用于血虚萎黄,月经不调,自汗,盗汗,胁痛,腹痛,四肢痉挛。本品现代学研究还具有:抗炎、解热镇痛、解痉、降压、抗辐射等作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
苏合香油/精油,苏合香(LIQUIDAMBARORIENTALIS)提取物,金缕梅科植物的树脂,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕黄色至暗棕色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:开窍,辟秽,止痛。中医学主治为:用于中风痰厥,猝然晕倒,胸痹心痛,胸腹冷痛,惊痫。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
木香油/精油,云木香(SAUSSUREA LAPPA)根提取物,菊科植物的根,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕红色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:活血止痛,健脾消食。中医学主治为:用于胸胁、脘腹胀痛,泻痢后重,食积不消,不思饮食。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
香附油/精油,香附子(CYPERUS ROTUNDUS)根提取物,莎草科植物的根,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:疏肝理气,调经止痛。中医学主治为:胸胁痞满,脘腹胀痛,寒疝腹痛,行经腹痛,乳房胀痛,闭经,疏肝解郁,行气止痛。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
沉香油/精油,沉香(AQUILARIAE LIGNUMRESINATUM)提取物,瑞香科植物的木块,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为浅黄色至浅黄褐色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:为行气止痛,温中止呕,纳气平喘。中医学主治为:用于胸腹胀闷疼痛,畏寒呕吐呃逆,肾虚气逆喘急。本品现代学研究还具有:抗菌、止痛作用。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约0.5~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
檀香油/精油,檀香(SANTALUM ALBUM)油,檀香科植物的木块,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为金黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:收湿敛疮,止咳利咽,利尿通淋,镇静安神,止痛。中医学主治为:缓解压力、焦虑、神经紧张。本品现代学研究还具有:有抗抑郁、抗炎、解痉、镇静作用。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
花椒油/精油,花椒(ZANTHOXYLUM BUNGEANUM)果提取物,芸香科植物的果实,采用超临界CO2提取法;提取后,为棕黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功能为:温中止痛,杀虫止痒;中医学主治:用于脾胃虚寒,脘腹冷痛,呕吐泄泻,蛔虫腹痛,龋齿牙痛,阴痒带下,湿疹瘙痒;本品现代学研究还具有:抗氧化作用,抑菌作用,所以本品也作为天然抗氧化剂和防腐剂使用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~15份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
胡椒油/精油,胡椒(PIPERNIGRUM)果油,胡椒科植物胡椒的干燥近成熟或成熟果实,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为浅黄色至浅黄褐色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:温中散寒,下气,消痰。中医学主治为:治寒痰食积,脘腹冷痛,反胃,呕吐清水,泄泻,冷痢。并解食物毒。胃寒呕吐,腹痛泄泻,食欲不振,癫痫痰多。本品现代学研究还具有:抗惊厥、抗抑郁作用,镇静、镇痛、抗炎作用,对平滑肌的作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
安息香油/精油,安息香(STYRAX BENZOIN)树脂提取物,安息香科植物的树脂,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为棕红色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:开窍醒神,行气活血,止痛。中医学主治为:用于中风痰厥,气郁暴厥,中恶昏迷,心腹疼痛,产后血晕,小儿惊风。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约2~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
红景天油/精油,红景天(RHODIOLA ROSEA)提取物或红景天(RHODIOLA ROSEA)根提取物,红景天植物的根,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:补气清肺;益智养心;收涩止血;散瘀消肿。中医学主治为:主气虚体弱;病后畏寒;气短乏力;肺热咳嗽;咯血;白带腹泻;跌打损伤;烫火伤;神经症;高原反应等。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
人参油/精油,人参(PANAX GINSENG)根提取物,五加科人参属植物的根,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:大补元气,固脱生津,安神。中医学主治为:治劳伤虚损,食少,倦怠,反胃吐食,大便滑泄,虚咳喘促,自汗暴脱,惊悸,健忘,眩晕头痛,阳痿,尿频,消渴,妇女崩漏,小儿慢惊,及久虚不复,一切气血津液不足之证。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
樟树皮油/精油,樟树(CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA)树皮油,樟科植物樟的树皮,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:通窍辟秽,温中止痛,利湿杀虫。中医学主治为:用于寒湿吐泻,胃腹疼痛,脚气,跌打损伤,疥癣,龋齿作痛。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5-15份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
樟树叶油/精油,樟树(CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA)叶提取物,科植物樟的树叶,用水蒸汽蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;本品功能主治与樟树皮一致,使用本品及上述樟树皮油添加目的主要为替代药品标准的樟脑,樟脑为樟科樟属植物樟Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl.的根、干、枝、叶经蒸馏精制而成的颗粒状物。药品级别可以正常使用,但考虑到樟脑具有轻微毒性(樟脑中医理论:为辛;热;有小毒;现代医学认为有黏膜刺激性),所以调整为国际上评价更安全的樟树皮及叶作为原料,首先剔除含二氯苯、萘较高的根、干。化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约15~40份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
桉(叶)油/精油,蓝桉(EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS)叶油或蓝桉(EUCALYPTUSGLOBULUS)油,药典名称为:桉油,桃金娘科植物蓝桉的树叶,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:疏风解表,清热解毒,化痰理气,杀虫止痒。中医学主治为:感冒,高热喘咳,百日咳,脘腹胀痛,腹泻,痢疾,钩,丝虫病,疟疾,风湿痛,湿疹,疥癣,烧烫伤,外伤出血。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~40份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
广藿香油/精油,广藿香(POGOSTEMON CABLIN)油,唇形科植物的全株,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为棕红色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:芳香化浊,和中止呕,发表解暑。中医学主治为:用于湿浊中阻,脘痞呕吐,暑湿表征,湿温初起,发热倦怠,胸闷不舒,寒湿闭署,腹痛吐泻,呕吐。本品现代学研究还具有:有防腐和抗菌作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
肉豆蔻油/精油,肉豆蔻(MYRISTICAFRAGRANS)仁油,姜科植物的果实,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:化湿行气,温中止呕,开胃消食。中医学主治为:用于湿浊中阻,不思饮食,胸腹胀痛,食积不消,湿温初起,胸闷不饥,寒湿呕逆。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
丹参油/精油,丹参(SALVIA MILTIORRHIZA)根提取物,唇形科植物的根,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为浅棕红色至浅黄绿色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:活血祛瘀,通经止痛,清心除烦,凉血消痈。中医学主治为:用于胸痹心痛,脘腹胁痛,癓积瘕聚,热痹疼痛,心烦失眠,月经不调,痛经闭经,跌打损伤。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~10份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
乳香油/精油,乳香(BOSWELLIA CARTERII)油,橄榄科植物的树脂,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:活血止痛,消肿生肌。中医学主治为:用于胸痹心痛,胃脘疼痛,痛经经闭,产后瘀阻,风湿痹痛。经现代学研究本品还具有:具有安神镇静、止痛消炎、抗菌等作用。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
没药油/精油,没药(COMMIPHORA MYRRHA)树脂提取物,橄榄科植物地丁树、哈地丁树的干燥树脂,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为浅黄色至浅黄褐色油状液体,液体流动性差;功效为:活血止痛;消肿生肌。中医学主治为:主胸腹瘀痛;痛经;经闭;症瘕;跌打损伤;痈肿疮疡;肠痈;目赤肿痛。用于跌打淤血肿痛,痈疽肿痛,胸腹诸痛;外用治疮口久不收敛。本品现代学研究还具有:没药中含有的没药醇等成分,可以有效缓解人体内的疼痛感觉,提高人体的疼痛耐受性。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~10份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
椒样薄荷油/精油,辣薄荷(MENTHA PIPERITA)油,唇形科植物的全株,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;本品医学作用与薄荷油/精油原料作用一致,单独添加主要作用为:清凉剂或肤感调节剂使用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~10份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
薄荷油/精油,薄荷(MENTHA HAPLOCALYX)油,唇形科植物的叶,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:疏散风热,清利头目,利咽,透疹,疏肝行气。中医学主治为:用于风热感冒,风温初起,头痛,目赤,喉痹,口疮,风疹,麻疹,胸胁胀闷。经现代学研究本品还具有:有镇痛,止痒作用,抗刺激,杀菌作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约15-30份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
生姜油/精油,姜(ZINGIBER OFFICINALE)根油,姜科植物的根茎,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为浅棕黄至浅棕红色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:解表散寒,温中止呕,化痰止咳。中医学主治为:用于风寒感冒,胃寒呕吐,寒痰咳嗽。经现代学研究本品还具有:具有止吐作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约15~30份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
紫苏叶油/精油,紫苏(PERILLA OCYMOIDES)叶提取物,唇形科植物的叶,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为棕黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:解表散寒、行气和胃。中医学主治为:用于风寒感冒,咳嗽呕恶,妊娠呕吐,鱼蟹中毒。经现代学研究本品还具有:提高记忆力,促使脑神经细胞突触生长。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
辛夷花油/精油,望春花(MAGNOLIA BIONDII)花提取物,木兰科植物的花,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:散风寒,通鼻窍。中医学主治为:用于风寒头痛,鼻塞流涕,鼻鼽,鼻渊。经现代学研究本品还具有:局部收敛抑菌、消炎作用,镇痛作用,松弛横纹肌作用,抗过敏作用。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
石菖蒲油/精油,石菖蒲(ACORUS CALAMUS)根提取物,天南星科植物的根,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:开窍豁痰,醒神益智,化湿开胃。中医学主治为:用于神昏癫痫,健忘失眠,耳鸣耳聋,脘痞不饥,噤口下痢。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
银杏叶油/精油,银杏(GINKGO BILOBA)叶提取物,银杏科植物的叶,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:益心敛肺,化湿止泻。中医学主治为:治胸闷心痛,心悸怔忡,痰喘咳嗽,泻痢,白带。经现代学研究本品还具有:改善微循环作用。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~10份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
陈皮油/精油,柑橘(CITRUS RETICULATA)果皮提取物,芸香科植物的果皮,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:理气,调中,燥湿,化痰。中医学主治为:治胸腹胀满,不思饮食,呕吐哕逆,咳嗽痰多。亦解鱼、蟹毒。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
玫瑰精油,突厥蔷薇(ROSA DAMASCENA)花油,蔷薇科植物的花,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:理气解郁,和血散瘀。中医学主治为:治肝胃气痛,新久风痹,吐血咯血,月经不调,赤白带下,痢疾,乳痈,肿毒。两用成分,除中医功效外,也作为调(矫)味剂/芳香剂使用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
丁香花蕾油/精油,丁香(EUGENIA CARYOPHYLLUS)花蕾油,桃金娘科植物的花蕾,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:温中降逆,补肾助阳。中医学主治为:用于脾胃虚寒,呃逆呕吐,食少吐泻,心腹冷痛,肾虚阳痿,宫冷。本品现代学研究还具有:抗菌、镇痛、控制炎症等药理作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约20~40份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
丁香叶油/精油,丁香(EUGENIA CARYOPHYLLUS)叶油,桃金娘科植物的叶,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为/中医学主治同丁香花蕾油。同时添加丁香花蕾油与丁香叶油目的为:确保丁香中的色原酮和黄酮类化合物含量,抗菌镇痛作用的主要成分。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~15份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
肉桂油/精油,肉桂(CINNAMOMUM CASSIA)提取物或肉桂(CINNAMOMUM CASSIA)树皮提取物,樟科植物的树皮,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为浅棕黄至浅黄绿色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:补火助阳,引火归原,散寒止痛,温通经脉。中医学主治为:用于阳痿宫冷,腰膝冷痛,心腹冷痛,虚汗吐泻,寒疝腹痛,痛经经闭,寒湿痹痛,阴疽流注,肾虚作喘,虚阳上浮,眩晕目赤。经现代学研究本品还具有:有杀菌、镇静、解热、抗惊厥等作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约15~30份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
桂枝油/精油,肉桂(CINNAMOMUM CASSIA)提取物或肉桂(CINNAMOMUM CASSIA)树皮提取物,均为樟科植物,桂枝特指樟科植物嫩枝干燥后,与肉桂主要区分为:嫩枝和单一树皮,化妆品级别不区分具体名词,监管最高含量值与肉桂合并管理(既含量比例合并肉桂总含量)。提取后,为浅棕黄至明黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:发表解肌、温经通脉、助阳化气、平冲降气。中医学主治为:风寒感冒、寒凝血滞诸痛症、痰饮、蓄水证、心悸。经现代学研究本品还具有:具有解热镇痛、镇静及抗惊厥的作用;具有明显的抗炎的作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
小茴香油/精油,茴香(FOENICULUM VULGARE)油,伞形科植物的种子,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:散寒止痛,理气和胃。中医学主治为:用于寒疝腹痛,睾丸偏坠,痛经,少腹冷痛,脘腹胀痛,食少吐血。经现代学研究本品还具有:具有抗菌作用,尤其针对真菌孢子、鸟型结核分枝杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌有显著作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~10份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
八角茴香油/精油,八角茴香(ILLICIUM VERUM)油或八角茴香(ILLICIUM VERUM)果/籽油,木兰科植物的种子,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:温阳散寒,调理和胃,理气止痛。中医学主治为:用于寒疝腹痛,腰膝冷痛,胃寒呕吐,脘腹疼痛。经现代学研究本品还具有:抗菌作用,镇痛作用,抗氧化作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约15~30份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
丁香罗勒油/精油,罗勒(OCIMUM BASILICUM)油,药典名称为:丁香罗勒油,唇形科植物的全株,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:局部镇痛、防腐药。中医学主治为:用治龋齿等。两用成分,除局部镇痛外,也作为天然防腐剂使用。监管级别:化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约20~40份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
艾叶油/精油,艾(ARTEMISIA ARGYI)叶提取物,菊科植物艾叶的叶,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:理气血,逐寒湿;温经,止血,安胎。中医学主治为:心腹冷痛,泄泻转筋,久痢,吐衄,下血,月经不调,崩漏,带下,胎动不安,痈疡,疥癣。经现代学研究本品还具有:抗炎,镇痛,抗过敏等作用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
羌活油/精油,羌活(NOTOPTERYGIUM INCISUM)提取物,伞形科羌活属植物根及根茎。用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:散表寒;祛风湿;利关节;止痛。中医学主治为:主外感风寒;头痛无汗;油印寒湿痹;风水浮肿;疮疡肿毒。经现代学研究本品还具有:抗炎,镇痛作用。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~15份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
独活油/精油,独活(ANGELICA PUBESCENS)提取物,植物重齿毛当归的根,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为浅黄色至浅黄褐色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:祛风胜湿;散寒止痛。中医学主治为:风寒挟湿头痛;腰膝疼痛;头痛齿痛,少阴伏风头痛、手脚挛痛,慢性气管炎。本品现代学研究还具有:镇静、催眠、镇痛、抗炎作用。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。由于本品属于经典羌活-独活组方,从中医学角度属于必要成分,但本品存在一定导致光敏性皮炎物质(补骨脂素衍化物),各实施例均未超过0.2%含量。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。由于本品属于经典羌活-独活组方,从中医学角度属于必要成分,但本品存在一定导致光敏性皮炎物质(补骨脂素衍化物),各实施例均未超过0.2%含量。
伸筋草油/精油,石松/欧洲石松(LYCOPODIUM CLAVATUM)提取物,石松科植物石松的干燥全草。用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:祛风散寒、除湿消肿、舒筋活血。中医学主治为:风寒湿痹,关节酸痛,皮肤麻木,四肢软弱,水肿,外用治跌打扭伤肿痛。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
降香油/精油,降香(DALBERGIA ODORIFERA)提取物,豆科植物降香檀树干和根的干燥心材,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为浅黄色至浅黄褐色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:行气活血,止血止痛,降气,辟秽。中医学主治为:胸胁疼痛,跌打损伤,肝郁胁痛,胸痹刺痛,创伤出血,寒疝疼痛或秽浊内阻之呕吐腹痛。本品现代学研究还具有:降香主含挥发油及黄酮类成分,有镇静、镇痛、抗惊作用。监管级别:保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~5份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
杜仲油/精油,杜仲(EUCOMMIA ULMOIDES)树皮提取物,杜仲科植物杜仲的树皮,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎。中医学主治为:肾虚腰痛,筋骨无力,腰膝酸痛,阳痿,尿频,小便余沥,风湿痹痛,胎动不安,习惯性流产。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约1~10份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
续断油/精油,野续断(DIPSACUS SYLVESTRIS)提取物,续断科植物续断的根,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:补肝肾、强筋骨、调血脉、续折伤、止崩漏。中医学主治为:腰背酸痛;肢节痿痹;跌扑创伤、损筋折骨、胎动漏红、血崩、遗精、带下、痈疽疮肿。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10-20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
接骨草(接骨木)油/精油,接骨木/西洋接骨木(SAMBUCUS NIGRA)油,五福花科接骨木属高大草本或亚灌木,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:祛风利湿;活血;止血。中医学主治为:主风湿痹痛;痛风;大骨节病;急慢性肾炎;风疹;跌打损伤;骨折肿痛;外伤出血。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~15份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
防风油/精油,防风(SAPOSHNIKOVIA DIVARICATA)根提取物,伞形科植物防风的根,采用超临界CO2提取法。提取后,为浅黄色至浅黄褐色油状液体,液体流动性较好;功效为:祛风解表,除湿止痛,止痉。中医学主治为:感冒头痛,风湿痹痛,风疹瘙痒,破伤风、风湿痹痛、破伤风角弓反张、牙关紧闭、抽搐痉挛等症。本品现代学研究还具有:解热、降温、镇痛、镇静和抗惊厥、抗菌、抗炎、抗组胺、增强免疫系统功能等作用;监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
薄荷脑/薄荷醇,薄荷醇(MENTHOL)/薄荷脑(MENTHOLUM),由于提取设备不同,水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺仅提取了植物薄荷中挥发油成分,其提取废水-水溶物为薄荷醇类(薄荷醇露类),即使二次蒸馏也由于循环水细菌-菌落数不符合最严格规定(药品级要求),所以本品使用外购原料,即使用单独提纯的薄荷脑结晶。医学作用与薄荷油作用一致,单独添加主要作用为:清凉剂或肤感调节剂使用。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。由于为结晶体,所以采用95%的乙醇或96%的双脱醛乙醇(无味乙醇),按乙醇2:1的比例配置成乙醇薄荷脑溶液使用。不同实施例,约10~20份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
百里香油/精油,麝香草(THYMUS VULGARIS)花/叶/茎提取物,用水蒸汽蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色透明至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;由于监管部门将麝香草提取物与麝香草酚按相同条件监管,所以麝香草提取物药理学作用为:麝香草酚的杀菌作用比苯酚强,且毒性低,对口腔咽喉黏膜有杀菌、杀真菌作用,对龋齿腔有防腐、局麻作用,用于口腔、咽喉的消毒杀菌、皮肤癣菌病、放射菌病及耳炎。能促进气管纤毛运动,有利于气管黏液的分泌,易起祛痰作用,再加有杀菌作用,故可用于治疗气管炎、百日咳等。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。不同实施例,约5~10份,成分最低量已可起到效果,份数调整仅是由于监管级别不同,导致其他成分占比比例影响。
维生素E油,Vitamin E/生育酚乙酸酯(TOCOPHERYL ACETATE),作为脂溶性天然抗氧化、稳定剂、增稠剂使用,所以采用外购食品或药品级别原料。管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。各实施方案比例均为5~10份,约0.7%~1%含量。
葡萄籽油/精油,氢化葡萄籽油(HYDROGENATED GRAPESEED OIL),外购原料,采用冷榨工艺为主。本成分作为基础油(又名基底油)使用,起润滑皮肤的作用,基础油除了直接用来按摩皮肤之外还是稀释精油的基底油。管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。各实施方案比例均为50~100份,约10~15%含量。
进一步的,一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油,包括如下质量份数的组分:
花椒油10份、胡椒油5份、樟树皮油10份、樟树叶油20份、桉油20份、椒样薄荷油5份、薄荷油15份、生姜油15份、丁香花蕾油20份、丁香叶油5份、肉桂油15份、桂枝油10份、小茴香油5份、八角茴香油15份、丁香罗勒油20份、艾草油10份、百里香油20份、沉香醇百里香油10份、广藿香油10份、肉豆蔻油10份、羌活油10份、独活油5份、伸筋草油5份、杜仲油10份、续断油10份、接骨草油10份、防风油10份、紫苏叶油1份、辛夷花油1份、石菖蒲油5份、银杏叶油5份、陈皮油10份、玫瑰油1份、红景天油10份、人参油5份、白术油10份、苍术油10份、厚朴油10份、川芎油10份、红花油5份、藏红花油2份、当归油5份、白芷油5份、丹参油5份、乳香油5份、没药油5份、安息香油5份、苏合香油3份、木香油5份、香附油5份、沉香油1份、檀香油1份、降香油5份、薄荷脑20份、乙醇40份、维生素E油5份和葡萄籽油50份。
进一步的,还包括调味剂。
进一步的,所述调味剂为沉香醇百里香油、罗马洋甘菊油、茉莉精油、香紫苏油、玫瑰油或薰衣草油。
沉香醇百里香油/精油,麝香草(THYMUS VULGARIS)花/叶油,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为无色透明至淡黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;此成分为两用成分,用于调(矫)味剂/芳香剂使用,并增强沉香味道,与沉香提取物主要成均为沉香醇,特定香型(型号)使用、比例较低。各实施方案比例均为1~5份。
罗马洋甘菊油,白花春黄菊(ANTHEMIS NOBILIS)花油,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为浅蓝色至浅黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;此成分主要用于调(矫)味剂/芳香剂使用,且特定香型(型号)使用、比例较低。各实施方案比例均为1~5份。
茉莉花油/精油,茉莉花(JASMINUM SAMBAC)花油,木犀科植物的花,中药饮片标准为干燥花,挥发油成分提取困难,此成分主要用于调(矫)味剂/芳香剂使用,特定香型(型号)使用、比例较低,且该花香掩盖其他香气明显,不作为基础配方添加,所以采用外购食品或药品级别原料。该原料也具有一定中医功效,功效为:理气,开郁,和中,辟秽。中医学主治为:用于胸膈不舒,泻痢腹痛,头晕头痛,目赤,疮毒。监管级别:食品、保健品(用品)、化妆品、药品可添加原料。各实施方案比例均为1~5份。
香紫苏油/精油,鼠尾草(SALVIA JAPONICA)提取物,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为浅黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;此成分主要用于调(矫)味剂/芳香剂使用,且特定香型(型号)使用、比例较低。各实施方案比例均为1~5份。
薰衣草油/精油,鼠尾草(SALVIA JAPONICA)提取物,用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺;提取后,为浅黄色油状液体,液体流动性较好;此成分主要用于调(矫)味剂/芳香剂使用,且该花香掩盖其他香气明显不作为基础配方添加,特定香型(型号)使用、比例较低。各实施方案比例均为1~5份。
上述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)分别将当归、白芷、花椒、藏红花、白术、川芎、红花、木香、香附、苍术、厚朴、苏合香、沉香、檀香、安息香、独活、降香、没药、防风、胡椒采用超临界CO2提取工艺进行提取,得到相对应的精油;
(2)分别将人参、广藿香、肉豆蔻、辣薄荷、薄荷、杜仲、生姜、紫苏叶、陈皮、丁香叶、丁香花蕾、肉桂、小茴香、八角茴香、红景天、丹参、银杏叶、樟树皮、樟树叶、乳香、辛夷花、桉树叶、石菖蒲、玫瑰、百里香、罗马洋甘菊、丁香罗勒、薰衣草、艾叶、羌活、伸筋草、桂枝、续断、接骨草采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺进行提取,得到相对应的精油;
(3)维生素E油、薄荷脑、乙醇、葡萄籽油作为添加剂;
将所述乙醇与薄荷脑按重量比2:1溶解,得乙醇薄荷脑溶液备用;
薄荷脑为结晶形态,薄荷脑可直接完全溶解于植物油中,提前配置乙醇薄荷脑溶液目的是减少搅拌时长,尽可能降低挥发油挥发;
(4)将液体流性好的精油混合、搅拌,搅拌速度为10rpm;
(5)继续添加液体流性差的精油混合、搅拌,搅拌速度为15~25rpm,搅拌时间为45~60min;
(6)调节转速至10rpm,添加玫瑰油、苏合香油、沉香油、檀香油、安息香油、藏红花油、乳香油和乙醇薄荷脑溶液,搅拌30min;
(7)静置、灌装即可。
灌装为棕色玻璃瓶配玻璃珠走珠涂抹瓶、棕色玻璃瓶喷雾式给药瓶、磨砂透明BFS一次性封装单次给药剂量包装,上述任意一种包装使用。
进一步的,若需添加调味剂,则在步骤(6)中添加。
进一步的,所述液体流性好的精油为丁香花蕾油、丁香叶油、花椒油、白术油、川芎油、红花油、木香油、香附油、人参油、广藿香油、肉豆蔻油、椒样薄荷油、薄荷油、生姜油、紫苏叶油、陈皮油、肉桂油、小茴香油、八角茴香油、丹参油、银杏叶油、樟树皮油、樟树叶油、辛夷花油、桉油、石菖蒲油、丁香罗勒油、红景天油、百里香油(麝香草油)、沉香百里香油、艾草油、羌活油、独活油、伸筋草油、降香油、杜仲油、桂枝油、续断油、接骨草油、防风油、胡椒油、葡萄籽油。
进一步的,所述液体流性差的精油为当归油、白芷油、苍术油、厚朴油、没药油、维生素E油。
进一步的,步骤(1)中所述超临界CO2提取工艺的具体操作为:
(11)将原料清洗、粉碎,分别投入超临界萃取釜中;
(12)对贮罐进行冷却,同时对萃取釜、解析釜进行加热,当加热至温度60~160℃时,对萃取釜、解析釜加压;
(13)当压力到达5.0~30MPa时,开始循环萃取;
(14)保持恒温恒压60℃、5.0MPa,萃取2小时,萃取出挥发油并收集至包装容器中,备用。
进一步的,步骤(2)中所述水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺的具体操作为:
(21)将原料清洗、粉碎,分别放置于蒸馏罐内,注入清水;
(22)通过蒸汽加热加压,700~1400Pa、100~120℃沸腾汽化后构成油水混合物蒸汽;
(23)经冷凝器得到精油和水的混合物;
(24)将油水分离,得挥发油,装入铝瓶密封存储于阴凉处,备用。
上述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油在制备抗炎、镇痛、缓解疲劳药物中的应用。
上述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油在制备治疗肌痛性脑脊髓炎-慢性疲劳综合征药物中的应用。
经由上述的技术方案可知,与现有技术相比,本发明取得的有益效果为:
中医方剂学理论依据:
本发明方剂学模型遵循中医传统方剂学“君臣佐使”理论基础,及2020年~2023年6月30日发表过与慢性疲劳综合征、骨关节、肌纤维疼痛相关文献的Meta、CiteSpace分析整理(按方剂整理、按有效药物整理共两次),总结出最有效的行气-解郁-活血止痛方剂模型及药物配比,且本发明是第一次利用现代制剂学-有效物质萃取技术-芳香中药有效物质-挥发油实现此方剂模型,且通过组方剔除(或替换)了部分现代学研究认为有轻微毒性物质,相比传统汤剂及中成药具有载药量高,杂质少,透皮吸收好的特性,具有跨时代意义。
现代医学、药理学依据:
本发明遵循《2021NICE指南:肌痛性脑脊髓炎(或脑病)/慢性疲劳综合征的诊断和管理(NG.206)》药物治疗部分(含复方药物)及康复、生活质量改善部分。选择了具有:镇痛、抗炎症、免疫调节、香薰&透皮抗抑郁的复方处方,综合性的改善患者慢性疲劳综合征生活质量及发病时症状。
且处方部分选用了,符合《中国药典2020版》第一部中明确具有抗炎镇痛作用的:丁香罗勒油-丁香酚、八角茴香油-反式茴香脑、广藿香油-百秋李醇、丹参提取物-迷迭香酸、肉桂油-桂皮醛、桉树油-桉油精、薄荷素油-薄荷脑、薄荷脑(单列成分)等;该上述成分不但作为有效成分,且可作为检验标准,符合国际标准,产品标准化生产、使用安全等级更上一个台阶。
在有效成分-有效的前提下,为了解决制剂(制品)透皮吸收问题,经国内外文献对比,调整了丁香花蕾油、薄荷油、当归油、川芎油、花椒油、桉树叶油、苍术油、香附油、防风、胡椒油(剂量小)、石菖蒲(弱)、羌活(弱)等9味成分剂量,解决有效成分透皮吸收问题,既天然挥发油-促透皮吸收作用,一种成分两种作用;且上述成分均经过各大高校基础毒理试验,成分温和有效,循证证据充分。
药物治疗经济性依据:
由于本发明旨在解决一个慢性症状且该综合征有一定复发几率,发病肌肉群、部位用药面积较大-单次治疗成本问题与治疗效果将是一个突出矛盾,所以经与目前市面上处方比例较大的2款中药酊剂、3款中药贴剂、2款化学药乳膏剂、1款化学药贴剂,按医疗机构中标价计算,第一次对比本发明治疗成本并不占优势,主要原因是近期中药材成本大幅涨价,导致萃取挥发油成本相对较高;所以经反复试验、调整处方比例,增加基础油(基底油),将单次治疗成本控制到国家低价药-中成药治疗成本范围线内,优于目前所有中药外用类单次治疗成本,略高于单一化学成分乳膏剂治疗成本,降低了医疗保险及个人治疗支出,极大方便了广大患者群,相应提高了治疗依从性,从而达到良性循环的目的。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1附图为本发明实验2中南京卡尔文KW-11A双足平衡测痛仪图片;
图2为本发明实验2中实验鼠1的结果;
图3为本发明实验2中实验鼠2的结果;
图4为本发明实验2中实验鼠3的结果;
图5为本发明实验2中实验鼠4的结果;
图6为本发明VE产品分析报告;
图7为本发明茉莉精油产品分析报告;
图8为本发明薄荷脑产品分析报告;
图9为本发明葡萄籽油产品分析报告;
图10为本发明KW-6D-S型大鼠转棒疲劳仪(带电刺激)。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明所需药剂为常规实验药剂,采购自市售渠道;未提及的实验方法为常规实验方法,在此不再一一赘述。
实施例1
1)分别取当归、白芷、花椒、藏红花、白术、川芎、红花、木香、香附、苍术、厚朴、苏合香、沉香、檀香、安息香、独活、降香、没药、防风、胡椒,采用超临界CO2提取工艺提取精油,成分比例、含量按提取后提取物重量计算。
超临界CO2提取工艺操作为:将植物分别粗清洗、粗粉碎,分别投入超临界萃取釜中,对贮罐进行冷却,同时对萃取釜、解析釜进行加热,当到达规定的温度(100℃),打开CO2气瓶送气,并打开高压泵对萃取釜、解析釜加压,当压力到达设定额(20MPa),开始循环萃取,这时候调节流量,保持恒温恒压(60℃/5.0MPa),萃取时间为2小时,萃取出料并收集至包装容器里,备用。
2)取杜仲、人参、广藿香、肉豆蔻、薄荷叶、薄荷全株、生姜、紫苏叶、陈皮、丁香花蕾、丁香叶、肉桂、小茴香、八角茴香、红景天、丹参、银杏叶、樟树皮、樟树叶、乳香、辛夷花、桉树叶、石菖蒲、玫瑰、百里香、罗马洋甘菊、丁香罗勒、薰衣草、艾叶、羌活、伸筋草、桂枝、续断、接骨草采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺,成分比例、含量按提取后提取物重量计算。
水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺操作为:将植物分别粗清洗、粗粉碎,分别放置于蒸馏罐内,注入清水,通过蒸汽加热加压(1000Pa),沸腾(110℃)汽化后构成油水混合物,当温度不断升高,油水混合物快速蒸发,随之产生混合体的蒸汽,经冷凝器得到精油和水的混合物,精油浮于水上,将油水分离,取上面的精油,装入铝瓶密封存储于阴凉处,备用。
3)维生素E油(生育酚乙酸酯)作为稳定剂、添加剂则为外购原料,产品分析报告如图6所示;
葡萄籽油(冷压榨工艺)作为基础油-基底油,起润滑、稀释作用则为外购原料,产品分析报告如图9所示;
薄荷脑、95%乙醇作为肤感调节剂(凉感)则为外购原料,薄荷脑的产品分析报告如图8所示;并配置乙醇薄荷脑溶液,用乙醇2:1的比例(质量比)溶解薄荷脑备用,即40份乙醇溶解20份薄荷脑,薄荷脑为结晶形态,薄荷脑可直接完全溶解于植物油中,提前配置乙醇薄荷脑溶液目的是减少搅拌时长,尽可能降低挥发油挥发。
4)首先按提取挥发油液体流性进行区分,将液体流性较好的原料首先添加至密闭式上下锥形常温搅拌罐内,采用锚式或框式搅拌头,避免产生搅拌热及减少搅拌接触面,首次可添加的原料为:白术油10份、川芎油10份、红花油5份、木香油5份、香附油5份、花椒油10份、胡椒油5份、红景天油10份、人参油5份、樟树皮油10份、樟树叶油20份、桉油20份、广藿香油10份、肉豆蔻油10份、丹参油5份、椒样薄荷油5份、薄荷油15份、生姜油15份、紫苏叶油1份、辛夷花油1份、石菖蒲油5份、银杏叶油5份、陈皮油10份、丁香花蕾油20份、丁香叶油5份、肉桂油15份、桂枝油10份、小茴香油5份、八角茴香油15份、丁香罗勒油20份、百里香油(麝香草油)20份、沉香醇百里香油10份、艾草油10份、羌活油10份、独活油5份、伸筋草油5份、降香油5份、杜仲油10份、续断油10份、接骨草油10份、防风油10份、葡萄籽油50份;
7)将密闭式上下锥形常温搅拌罐,开启变频调节器,设定较低转速,10转/分钟(rpm)确保之前添加的油装液体处于搅拌状态后,从上进料口添加液体流性较差提取挥发油,避免原料粘黏损失;第二步增添的原料为:苍术油5份、厚朴油10份、当归油5份、白芷油5份、没药油5份、维生素E油5份;增加黏油性原料后,将搅拌速度设定为20转/分钟(rpm),搅拌时间设定为50分钟,由于原料都为脂溶性液体,溶解性好,无沉淀、杂质;确保搅拌过程中不由于设备产生热量,导致热挥发,产生效果降低或生产损耗增加。
8)待第二步搅拌结束后,开启变频调节器,设定较低转速,10转/分钟(rpm),从上进料口最后增加藏红花油2份、苏合香油3份、沉香油1份、檀香油1份、安息香油5份、乳香油5份、玫瑰油1份、提前配置好的乙醇薄荷脑溶液60份(薄荷脑20份、95%乙醇40份)较为昂贵的药材,由于最后加入的原料均属于液体流动性较好的原料,同为脂溶性,不需调整转速,搅拌时间为30分钟,待搅拌结束后静置60分钟,取样,成品应为明亮棕、深褐色流动性液体,静置后不得分层。
9)从密闭式上下锥形常温搅拌罐,通过管道转移到自动化灌装设备或吹瓶-灌装-封口一体机(吹灌封一体化/BFS,Technical Guideline of Infusion Production ofBlow Fill Seal-BFS),前也需静置30分钟才可灌装,并控制降低灌装速度和热封速度,由于脂溶性液体本身具有管道附着物理特性,可能存在生产管道设备损耗导致剂量不准问题,设计灌装应为标识装量的105%~115%(按灌装头数量及长度调整),应极力避免产生气泡或生产热对于提取精油药效的损失。
10)灌装为棕色玻璃瓶配玻璃珠走珠涂抹瓶、或棕色玻璃瓶喷雾式给药瓶,或是磨砂透明BFS一次性封装单次给药剂量包装使用。
本发明为外用中成药形式,具有皮肤安全性高、同体积下有效成分载药量高、携带方便、患者用药依从度高等特点,配合中医特定穴位及按摩涂抹滚珠,可以缓解由于炎症导致骨关节疼痛,用于肩周炎、腱鞘炎、颈椎病、骨性关节炎、腰肌劳损、扭挫伤等引起的肌肉组织疼痛。
实施例2
1)取当归、白芷、花椒、藏红花、白术、川芎、红花、木香、香附、苍术、厚朴、苏合香、沉香、檀香、安息香、独活、降香、没药、防风、胡椒,通过采用超临界CO2提取工艺,成分比例、含量按提取后提取物重量计算。
2)萃取釜、解析釜到达规定的温度(60℃),压力到达设定额(5.0MPa);其余萃取工艺同实施例1。
3)取杜仲、人参、广藿香、肉豆蔻、薄荷叶、薄荷全株、生姜、紫苏叶、陈皮、丁香叶、丁香花蕾、肉桂、小茴香、八角茴香、红景天、丹参、银杏叶、樟树皮、樟树叶、乳香、辛夷花、桉树叶、石菖蒲、玫瑰、百里香、罗马洋甘菊、丁香罗勒、薰衣草、艾叶、羌活、伸筋草、桂枝、续断、接骨草采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺,成分比例、含量按提取后提取物重量计算。
4)通过蒸汽加热加压(700Pa),沸腾(100℃)汽化后构成油水混合物,其余提取工艺同实施例1。
5)维生素E(生育酚乙酸酯)作为稳定剂、添加剂则为外购原料;葡萄籽油(冷压榨工艺)作为基础油-基底油,起润滑、稀释作用则为外购原料;薄荷脑、95%乙醇作为肤感调节剂(凉感)则为外购原料;并配置乙醇薄荷脑溶液,用乙醇2:1的比例(质量比)溶解薄荷脑备用,即40份乙醇溶解20份薄荷脑,薄荷脑为结晶形态,薄荷脑可直接完全溶解于植物油中,提前配置乙醇薄荷脑溶液目的是减少搅拌时长,尽可能降低挥发油挥发。
6)首先按提取挥发油液体流性进行区分,将液体流性较好的原料首先添加至密闭式上下锥形常温搅拌罐内,采用锚式或框式搅拌头,避免产生搅拌热及减少搅拌接触面,首次可添加的原料为:白术油20份-(食品)、川芎油10份-(保健)、红花油5份-(保健)、木香油5份-(保健)、香附油5份-(保健)、花椒油15份-(食品)、胡椒油5份-(食品)、红景天油10份-(保健)、人参油5份-(食品)、樟树皮油15份、樟树叶油40份、桉(树)油40份-(保健)、广藿香油20份-(食品)、肉豆蔻油20份-(食品)、丹参油10份-(保健)、椒样薄荷油10份、薄荷油30份-(食品)、生姜油30份-(食品)、紫苏叶油1份-(食品)、辛夷花油1份、石菖蒲油5份、银杏叶油10份-(保健)、陈皮油20份-(食品)、丁香花蕾油40份-(食品)、丁香叶油10份-(食品)、肉桂油30份-(食品)、桂枝油10份、小茴香油10份-(食品)、八角茴香油30份-(食品)、丁香罗勒油20份、百里香油(麝香草油)20份、沉香醇百里香油10份、艾草油20份-(食品)、羌活油10份、独活油1份、伸筋草油5份、降香油5份、杜仲油10份-(保健)、续断油10份、接骨草油10份、防风油20份-(食品)、葡萄籽油100份-(食品);备注说明:括号内备注食品、保健不是原料级别(等级)差异,是食品可添加原料、保健品可添加原料,重点明确配方安全性,既药食同源成分所占总成分比例含量,后同。
7)将密闭式上下锥形常温搅拌罐,开启变频调节器,设定较低转速,10转/分钟(rpm)确保之前添加的油装液体处于搅拌状态后,从上进料口添加液体流性较差提取挥发油,避免原料粘黏损失;第二步增添的原料为:苍术油5份、厚朴油10份、当归油10份-(食品)、白芷油5份-(食品)、没药油5份、维生素E油5份-(食品);增加黏油性原料后,将搅拌速度设定为15~25转/分钟(rpm),搅拌时间设定为45~60分钟,由于原料都为脂溶性液体,溶解性好,无沉淀、杂质;确保搅拌过程中不由于设备产生热量,导致热挥发,产生效果降低或生产损耗增加。
8)待第二步搅拌结束后,开启变频调节器,设定较低转速,10转/分钟(rpm),从上进料口最后增加藏红花油0.5份-(食品)、苏合香油2份、沉香油0.5份、檀香油1份、安息香油1份、乳香油1份、玫瑰油1份-(食品)、提前配置好的乙醇薄荷脑溶液60份(薄荷脑20份-(食品)、95%乙醇40份),或是茉莉花油(产品分析报告如图7所示)1~5份、玫瑰油1~5份、沉香醇百里香油1~5份、罗马洋甘菊油1~5份、薰衣草油1~5份、香紫苏油1~5份等调(矫)味剂,确定香型,由于最后加入的原料均属于液体流动性较好的原料,同为脂溶性,不需调整转速,搅拌时间为30分钟,待搅拌结束后静置60分钟,取样,成品应为明亮棕、深褐色流动性液体,静置后不得分层。
9)灌装方法同实施例1。
10)灌装为棕色玻璃瓶配玻璃珠走珠涂抹瓶(含大容量走珠涂抹瓶)、或棕色玻璃瓶喷雾式给药瓶,或是磨砂透明BFS一次性封装单次给药剂量包装使用。
11)本发明共预设原药香型(不增加调香剂)、玫瑰香型、茉莉香型、沉香百里香香型、洋甘菊香型、香紫苏香型、薰衣草香型共7种香型,其他香型按原料行政审批安全性公示而调整增添。
12)本发明为外用保健品(保健用品)形式,按2022年行政审批公示食品级原料公示调整处方比例,以药食同源可添加成分占73.6%以上,肤感调节剂占16.8%,总安全成分达90%以上,以安全性为着重实施,面向广大消费者人群;配合中医特定穴位及按摩涂抹滚珠,或物理疗法中涂抹,可缓解缓解由于炎症导致骨关节、肌肉疼痛,用于缓解驾车、学习等机械性疲劳或劳损引起的肌肉疼痛。
实施例3
1)取当归、白芷、花椒、藏红花、白术、川芎、红花、木香、香附、苍术、厚朴、苏合香、沉香、檀香、安息香、独活、降香、没药、防风、胡椒,通过采用超临界CO2提取工艺,成分比例、含量按提取后提取物重量计算。
2)萃取釜、解析釜到达规定的温度(160℃),压力到达设定额(30MPa);其余萃取工艺同实施例1。
3)取杜仲、人参、广藿香、肉豆蔻、薄荷叶、薄荷全株、生姜、紫苏叶、陈皮、丁香叶、丁香花蕾、肉桂、小茴香、八角茴香、红景天、丹参、银杏叶、樟树皮、樟树叶、乳香、辛夷花、桉树叶、石菖蒲、玫瑰、百里香、罗马洋甘菊、丁香罗勒、薰衣草、艾叶、羌活、伸筋草、桂枝、续断、接骨草采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺,成分比例、含量按提取后提取物重量计算。
4)通过蒸汽加热加压(1400Pa),沸腾(120℃)汽化后构成油水混合物,其余提取工艺同实施例1。
5)维生素E(生育酚乙酸酯)作为稳定剂、添加剂则为外购原料;葡萄籽油(冷压榨工艺)作为基础油-基底油,起润滑、稀释作用则为外购原料;薄荷脑、95%乙醇作为肤感调节剂(凉感)则为外购原料;并配置乙醇薄荷脑溶液,用乙醇2:1的比例(质量比)溶解薄荷脑备用,即40份乙醇溶解20份薄荷脑,薄荷脑为结晶形态,薄荷脑可直接完全溶解于植物油中,提前配置乙醇薄荷脑溶液目的是减少搅拌时长,尽可能降低挥发油挥发。
6)首先按提取挥发油液体流性进行区分,将液体流性较好的原料首先添加至密闭式上下锥形常温搅拌罐内,采用锚式或框式搅拌头,避免产生搅拌热及减少搅拌接触面,首次可添加的原料为:白术油20份、川芎油20份、红花油1份、木香油5份、香附油5份、花椒油15份、胡椒油5份、红景天油20份、人参油1份、樟树皮油40份、樟树叶油40份、桉(树)油40份、广藿香油20份、肉豆蔻油20份、丹参油5份、椒样薄荷油10份、薄荷油30份、生姜油30份、紫苏叶油1份、辛夷花油1份、石菖蒲油1份、银杏叶油10份、陈皮油20份、丁香花蕾油40份、丁香叶油15份、肉桂油15份、桂枝油10份、小茴香油10份、八角茴香油30份、丁香罗勒油20份、百里香油(麝香草油)50份、沉香醇百里香油20份、艾草油20份、羌活油10份、独活油1份、伸筋草油3份、降香油1份、杜仲油20份、续断油20份、接骨草油15份、防风油20份、葡萄籽油100份。
7)将密闭式上下锥形常温搅拌罐,开启变频调节器,设定较低转速,10转/分钟(rpm)确保之前添加的油装液体处于搅拌状态后,从上进料口添加液体流性较差提取挥发油,避免原料粘黏损失;第二步增添的原料为:苍术油20份、厚朴油20份、当归油10份、白芷油1份、没药油5份、维生素E油10份;增加黏油性原料后,将搅拌速度设定为15~25转/分钟(rpm),搅拌时间设定为45~60分钟,由于原料都为脂溶性液体,溶解性好,无沉淀、杂质;确保搅拌过程中不由于设备产生热量,导致热挥发,产生效果降低或生产损耗增加。
8)待第二步搅拌结束后,开启变频调节器,设定较低转速,10转/分钟(rpm),从上进料口最后增加藏红花油0.5份、苏合香油2份、沉香油0.5份、檀香油2份、安息香油2份、乳香油2份、玫瑰油1份、提前配置好的乙醇薄荷脑溶液60份(薄荷脑20份、95%乙醇40份),或是茉莉花油1~5份、玫瑰油1~5份、沉香醇百里香油1~5份、罗马洋甘菊油1~5份、薰衣草油1~5份、香紫苏油1~5份等调(矫)味剂,确定香型,由于最后加入的原料均属于液体流动性较好的原料,同为脂溶性,不需调整转速,搅拌时间为30分钟,待搅拌结束后静置60分钟,取样,成品应为明亮棕、深褐色流动性液体,静置后不得分层。
9)灌装方法同实施例1。
10)灌装为棕色玻璃瓶配玻璃珠走珠涂抹瓶(含大容量走珠涂抹瓶)、或棕色玻璃瓶喷雾式给药瓶,或是磨砂透明BFS一次性封装单次给药剂量包装使用。
本发明共不预设香型,按行政审批批准原料报送可添加香型,为所有成品香型;本发明体感调节剂或清凉剂可调整倍量份数作为凉感增强型形式出现。
本发明为香薰化妆品(香疗类日化用品)或按摩植物精油形式,按2022年行政审批公示可添加原料公示调整处方比例;配合中医特定穴位及按摩涂抹滚珠,或物理疗法中涂抹,可缓解缓解由于炎症导致骨关节、肌肉疼痛,用于缓解驾车、学习等机械性疲劳或劳损引起的肌肉疼痛。
使用本发明实施例1制备的产品进行动物实验:
实验1
安全性试验:
1)多次皮肤刺激性试验,两组试验兔,每组四只,试验剂量分别为每日推荐使用量的3倍和5倍试验;
2)试验准备,试验标准兔购得后饲养三日,选取背部肌肉丰富处及右后腿关节处,备皮(剃毛)作为试验区,为后续健康志愿受试者试验安全性考虑,并未采用左右对照方式,而是扩大样本量,选取两组作为试验;
3)常规使用(即每日推荐使用量)每日3次,即6小时一次给药,棉签沾药均匀涂抹;3倍剂量为每两个小时给药一次,每日给药六次;5倍剂量为每1小时给药一次,每日给药12次;再次给药前使用棉签蘸取纯净水清理备皮处。
按照国家食品药品监督管理总局《皮肤刺激性试验指导原则》制定评分标准,如表1所示。
表1皮肤刺激反应评分标准
试验结果如表2所示。
表2安全性试验结果
安全性试验结果表明多次皮肤刺激性试验,常规3倍剂量给药试验安全性为92.5%,常规5倍剂量给药安全性为90%,两项多次皮肤刺激性试验平均安全性为91.25%,可以相对证明,本品具有较好的安全性,对于非敏感性皮肤几乎无刺激;出现部分轻度红斑(勉强可见)全部出现在右后腿关节试验处,背部肌肉丰富处均无刺激性-炎症反应,配方成分安全。
实验2
钾离子/福氏完全佐剂-皮下致痛法致大鼠疼痛模型试验
1)造模材料【动物】:大鼠(250~300g)4只;【药物】:(1)饱和氯化钾溶液-制造疼痛;(2)福氏完全佐剂(complete Freund's adjuvant,CFA)-制造炎症反应;【器械】:南京卡尔文KW-11A双足平衡测痛仪(如图1所示);【药品/试剂】:氯化钾注射液10ml:1g天津金耀药业有限公司;弗氏完全佐剂(Freund’s Adjuvant,Complete)产品编号:F5881品牌:Sigma默克股份两合公司64271达姆施塔特德国
2)造模方法将大鼠右后腿关节上部肌肉丰富处备皮(剃毛),使用氯化钾注射液或充分乳化混匀的CFA在大鼠后肢足跖部皮下注射法,一侧一次注入0.1ml。氯化钾注射液或CFA注射后,观察大鼠的反应、关节肿胀情况、组织病理学改变。
3)造模原理钾离子皮下透入导致动物疼痛反应。福氏完全佐剂(completeFreund's adjuvant,CFA)免疫动物,可刺激免疫细胞的增殖,使动物机体免疫功能异常增高,产生针对关节滑膜的自身免疫反应,免疫复合物沉积在关节腔内,产生类似于类风湿性关节炎的改变。
4)造模后的变化注射后可引起动物疼痛反应即注射部位(甩、抖腿)运动反应、嘶叫和强烈甩尾,伴有连续嘶叫和全身挣扎。
5)试验设计及目的:由于目前疼痛相关动物标准试验模型大多数是为口服或注射等全身给药应用场景设计的,所以综合了《钾离子皮下透入致痛法致大鼠疼痛模型》及《佐剂性关节炎模型》,并参照国家药品监督管理局药品审评中心(CDE)《局部给药局部起效药物临床试验技术指导原则》设计该模型;目的为:验证局部短期疼痛(钾离子)局部镇痛效果,验证局部炎症导致的轻、中度疼痛(福氏完全佐剂)局部镇痛效果,试验对比是同一只试验大鼠左右对照试验,试验设备为南京卡尔文KW-11A双足平衡测痛仪,通过炎症疼痛足与正常足之间会出现支撑体重的力量差别,差别越大说明炎症足越疼痛,使用有镇痛作用的药物可以减少其差别,以此可来鉴定抗炎、镇痛药物的药效。试验精度测定精确可达0.01g,250~300g大鼠测定范围为1g;转换张力曲线范围为:-400至800,实际单足曲线为:0~200,单位为g。
6)试验标准:使用天平-加盖亚克力盒详细称量每只实验鼠体重并记录;放入卡尔文KW-11A双足平衡测痛仪,每5分钟为一个观测点(设备为录像监测模式-每分钟平均值,5分钟取一次值、共7个标记点);以无备皮的左腿作为标准值,第一日钾剂致痛观测0~30分、第二日佐剂致痛观测0~30分,分别作为致病参考值并记录;第三日注射钾剂后5分钟使用棉签涂抹肌肉丰富处(实施例1制备的产品),观察记录;第四日注射佐剂后5分钟使用棉签涂抹肌肉丰富处,观察记录。
7)试验结果如下:
结果如图2~5所示。
经四次对照实验结果得出,从实验曲线对比,明显可以得出试验具有较高复现度,四次试验平均总显效率可达92%;且均在给药后5~15分钟可以起效,证明本发明具有较好的透皮吸收性;对于钾剂所致的短时间疼痛有效,对于佐剂炎症导致的慢性轻、中度有效,相对比而言本发明对于炎症介质导致的轻、中度慢性疼痛效果更佳,这与成分组方配比及中药学方剂模型功能主治的设计相符,并不是通过肤感调解掩盖痛觉-从而达到缓解疼痛的作用。
实验3
福氏完全佐剂皮下注射-炎症致大鼠类慢性疲劳运动受限模型试验
1)造模材料【动物】:大鼠(250~300g)3只;【试剂】:福氏完全佐剂(completeFreund's adjuvant,CFA)-制造炎症反应;【器械】:KW-6D-S型大鼠转棒疲劳仪(带电刺激);【试剂】:弗氏完全佐剂(Freund’s Adjuvant,Complete)产品编号:F5881品牌:Sigma默克股份两合公司64271达姆施塔特德国。
2)造模方法将大鼠后肢关节上部肌肉丰富处备皮(剃毛),使用充分乳化混匀的CFA在大鼠后肢肌肉丰富处皮下注射法,双侧各一次注入0.1ml。CFA注射后,观察大鼠的反应、关节肿胀情况、组织病理学改变。
3)造模原理:福氏完全佐剂(complete Freund's adjuvant,CFA)免疫动物,可刺激免疫细胞的增殖,使动物机体免疫功能异常增高,产生针对关节滑膜的自身免疫反应,免疫复合物沉积在关节腔内,产生类似于乳酸蓄积导致炎症反应的改变。
4)造模后的变化注射后伴随炎症反应,局部组织充血、红肿、疼痛,运动功能受限或降低,电刺激后也因组织炎症反应消除较慢而降低。
5)试验设计及目的:由于本发明为局部给药,标准的《急性运动性疲劳动物模型》涉及游泳试验-水稀释干扰试验结果,《慢性运动性疲劳动物模型》涉及多部位乳酸蓄积的炎症反应干扰试验结果,所以建立了与试验1类似的《局部炎症反应致运动功能受限》的模型表达,既实验动物机械性运动导致的疲劳-乳酸蓄积炎症反应,通过局部给药进行对比,如可降低炎症反应对于机械性运动。
6)试验标准:在KW-6D-S型大鼠转棒疲劳仪(带电刺激),内同时放入三只试验大鼠,在健康状况下观测30分钟运动圈数,跌落惩罚时间(电刺激):为15秒,正转和反向运动均记录圈数,平行记录三次,取平均值作为健康鼠标准;给与2小时以上-充分休息后,注射福氏完全佐剂制作炎症反应的疲劳模型,观测30分钟运动圈数,跌落惩罚时间(电刺激):为15秒,平行记录三次,取平均值作为疲劳鼠标准;待第二日-福氏完全佐剂局部炎症反应完全消除后(避免炎症蓄积),重新制作疲劳炎症反应模型大鼠,并涂抹炎症反应相关肌肉、关节组织,观察并记录大鼠运动改善。
7)试验结果如下:
表3大鼠类慢性疲劳运动受限模型试验结果
项目 | 实验鼠1 | 实验鼠2 | 实验鼠3 |
健康圈数(30min) | 91 | 98 | 101 |
炎症圈数(30min) | 33 | 37 | 42 |
治疗圈数(30min) | 72 | 77 | 89 |
改善率-炎症 | 118.2% | 108.1% | 111.9% |
恢复率-健康 | 79.1% | 78.6% | 88.1% |
从实验结果得出,三只炎症致疲劳模型大鼠均得到明显改善,且通过带电刺激设备避免由于大鼠消极怠工运动因素,解决了动物试验干扰问题,可以客观表明局部给药可明显缓解炎症导致的疲劳感,恢复机体运动机能。
实验4
健康志愿人群试验
通过实验室试验已经证明安全有效,回避实验室参与人员,将多次皮肤刺激性试验安全结果公示,不公示其他试验结果的前提下,在内部寻找具有非器质(骨质)病变-劳损型、退化型等慢性肌肉疼痛病史员工或家属。
灌装10ml磨砂玻璃瓶-配玻璃滚珠-涂抹瓶,发放给健康志愿者人群,并告知其肌肉酸痛症状发作时或疲劳感不能忍受时使用,可涂抹于不适处的肌肉密集部位,发作时,可每日涂抹3~4次,总观察时间3天,如超过3天无效可自行服药或就医,统一汇总至办公室内勤统计记录。
评价标准:
1)每日连续用药2~3次,3日内症状消失,无复发,明显。
2)每日连续用药3~4次,用药后症状消失,停用后~4小时内,不适部位疼痛症状无反复,有效;
3)每日连续用药3~4次,用药后症状消失或未消失,停用后短时内,不适部位疼痛症状反复(药效未能持续4小时),无效;
实验结果如表4所示。
表4健康志愿人群试验结果
经十名健康志愿者人群试验,90%的人群均反馈有效;仅一名健康志愿者反馈涂抹3次后有一定效果,症状有所减轻,效果不明显,但志愿者为历史诊断腰间盘突出患者,程压迫性疼痛,与之类似的志愿者3女性,也有类似压迫疼痛症状,但反馈有效;可能与压迫部位或志愿者6老年骨退化、增生等-骨器质性病变有关;全部试验均反馈对于非骨器质性病变的肌肉疼痛具有良好效果,且对于机械性疲劳-乳酸蓄积-酸痛感,局部炎症反应有良好的效果。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油,其特征在于,包括如下质量份数的组分:
花椒油5~15份、胡椒油1~5份、樟树皮油5~15份、樟树叶油15~40份、桉油10~40份、椒样薄荷油5~10份、薄荷油15~30份、生姜油15~30份、丁香花蕾油20~40份、丁香叶油5~15份、肉桂油15~30份、桂枝油10~20份、小茴香油5~10份、八角茴香油15~30份、丁香罗勒油20~40份、艾草油10~20份、百里香油20~50份、沉香醇百里香油10~20份、广藿香油10~20份、肉豆蔻油10~20份、羌活油10~15份、独活油1~5份、伸筋草油1~5份、杜仲油1~10份、续断油10~20份、接骨草油10~15份、防风油10~20份、紫苏叶油1~5份、辛夷花油1~5份、石菖蒲油1~5份、银杏叶油5~10份、陈皮油10~20份、玫瑰油1~5份、红景天油10~20份、人参油1~5份、白术油10~20份、苍术油10~20份、厚朴油10~20份、川芎油10~20份、红花油1~5份、藏红花油0.5~3份、当归油5~10份、白芷油1~5份、丹参油5~10份、乳香油1~5份、没药油5~10份、安息香油2~5份、苏合香油1~5份、木香油1~5份、香附油1~5份、沉香油0.5~5份、檀香油1~5份、降香油1~5份、薄荷脑10~20份、乙醇20~40份、维生素E油5~10份和葡萄籽油50~100份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油,其特征在于,包括如下质量份数的组分:
花椒油10份、胡椒油5份、樟树皮油10份、樟树叶油20份、桉油20份、椒样薄荷油5份、薄荷油15份、生姜油15份、丁香花蕾油20份、丁香叶油5份、肉桂油15份、桂枝油10份、小茴香油5份、八角茴香油15份、丁香罗勒油20份、艾草油10份、百里香油20份、沉香醇百里香油10份、广藿香油10份、肉豆蔻油10份、羌活油10份、独活油5份、伸筋草油5份、杜仲油10份、续断油10份、接骨草油10份、防风油10份、紫苏叶油1份、辛夷花油1份、石菖蒲油5份、银杏叶油5份、陈皮油10份、玫瑰油1份、红景天油10份、人参油5份、白术油10份、苍术油10份、厚朴油10份、川芎油10份、红花油5份、藏红花油2份、当归油5份、白芷油5份、丹参油5份、乳香油5份、没药油5份、安息香油5份、苏合香油3份、木香油5份、香附油5份、沉香油1份、檀香油1份、降香油5份、薄荷脑20份、乙醇40份、维生素E油5份和葡萄籽油50份。
3.如权利要求1或2任一所述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油,其特征在于,还包括调味剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油,其特征在于,所述调味剂为沉香醇百里香油、罗马洋甘菊油、茉莉精油、香紫苏油、玫瑰油或薰衣草油。
5.权利要求1或2任一所述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)分别将当归、白芷、花椒、藏红花、白术、川芎、红花、木香、香附、苍术、厚朴、苏合香、沉香、檀香、安息香、独活、降香、没药、防风、胡椒采用超临界CO2提取工艺进行提取,得到相对应的精油;
(2)分别将人参、广藿香、肉豆蔻、辣薄荷、薄荷、杜仲、生姜、紫苏叶、陈皮、丁香叶、丁香花蕾、肉桂、小茴香、八角茴香、红景天、丹参、银杏叶、樟树皮、樟树叶、乳香、辛夷花、桉树叶、石菖蒲、玫瑰、百里香、罗马洋甘菊、丁香罗勒、薰衣草、艾叶、羌活、伸筋草、桂枝、续断、接骨草采用水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺进行提取,得到相对应的精油;
(3)维生素E油、薄荷脑、乙醇、葡萄籽油作为添加剂;
将所述乙醇与薄荷脑按重量比2:1溶解,得乙醇薄荷脑溶液备用;
(4)将液体流性好的精油混合、搅拌,搅拌速度为10rpm;
(5)继续添加液体流性差的精油混合、搅拌,搅拌速度为15~25rpm,搅拌时间为45~60min;
(6)调节转速至10rpm,添加玫瑰油、苏合香油、沉香油、檀香油、安息香油、藏红花油、乳香油和乙醇薄荷脑溶液,搅拌30min;
(7)静置、灌装即可。
6.如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述超临界CO2提取工艺的具体操作为:
(11)将原料清洗、粉碎,分别投入超临界萃取釜中;
(12)对贮罐进行冷却,同时对萃取釜、解析釜进行加热,当加热至温度60~160℃时,对萃取釜、解析釜加压;
(13)当压力到达5.0~30MPa时,开始循环萃取;
(14)保持恒温恒压60℃、5.0MPa,萃取2小时,萃取出挥发油并收集至包装容器中,备用。
7.如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述水蒸气蒸馏提取工艺的具体操作为:
(21)将原料清洗、粉碎,分别放置于蒸馏罐内,注入清水;
(22)通过蒸汽加热加压,700~1400Pa、100~120℃沸腾汽化后构成油水混合物蒸汽;
(23)经冷凝器得到精油和水的混合物;
(24)将油水分离,得挥发油,装入铝瓶密封存储于阴凉处,备用。
8.权利要求1或2任一所述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油在制备抗炎、镇痛、缓解疲劳药物中的应用。
9.权利要求1或2任一所述的一种具有缓解疲劳、镇痛作用的植物提取挥发油在制备治疗肌痛性脑脊髓炎-慢性疲劳综合征药物中的应用。
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