CN116734979A - Vibration measuring device - Google Patents
Vibration measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116734979A CN116734979A CN202210201858.9A CN202210201858A CN116734979A CN 116734979 A CN116734979 A CN 116734979A CN 202210201858 A CN202210201858 A CN 202210201858A CN 116734979 A CN116734979 A CN 116734979A
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- displacement sensor
- spectroscope
- convex mirror
- laser
- vibration
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium neon Chemical compound [He].[Ne] CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
Abstract
The application provides a vibration measuring device, and relates to the technical field of vibration measurement. The device comprises: the device comprises a laser transmitter, an optical lens group, a displacement sensor and a signal processing unit; the optical lens assembly includes: convex mirror, spectroscope and displacement sensor; the laser beam sequentially penetrates through the convex mirror and the spectroscope to reach the surface of the measured object; the displacement sensor is arranged at a first end far away from the convex mirror, and the first end is the end where the laser beam enters; the laser beam is reflected to the spectroscope on the surface of the measured object, and is reflected to the displacement sensor on the convex mirror through the spectroscope; the displacement sensor is used for converting the light signal of the light spot of the arriving laser beam into an electric signal, and the electric signal is processed by the signal processing unit to obtain the vibration frequency of the measured object. The method solves the problems that more photodiodes and optical lenses are needed for vibration test and the calculated amount is large.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of vibration testing, in particular to a vibration measuring device.
Background
Existing techniques for non-contact vibration measurement include: ultrasonic methods, doppler vibration methods, CCD (charge coupled device) charge-coupled imaging analysis methods, and the like. The principle of Doppler vibration is to irradiate the surface of a solid to be measured with laser light, and to identify the vibration frequency by measuring the Doppler effect of reflected light. The principle of CCD imaging method is to use high resolution CCD to shoot the reflected light spot on the solid surface and finally to process and analyze the image by computer to obtain vibration frequency.
Therefore, more photodiodes and optical lenses are needed for Doppler vibration test, and the calculation amount of a measuring process processor is larger; whereas image processing by CCD imaging requires a large number of analytical calculations by a computer.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a vibration measuring device which is used for solving the problems that more photodiodes and optical lenses are needed for vibration test and the calculated amount is large in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application provides a vibration measuring apparatus including:
the device comprises a laser transmitter, an optical lens group, a displacement sensor and a signal processing unit;
the optical lens group includes: convex mirror, spectroscope and displacement sensor;
the included angle between the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter and the main shaft of the convex mirror is smaller than a preset angle, and the laser beam sequentially penetrates through the convex mirror and the spectroscope to reach the surface of the measured object;
the displacement sensor is arranged at a first end far away from the convex mirror, and the first end of the convex mirror is the end at which the laser beam is incident; the laser beam is reflected to the spectroscope on the surface of the measured object and is reflected to the displacement sensor on the convex mirror through the spectroscope;
the displacement sensor is used for converting an optical signal of the laser beam reaching a light spot on the displacement sensor into an electric signal, sending the electric signal to the signal processing unit, and processing the electric signal through the signal processing unit to obtain the vibration frequency of the measured object.
Further, an included angle between the spectroscope and the main shaft of the convex mirror is a first angle, and the spectroscope is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the measured object;
the first angle is determined according to the curvature radius of the convex mirror, the size of the displacement sensor, the included angle between the spectroscope and the displacement sensor and the distance between the spectroscope and the displacement sensor.
Further, the spectroscope is perpendicular to the photosensitive unit of the displacement sensor.
Further, a transmission hole is formed in the spectroscope, and the position of the transmission hole is determined according to the laser beam transmitted through the convex mirror.
Further, a reflective coating is arranged on one side of the convex mirror away from the laser transmitter.
Further, a reflective coating is arranged on one side of the spectroscope, which is close to the convex mirror.
Further, a filter medium is arranged on the displacement sensor.
Further, a filter medium is arranged on the spectroscope.
Further, the laser transmitter comprises a single-mode fiber laser, a helium-neon laser and a laser diode, and the laser wavelength range of the laser transmitter is 890-950 nm.
Further, the signal processing unit includes:
the device comprises a signal processing circuit, a micro-processing unit and a network unit;
the signal processing unit is used for converting the current signal sent by the displacement sensor into a voltage signal;
the micro-processing unit is used for processing the current signal to obtain the position information of the light spot and determining the vibration frequency of the measured object.
The technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the vibration measuring device provided by the embodiment of the application, the vibration frequency of the measured object can be measured by the laser emitter, the optical lens group, the displacement sensor and the signal processing unit only by two optical lenses. The displacement sensor collects the light signals of the light spots, which are transmitted by the laser transmitter and reach the displacement sensor through the projection and reflection of the optical lens group, and the converted light signals are sent to the signal processing unit for processing, so that the vibration frequency of the measured object is obtained. The vibration test device solves the problems that more photodiodes and optical lenses are needed and the calculated amount is large in vibration test in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an optical module of a vibration measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical module of the vibration measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a vibration measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In various embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the sequence numbers of the following processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
In addition, the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein.
In the embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that "B corresponding to a" means that B is associated with a from which B may be determined. It should also be understood that determining B from a does not mean determining B from a alone, but may also determine B from a and/or other information.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a vibration measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application includes:
an optical module and an electrical module; and the optical module includes: a laser emitter 1, an optical lens group and a displacement sensor 3; the electrical module includes: a signal processing unit;
the optical lens group includes: a convex mirror 21, a spectroscope 22 and a displacement sensor 23;
the included angle between the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter 1 and the main axis of the convex mirror 22 is smaller than a preset angle, and the laser beam sequentially passes through the convex mirror 22 and the spectroscope 23 to reach the surface of the measured object;
the displacement sensor 3 is disposed at a first end far away from the convex mirror 22, where the first end of the convex mirror is an end at which the laser beam is incident; the laser beam is reflected to the spectroscope 23 on the surface of the measured object, and is reflected on the convex mirror 22 to reach the displacement sensor 3 through the spectroscope 23;
the displacement sensor 3 is configured to convert an optical signal of the laser beam reaching a light spot on the displacement sensor 3 into an electrical signal, send the electrical signal to the signal processing unit, and process the electrical signal by the signal processing unit to obtain a vibration frequency of the measured object.
In an embodiment of the present application, the beam splitter is configured to increase a reflected light path length of the laser beam and focus the laser beam onto the displacement sensor. The laser beam is reflected to the spectroscope on the surface of the measured object, is reflected to the spectroscope on the convex mirror through the spectroscope, and then reaches the displacement sensor through the reflection of the spectroscope. The beam splitter is used for extending the light path of the laser beam, so that the coordinate offset of the light spot of the laser light path reaching the displacement sensor at different moments is increased, and the measurement precision of the vibration measurement device is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, a reflective material is coated on the surface of the measured object, or a reflective sticker is adhered on the surface of the measured object, so as to increase the power intensity of the reflected light. As shown in fig. 2, the convex mirror mainly functions to diverge the light reflected from the object under test. The measured object vibrates in the horizontal direction, reference numeral 4 in fig. 2 is the vibration starting point of the reflecting layer of the measured object, and reference numeral 5 is the vibration ending point of the reflecting layer of the measured object. The vibration can make the reflected light change slightly, the convex mirror can make the reflected light diverge, the solid line is the reflected light of the laser when the measured object is at the initial position, and the dotted line is the reflected light of the laser when the object vibrates to the farthest end. Due to the divergence of the convex mirror, the distance between the two reflected light beams projected on the displacement sensor is increased, signal analysis is facilitated, and the measurement accuracy of the measuring device is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, the preset angle may be zero, that is, the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter is parallel to the main axis of the convex mirror.
According to the vibration measuring device provided by the embodiment of the application, the vibration frequency of the measured object can be measured by the laser emitter, the optical lens group, the displacement sensor and the signal processing unit only by two optical lenses. The displacement sensor collects the light signals of the light spots, which are transmitted by the laser transmitter and reach the displacement sensor through the projection and reflection of the optical lens group, and the converted light signals are sent to the signal processing unit for processing, so that the vibration frequency of the measured object is obtained. The vibration test device solves the problems that more photodiodes and optical lenses are needed and the calculated amount is large in vibration test in the prior art.
Optionally, an included angle between the beam splitter and a main axis of the convex mirror is a first angle, and the beam splitter is perpendicular to a vibration direction of the measured object;
the first angle is determined according to the curvature radius of the convex mirror, the size of the displacement sensor, the included angle between the spectroscope and the displacement sensor and the distance between the spectroscope and the displacement sensor.
In an embodiment of the present application, the first angle is θ, and the first angle, the radius of curvature of the convex mirror, the size of the displacement sensor, the included angle between the beam splitter and the displacement sensor, and the distance between the beam splitter and the displacement sensor are set, so that when the reflected light of the laser beam irradiates the edge of the convex mirror, the beam reflected by the convex mirror is located at the effective boundary of the photosensitive unit of the displacement sensor.
According to the vibration measuring device provided by the embodiment of the application, the included angle between the spectroscope and the main shaft of the convex mirror is the first angle, so that all laser beams can finally reach the effective photosensitive unit of the displacement sensor, and all optical signals can be obtained.
Optionally, the spectroscope is perpendicular to the photosensitive unit of the displacement sensor.
According to the vibration measuring device provided by the embodiment of the application, the spectroscope and the photosensitive unit of the displacement sensor are arranged in a vertical relationship, so that laser beams can reach the effective photosensitive unit of the displacement sensor more easily.
Optionally, a transmission hole is disposed on the spectroscope, and a position of the transmission hole is determined according to the laser beam transmitted through the convex mirror.
And a projection hole is formed in the spectroscope, so that the laser beam refracted by the convex mirror can more easily reach the surface of the measured object, and particularly when a reflective coating is arranged on the spectroscope, if the projection hole is not formed, the laser beam is reflected and is difficult to reach the surface of the measured object.
Optionally, a reflective coating is provided on a side of the convex mirror remote from the laser transmitter.
The side of the convex mirror far away from the laser transmitter is provided with a reflection coating, so that laser beams emitted by the laser transmitter can penetrate through the convex mirror, but beams reflected back by the measured object cannot penetrate through the convex mirror again, and are reflected to the spectroscope by the reflection coating.
Optionally, a reflective coating is disposed on a side of the beam splitter, which is close to the convex mirror.
The beam splitter is provided with a reflective coating on one side close to the convex mirror, so that the beam cannot be transmitted through the beam splitter, and therefore all the beams are reflected and finally just reach the displacement sensor, and the power intensity of the laser beam reaching the displacement sensor is improved.
Optionally, a filter medium is disposed on the displacement sensor.
The displacement sensor has photosensitivity to 730-1000 nm wavelength, and photosensitivity can reach over 0.5A/W. The filter medium is arranged on the displacement sensor, so that the interference of optical noise of other wave bands on the displacement sensor can be reduced, and the efficiency and the sensitivity of the displacement sensor for collecting optical signals are improved.
Optionally, a filter medium is disposed on the spectroscope.
The filter medium is arranged on the spectroscope, so that the external white noise can be reduced, and only the light rays of the laser wave band are allowed to pass through.
Optionally, the laser transmitter comprises a single mode fiber laser, a helium-neon laser and a laser diode, and the laser wavelength range of the laser transmitter is 890 nm-950 nm.
The vibration measuring device of the present application requires that the laser beam emitted from the laser emitter has small divergence of the laser spot, high optical purity, and continuous output of the laser beam. Therefore, a single mode fiber laser may be selected, or a sub-helium-neon laser may be selected, or a laser diode may be selected. The sensitivity of the displacement sensor to light with the wavelength of 730-1000 nm can reach more than 0.5A/W, and the wave band with the highest sensitivity is 890-950 nm, so that a laser with a relevant wave band is selected.
Optionally, the signal processing unit includes:
the device comprises a signal processing circuit, a micro-processing unit and a network unit;
the signal processing unit is used for converting the current signal sent by the displacement sensor into a voltage signal;
the micro-processing unit is used for processing the voltage signals to obtain the position information of the light spots and determining the vibration frequency of the measured object.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser beam is finally reflected to the displacement sensor, and when the measured object regularly vibrates, the reflected light can reciprocate between points a and B on the sensor. When the object vibrates irregularly, the reflected light may vibrate chaotically on the displacement sensor. However, no matter what kind of vibration is done by the measured object, only one reflection light spot appears on the displacement sensor at the same time, and the displacement sensor can collect the electric signals of the light spot positions output by X1, X2, Y1 and Y2.
The spot position calculation formula is as follows,
wherein IX is 1 、IX 2 、IY 1 IY 2 The electric signals (current signals) acquired by the displacement sensor are represented, x and y are coordinates of a measured light spot on the two-dimensional displacement sensor, and Lx and Ly are length and width of the two-dimensional displacement sensor.
The electric signal is sent to a signal processing circuit which is responsible for converting the current signal output by the displacement sensor into a voltage signal and has the signal amplifying and calculating capabilities. The circuit comprises a transimpedance device, an amplifier, an adder and a subtracter. The signal processing circuit may calculate:
a＝(IX 2 +IY 1 )-(IX 1 +IY 2 )
b＝(IX 2 +IY 2 )-(IX 1 +IY 2 )
c＝IX 1 +IX 2 +IY 1 +IY 2
the signal processing circuit sends three values of a, b and c to the microprocessor. And the microprocessor performs multiplication and division calculation to finally obtain the position information of the light spot. And the microprocessor finally obtains the vibration frequency of the object by analyzing the change of the light spot position information. And finally, sending the vibration frequency information of the object to a network module for data transmission.
The network element may be a cellular network, a wifi network, or other internet of things communication technologies. The final data is sent to a terminal device or server that is convenient for the user to utilize.
The exemplary embodiments described above are described with reference to the drawings, many different forms and embodiments are possible without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present application, and therefore, the present application should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the size of the elements and relative sizes may be exaggerated for clarity. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, a range of values includes the upper and lower limits of the range and any subranges therebetween.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present application, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A vibration measuring apparatus, comprising:
the device comprises a laser transmitter, an optical lens group, a displacement sensor and a signal processing unit;
the optical lens group includes: convex mirror, spectroscope and displacement sensor;
the included angle between the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter and the main shaft of the convex mirror is smaller than a preset angle, and the laser beam sequentially penetrates through the convex mirror and the spectroscope to reach the surface of the measured object;
the displacement sensor is arranged at a first end far away from the convex mirror, and the first end of the convex mirror is the end at which the laser beam is incident; the laser beam is reflected to the spectroscope on the surface of the measured object and is reflected to the displacement sensor on the convex mirror through the spectroscope;
the displacement sensor is used for converting an optical signal of the laser beam reaching a light spot on the displacement sensor into an electric signal, sending the electric signal to the signal processing unit, and processing the electric signal through the signal processing unit to obtain the vibration frequency of the measured object.
2. The vibration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between the beam splitter and a principal axis of the convex mirror is a first angle, and the beam splitter is perpendicular to a vibration direction of the object to be measured;
the first angle is determined according to the curvature radius of the convex mirror, the size of the displacement sensor, the included angle between the spectroscope and the displacement sensor and the distance between the spectroscope and the displacement sensor.
3. The vibration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spectroscope is perpendicular to the photosensitive unit of the displacement sensor.
4. The vibration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a transmission hole is provided on the spectroscope, and a position of the transmission hole is determined based on the laser beam transmitted through the convex mirror.
5. The vibration measuring apparatus of claim 1, wherein a side of the convex mirror remote from the laser transmitter is provided with a reflective coating.
6. The vibration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a reflective coating is provided on a side of the spectroscope adjacent to the convex mirror.
7. The vibration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a filter medium is provided on the displacement sensor.
8. A vibration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a filter medium is provided on the spectroscope.
9. The vibration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the laser transmitter includes a single mode fiber laser, a helium neon laser, and a laser diode, and the laser transmitter has a laser wavelength range of 890nm to 950nm.
10. The vibration measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit includes:
the device comprises a signal processing circuit, a micro-processing unit and a network unit;
the signal processing unit is used for converting the current signal sent by the displacement sensor into a voltage signal;
the micro-processing unit is used for processing the current signal to obtain the position information of the light spot and determining the vibration frequency of the measured object.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210201858.9A CN116734979A (en) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | Vibration measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210201858.9A CN116734979A (en) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | Vibration measuring device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116734979A true CN116734979A (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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ID=87915575
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210201858.9A Pending CN116734979A (en) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | Vibration measuring device |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116734979A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-03-03 CN CN202210201858.9A patent/CN116734979A/en active Pending
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