CN116699367A - System and method for rapidly diagnosing faults of onboard circuit board - Google Patents
System and method for rapidly diagnosing faults of onboard circuit board Download PDFInfo
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- CN116699367A CN116699367A CN202310782080.XA CN202310782080A CN116699367A CN 116699367 A CN116699367 A CN 116699367A CN 202310782080 A CN202310782080 A CN 202310782080A CN 116699367 A CN116699367 A CN 116699367A
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- 238000011418 maintenance treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2832—Specific tests of electronic circuits not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/2836—Fault-finding or characterising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2832—Specific tests of electronic circuits not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/2836—Fault-finding or characterising
- G01R31/2846—Fault-finding or characterising using hard- or software simulation or using knowledge-based systems, e.g. expert systems, artificial intelligence or interactive algorithms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid fault diagnosis system and method for an onboard circuit board, and particularly relates to the field of fault diagnosis of circuit boards, wherein the rapid fault diagnosis system comprises a circuit board drawing module, a signal conditioning module, an equipment signal acquisition module, a signal analysis module, a fault diagnosis module, a system fault alarm module, a system performance evaluation module and an information interaction module; the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters obtained through signal analysis are compared with the output signals of the circuit board when the system works normally, the fault point of the circuit board is judged through signal reasoning of the fault phenomenon in the circuit is detected, the type, the position and the severity of the fault of the circuit board are found according to the circuit board physical diagram and the PCB diagram, an alarm is triggered to remind to give a suggestion for the maintenance treatment of the circuit board, and a report is generated through evaluating the fault diagnosis capability of the system, so that the subsequent maintenance is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis of circuit boards, in particular to a system and a method for rapidly diagnosing faults of an onboard circuit board.
Background
The fault diagnosis refers to the process of detecting a diagnosis object under the guidance of a specific test and fault judging method and finding and positioning faults at the same time, thereby providing basis for fault repair. The circuit board in the current society plays a larger and larger role, under the promotion of continuous improvement and perfection of microelectronic technology development, the construction operation of the circuit system is gradually developed towards integration, diversification, intellectualization and complicating, so that various fault frequency of the circuit board in the actual operation process is directly caused, and people pay more attention to the fault diagnosis system of the circuit board.
The structure of the existing circuit board fault diagnosis system is an upper computer system, a test fixture, a circuit platform and a sensor module, wherein the upper computer system consists of a general PC, related software and a database, and a test program stored in the PC controls the diagnosis process of the whole system and provides a friendly man-machine interaction interface. The test fixture is a channel for information exchange between the tested circuit board and the upper computer. The circuit platform is a hardware circuit for connecting the golden finger and the PC system, and comprises a data acquisition card, a controller and an interface circuit board. The sensor module converts the non-electric signal into an electric signal which can be recognized by a computer. The method has the characteristics of rapidness, accuracy in fault location, practicability and modularization.
However, in practical use, there are still many drawbacks, such as due to the limitation of the technical level of China, more methods of manual inspection or projector inspection are adopted to detect the fault of the circuit board in early stage, and the detection mode leads to higher detection omission ratio, high labor intensity and low detection efficiency, and along with the trend of circuit board precision, the traditional fault diagnosis system cannot adapt to the social requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a rapid diagnosis system and a rapid diagnosis method for faults of an onboard circuit board, static parameters, direct current level parameters and dynamic parameters obtained through signal analysis are compared with circuit board output signals when the system works normally, fault points of the circuit board are judged through signal reasoning of fault phenomena in a circuit, the type, the position and the severity of the faults of the circuit board are found according to a circuit board physical diagram and a PCB diagram, an alarm prompt is triggered to give a suggestion for maintenance treatment of the circuit board, and a report is generated through evaluating the fault diagnosis capability of the system so as to facilitate subsequent maintenance, thereby solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
and a circuit board drawing module: the circuit node detection method comprises the steps of drawing a physical diagram and a PCB diagram of a circuit board, drawing the physical diagram and the PCB diagram of the circuit board according to the circuit board to be detected, and marking circuit nodes to be detected on the physical diagram in a flashing mode;
and a signal conditioning module: the device is used for amplifying signals and protecting front-end circuits, and filtering, limiting, shaping, amplifying and isolating the signals;
the equipment signal acquisition module: the system comprises a data acquisition card, an information analysis module, a power supply module and a power supply module, wherein the data acquisition card is used for acquiring level conversion signals, digital signals and power supply signals of a circuit node according to the data acquisition card and transmitting the signals to the information analysis module;
and a signal analysis module: the system comprises a level conversion signal, a digital signal and a power supply signal, which are used for receiving a device signal acquisition module, and analyzing and processing the level conversion signal, the digital signal and the power supply signal to obtain a static parameter, a direct current level parameter and a dynamic parameter;
and a fault diagnosis module: is used for comparing the static parameter, the direct current level parameter and the dynamic parameter obtained by the signal analysis module with the output signal of the circuit board when the system works normally, finding out the signal reasoning of the fault phenomenon in the circuit to judge the fault point of the circuit board, finding out the type, the position and the severity of the fault of the circuit board according to the physical diagram and the PCB diagram of the circuit board drawing module, and transmitting the fault to the system fault alarm module;
and a system fault alarm module: the system comprises a fault diagnosis module, an information interaction module, a control module and a control module, wherein the fault diagnosis module is used for receiving the fault type, the fault location and the fault severity of the fault diagnosis module, triggering an alarm prompt and transmitting the alarm prompt to the information interaction module, and the alarm prompt comprises the fault type, the fault location and the fault severity of the circuit board and a maintenance treatment suggestion for the circuit board;
performance evaluation module: the system performance evaluation index is obtained according to the system fault diagnosis accuracy and the availability evaluation, and a report is generated and transmitted to the information interaction module;
and the information interaction module is used for: the system performance evaluation index and report form are used for receiving the system performance evaluation index and report form transmitted by the system performance evaluation module, the fault type, the position and the severity of the circuit board transmitted by the system fault alarm module and the maintenance processing suggestion of the circuit board, and final information is transmitted to the network terminal to perform information interaction and confirmation.
In a preferred embodiment, the specific conditioning mode of the signal conditioning module is as follows: the photoelectric and magnetoelectric isolation technology is adopted to realize mutual isolation conversion of input and output signals, and the mutual isolation conversion comprises isolation between the input and output of signals, isolation between the input and output of a power supply and isolation between a signal channel and a power supply channel.
In a preferred embodiment, the specific acquisition mode of the device signal acquisition module is as follows: and converting the output analog signal into a digital signal, remotely transmitting or wirelessly transmitting the signal, and converting the digital signal into the analog signal through a remote analog signal output module to obtain a restored output analog signal.
In a preferred embodiment, the specific diagnosis process of the fault diagnosis module is as follows:
comparing the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters with output signals of the circuit board when the system works normally, indicating that the circuit board fails when the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters are inconsistent with the output signals, and detecting signal reasoning of the failure phenomenon in the circuit to judge the failure point of the circuit board; checking a physical diagram and a PCB diagram of a fault point of the circuit board, and detecting according to the following sequence:
looking at the state of the element: observing whether the circuit board has obvious element damage;
welding of the circuit board: the circuit board has no deformation and warpage, no welding spot falling off, obvious cold joint, no warping and burning and blackening of the copper-clad sheet of the circuit board;
insert for viewing element: whether the direction of the power transformer of the integrated circuit, the diode and the circuit board is correct or not;
simple test of resistance, capacitance and inductance: the universal meter is used for simply testing the resistance, the capacitance and the inductance elements in the measuring range, and testing whether the resistance value of the resistance becomes large, the capacitance is short-circuited, the open circuit and the capacitance change, and the inductance is short-circuited and the open circuit;
and (5) power-on test: testing whether the power supply of the circuit board is normal, whether the alternating current power supply of the circuit board is abnormal, whether the output of the voltage stabilizer is abnormal, and whether the output of the switching power supply and the waveform are abnormal;
the system fault alarm module is used for receiving the fault type, the position and the severity of the fault diagnosis module, triggering alarm reminding and transmitting the alarm reminding to the information interaction module, wherein the alarm reminding comprises the fault type, the position and the severity of the circuit board and a maintenance treatment suggestion for the circuit board.
In a preferred embodiment, the fault type includes component faults: due to mechanical, temperature, environmental, electrical, packaging, and aging factors; mechanical failure: including elastic and plastic deformation, initiation and propagation of fatigue fracture, brittle fracture, buckling, creep and creep fracture; thermal failure: thermal faults occur when the component is heated above its critical temperature; environmental failure: caused by foreign matter, moisture, dust, surge and heat.
In a preferred embodiment, the severity comprises light damage, low damage, moderate damage, heavy damage.
In a preferred embodiment, the equipment repair process recommendation is an integrated repair process recommendation based on an expert and past repair cases.
In a preferred embodiment, the calculation formula of the system performance evaluation index is:
wherein R is represented as a system performance evaluation index, k1, k2 are represented as weight factors, t1 is represented as a system non-failure operation time, t2 is represented as a system failure maintenance time,/>Expressed as system fault diagnosis accuracy, lambda is expressed as an influencing factor.
In a preferred embodiment, a method of an on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system includes the steps of:
step S1, drawing a physical image and a PCB image of a circuit board according to the circuit board to be detected, and marking circuit nodes to be detected on the physical image in a flickering mode;
s2, carrying out signal amplification and front-end circuit protection according to a signal conditioning module, and carrying out filtering, amplitude limiting, shaping, amplification and isolation treatment on the signals;
s3, acquiring a level conversion signal, a digital signal and a power signal of a circuit node according to a data acquisition card, and transmitting the level conversion signal, the digital signal and the power signal to an information analysis module, wherein the data acquisition card adopts an FPGA acquisition card processor;
s4, receiving the collected level conversion signals, digital signals and power signals according to the equipment signal collection module, and analyzing and processing the signals to obtain static parameters, direct current level parameters and dynamic parameters;
s5, comparing the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters obtained by the signal analysis module with output signals of the circuit board when the system works normally, finding out signals with fault phenomena in the circuit to infer and judge fault points of the circuit board, finding out the type, the position and the severity of the fault of the circuit board according to a physical diagram and a PCB diagram of the circuit board drawing module, and transmitting the fault points to the system fault alarm module;
step S6, triggering alarm reminding according to the fault type, the position and the severity of the fault diagnosis module, and transmitting the alarm reminding to the information interaction module;
s7, obtaining a system performance evaluation index according to the system fault diagnosis accuracy and the availability evaluation, generating a report and transmitting the report to the information interaction module;
and S8, transmitting final information to a network terminal and carrying out information interaction and confirmation according to the system performance evaluation index and report transmitted by the system performance evaluation module, the fault type, the position and the severity of the circuit board transmitted by the system fault alarm module and the maintenance treatment suggestion of the circuit board.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
the system comprises a circuit board drawing module, a signal conditioning module, a device signal acquisition module, a signal analysis module, a fault diagnosis module, a system fault alarm module, a system performance evaluation module and an information interaction module; the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters obtained through signal analysis are compared with the output signals of the circuit board when the system works normally, the fault point of the circuit board is judged through signal reasoning of the fault phenomenon in the circuit is detected, the type, the position and the severity of the fault of the circuit board are found according to the circuit board physical diagram and the PCB diagram, an alarm is triggered to remind to give a suggestion for the maintenance treatment of the circuit board, and a report is generated through evaluating the fault diagnosis capability of the system, so that the subsequent maintenance is convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a system method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a rapid fault diagnosis system and method for an onboard circuit board as shown in fig. 1-2, wherein the rapid fault diagnosis system comprises a circuit board drawing module, a signal conditioning module, a device signal acquisition module, a signal analysis module, a fault diagnosis module, a system fault alarm module, a system performance evaluation module and an information interaction module; the circuit board drawing module is connected with the signal conditioning module, the signal conditioning module is connected with the equipment signal acquisition module, the equipment signal acquisition module is connected with the signal analysis module, the signal analysis module is connected with the fault diagnosis module, the fault diagnosis module is connected with the system fault alarm module, the system fault alarm module is connected with the information interaction module, and the system performance evaluation module is connected with the information interaction module.
The circuit board drawing module is used for drawing a physical image and a PCB image of the circuit board, drawing the physical image and the PCB image of the circuit board according to the circuit board to be detected, and identifying circuit nodes to be detected on the physical image in a flickering mode;
the embodiment needs to specifically explain that the drawing process of the circuit board drawing module belongs to the technical field of electronic information and belongs to the prior art means, so the embodiment does not make specific explanation;
the signal conditioning module is used for amplifying signals and protecting a front-end circuit, and filtering, limiting, shaping, amplifying and isolating the signals;
the embodiment needs to specifically explain that the specific conditioning mode of the signal conditioning module is as follows: the photoelectric and magneto-electric isolation technology is adopted to realize mutual isolation conversion of input and output signals, including isolation between the input and output of signals, isolation between the input and output of a power supply, and isolation between a signal channel and a power supply channel;
the equipment signal acquisition module is used for acquiring level conversion signals, digital signals and power supply signals of the circuit nodes according to the data acquisition card and transmitting the signals to the information analysis module, wherein the data acquisition card adopts an FPGA acquisition card processor;
the embodiment needs to specifically explain that the specific acquisition mode of the equipment signal acquisition module is as follows: converting the output analog signals into digital signals, and remotely or wirelessly transmitting the signals, and converting the digital signals into analog signals through a remote analog signal output module to obtain restored output analog signals;
the signal analysis module is used for receiving the level conversion signal, the digital signal and the power supply signal of the equipment signal acquisition module, and analyzing and processing the level conversion signal, the digital signal and the power supply signal to obtain static parameters, direct current level parameters and dynamic parameters;
the embodiment needs to specifically explain that the processing procedure of the signal analysis module is as follows: extracting characteristics of signals by adopting a method of mathematical statistics and signal processing, removing noise and interference in the signals, eliminating errors of a measurement system, correcting distorted waveforms, and carrying out analysis processing according to a method of time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis, time sequence analysis, winger analysis, short-time Fourier analysis, wavelet analysis, fractal geometry and chaotic signal processing; the signal processing method belongs to the prior art means, so the embodiment does not make a specific description;
the fault diagnosis module is used for comparing the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters obtained by the signal analysis module with the output signals of the circuit board when the system works normally, detecting the signal reasoning of the fault phenomenon in the circuit to judge the fault point of the circuit board, finding out the type, the position and the severity of the fault of the circuit board according to the physical diagram and the PCB diagram of the circuit board drawing module, and transmitting the fault point to the system fault alarm module;
the embodiment needs to specifically explain that the specific diagnosis process of the fault diagnosis module is as follows:
comparing the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters with output signals of the circuit board when the system works normally, indicating that the circuit board fails when the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters are inconsistent with the output signals, and detecting signal reasoning of the failure phenomenon in the circuit to judge the failure point of the circuit board; checking a physical diagram and a PCB diagram of a fault point of the circuit board, and detecting according to the following sequence:
looking at the state of the element: observing whether the circuit board has obvious element damage;
welding of the circuit board: the circuit board has no deformation and warpage, no welding spot falling off, obvious cold joint, no warping and burning and blackening of the copper-clad sheet of the circuit board;
insert for viewing element: whether the direction of the power transformer of the integrated circuit, the diode and the circuit board is correct or not;
simple test of resistance, capacitance and inductance: the universal meter is used for simply testing the resistance, the capacitance and the inductance elements in the measuring range, and testing whether the resistance value of the resistance becomes large, the capacitance is short-circuited, the open circuit and the capacitance change, and the inductance is short-circuited and the open circuit;
and (5) power-on test: testing whether the power supply of the circuit board is normal, whether the alternating current power supply of the circuit board is abnormal, whether the output of the voltage stabilizer is abnormal, and whether the output of the switching power supply and the waveform are abnormal;
the system fault alarm module is used for receiving the fault type, the position and the severity of the fault diagnosis module, triggering alarm reminding and transmitting the alarm reminding to the information interaction module, wherein the alarm reminding comprises the fault type, the position and the severity of the circuit board and a maintenance treatment suggestion for the circuit board;
the embodiment should specifically specify that the fault types include component faults: due to mechanical, temperature, environmental, electrical, packaging, and aging factors; mechanical failure: including elastic and plastic deformation, initiation and propagation of fatigue fracture, brittle fracture, buckling, creep and creep fracture; thermal failure: thermal faults occur when the component is heated above its critical temperature; environmental failure: caused by foreign matter, moisture, dust, surge and heat;
the embodiment should specifically illustrate that the severity includes slight damage, low damage, moderate damage, heavy damage;
the embodiment needs to specifically explain that the equipment maintenance treatment suggestion is a comprehensive maintenance treatment suggestion given by an expert and a past maintenance case;
the system performance evaluation module is used for evaluating the fault diagnosis capability of the system, obtaining a system performance evaluation index according to the fault diagnosis accuracy and the availability evaluation of the system, generating a report and transmitting the report to the information interaction module;
the implementation needs to specifically explain that the calculation formula of the system performance evaluation index is as follows:
wherein R is represented as a system performance evaluation index, k1, k2 are represented as weight factors, t1 is represented as a system non-failure operation time, t2 is represented as a system failure maintenance time,/>Expressed as system fault diagnosis accuracy, lambda is expressed as an influencing factor;
the information interaction module is used for receiving the system performance evaluation index and report transmitted by the system performance evaluation module, transmitting the fault type, position and severity of the circuit board and the maintenance treatment suggestion of the circuit board to the system fault alarm module, transmitting the final information to the network terminal, and carrying out information interaction and confirmation;
the implementation needs to be specifically explained, the information interaction belongs to the traditional information conveying process and belongs to the prior art means, so that the specific explanation is not made in the embodiment, and in addition, the information data designed in the embodiment are all stored in the information storage module.
The specific operation method of this embodiment is as follows:
step S1, drawing a physical image and a PCB image of a circuit board according to the circuit board to be detected, and marking circuit nodes to be detected on the physical image in a flickering mode;
s2, carrying out signal amplification and front-end circuit protection according to a signal conditioning module, and carrying out filtering, amplitude limiting, shaping, amplification and isolation treatment on the signals;
s3, acquiring a level conversion signal, a digital signal and a power signal of a circuit node according to a data acquisition card, and transmitting the level conversion signal, the digital signal and the power signal to an information analysis module, wherein the data acquisition card adopts an FPGA acquisition card processor;
s4, receiving the collected level conversion signals, digital signals and power signals according to the equipment signal collection module, and analyzing and processing the signals to obtain static parameters, direct current level parameters and dynamic parameters;
s5, diagnosing fault points of the fault circuit board, carrying out reasoning and judging according to the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters obtained by the signal analysis module, finding out the type, the position and the severity of the fault of the circuit board according to the physical diagram and the PCB diagram of the circuit board drawing module, and transmitting the type, the position and the severity to the system fault alarm module;
step S6, triggering alarm reminding according to the fault type, the position and the severity of the fault diagnosis module, and transmitting the alarm reminding to the information interaction module;
s7, obtaining a system performance evaluation index according to the system fault diagnosis accuracy and the availability evaluation, generating a report and transmitting the report to the information interaction module;
s8, transmitting final information to a network terminal and carrying out information interaction and confirmation according to the system performance evaluation index and report transmitted by the system performance evaluation module, the fault type, the position and the severity of the circuit board transmitted by the system fault alarm module and the maintenance treatment suggestion of the circuit board;
finally: the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather, any modifications, substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system, comprising:
and a circuit board drawing module: the circuit node detection method comprises the steps of drawing a physical diagram and a PCB diagram of a circuit board, drawing the physical diagram and the PCB diagram of the circuit board according to the circuit board to be detected, and marking circuit nodes to be detected on the physical diagram in a flashing mode;
and a signal conditioning module: the device is used for amplifying signals and protecting front-end circuits, and filtering, limiting, shaping, amplifying and isolating the signals;
the equipment signal acquisition module: the system comprises a data acquisition card, an information analysis module, a power supply module and a power supply module, wherein the data acquisition card is used for acquiring level conversion signals, digital signals and power supply signals of circuit nodes according to the data acquisition card and transmitting the signals to the information analysis module;
and a signal analysis module: the system comprises a level conversion signal, a digital signal and a power supply signal, which are used for receiving a device signal acquisition module, and analyzing and processing the level conversion signal, the digital signal and the power supply signal to obtain a static parameter, a direct current level parameter and a dynamic parameter;
and a fault diagnosis module: is used for comparing the static parameter, the direct current level parameter and the dynamic parameter obtained by the signal analysis module with the output signal of the circuit board when the system works normally, finding out the signal reasoning of the fault phenomenon in the circuit to judge the fault point of the circuit board, finding out the type, the position and the severity of the fault of the circuit board according to the physical diagram and the PCB diagram of the circuit board drawing module, and transmitting the fault to the system fault alarm module;
and a system fault alarm module: the system comprises a fault diagnosis module, an information interaction module, a control module and a control module, wherein the fault diagnosis module is used for receiving the fault type, the fault location and the fault severity of the fault diagnosis module, triggering an alarm prompt and transmitting the alarm prompt to the information interaction module, and the alarm prompt comprises the fault type, the fault location and the fault severity of the circuit board and a maintenance treatment suggestion for the circuit board;
performance evaluation module: the system performance evaluation index is obtained according to the system fault diagnosis accuracy and the availability evaluation, and a report is generated and transmitted to the information interaction module;
and the information interaction module is used for: the system performance evaluation index and report form are used for receiving the system performance evaluation index and report form transmitted by the system performance evaluation module, the fault type, the position and the severity of the circuit board transmitted by the system fault alarm module and the maintenance processing suggestion of the circuit board, and final information is transmitted to the network terminal to perform information interaction and confirmation.
2. An on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system according to claim 1, wherein: the specific conditioning mode of the signal conditioning module is as follows: the photoelectric and magnetoelectric isolation technology is adopted to realize mutual isolation conversion of input and output signals, and the mutual isolation conversion comprises isolation between the input and output of signals, isolation between the input and output of a power supply and isolation between a signal channel and a power supply channel.
3. An on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system according to claim 1, wherein: the specific acquisition mode of the equipment signal acquisition module is as follows: and converting the output analog signal into a digital signal, remotely transmitting or wirelessly transmitting the signal, and converting the digital signal into the analog signal through a remote analog signal output module to obtain a restored output analog signal.
4. An on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system according to claim 1, wherein:
the specific diagnosis process of the fault diagnosis module is as follows:
comparing the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters with output signals of the circuit board when the system works normally, indicating that the circuit board fails when the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters are inconsistent with the output signals, and detecting signal reasoning of the failure phenomenon in the circuit to judge the failure point of the circuit board; checking a physical diagram and a PCB diagram of a fault point of the circuit board, and detecting according to the following sequence:
looking at the state of the element: observing whether the circuit board has obvious element damage;
welding of the circuit board: the circuit board has no deformation and warpage, no welding spot falling off, obvious cold joint, no warping and burning and blackening of the copper-clad sheet of the circuit board;
insert for viewing element: whether the direction of the power transformer of the integrated circuit, the diode and the circuit board is correct or not;
simple test of resistance, capacitance and inductance: the universal meter is used for simply testing the resistance, the capacitance and the inductance elements in the measuring range, and testing whether the resistance value of the resistance becomes large, the capacitance is short-circuited, the open circuit and the capacitance change, and the inductance is short-circuited and the open circuit;
and (5) power-on test: and testing whether the power supply of the circuit board is normal, whether the alternating current power supply of the circuit board is abnormal, whether the output of the voltage stabilizer is abnormal, and whether the output of the switching power supply and the waveform are abnormal.
5. An on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system according to claim 1, wherein: the fault types include component faults: due to mechanical, temperature, environmental, electrical, packaging, and aging factors; mechanical failure: including elastic and plastic deformation, initiation and propagation of fatigue fracture, brittle fracture, buckling, creep and creep fracture; thermal failure: thermal faults occur when the component is heated above its critical temperature; environmental failure: caused by foreign matter, moisture, dust, surge and heat.
6. An on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system according to claim 1, wherein: the severity includes light damage, low damage, moderate damage, heavy damage.
7. An on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system according to claim 1, wherein: the equipment maintenance treatment advice is based on comprehensive maintenance treatment advice given by an expert and a past maintenance case.
8. An on-board circuit board fault rapid diagnostic system according to claim 1, wherein:
the calculation formula of the system performance evaluation index is as follows:
wherein R is represented as a system performance evaluation index, k1, k2 are represented as weight factors, t1 is represented as a system non-failure operation time, t2 is represented as a system failure maintenance time,/>Expressed as system fault diagnosis accuracy, lambda is expressed as an influencing factor.
9. A method for an on-board circuit board fault quick diagnosis system according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
step S1, drawing a physical image and a PCB image of a circuit board according to the circuit board to be detected, and marking circuit nodes to be detected on the physical image in a flickering mode;
s2, carrying out signal amplification and front-end circuit protection according to a signal conditioning module, and carrying out filtering, amplitude limiting, shaping, amplification and isolation treatment on the signals;
s3, acquiring a level conversion signal, a digital signal and a power signal of a circuit node according to a data acquisition card, and transmitting the level conversion signal, the digital signal and the power signal to an information analysis module, wherein the data acquisition card adopts an FPGA acquisition card processor;
s4, receiving the collected level conversion signals, digital signals and power signals according to the equipment signal collection module, and analyzing and processing the signals to obtain static parameters, direct current level parameters and dynamic parameters;
s5, comparing the static parameters, the direct current level parameters and the dynamic parameters obtained by the signal analysis module with output signals of the circuit board when the system works normally, finding out signals with fault phenomena in the circuit to infer and judge fault points of the circuit board, finding out the type, the position and the severity of the fault of the circuit board according to a physical diagram and a PCB diagram of the circuit board drawing module, and transmitting the fault points to the system fault alarm module;
step S6, triggering alarm reminding according to the fault type, the position and the severity of the fault diagnosis module, and transmitting the alarm reminding to the information interaction module;
s7, obtaining a system performance evaluation index according to the system fault diagnosis accuracy and the availability evaluation, generating a report and transmitting the report to the information interaction module;
and S8, transmitting final information to a network terminal and carrying out information interaction and confirmation according to the system performance evaluation index and report transmitted by the system performance evaluation module, the fault type, the position and the severity of the circuit board transmitted by the system fault alarm module and the maintenance treatment suggestion of the circuit board.
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