CN116689143A - Comprehensive utilization method of high-silicon coarse tailings - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization method of high-silicon coarse tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN116689143A CN116689143A CN202310971505.1A CN202310971505A CN116689143A CN 116689143 A CN116689143 A CN 116689143A CN 202310971505 A CN202310971505 A CN 202310971505A CN 116689143 A CN116689143 A CN 116689143A
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 45
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 fluoride ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensively utilizing coarse tailings of high silicon bara, which belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of tailings, and comprises the following steps: classifying the muddy sand; strong magnetic separation of iron; magnetic separation of iron in ore grinding; removing impurities by strong magnetism; flotation and refining; acid washing and purifying; washing sand and grading; neutralizing; solid-liquid separation; according to the invention, by utilizing the differences of physical and chemical properties such as mineral composition, element content, specific magnetization, density, dissociation degree, floatability, solubility, sedimentation, acidity and alkalinity of valuable minerals contained in the high-silicon coarse tailings, a reasonable mineral dressing process flow is selected, and five products such as fine mud, ferric oxide, quartz sand, quartz powder and tailing sand are separated and respectively used as cement raw materials, smelting steel, quartz sand for glass and ceramics, quartz powder for chemical industry and filling, building material building sand for aerated bricks or concrete, and the comprehensive recycling rate of the high-silicon coarse tailings reaches hundred percent; the liquid in the tail water sedimentation tank and the flotation tail water tank can be returned to the corresponding working procedure section for recycling after sedimentation and clarification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of tailings, in particular to a method for comprehensively utilizing high-silicon coarse tailings.
Background
With the rapid development of national industrial economy and infrastructure, the demand for imported iron ore has increased in recent years. The high-quality iron ore can be directly fed into a furnace for smelting, and a concentrating mill or a substitute processing plant is required to be built in the surrounding area of a port for the medium-quality iron ore, and qualified iron concentrate is purified through crushing, ore grinding, magnetic separation and other processes, and then is smelted by iron and steel enterprises. According to incomplete statistics, about 10 hundred million tons of iron ores are imported annually in China, about one third of medium-quality iron ores need to be subjected to mineral separation and purification, and a mineral separation plant can produce tens of millions of tons of tailings annually.
At present, tailings produced in the processing process of imported iron ores in foreign countries are generally piled up and screened out by a port external ore processing enterprise, coarse sand is used as building material sand, a small amount of medium-quality iron coarse concentrate is obtained by strong magnetic separation, and most of the tailings are piled up as waste. The piled tailings occupy a large amount of land resources, and wastewater generated in the long-term piling process of the tailings also pollutes a groundwater source; meanwhile, the tailings contain valuable minerals such as specularite, hematite, limonite, ilmenite, pyrite, quartz and the like, so that if the tailings are not effectively recycled, the tailings are also seriously wasted natural resources.
The research shows that the iron-containing grade of the high-silicon coarse tailings is generally 15-25%, the iron minerals mainly comprise fine-flake specularite and iron oxide minerals such as granular or powdery hematite, limonite and the like, most of the iron oxide minerals are in a continuous body state, and part of the iron oxide minerals are in a mud phenomenon caused by overgrinding; the silicon content is generally about 60-75%, the silicon-containing minerals mainly comprise medium and fine granular quartz sand, a small amount of feldspar, silicate and the like, and most of quartz particles are in a mottled state and are embedded with fine-grain ferric oxide; however, iron and quartz in the high-silicon coarse tailings are in close symbiosis and high in mutual content, qualified industrial products are difficult to sort out by the conventional beneficiation process, and comprehensive recovery of valuable minerals of secondary resources cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the method for comprehensively utilizing the high-silicon coarse tailings provided by the invention adopts the combined mineral separation process flows of mud sand classification, strong magnetic separation of iron, magnetic separation of iron in grinding, strong magnetic impurity removal, flotation and purification, acid cleaning purification, sand washing classification, neutralization, solid-liquid separation and the like, can effectively recover valuable minerals such as iron oxide ore, quartz and the like in the high-silicon coarse tailings, realizes double zero emission of tailings and tail water, achieves hundred percent of comprehensive utilization rate, and is suitable for large-scale production and application.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for comprehensively utilizing coarse tailings of high silicon bara, which comprises the following steps:
s1: classifying mud sand: carrying out mud sand classification operation on the high-silicon coarse tailings to obtain fine mud and settled sand; the fine mud is discharged into a tail mud sedimentation tank; the fine mud is used as a cement raw material, so that the content of ferric oxide and quartz in the sand setting is improved;
s2: strong magnetic separation iron: carrying out magnetic separation operation on the settled sand under the first magnetic field intensity to obtain a first magnetic substance and a first non-magnetic substance; the first magnetic substance is iron oxide rough concentrate, and the content of quartz in the first non-magnetic substance is improved, so that the purpose of separating iron oxide minerals from quartz minerals is achieved;
s3: and (3) carrying out magnetic separation on iron in ore grinding: grinding the first magnetic substance to obtain a fine-grained product; through grinding operation, the iron oxide rough concentrate which is in a continuous or inclusion state is subjected to monomer dissociation, so that the improvement of magnetic separation operation indexes in the next step is facilitated; carrying out magnetic separation operation on the fine-grained product under the second magnetic field intensity to obtain a second magnetic substance and a second non-magnetic substance; the second magnetic substance is discharged into an iron concentrate sedimentation tank, and the second magnetic substance is a qualified iron oxide concentrate product with the total iron grade being more than or equal to 55%; the second non-magnetic substance is discharged into a tailing sedimentation tank and can be used as a sand raw material of a building material;
s4: strong magnetic impurity removal: carrying out magnetic separation operation on the first nonmagnetic substance under the third magnetic field intensity to obtain a third magnetic substance and a third nonmagnetic substance; the third magnetic substance is discharged into the tailing sedimentation tank, is iron-containing impurity minerals such as weak magnetic or extremely weak magnetic ferric oxide, ferric silicate and the like, and can be used as a sand raw material of buildings and building materials; the quality of quartz in the third non-magnetic substance is further improved;
s5: flotation and refining: carrying out flotation operation on the third non-magnetic substance under alkaline conditions to obtain a foam product and a non-foam product; the foam product is discharged into the tailing sedimentation tank, and the foam product is minerals containing impurities such as iron, titanium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and the like; the quality of quartz in the non-foam product is further improved;
s6: acid washing and purification: the non-foam product is pulped and then is subjected to acid washing operation, so that impurities such as solid ferric oxide, titanium, aluminum and the like contained on the surface and in the quartz particles can be dissolved into acid immersion liquid, and quartz in a first solid matter is deeply purified; the acid immersion liquid is discharged into a waste liquid pool;
s7: washing sand and grading: the first solid is subjected to sand washing operation, so that acidic substances contained on the surfaces of quartz particles can be cleaned; obtaining a second solid and a tail liquid; the tail liquid is discharged into a tail water sedimentation tank; siO in the second solid 2 The content is more than or equal to 98.80 percent, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than or equal to 0.03 percent; separating the second solid materialPerforming stage operation to obtain medium-granularity quartz sand and fine-granularity quartz powder; the quartz sand with medium granularity is SiO 2 The content is more than or equal to 99.00 percent, fe 2 O 3 Quartz sand concentrate products for coarse-grain-grade high-purity glass or ceramic, the content of which is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the fine-grained quartz powder is SiO 2 The content is more than or equal to 98.50 percent, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than or equal to 0.04 percent of fine-particle grade quartz powder industrial products for rubber, plastic or chemical filler;
s8: and (3) neutralization: neutralizing the acid immersion liquid in the waste liquid pool to obtain sediment and neutral liquid; the sediment is discharged into the tail mud sedimentation tank, and the neutral liquid is discharged into the tail water sedimentation tank;
s9: solid-liquid separation: respectively carrying out solid-liquid separation operation on the product in the tailing pond, the second magnetic substance, the product in the tailing pond, the medium-granularity quartz sand and the fine-granularity quartz powder to obtain first filtrate, discharging the first filtrate into the tailing pond, and separating solid particles in the liquid from water through sedimentation and clarification operation on the liquid in the tailing pond, wherein the sediment can be used as cement raw materials, and the water can be returned to corresponding operation procedures for recycling so as to realize the purpose of zero emission of the tailing water; and (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation operation on the non-foam product to obtain second filtrate, discharging the second filtrate into a flotation tail water tank, separating solid particles in the liquid from water through precipitation and clarification operation, wherein the precipitate can be used as cement raw materials, and the water contains a small amount of medicament and can be returned to the flotation operation for recycling, so that the cost of the medicament for flotation is reduced.
As a preferable technical scheme, in step S1, the coarse tailings of high silicon bara are subjected to a silt classification operation by using a hydrocyclone; the overflow granularity of the hydrocyclone is 500-700 meshes, preferably 600 meshes, and two products of sand setting with granularity of +600 meshes and fine mud with granularity of-600 meshes can be separated.
As a preferable technical scheme, in step S2, the first magnetic field strength is set to 0.8-1.0 tesla, so that coarse iron oxide concentrate with total iron content of 40-45% can be selected, and a vertical-ring high-gradient magnetic separator is preferably used for magnetic separation operation.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S3, the first magnetic material is subjected to a grinding operation using a ball mill; the second magnetic field strength is set to be 0.5-0.7 tesla, qualified iron oxide concentrate products with the total iron grade being more than or equal to 55% can be selected, and a vertical ring high gradient magnetic separator is preferably used for magnetic separation operation.
As a preferable technical scheme, in step S4, the third magnetic field strength is set to 1.6-1.8 tesla, and the magnetic separation operation is performed by using a vertical-ring high-gradient magnetic separator.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S5, the mode of the flotation operation is reverse flotation; the regulator is sodium carbonate, and the collector is fatty acid.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S6, the pickling operation specifically includes the steps of: adding mixed acid consisting of at least two of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and hydrofluoric acid into the non-foam product, wherein the dosage of the mixed acid is 10-20% of the weight of the non-foam product, adjusting the pulp concentration of the non-foam product to 50-70%, and stirring and leaching for 9-11 hours at the temperature of 25-35 ℃.
As a preferable technical scheme, in step S7, the first solid is immersed in an alkaline solution before performing the sand washing operation; the alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide; the grading granularity of the second solid is set to be 100-200 meshes, preferably 150 meshes, and two products of medium-granularity quartz sand with +150 meshes and fine-granularity quartz powder with-150 meshes can be separated.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step S8, lime milk is added into the waste liquid pool to perform neutralization reaction with the acid immersion liquid, lime reacts with sulfur, chlorine and fluoride ions to generate solid compounds such as calcium sulfate, calcium chloride and calcium fluoride, neutral liquid with neutral pH value can be obtained, and the neutral liquid can be returned to the working procedure for recycling, so that environmental pollution sources are avoided.
As a preferable technical scheme, in step S9, the product in the tail mud sedimentation tank is subjected to solid-liquid separation operation by using a ceramic filter, and the obtained fine mud can be used as a cement raw material; the second magnetic substance and the products in the tailing sedimentation tank are subjected to solid-liquid separation operation by using a plate-and-frame filter press, so that iron concentrate and tailing can be respectively obtained and used as iron oxide fine powder for smelting steel, aerated bricks or building material construction sand for concrete respectively; and performing solid-liquid separation operation on the medium-granularity quartz sand and the fine-granularity quartz powder by using a disc filter to respectively obtain quartz sand and quartz powder which are respectively used as quartz sand for glass and ceramics and quartz powder for chemical industry and filler.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, reasonable mud sand classification, strong magnetic separation iron, magnetic separation iron in grinding, strong magnetic impurity removal, flotation and refining, acid cleaning and refining, sand washing classification, neutralization, solid-liquid separation and other combined mineral separation process flows are selected by utilizing the differences of physical and chemical properties such as mineral composition, element content, specific magnetization, density, dissociation degree, floatability, solubility, sedimentation, acidity and alkalinity of valuable minerals contained in the high-silicon coarse tailings, and the five products such as fine mud, ferric oxide, quartz sand, quartz powder and tailing are separated and used as cement raw materials, ferric oxide fine powder for smelting steel, quartz sand for glass and ceramics, quartz powder for chemical industry and filling, aerated bricks or building material building sand for concrete respectively, and the comprehensive recycling rate of the high-silicon coarse tailings reaches hundred percent, so that the aim of zero emission of tailings is fulfilled; the liquid in the tail water sedimentation tank and the flotation tail water tank can return to the corresponding working procedure section for recycling after sedimentation and clarification, thereby realizing the aim of zero emission of the tail water.
2. The method has the characteristics of scientific process, simple and clear flow, reasonable configuration, strong applicability and the like, has important comprehensive recycling value of secondary resources and environmental protection significance, and is suitable for large-scale production and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for comprehensively utilizing coarse tailings of high silicon bara in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art.
Taking a certain Shandong concentrating mill as an example, the raw ore entering the concentrating mill is high-silicon bar coarse ore imported from a sunshine port, a section of ore grinding is adopted, the fineness is about 60 percent, magnetite is subjected to magnetic separation by 3000GS, the magnetic tails are subjected to one-time rough concentration by a vertical-ring high-gradient magnetic separator by 0.6 Tesla and one-time scavenging by 0.8 Tesla, the yield of the high-silicon bar coarse ore is about 20 percent, the average daily treatment capacity of the concentrating mill is 10000 tons, more than 2000 tons of high-silicon bar coarse ore are produced every day and discharged into a tailing pond, the concentrating mill is subjected to process transformation along with the increase of the tailing storage capacity pressure, the tailings are separated into two products of fine mud and coarse sand by a hydrocyclone, the fine mud is sold to a cement mill, and the coarse sand is used as building material sand, and the process solves the storage capacity pressure and produces certain economic benefits, but wastes of valuable mineral resources such as iron oxide ore, quartz and the like contained in the tailings.
The research shows that the main metal minerals in the coarse tailings of the high-silicon bar produced by the ore dressing plant are specularite, hematite, limonite and the like, and the main non-metal minerals are quartz and a small amount of feldspar, ferric silicate and the like. The mineral composition of the coarse tailings of high silica is simple, the contents of silicon and iron are high, the TFe content is generally 15-25% by analysis, and the SiO content is high 2 The content is 65-75%, most of the iron oxide minerals are in a intergrowth state, and part of the iron oxide generates a mud phenomenon; the surface of the quartz particles is unevenly distributed with fine iron oxide impurities, and other minerals have lower content. According to the mineral occurrence state, the method for comprehensively utilizing the coarse tailings of the high silicon bara can comprehensively recover valuable minerals such as ferric oxide, quartz and the like in the tailings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of a method for comprehensive utilization of coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: classifying mud sand: the coarse tailings of high silicon bara with fineness of about 60 percent and 200 meshes enter a hydrocyclone to carry out mud sand classification operation, and overflow is 600 meshes (-23 mu m) and Fe 2 O 3 Fine mud with the content of 25-30% and sand setting as particles with the particle size of +600 meshes (+ 23 mu m); discharging fine mud into a tail mud sedimentation tank;
s2: strong magnetic separation iron: the sand setting enters a vertical ring high gradient magnetic separator to carry out first stage strong magnetic separation iron operation, and under the conditions of magnetic field intensity of 0.8-1.0 Tesla, phi 2mm high magnetic conduction stainless steel rod medium, 20Hz pulsation and the like, first magnetic matters (iron oxide rough concentrate) with the total iron TFe grade of about 40% are magnetically separated, and the rest are first non-magnetic matters;
s3: and (3) carrying out magnetic separation on iron in ore grinding: the first magnetic substance enters a ball mill for grinding operation, a fine-granularity product obtained in the grinding operation enters a vertical ring high gradient magnetic separator for carrying out magnetic separation iron operation in a second section, and under the conditions of 0.5-0.7 tesla of magnetic field strength, phi 2mm high magnetic conductive stainless steel rod medium, 25Hz pulsation and the like, a second magnetic substance with the grade of 57.23% of total iron TFe is obtained and discharged into an iron concentrate sedimentation tank; the rest is the second non-magnetic matters which are discharged into a tailing sedimentation tank;
s4: strong magnetic impurity removal: the first non-magnetic substance enters a vertical-ring high-gradient magnetic separator to perform third-stage strong magnetic impurity removal operation, under the conditions of magnetic field intensity of 1.6-1.8 tesla, phi 2mm high-permeability stainless steel rod medium, 0 pulse and the like, granular third magnetic substances such as ferric oxide, titanium oxide, ferric silicate and the like with lower specific magnetization rate are selected and discharged into a tailing sedimentation tank, and the rest is the third non-magnetic substance;
s5: flotation and refining: siO in the third non-magnetic material 2 The content of the main impurities is 97.18 percent, the main impurities are ferric oxide, titanium, aluminum, potassium, sodium and the like, the sodium carbonate is taken as a regulator to regulate the ore pulp to be weak alkaline with the pH value of 8, the fatty acid with the dosage of 1500g/t is taken as a collector, a small amount of ferric oxide, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, feldspar, ferric silicate and other impurities are floated, the floated foam products are discharged into a tailing sedimentation tank, and the rest is non-foam products;
s6: acid washing and purification: siO in non-foam products 2 Is 98.50% of Al 2 O 3 The content of (C) is 0.52 percent, fe 2 O 3 The content of the non-foam product is 0.48%, the content of impurities such as iron and aluminum exceeds the standard, mixed acid consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and hydrofluoric acid is added, the dosage is 12-15% of the weight of sand, the non-foam product is stirred and leached for 10 hours under the conditions of 60% of pulp concentration and 30 ℃, the impurities such as iron oxide and aluminum in the surface and cracks of the non-foam product are dissolved into liquid compounds, the produced acid leaching liquid is discharged into a waste liquid pool, and the rest is first solid matters;
s7: washing sand and grading: the surface of the first solid material containsWashing with clear water twice, then adding the washed acid-base neutralized sand washing operation into strong alkaline liquid with the PH value adjusted to be 13-14 by sodium hydroxide, and rinsing the neutralized sand washing operation by clear water to obtain a second solid and tail liquid; discharging the tail liquid into a tail water sedimentation tank; the second solid material enters classification operation, and is sieved and classified by 150 meshes to respectively produce SiO 2 99.38% of Fe 2 O 3 Medium grain quartz sand and SiO with 0.016% content 2 Content 98.84%, fe 2 O 3 Fine grain quartz powder with the content of 0.035%;
s8: and (3) neutralization: adding lime milk with the dosage of 50Kg/t and flocculant with the concentration of 4 permillage into acid immersion liquid in a waste liquid pond, enabling compounds generated in the leaching process and sulfur, chlorine and fluoride ions to react to generate solid compounds such as calcium sulfate, calcium chloride and calcium fluoride for flocculation precipitation, and discharging obtained precipitate into a tail mud sedimentation tank; neutral liquid with pH value of 7-7.5 produced by the neutralization operation is discharged into a tail water sedimentation tank;
s9: solid-liquid separation: respectively carrying out solid-liquid separation operation on a product in the tail mud sedimentation tank, a second magnetic substance, a product in the tail mud sedimentation tank, medium-granularity quartz sand and fine-granularity quartz powder to obtain first filtrate, discharging the first filtrate into a tail water sedimentation tank, and recycling liquid in the tail water sedimentation tank after two-stage sedimentation and clarification operation; performing solid-liquid separation operation on the non-foam product to obtain second filtrate, wherein the second filtrate contains a certain amount of flotation agents, the second filtrate is discharged into a flotation tail water tank, and liquid in the flotation tail water tank returns to the flotation operation for use after sedimentation and clarification operation; the precipitate is concentrated and dewatered to obtain cement as raw material.
After the process flow of the invention is carried out, as shown in table 1, iron concentrate with TFe grade of 57.23% can be magnetically separated, the yield of the iron concentrate is 12.47%, and the iron concentrate is mainly used in the iron and steel smelting industry; the yield of the medium-granularity quartz sand is 29.25%, and the medium-granularity quartz sand is mainly used in industries such as glass, ceramics, refractory materials and the like; the yield of the fine-granularity quartz powder is 18.07%, and the fine-granularity quartz powder is mainly used in the industries of chemical industry, rubber plastic, paint and the like; the yield of the fine mud is 27.39%, and the fine mud is mainly used as a cement raw material; the yield of the tailing is 12.82%, and the tailing is mainly used as building material building sand for concrete or aerated bricks.
TABLE 1 comprehensive utilization of coarse tailings of high silica
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for comprehensively utilizing the coarse tailings of the high silicon bara is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: classifying mud sand: carrying out mud sand classification operation on the high-silicon coarse tailings to obtain fine mud and settled sand; the fine mud is discharged into a tail mud sedimentation tank;
s2: strong magnetic separation iron: carrying out magnetic separation operation on the settled sand under the first magnetic field intensity to obtain a first magnetic substance and a first non-magnetic substance;
s3: and (3) carrying out magnetic separation on iron in ore grinding: grinding the first magnetic substance to obtain a fine-grained product; carrying out magnetic separation operation on the fine-grained product under the second magnetic field intensity to obtain a second magnetic substance and a second non-magnetic substance; the second magnetic substance is discharged into an iron ore concentrate sedimentation tank, and the second non-magnetic substance is discharged into a tailing sedimentation tank;
s4: strong magnetic impurity removal: carrying out magnetic separation operation on the first nonmagnetic substance under the third magnetic field intensity to obtain a third magnetic substance and a third nonmagnetic substance; the third magnetic substance is discharged into the tailing sedimentation tank;
s5: flotation and refining: carrying out flotation operation on the third non-magnetic substance to obtain a foam product and a non-foam product; discharging the foam product into the tailing pond;
s6: acid washing and purification: performing pickling operation after pulping the non-foam product to obtain a first solid and an acid immersion liquid; the acid immersion liquid is discharged into a waste liquid pool;
s7: washing sand and grading: carrying out sand washing operation on the first solid to obtain a second solid and tail liquid; the tail liquid is discharged into a tail water sedimentation tank; classifying the second solid to obtain middle-granularity quartz sand and fine-granularity quartz powder;
s8: and (3) neutralization: neutralizing the acid immersion liquid in the waste liquid pool to obtain sediment and neutral liquid; the sediment is discharged into the tail mud sedimentation tank, and the neutral liquid is discharged into the tail water sedimentation tank;
s9: solid-liquid separation: respectively carrying out solid-liquid separation operation on the product in the tail mud sedimentation tank, the second magnetic substance, the product in the tail mud sedimentation tank, the medium-granularity quartz sand and the fine-granularity quartz powder to obtain first filtrate, discharging the first filtrate into the tail water sedimentation tank, and recycling the liquid in the tail water sedimentation tank after sedimentation and clarification operation; and carrying out solid-liquid separation operation on the non-foam product to obtain second filtrate, discharging the second filtrate into a flotation tail water tank, and returning the liquid in the flotation tail water tank to the flotation operation for use after sedimentation and clarification operation.
2. The method for comprehensively utilizing the coarse high-silicon tailings according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the coarse high-silicon tailings are subjected to mud sand classification operation by using a hydrocyclone; the overflow granularity of the hydrocyclone is set to be 500-700 meshes.
3. The method for comprehensively utilizing the coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the first magnetic field strength is set to be 0.8-1.0 tesla, and a vertical-ring high-gradient magnetic separator is used for carrying out magnetic separation operation.
4. The method for comprehensive utilization of coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the first magnetic material is subjected to ore grinding operation by using a ball mill; the second magnetic field strength is set to be 0.5-0.7 tesla, and the vertical-ring high-gradient magnetic separator is used for carrying out magnetic separation operation.
5. The method for comprehensively utilizing the coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the third magnetic field strength is set to be 1.6-1.8 tesla, and a vertical-ring high-gradient magnetic separator is used for carrying out magnetic separation operation.
6. The method for comprehensive utilization of coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the mode of the flotation operation is reverse flotation; the regulator is sodium carbonate, and the collector is fatty acid.
7. The method for comprehensive utilization of coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the specific steps of the pickling operation are as follows: adding mixed acid consisting of at least two of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and hydrofluoric acid into the non-foam product, wherein the dosage of the mixed acid is 10-20% of the weight of the non-foam product, adjusting the pulp concentration of the non-foam product to 50-70%, and stirring and leaching for 9-11 hours at the temperature of 25-35 ℃.
8. The method for comprehensive utilization of coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to claim 1, wherein in step S7, the first solid is immersed in an alkaline solution before sand washing operation; the alkali liquor is sodium hydroxide; the classified particle size of the second solid is set to 100-200 mesh.
9. The method for comprehensively utilizing the coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to claim 1, wherein in the step S8, lime milk is added into the waste liquid pool to perform a neutralization reaction with the acid leaching solution.
10. The method for comprehensively utilizing the coarse tailings of high silicon bara according to claim 1, wherein in the step S9, the products in the tailing pond are subjected to solid-liquid separation operation by using a ceramic filter; the second magnetic substance and the products in the tailing sedimentation tank are subjected to solid-liquid separation operation by using a plate-and-frame filter press; and carrying out solid-liquid separation operation on the medium-granularity quartz sand and the fine-granularity quartz powder by using a disc filter.
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