CN116159666A - Cascade full-value utilization method of high-silicon iron tailings - Google Patents
Cascade full-value utilization method of high-silicon iron tailings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a step full-value utilization method of high-silicon iron tailings, which comprises the steps of carrying out classified desliming treatment on the high-silicon iron tailings to obtain fine mud and desliming sand; carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on desliming sand, and separating to obtain low-intensity magnetic separation rough concentrate and low-intensity magnetic separation tailings; grinding and closed-circuit fine grinding are carried out on the rough concentrate subjected to low-intensity magnetic separation, and iron concentrate and fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings are obtained; then the fine mud and the fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings are used for preparing aerated concrete blocks; carrying out strong magnetic separation on the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings to obtain strong magnetic materials and non-magnetic materials; and carrying out three-stage flotation treatment on the nonmagnetic material to obtain feldspar, quartz and three-stage flotation waste. And mixing the strong magnetic material and the waste material of the three-stage flotation to prepare the ceramic microcrystalline lining plate. The invention can realize the gradient full-value utilization of the high-silicon iron tailings and can obtain high-performance aerated concrete blocks and ceramic microcrystalline liners.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mineral resource sorting and processing and mineral materials, and relates to a gradient full-value utilization method of high-silicon iron tailings.
Background
Steel is the main metal material for national economy construction, and is called as 'industrial grain'. The composite material has high strength, good mechanical property, rich resources and low comprehensive cost, is widely applied to various fields of social production and life, and is an indispensable strategic basic industrial product. Because of the large amount of steel, the consumption of iron raw materials for producing steel is larger. The production of iron and steel in China is the first in the world for many years, and the iron ore is consumed for about 15 hundred million tons each year at present, and the imported quantity from abroad is also more than 10 hundred million tons, so that the iron ore is in vigorous demand.
Because of poor intrinsic property of iron ore resources in China, lower iron grade in iron ore and higher impurity content, the amount of the produced iron tailings is more when iron concentrate is produced, and the comprehensive utilization of the iron tailings must be enhanced. In particular, in recent years, the recycling of large solid wastes in the industry is enhanced, the promotion of ecological civilization construction is accelerated, and the resource utilization rate is improved, so that the aim of realizing sustainable development of the steel industry is achieved, and the aim of realizing efficient recycling of the iron tailings is achieved after technological creation and technological innovation.
However, the existing recycling recovery process for the high-silicon iron tailings is few, few technical means generally have the problems that full resource utilization is difficult, the performance of the co-produced products is not ideal, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the high-silicon iron tailings are difficult to fully utilize and the performance of co-production products is still deficient, the invention aims to provide a gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings, which aims to realize full-value cooperative utilization of resources and obtain high-performance aerated concrete and ceramic micro-crystal plates in parallel.
The components of the high-silicon iron tailings are complex and difficult to fully utilize, the performance of the material obtained by recycling still has a large improvement space, and aiming at the problem, the inventor provides the following solving means through intensive research:
the step full value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings comprises the following steps:
step (1): desliming-magnetic separation
Carrying out grading desliming treatment on the high-silicon iron tailings to obtain fine mud and desliming sand;
carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on desliming sand, and separating to obtain low-intensity magnetic separation rough concentrate and low-intensity magnetic separation tailings;
step (2):
and (3) recycling the rough low-intensity magnetic separation concentrate and the tailings collected in the step (1) according to any sequence, wherein the steps are as follows:
step (2-a): low-intensity magnetic separation rough concentrate recycling treatment
Grinding the low-intensity magnetic separation rough concentrate in the step (1), carrying out closed circuit fine grinding, and carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation to obtain iron concentrate and fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings;
the fine mud and the fine grinding weak magnetic separation tailings obtained in the step (1) are used for preparing aerated concrete blocks;
step (2-b): recycling treatment of low-intensity magnetic separation tailings:
carrying out strong magnetic separation treatment on the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings in the step (1) to obtain a strong magnetic material and a non-magnetic material;
carrying out first-stage flotation on the nonmagnetic material to obtain a first flotation foam material containing iron and impurities and a first purifying material enriched with feldspar-quartz; performing second-stage flotation treatment on the first purified material, separating to obtain feldspar concentrate and second flotation tailings, and performing third-stage reverse flotation on the second flotation tailings to obtain quartz and third flotation foam materials;
the strong magnetic material and the waste materials of three-stage flotation (the components except quartz and feldspar of three-stage flotation, specifically the first flotation foam material and the third flotation foam material) are mixed for preparing the ceramic microcrystal lining plate.
The invention provides the idea of converting the high-silicon iron tailings into the aerated concrete block and the ceramic microcrystalline lining board for the first time. The research of the invention discovers that in order to realize the brand new utilization thought, the problem of improving the performance of the co-produced aerated concrete block and ceramic microcrystalline lining board on the premise of realizing the full-value selective allocation of high-silicon iron tailing resources and the full-value utilization is needed. Aiming at the technical problems, the invention researches and discovers that under the adoption of the desliming-magnetic separation process, the synergy can be realized by further matching with the control of the compatibility mode of the treatment processes such as the resource raw materials in the step 2, and the resource distribution of the high-silicon iron tailings can be coordinated, so that the performance of the regenerated aerated concrete block and the ceramic microcrystalline lining plate can be synchronously improved on the premise of realizing full resource recovery. The method has reasonable design, effective technology, economy and feasibility, can fully and step-wise classify and utilize valuable resources in the materials, realizes the full-value utilization target of the iron tailings, and has the characteristics of strong applicability, environment friendliness, reliable operation, economy and practicability.
In the invention, the iron (TFe) content in the high-silicon iron tailings is more than or equal to 8 wt%, preferably 9-12 wt%; siO (SiO) 2 The amount is greater than or equal to 65 wt.%, preferably 70 to 75wt.%.
In the step (1), the classification desliming is carried out based on a combined classification mode, wherein the combined classification mode comprises a combination of a spiral classifier and a hydrocyclone; or, a hydrocyclone is combined with a high-frequency vibration fine screen; or a combination of a spiral classifier and a hydrocyclone with a high-frequency vibration fine screen.
In the step (1), the intensity of the weak magnetic separation stage is less than or equal to 300kA/m, preferably 80-240 kA/m.
The granularity of the finely ground closed circuit grinding material in the step (2-a) is-0.045 mm and reaches more than 80 percent; it is found that in the preferred range, the combination with the process of the invention is conducive to further synergy of full value utilization of high silicon iron tailings resources and in addition, is conducive to improvement of the performance of the co-produced product.
Preferably, the number of times of the weak magnetic separation is greater than or equal to 2 times, preferably 2 to 4 times;
preferably, the iron content (TFe) of the iron concentrate obtained by low intensity magnetic separation is greater than 60wt.%.
In the step (2-a) of the present invention,
mixing the fine mud, the fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings and lime, cement and gypsum obtained in the step (1) to obtain a mixture A, and performing size mixing, pouring, foaming and molding, and then performing autoclaved curing to obtain an aerated concrete block;
preferably, in the mixture A, the lime accounts for 16-25%, the cement accounts for 8-15%, the gypsum accounts for 1.0-5.0%, and the balance is the mixture of the fine mud and the fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings in the step (1). In the invention, the recycled fine mud and the fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings are fully used for preparing the aerated concrete block. The invention benefits from the characteristics of the high-silicon iron tailing materials and the combination of the recovery process ideas of the steps 1 and 2-a, can realize cooperation, and is beneficial to obtaining high-performance aerated concrete blocks.
In the invention, the preparation conditions of the aerated concrete are as follows: the water-material ratio of the slurry is 0.68-0.55, the foaming temperature is 60-100 ℃, the steam curing temperature is 160-220 ℃, and the steam curing time is 5-10 h.
In the invention, the processing sequence of the step (2-a) and the step (2-b) is not sequential.
In the step (2-b) of the present invention, the intensity of the strong magnetic separation treatment is 400kA/m or more, preferably 400 to 800kA/m.
In the invention, the non-magnetic component is subjected to three-stage flotation, and the process is as follows: pulping the non-magnetic components for first-stage flotation, collecting first-stage flotation froth (a small amount of residual iron and trace components) therein, performing second-stage flotation on ore pulp after first-stage flotation, collecting second-stage froth (feldspar), then regulating ore pulp conditions, such as adding a collector, performing third-stage flotation (reverse flotation), and collecting quartz bottom materials. In the invention, feldspar and quartz are recovered by three-stage flotation, and the residual materials (first flotation foam and third flotation foam) and strong magnetic materials are mixed for preparing the ceramic microcrystalline lining plate.
In the invention, feldspar and quartz in the nonmagnetic component can be recovered based on the existing means, and the residual materials are used for preparing the ceramic microcrystalline liner.
In the step (2-b), the pH value of the first stage flotation stage is 4.5-6.5, and the adopted collector A is at least one cationic amine collector selected from dodecyl amine, hexadecyl amine and octadecylamine; preferably, the amount of the collector A is 50-200 g/t;
preferably, the pH of the second stage flotation is 2.5-3.5; the collector B is at least one of primary amine collector and secondary amine collector. The primary amine is at least one of dodecylamine, hexadecylamine and octadecylamine. In the second stage of floatation, the consumption of the collector B is 75-250 g/t. In the actual flotation process, after the first stage flotation is finished, the pH value of the rest flotation slurry can be directly regulated to 2.5-3.5, and the second stage flotation can be directly carried out.
Preferably, the pH value of the third flotation stage is 2.5-3.5, and the collector C is at least one of a primary amine collector, a tertiary amine collector and a quaternary amine collector; the collector C is a primary amine collector and a tertiary amine collector. Preferably, the collector C is used in an amount of 100 to 300g/t. In the substantial operation process of the invention, after the second stage of flotation, flotation foam (feldspar) in the flotation foam is separated, then a collector is added into the rest slurry, the third stage of flotation (reverse flotation) is carried out, quartz bottom materials are collected, and the foam obtained in the third stage of flotation is used for preparing the ceramic microcrystalline liner plate.
In the step (2-b), the strong magnetic material, the first flotation foam material and the third flotation foam material are used as main raw materials, and the ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate is prepared by adopting a melting-calendaring method.
In the step (2-b), the strong magnetic material, the first flotation foam material and the third flotation foam material are used as main raw materials and are mixed with an adjusting auxiliary agent for melting, calendaring, crystallization annealing, cooling, cutting and cutting to obtain the ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate;
the adjusting auxiliary agent is at least one of limestone, lime or sodium carbonate;
preferably, the adjusting auxiliary agent is 50-80% of the dry weight of the main raw material;
preferably, the crystallization annealing condition is 1050-800 ℃ for 10-150 min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) Through the novel desliming combined classification flow and the grinding classification selection flow, the high-silicon iron tailings are efficiently and reasonably fully selected and utilized, valuable components such as iron, feldspar and quartz are fully recovered as much as possible in the subsequent selection flow, and adverse effects of the granularity of the residual materials and the residual metal minerals and impurities on the subsequent tailings are reduced.
(2) Aiming at the characteristics of material granularity characteristics and physicochemical properties of the high-silicon iron tailings after classifying and sorting valuable components, the classified tailings are used for preparing main raw materials of aerated concrete blocks and ceramic lining plates, and partial auxiliary raw materials and regulators are added to prepare aerated concrete blocks and ceramic lining plate products, so that gradient products with different qualities and values are prepared.
(3) The comprehensive method for gradient classified utilization in the invention not only realizes the effective recovery of valuable components such as iron, feldspar, quartz and the like and fully improves the resource utilization value of the iron tailings, but also realizes the full-value comprehensive high-efficiency quality utilization of the residual iron tailings, meets the quality requirements of building energy-saving wall materials and industrial wear-resistant materials, achieves the aim of high-value full-component utilization of the iron tailings, and opens up a new way for sources of novel energy-saving building materials and industrial wear-resistant materials.
The method has the advantages of high utilization rate of valuable components, environment-friendly utilization process, good cascade classification utilization effect, high comprehensive utilization value of the iron tailings and stable product quality after treatment, separation and quality improvement and classified product preparation. Related experiments prove that the quality of the iron ore concentrate, the feldspar and the quartz products obtained by the method is qualified, and the aerated concrete block and the ceramic wear-resistant lining plate meet or exceed the standard requirements of building wall materials and wear-resistant lining plates, so that the full-value high-efficiency utilization of the iron tailings is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the treatment method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a gradient full-value utilization method of high-silicon iron tailings, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The high-silicon iron tailings are subjected to grading desliming, the graded settled sand is finely ground, partial iron rough concentrate is obtained through low-intensity magnetic separation, and the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings are subjected to high-intensity magnetic separation to remove iron and impurities, so that a non-magnetic material after iron and impurities removal is obtained;
(2) Carrying out closed circuit grinding on the rough iron concentrate with weak magnetic separation obtained in the step (1), and carrying out weak magnetic separation on the fine ground material for a plurality of times to obtain iron concentrate with iron (TFe) of more than 60% as an iron-making raw material;
(3) Further removing iron and impurities from the non-magnetic material in the step (1) by adopting a flotation separation method, and then performing flotation separation on feldspar and quartz to obtain feldspar products and quartz products;
(4) Uniformly mixing the classified overflow fine-grained material obtained in the step (1) with the finely ground low-intensity magnetic separation tailings to be used as a raw material for producing aerated concrete blocks, and used for producing the aerated concrete blocks to be used as an energy-saving building material product;
(5) And (3) carrying out concentration-filtration dehydration on the 3 sorting intermediates to obtain a raw material of the ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate by a fusion-calendaring method, wherein the raw material is used for producing the ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate.
The invention adopts combined classification, such as: the combination of the spiral classifier and the hydrocyclone, or the combination of the hydrocyclone and the high-frequency vibration fine screen, or the combination of the spiral classifier, the hydrocyclone and the high-frequency vibration fine screen is beneficial to improving the desliming efficiency and adapting to the material characteristics of different particle sizes and mud contents.
Preferably, the sand setting in the step (2) is finely ground, and a closed circuit grinding inspection classification flow is adopted;
preferably, the regrind material in the step (2) has the granularity of-0.045 mm reaching more than 80%, which is favorable for the dissociation of iron tailing monomers in the iron tailings and the subsequent requirement of silicon content and granularity as the raw material of the aerated concrete block;
preferably, the multiple weak magnetic separation process in the step (2) is one roughing and one concentrating, one roughing and two concentrating, or one roughing and three concentrating, so as to obtain iron concentrate with iron (TFe) more than 60%, which is used as ironmaking raw material.
According to the invention, the non-magnetic materials of the high-silicon iron tailings are subjected to further iron and impurity removal by adopting a flotation separation method, sulfuric acid is adopted as an adjusting agent in the flotation operation, the pH value is controlled to be 4.5-6.5, and positive flotation of a cationic amine collecting agent is adopted; then sulfuric acid is adopted to control the pH value to be 2.5-3.5, a cationic amine collector is adopted as a flotation reagent, and then flotation is carried out to extract feldspar; adding an amine collector to continue flotation to finally obtain a quartz product and a part of middling product containing feldspar and quartz; the feldspar and quartz products are obtained, the high-value utilization of the iron tailings is realized, and meanwhile, iron-containing impurities with different steps are obtained, such as: the flotation tailings of metal impurities such as iron, titanium, manganese and the like and the flotation middlings containing silicon, aluminum, potassium and sodium are favorable for obtaining butt-joint materials with strong adaptability according to the requirements and grades of different ceramic lining plates, and the formation composition characteristics of the high-silicon iron tailing materials are fully excavated, so that the requirements of reasonable, accurate and cascade utilization are met.
Preferably, sulfuric acid is used as a regulator for the flotation in the step (3), and the pH value for removing iron and impurities is controlled to be 4.5-6.5.
Preferably, the collector floated in the step (3) is positive-floating by adopting a cationic amine collector.
Preferably, the feldspar flotation operation in the step (3) is performed by adopting sulfuric acid to control the pH value to be 2.5-3.5.
Aiming at the characteristics of material granularity and physicochemical properties of a plurality of classified tailings after classifying and sorting valuable components of high-silicon iron tailings, the classified overflow fine-grained materials and the finely ground low-intensity magnetic tailings are uniformly mixed to be used as raw materials for producing aerated concrete blocks, and partial lime, cement and a small amount of gypsum are added to be used for producing the aerated concrete blocks by utilizing the granularity characteristics and the silicon content characteristics of the classified overflow fine-grained materials and the finely ground low-intensity magnetic tailings to be used as energy-saving building material products;
preferably, the step (4) is characterized in that the graded overflow fine-grained material and the finely ground low-intensity magnetic separation tailings are uniformly mixed into raw materials, the ratio of the raw materials is 55% -75%, the ratio of the auxiliary raw materials lime added into the raw materials is 16% -25%, the ratio of the cement is 8% -15%, and the ratio of the gypsum is 1.0% -5.0%.
The invention uses the magnetic product of iron and impurity removal by strong magnetic separation, the flotation foam product obtained by iron and impurity removal by adopting a flotation separation method and the flotation tailings of follow-up feldspar and quartz extraction, and 3 kinds of separation intermediate products are used as raw materials for producing ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plates by a fusion calendaring method after concentration-filtration dehydration; the characteristics of high silicon materials and the fluxing characteristics of part of feldspar are utilized, and part of iron minerals and a small amount of metal minerals contained in the iron removal and impurity removal products of the strong magnetic separation and flotation operation are utilized as nucleating agents; adding a small amount of regulator, such as: limestone, lime or soda ash is used in the melt-calendering process to produce ceramic microcrystalline wear resistant liners.
Preferably, the regulator added in the step (5) is: limestone, lime or sodium carbonate, and mixing two by two or a mixture of the three;
preferably, the method for producing the ceramic microcrystalline wear-resistant lining plate in the step (5) is preferential by a melting-calendaring method, thereby being beneficial to improving the compressive strength and the wear resistance of the ceramic microcrystalline wear-resistant lining plate, reducing the porosity of the ceramic microcrystalline wear-resistant lining plate and prolonging the service life of the ceramic microcrystalline wear-resistant lining plate.
In the following exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic field strength of the weak magnetic separation is, for example, 100 to 150kA/m.
Example 1
First, the iron (TFe) content and the Silicon (SiO) 2 ) Iron tailings with the quantity of 10.5 percent and 72.5 percent respectively are subjected to combined classification by a spiral classifier and a hydrocyclone to obtain fine mud with the yield of 17.8 percent and desliming sand setting, and the desliming sand setting is subjected to weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic rough concentrate and weak magnetic tailings (desliming sand setting weak magnetic separation tailings);
the weak magnetic rough concentrate adopts a grinding inspection grading closed circuit grinding process to obtain slurry with the concentration of-0.045 mm accounting for 82%, and the magnetic separation process is selected to be a magnetic separation process of one roughing and one scavenging to obtain the iron concentrate with the iron content of 61.9%, and the weak magnetic separation tailings are finely ground.
The desliming sand setting low-intensity magnetic separation tailings undergo high-intensity magnetic separationThe magnetic field strength is 480kA/m, a magnetic product and strong magnetic tailings are obtained, the strong magnetic tailings are used as flotation ore feeding for first-stage flotation iron removal and impurity removal, sulfuric acid is added, the pH value is controlled to be 5.5-6.5, dodecyl amine (in this case, the dosage is 160 g/t) is added as a collecting agent, after flotation operation, an iron removal and impurity removal product (first-stage flotation foam containing TFe only 0.36%) is obtained by a flotation separation method, sulfuric acid is added into first-stage flotation slurry to adjust the pH value to be 2.5-3.0, and the obtained foam is feldspar concentrate (Na) through second-stage flotation 2 O+K 2 O content is 8.48 percent), N-dimethyl dodecyl amine and N, N-dimethyl tetradecyl amine (the mass ratio is 1:1, the total addition amount is 150g/t, the flotation time is 10 min) are added into the two-stage flotation slurry, and the third-stage flotation is carried out, so that a quartz product (containing SiO) of a tank bottom product is obtained 2 99.56% quartz concentrate) and reverse flotation tailings (three stage flotation froth).
After passing the classified overflow fine-grained material (fine mud) and the finely ground low-intensity magnetic separation tailings through a high-efficiency thickener, taking 67% of the material as raw materials for producing aerated concrete blocks, wherein lime accounts for 20%, cement 10% and gypsum 3.0% of the auxiliary raw materials, and the preparation conditions of the aerated concrete are as follows: the water-material ratio of the slurry is 0.55, the foaming temperature is 70 ℃, the steaming temperature is 190 ℃, the steaming time is 8 hours, and the compression strength is 3.57MPa and the dry bulk density is 622kg/m after the steam curing in the autoclave is carried out for 8 hours 3 And the product meets the requirements of A5.0B06 grade qualified products.
The method comprises the steps of concentrating, filtering and dehydrating 3 kinds of sorting intermediate products, which are used as main raw materials for producing ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plates by a melt calendaring method, adding 7% of limestone, mixing and melting, calendaring for 5 times by a calendaring machine, crystallizing and annealing at 1050-900 ℃, and cutting to obtain ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plates, thereby finally realizing the cascade full-value utilization of high-silicon iron tailings. The product has low porosity, high hardness and good wear resistance. The apparent porosity is 0.28%, and the Rockwell hardness is HRA80.
Example 2
Step (1) first, the iron (TFe) content and the Silicon (SiO) content are combined 2 ) Iron tailings with the amounts of 9.3 percent and 74.9 percent respectively are subjected to a combined classification method of combining a hydrocyclone and a high-frequency vibration fine screen to obtain fine mud and desliming sand with the yield of 16.5 percent, and the desliming sand is subjected to weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic rough concentrate and weak magnetic tailings (desliming sand weak magnetic separation tailings);
and (3) adopting a grinding inspection grading closed circuit grinding process to obtain slurry with the concentration of-0.045 mm accounting for 85%, selecting a magnetic separation process to be a magnetic separation process of primary roughing and secondary scavenging, and obtaining the iron concentrate with the iron content of 61.6%, and finely grinding the weak magnetic separation tailings.
Step (3) carrying out strong magnetic separation on desliming sand setting low-intensity magnetic tailings, wherein the magnetic field strength is 540kA/m, obtaining a magnetic product and the strong magnetic tailings, carrying out first-stage flotation iron removal and impurity removal on the strong magnetic tailings serving as flotation feed, adding sulfuric acid, controlling the pH value to be 5.0-6.0, adding octadecylamine (the dosage is 120 g/t) serving as a collector, obtaining a flotation separation method iron removal and impurity removal product (first-stage flotation foam) after flotation operation, adding sulfuric acid into the first-stage flotation slurry to adjust the pH value to be 3.0-3.5, and carrying out second-stage flotation, wherein the obtained foam is feldspar concentrate (Na) 2 O+K 2 O content is 8.25 percent), N-dimethyl dodecyl amine and N, N-dimethyl tetradecyl amine (the mass ratio is 1:1, the total addition amount is 100 g/t) are added into the two-stage flotation ore pulp, three-stage flotation is carried out, the flotation time is 8 minutes, and a quartz product (containing SiO) of a tank bottom product is obtained 2 99.63% quartz concentrate) and reverse flotation tailings (three stage flotation froth).
Step (4) taking the classified overflowed fine particle material (fine mud) and the finely ground low-intensity magnetic separation tailings as raw materials for producing aerated concrete blocks according to the weight content of 75% of the materials after passing through a high-efficiency thickener, wherein lime accounts for 16%, cement 8% and gypsum 1.0% in auxiliary raw materials, and the preparation conditions of the aerated concrete are as follows: the water-material ratio of the slurry is 0.61, the foaming temperature is 100 ℃, the steam curing temperature is 160 ℃, the steam curing time is 10 hours, and the compression strength is 3.65MPa and the dry bulk density is 628kg/m after the steam curing in the autoclave 3 Is in line withA3.5B06 grade qualified products.
And (5) concentrating, filtering and dehydrating the 3 sorting intermediates to obtain a main raw material of the ceramic microcrystalline wear-resistant lining plate by using a fusion calendaring method, adding 6% lime, mixing and melting, calendaring for 4 times by using a calendaring machine, crystallizing and annealing at 950-800 ℃, and cutting to obtain the ceramic microcrystalline wear-resistant lining plate product, thereby finally realizing the step full-value utilization of the high-silicon iron tailings. The product has low porosity, high hardness and good wear resistance. The apparent porosity is 0.29%, and the Rockwell hardness is HRA75.
Example 3
First, the iron (TFe) content and the Silicon (SiO) 2 ) Iron tailings with the amounts of 10.8 percent and 71.3 percent respectively are subjected to a combined classification method of a spiral classifier, a hydrocyclone combination and a high-frequency vibration fine screen to obtain fine mud and desliming sand with the yield of 19.6 percent;
the desliming sand is subjected to weak magnetic separation to obtain weak magnetic rough concentrate and weak magnetic tailings (desliming sand weak magnetic separation tailings); the weak magnetic rough concentrate adopts a grinding inspection grading closed circuit grinding process to obtain slurry with the concentration of-0.045 mm accounting for 90%, and the magnetic separation process is selected to be a magnetic separation process of primary roughing and secondary scavenging to obtain the iron concentrate with the iron content of 62.7%, and the fine grinding weak magnetic tailings.
Carrying out strong magnetic separation on desliming sand setting low-intensity magnetic separation tailings, wherein the magnetic field strength is 640kA/m, obtaining a magnetic product and strong magnetic tailings, carrying out first-stage flotation iron removal and impurity removal (adding sulfuric acid, controlling the pH value to be 4.5-5.0, adding cation mixed amine (specifically hexadecylamine, the dosage is 200 g/t) as a collector) on the strong magnetic tailings serving as flotation feed, carrying out first-stage flotation, obtaining a flotation method iron removal and impurity removal product (first-stage flotation foam), adding sulfuric acid into first-stage flotation slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 2.5-3.0, and carrying out second-stage flotation, thereby obtaining feldspar concentrate (Na) as foam 2 O+K 2 O content is 8.31 percent), and then N, N-dimethyl dodecyl amine and N, N-dimethyl tetradecyl amine (the mass ratio is 1:1, the total addition amount is 200 g/t) are added into the two-stage flotation ore pulp, and the flotation is carried outTime condition is 9 min) to obtain quartz product (containing SiO) of bottom product of tank 2 99.78% quartz concentrate) and reverse flotation tailings (three stage froth).
After passing the classified overflow fine-grained material and the finely ground low-intensity magnetic separation tailings through a high-efficiency thickener, taking 55% of the material as a raw material for producing aerated concrete blocks, wherein lime accounts for 25%, cement 15% and gypsum 5.0% of the auxiliary raw materials, and the preparation conditions of the aerated concrete are as follows: the water-material ratio of the slurry is 0.68, the foaming temperature is 80 ℃, the steaming temperature is 220 ℃, the steaming time is 6h, and the compression strength is 5.08MPa and the dry volume density is 619kg/m after the steam curing of the autoclave 3 And the product meets the requirements of A5.0B06 grade qualified products.
The method comprises the steps of concentrating, filtering and dehydrating 3 sorting intermediates after magnetic products obtained by removing iron and impurities through strong magnetic separation, magnetic products obtained by removing iron and impurities through floatation separation and floatation tailings obtained by reverse floatation quartz, wherein the 3 sorting intermediates are used as main raw materials for producing the ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate through a fusion calendaring method, 4.5% lime and 1.0% sodium carbonate are added, the ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate is obtained through multiple calendaring and crystallization annealing through a calendaring machine after mixing and melting, and finally the step full-value utilization of the high-silicon iron tailings is realized (conditions such as calendaring and crystallization are the same as in example 1). The product has low porosity, high hardness and good wear resistance. The apparent porosity is 0.27%, and the Rockwell hardness is HRA85.
Comparative example 1
The only difference compared with example 3 is that the preparation process of the aerated concrete block is changed, and the step 4 is as follows: only the fine-grained material (fine mud) overflowed in a grading way is used as a raw material, and the content of the fine-grained material (fine mud) in the raw material of the aerated concrete is 75 percent, namely, the reclaimed raw material adopts the fine mud to completely replace the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings, and other operations and parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 3, so that the strength of the prepared aerated concrete is 2.8-3.0 MPa, and the strength is inferior to that of the full-value method.
Comparative example 2
The only difference compared with example 3 is that the preparation process of the aerated concrete block is changed, and the step 4 is as follows: the method only adopts the finely ground low-intensity magnetic separation tailings as the raw material, and the content of the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings in the aerated concrete raw material is 75 percent, namely, the recycled raw material adopts the finely ground low-intensity magnetic separation tailings to replace fine mud in the raw material, and other operations and parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 3, and the result shows that the strength of the prepared aerated concrete is 2.9-3.1 MPa, and the strength is inferior to that of the full-valued method of the invention.
It is evident from example 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 that the method of the present invention not only has a more excellent waste material utilization effect, but also unexpectedly realizes combination synergy to obtain more excellent performance of the treated product.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is that in step (5), the magnetic products of iron and impurities are removed by strong magnetic separation in the raw material, and the first flotation froth and the third flotation froth are used as recovered raw materials, and other operations and parameters are the same as in example 3. The research shows that the apparent porosity of the prepared ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate product is 0.55%, and the Rockwell hardness is HRA65. The performance is inferior to the method of the invention.
It should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gradient full-value utilization method of high-silicon iron tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1): desliming-magnetic separation
Carrying out grading desliming treatment on the high-silicon iron tailings to obtain fine mud and desliming sand;
carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation on desliming sand, and separating to obtain low-intensity magnetic separation rough concentrate and low-intensity magnetic separation tailings;
step (2):
and (3) recycling the rough low-intensity magnetic separation concentrate and the tailings collected in the step (1) according to any sequence, wherein the steps are as follows:
step (2-a): low-intensity magnetic separation rough concentrate recycling treatment
Grinding the low-intensity magnetic separation rough concentrate in the step (1), carrying out closed circuit fine grinding, and carrying out low-intensity magnetic separation to obtain iron concentrate and fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings;
the fine mud and the fine grinding weak magnetic separation tailings obtained in the step (1) are used for preparing aerated concrete blocks;
step (2-b): recycling treatment of low-intensity magnetic separation tailings:
carrying out strong magnetic separation treatment on the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings in the step (1) to obtain a strong magnetic material and a non-magnetic material;
carrying out first-stage flotation on the nonmagnetic material to obtain a first flotation foam material containing iron and impurities and a first purifying material enriched with feldspar-quartz; performing second-stage flotation treatment on the first purified material, separating to obtain feldspar concentrate and second flotation tailings, and performing third-stage reverse flotation on the second flotation tailings to obtain quartz and third flotation foam materials;
the strong magnetic material, the first flotation foam material and the third flotation foam material are mixed for preparing the ceramic microcrystal lining plate.
2. The gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the iron (TFe) content in the high-silicon iron tailings is more than or equal to 8wt.%, preferably 9-12 wt.%; siO (SiO) 2 The amount is greater than or equal to 65 wt.%, preferably 70 to 75wt.%.
3. The gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the classification desliming is carried out based on a combined classification mode, wherein the combined classification mode comprises a combination of a spiral classifier and a hydrocyclone; or, a hydrocyclone is combined with a high-frequency vibration fine screen; or a combination of a spiral classifier and a hydrocyclone with a high-frequency vibration fine screen.
4. The gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the intensity of the weak magnetic separation stage is less than or equal to 300kA/m, preferably 80-240 kA/m.
5. The gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the granularity of the finely ground closed circuit grinding material in the step (2-a) is-0.045 mm and reaches more than 80 percent;
preferably, the number of times of the weak magnetic separation is greater than or equal to 2 times, preferably 2 to 4 times;
preferably, the iron content (TFe) of the iron concentrate obtained by low intensity magnetic separation is greater than 60wt.%.
6. The gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2-a),
mixing the fine mud, the fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings and lime, cement and gypsum obtained in the step (1) to obtain a mixture A, and performing size mixing, pouring, foaming and molding, and then performing autoclaved curing to obtain an aerated concrete block;
preferably, in the mixture A, lime accounts for 16-25%, cement accounts for 8-15%, gypsum accounts for 1.0-5.0%, and the balance is the mixture of the fine mud and the fine grinding low-intensity magnetic separation tailings in the step (1);
preferably, the preparation conditions of the aerated concrete are: the water-material ratio of the slurry is 0.68-0.55, the foaming temperature is 60-100 ℃, the steam curing temperature is 160-220 ℃, and the steam curing time is 5-10 h.
7. The gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2-b), the intensity of the strong magnetic separation treatment is 400kA/m or more, preferably 400 to 800kA/m.
8. The gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2-b), the pH value of the first stage of flotation is 4.5-6.5, and the adopted collector A is at least one cationic amine collector selected from dodecyl amine, hexadecyl amine and octadecylamine; preferably, the amount of the collector A is 50-200 g/t;
preferably, the pH of the second stage flotation is 2.5-3.5; the collector B is at least one of primary amine collector and secondary amine collector; preferably, in the second flotation stage, the amount of collector B is 75-250 g/t;
preferably, the pH value of the third flotation stage is 2.5-3.5, and the collector C is at least one of a primary amine collector, a secondary amine collector, a tertiary amine collector and a quaternary amine collector; preferably, the collector C is used in an amount of 100 to 300g/t.
9. The gradient full-value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2-b), the ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate is prepared by adopting a melting-rolling method.
10. The gradient total value utilization method of the high-silicon iron tailings according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mixing and melting the strong magnetic material, the first flotation foam material and the third flotation foam material serving as main raw materials with an adjusting auxiliary agent, calendaring, crystallizing and annealing, cooling, cutting and cutting to obtain the ceramic microcrystal wear-resistant lining plate;
the adjusting auxiliary agent is at least one of limestone, lime or sodium carbonate;
preferably, the adjusting auxiliary agent is 50-80% of the dry weight of the main raw material;
preferably, the crystallization annealing condition is 1050-800 ℃ for 10-150 min.
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| CN116689143B (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-10-27 | 山东华特磁电科技股份有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization method of high-silicon coarse tailings |
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