CN116673126A - Explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge precipitator combined dust removal system and method - Google Patents
Explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge precipitator combined dust removal system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116673126A CN116673126A CN202310966996.0A CN202310966996A CN116673126A CN 116673126 A CN116673126 A CN 116673126A CN 202310966996 A CN202310966996 A CN 202310966996A CN 116673126 A CN116673126 A CN 116673126A
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- flue gas
- filter cartridge
- dust
- valve
- electrostatic precipitator
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 291
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000012718 dry electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 223
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 219
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005686 electrostatic field Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCBWWDNSTJRKML-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[P].[Si].[C] Chemical compound [Mn].[P].[Si].[C] OCBWWDNSTJRKML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/4263—Means for active heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/448—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by temperature measuring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of converter steelmaking, and provides an explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge dust remover combined dust removing system and method, wherein an electrostatic precipitator, a filter cartridge dust remover, a fan and a switching station are connected in series through a flue gas pipeline, a side pipeline is arranged in parallel with the filter cartridge dust remover, the side pipeline and the flue gas pipeline are provided with a first intersection point at the front end of the filter cartridge dust remover, and a second intersection point at the rear end of the filter cartridge dust remover; the flue gas pipeline at the rear end of the first intersection point is provided with a first cut-off valve, the flue gas pipeline at the front end of the second intersection point is provided with a second cut-off valve, and the side pipeline at the rear end of the first intersection point is provided with a third cut-off valve. The valve controls the flow direction of the flue gas, and when the temperature of the flue gas is lower than a preset value, the valve guides the low-temperature flue gas to the side pipeline, so that the low-temperature flue gas is prevented from flowing to the filter cartridge dust remover; the filter cartridge dust remover is positioned behind the electrostatic dust remover, and the temperature of the flue gas is limited from the outlet of the electrostatic dust remover to the filter cartridge dust remover, so that the condensation of water vapor in the flue gas is avoided, and the filter cartridge is blocked.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of converter steelmaking, in particular to a combined dust removal system and method of an explosion-proof dry electrostatic dust remover and a filter cartridge dust remover for converter flue gas.
Background
Converter steelmaking is the main steelmaking process of the current steel enterprises, a large amount of flue gas is generated in the steelmaking process, the flue gas can be reused because the flue gas contains a large amount of carbon monoxide, and the carbon monoxide which does not meet the recovery condition is discharged through a chimney. One of the main processes of primary dust removal of the converter at present is a dry electrostatic dust removal process which is widely applied to a large-scale converter due to the advantages of water saving, electricity saving, environmental protection and economy. The dry electrostatic dust collection process system consists of three parts, namely flue gas cooling, purification and recovery and dust conveying. The temperature of the outlet of the converter flue gas is about 1400-1600 ℃, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced from 1400-1600 ℃ to 700-900 ℃ by a cooling flue, and the flue gas then enters a purification system. The purification system consists of an evaporative cooler and an electrostatic precipitator, and the flue gas is cooled by the evaporative cooler to continuously reduce the temperature to about 200 ℃. The flue gas after coarse dust removal enters an electrostatic precipitator for fine dust removal, so that the dust concentration is reduced to 50mg/Nm 3 The following is given. The purified converter flue gas is cooled to about 70 ℃ and then is collected to a gas tank for reuse. And if the content of carbon monoxide in the purified converter flue gas does not reach the recovery standard, the purified converter flue gas is combusted through a chimney and then is diffused.
However, the greatest disadvantage of the dry electrostatic dust removal process is that explosion risks exist in the electrostatic dust collector, explosion venting valves are arranged at the inlet, the outlet and the like of the electrostatic dust collector, and the treatment method is a post-treatment method. Dry dedusting explosion venting mechanism: the converter steelmaking is periodic, the inside of the electrostatic precipitator alternately passes through air and converter gas, and explosive smoke is easily generated in the transition stage of the air and the gas, and the explosive smoke can be exploded when passing through the electrostatic precipitator and meeting open fire, such as electric spark. The explosive force is extremely likely to cause serious damage to the inside of the electrostatic precipitator, and the explosion venting causes production pause and equipment damage, especially the damage to the equipment inside the electrostatic precipitator is fatal. In the actual production process, the possible damage caused by explosion venting is as follows (1) when the internal equipment is damaged, the electric dust removing capability is reduced in the subsequent smelting process, and the chimney emission exceeds the standard; (2) When explosion venting occurs, the electric field is rapidly closed, the oxygen lance is lifted by the converter smelting lance, the smelting is terminated, and the chimneyThe dust concentration of the discharged dust can reach 1g/Nm 3 Above, the standard is seriously exceeded. If the electric field is severely damaged, furnace shutdown maintenance is generally required, and the furnace shutdown time is about 16 hours, thereby causing economic loss.
In the prior art, in order to prevent explosion venting, a mode of flexible oxygen blowing is adopted after gun discharging, such as: normal oxygen blowing amount of 40000m 3 And/h, and the flexible oxygen blowing mode is as follows: the oxygen blowing intensity within 90 seconds after the gun is discharged is about 50% of the normal oxygen blowing amount. In this way, the method of smelting technology can avoid the generation of explosive flue gas, thereby preventing explosion venting.
In the prior art, a gas analyzer is arranged at the front end of an inlet of an electrostatic precipitator to detect smoke components, and when the smoke is detected to be explosive gas, the internal voltage of the electrostatic precipitator is reduced or the electric field of the electrostatic precipitator is cut off so as to prevent the electric spark of the electrostatic precipitator from generating. However, the inlet dust concentration of dry electrostatic precipitators is typically up to 70g/Nm 3 After the electrostatic precipitator adopts depressurization or outage, dust removal capability extremely drops, and the flue gas dust concentration that will lead to the chimney to discharge is high. Further, a metal filter cylinder or a bag type dust collector is additionally arranged at a position between the switching station and the chimney, so that a large amount of dust is collected by the metal filter cylinder or the bag type dust collector after the electrostatic dust collector is depressurized or powered off, and the concentration of the flue gas and the dust discharged by the chimney is reduced. The metal filter cylinder or the bag type dust collector needs to adopt nitrogen or other gases to carry out intermittent back blowing after working for a period of time, and dust collected by filter cloth of the metal filter cylinder or a cloth bag of the bag type dust collector is blown down. The switching station is switched through the three-way group valve, the three-way group valve can switch the flue gas to one side of the gas tank for recycling, and also can switch the flue gas to one side of the chimney for discharging, and the metal filter cylinder or the bag type dust remover is arranged at one side of the chimney after the switching station. However, due to the improvement of iron and steel enterprises, the space on one side of the chimney after the switching station is limited, and a proper position for installing a metal filter cylinder or a bag type dust collector cannot be found. Further, the metal filter cartridges or bag house dust collectors installed between the switching station and the chimney are far from the outlet of the electric precipitator, and when the electric precipitator is operated in winter, temperature drop may occur, and gaseous water in the flue gas is separated out, so that the filter cartridges are blocked by scaling.
Therefore, the flue gas dust removal system needs to be modified, so that the explosion venting of the electrostatic precipitator can be reduced as much as possible, the proper position can be found out to install the metal filter cartridge or the bag type dust remover, and the problem of filter cartridge scaling blockage can be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator for converter flue gas and a filter cartridge dust remover combined dust removal system and method, on one hand, a side pipeline is arranged in parallel with the filter cartridge dust remover, a temperature probe detects the temperature of the flue gas, a valve controls the flow direction of the flue gas, and when the temperature of the flue gas is lower than a preset value, the valve guides low-temperature flue gas to the side pipeline to prevent the low-temperature flue gas from flowing to the filter cartridge dust remover; on the other hand, before the filter cartridge dust remover is arranged at a switching station behind the electrostatic dust remover, the temperature of the flue gas is limited from the outlet of the electrostatic dust remover to the filter cartridge dust remover, so that the temperature of the flue gas when the flue gas reaches the filter cartridge dust remover is not lower than the dew point temperature of water, and the condensation and dew formation of water vapor in the flue gas are avoided, and the filter cartridge is blocked.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge precipitator combined dust removal system for converter flue gas, comprising: converter, vaporization cooling flue, vaporization cooler, flue gas pipeline, electrostatic precipitator, filter cartridge dust remover, fan, switching station, coal cooling device, gas tank and chimney, wherein,
the converter is connected with the vaporization cooling flue, the vaporization cooling flue is connected with the evaporative cooler, and the rear end of the evaporative cooler is connected with the flue gas pipeline;
the flue gas pipeline extends from the evaporative cooler to the gas tank, and the electrostatic dust collector, the filter cartridge dust collector, the fan, the switching station, the coal cooling device and the gas tank are sequentially connected in series from the front end to the rear end of the flue gas pipeline, wherein the filter cartridge dust collector is arranged at the front end or the rear end of the fan;
the flue gas flows through the electrostatic dust collector, the electrostatic dust collector performs first dust removal on the flue gas, the flue gas flowing out of the electrostatic dust collector continuously flows through the filter cartridge dust collector, and the filter cartridge dust collector performs second dust removal on the flue gas, wherein the electrostatic dust collector comprises a plurality of electrostatic fields, and the voltages of the electrostatic fields are independently controlled so as to prevent explosion venting of the electrostatic dust collector; when the electrostatic precipitator inevitably causes explosion venting, the dust removing capacity of the electrostatic precipitator is reduced, and the filter cartridge dust remover ensures dust removal of the flue gas so as to reduce the concentration of the flue gas and dust;
and if the flue gas passing through the switching station reaches the recovery standard, the switching station is used for guiding the flue gas reaching the recovery standard to the gas tank, and if the flue gas passing through the switching station does not reach the recovery standard, the switching station is used for guiding the flue gas not reaching the recovery standard to the chimney.
Optionally, the combined dust removing system of the explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and the filter cartridge dust remover further comprises a coal cooling device, wherein the coal cooling device is arranged between the fan and the switching station or between the switching station and the gas tank; and the coal-cooling device is arranged behind the cartridge dust collector.
Optionally, the converter steelmaking smelting process is periodic, and the dust back blowing of the filter cartridge dust remover is carried out by utilizing the time interval between the completion of tapping in the previous period and the iron charging in the next period; or a plurality of filter cartridge dust collectors are arranged in parallel, and the plurality of filter cartridge dust collectors are grouped for back blowing dust.
Optionally, the filter cartridge dust remover comprises a high-temperature cloth bag dust remover, a metal filter cartridge dust remover and a high-temperature new material filter material dust remover.
Optionally, the cartridge dust collector is disposed at a position before the fan after the electrostatic precipitator, or at a position before the switching station after the fan; and the distance between the filter cartridge dust collector and the flue gas pipeline between the electrostatic dust collectors is not more than 30m, so that the temperature of the flue gas reaching the inlet of the filter cartridge dust collector is not lower than the dew point temperature of water, and the filter cartridge is prevented from being blocked after the condensation and dew formation of water vapor in the flue gas.
Optionally, the filter cartridge dust remover is arranged on the flue gas pipeline, a side pipeline is arranged in parallel with the filter cartridge dust remover, a first junction is formed between the side pipeline and the flue gas pipeline at the front end of the filter cartridge dust remover, and a second junction is formed between the side pipeline and the flue gas pipeline at the rear end of the filter cartridge dust remover;
the flue gas pipeline of the front end of the filter cartridge dust collector is provided with a first cut-off valve, the flue gas pipeline of the rear end of the filter cartridge dust collector is provided with a second cut-off valve, and the side pipeline of the rear end of the first intersection is provided with a third cut-off valve to control the flow direction of flue gas.
Optionally, a temperature probe and a nitrogen heating device are installed at the front end of the first junction, the temperature probe detects the temperature of the flue gas in real time, if the detected temperature of the flue gas is lower than a preset value, the third cut-off valve on the side pipeline is opened, the first cut-off valve at the front end of the filter cartridge dust remover is closed, the flue gas is prevented from entering the filter cartridge dust remover, and meanwhile, the nitrogen heating device is opened, so that the heated nitrogen gas and the flue gas are mixed and flow into the side pipeline together.
Optionally, the electrostatic precipitator is provided with two at least electrostatic fields that establish ties, the gaseous detector group of electrostatic precipitator entry front end installation, works as when gaseous detector group detects that the flue gas is the explosive flue gas, through control system, when the explosive flue gas reaches the moment of a certain electric field front end point, this electric field drops down immediately, and after the afterbody of explosive flue gas passes through this electric field rear end point, resumes the voltage of this electric field, and control system handles in proper order, and every electric field handles explosion-proof in proper order.
Optionally, a nitrogen purging device is arranged at the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator device to prevent explosive flue gas remained in the bottom space of the electrostatic precipitator device.
The invention also relates to an explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge precipitator combined dedusting method for converter flue gas, which comprises the following specific steps:
the flue gas flows out from an outlet of the converter and sequentially flows to a vaporization cooling flue, an evaporative cooler, an electrostatic precipitator, a filter cartridge dust remover and a fan, wherein the filter cartridge dust remover is arranged at the front end or the rear end of the fan;
the electrostatic precipitator removes dust to the flue gas once, gas detection instrument group is installed at the front end of the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator, when the gas detection instrument group detects that the flue gas is explosive flue gas, the electric field is immediately reduced in pressure when the explosive flue gas reaches a front end point of a certain electric field through the control system, and after the tail part of the explosive flue gas passes through a rear end point of the electric field, the voltage of the electric field is recovered, the control system sequentially processes, and each electric field sequentially processes explosion protection;
the filter cartridge dust remover performs secondary dust removal on the flue gas; the device comprises a filter cartridge dust collector, a nitrogen heating device, a temperature probe, a third cut-off valve, a first cut-off valve, a nitrogen heating device, a first cut-off valve, a second cut-off valve, a third cut-off valve, a first cut-off valve, a second cut-off valve, a third cut-off valve, a first cut-off valve and a second cut-off valve, wherein the filter cartridge dust collector is connected in parallel with the first cut-off valve, the first cut-off valve and the second cut-off valve are arranged on the second cut-off valve;
the flue gas which is subjected to primary dust removal by the electrostatic dust collector and secondary dust removal by the filter cartridge dust collector reaches a switching station by a fan, and the switching station is used for switching the flow direction of the flue gas between a chimney and a gas tank.
In summary, the technical effects of the invention are as follows: (1) A side pipeline is arranged in parallel with the filter cartridge dust remover, a temperature probe detects the temperature of the flue gas, a valve controls the flue gas to flow to the filter cartridge dust remover, and the flue gas with the excessively low temperature is prevented from flowing to the filter cartridge dust remover; (2) Before the filter cartridge dust remover is arranged at a switching station behind the electrostatic dust remover, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced from the outlet of the electrostatic dust remover to the filter cartridge dust remover to a limited extent, so that the temperature of the flue gas is ensured not to be lower than the dew point temperature of water when the flue gas reaches the filter cartridge dust remover, and the condensation and dew formation of water vapor in the flue gas are avoided, and the filter cartridge is blocked; (3) The electrostatic precipitator and the filter cartridge dust remover remove dust finely twice, and especially, when the electrostatic precipitator starts an explosion venting procedure, the content of smoke and dust is very high, and the dust is removed through the filter cartridge dust remover, so that the chimney is ensured not to emit colored smoke.
Drawings
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drawings are provided for a better understanding of the invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall system for combined dedusting of an explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and a cartridge precipitator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a side duct and cartridge filter of an explosion proof dry electrostatic precipitator and cartridge filter combined dust collection system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an electrostatic precipitator of an explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and cartridge precipitator combined dust collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Drawings
A-front end, B-rear end;
1-a converter; 2-vaporizing cooling flue; 3-an evaporative cooler; 4-a flue gas pipeline; 5-electrostatic precipitator; 51-ring beams; 52-electrostatic field; 53-a gas detector set; 54-nitrogen purging device; 6-a cartridge dust collector; 7-a fan; 8-a switching station; 9-chimney; 10-a gas holder; 11-side pipes; 12-a coal cooling device; 13-cutting off the valve; 131-a first shut-off valve; 132-a second shut-off valve; 133-a third shut-off valve; 14-a temperature probe; 15-nitrogen heating device.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments thereof in order to make the objects, advantages and features of the invention more apparent. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not drawn to scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of actual structures. In particular, the drawings are shown with different emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the various embodiments.
As used in this disclosure, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents, the term "or" are generally used in the sense of comprising "and/or" and the term "several" are generally used in the sense of comprising "at least one," the term "at least two" are generally used in the sense of comprising "two or more," and the term "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or number of features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", and "a third" may include one or at least two of the feature, either explicitly or implicitly, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
The invention provides an explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge dust removal combined dust removal system for converter flue gas, which comprises: a converter 1, a vaporization cooling flue 2, an evaporative cooler 3, a flue gas pipeline 4, an electrostatic precipitator 5, a filter cartridge dust remover 6, a fan 7, a switching station 8, a chimney 9 and a gas tank 10, wherein,
the converter 1 is connected with the evaporative cooling flue 2, the evaporative cooling flue 2 is connected with the evaporative cooler 3, and the rear end of the evaporative cooler 3 is connected with the flue gas pipeline 4;
the flue gas pipeline 4 extends from the evaporative cooler 3 to the switching station 8, and the electrostatic dust collector 5, the filter cartridge dust collector 6, the fan 7 and the switching station 8 are sequentially connected in series from the front end to the rear end of the flue gas pipeline 4, wherein the filter cartridge dust collector 6 is arranged at the front end or the rear end of the fan 7;
the flue gas flows through the electrostatic precipitator 5, the electrostatic precipitator 5 removes dust for the first time, the flue gas flowing out of the electrostatic precipitator 5 continues to flow through the filter cartridge dust remover 6, the filter cartridge dust remover 6 removes dust for the second time, the electrostatic precipitator 5 comprises a plurality of electrostatic fields 52, and the voltages of the plurality of electrostatic fields 52 are independently controlled so as to prevent the electrostatic precipitator from explosion venting; when the electrostatic precipitator inevitably takes place to let out and explode, electrostatic precipitator's dust removal ability decline, filter cartridge dust remover guarantee removes dust to the flue gas to reduce flue gas dust concentration. The explosion venting principle of the electrostatic precipitator 5 is as follows: the inside of the electrostatic precipitator 5 alternately passes through air and converter gas, and explosive smoke is easily generated in the transition stage of the air and the gas, and the explosive smoke can explode when exposed fire such as electric spark is generated through the electrostatic precipitator. The explosion force generated when the electrostatic precipitator 5 discharges and explodes causes serious damage to the inside of the electrostatic precipitator 5, and the dust removing capacity of the electrostatic precipitator 5 is reduced.
If the flue gas passing through the switching station 8 reaches the recovery standard, the switching station 8 is used for guiding the flue gas reaching the recovery standard to the gas tank 10, and if the flue gas passing through the switching station 8 does not reach the recovery standard, the switching station 8 is used for guiding the flue gas not reaching the recovery standard to the chimney 9.
Standard of flue gas recovery with CO and O 2 For reference, in particular, when the CO content exceeds 50%, at the same time O 2 And when the content of the smoke is lower than 2%, the smoke reaches the recovery standard, otherwise, the smoke is not recovered and is directly discharged to a chimney.
As shown in figure 1, the temperature of the flue gas outlet of the converter 1 is about 1400-1600 ℃, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced from 1400-1600 ℃ to 700-900 ℃ through the vaporization cooling flue 2; the flue gas then enters an evaporative cooler 3, and the temperature of the flue gas is cooled by the evaporative cooler 3 to be continuously reduced to about 200 ℃; the cooled flue gas enters an electrostatic precipitator 5 and a filter cartridge dust remover 6 through a flue gas pipeline 4 for fine dust removal. The flue gas circulation in the pipeline is realized by the suction force of a fan 7, and the fan 7 sucks the flue gas of the converter 1 to flow through the evaporative cooling flue 2, the evaporative cooler 3, the electrostatic precipitator 5 and the filter cartridge dust remover 6.
The invention uses the electrostatic precipitator 5 and the filter cartridge dust remover 6 to carry out fine dust removal twice, especially when the electrostatic precipitator starts an explosion-proof procedure, the content of smoke and dust is very high, and the dust removal by the filter cartridge dust remover ensures that the chimney does not emit colored smoke. The inlet and outlet of the electrostatic precipitator 5 are horn-shaped, the middle section of the electrostatic precipitator 5 is formed by connecting 4 electrostatic fields 52 in series, and each electrostatic field 52 is provided with a discharge stage and a dust collecting electrode. Direct-current high-voltage electricity is applied between the discharge stage and the dust collecting electrode, so that corona discharge is generated on the discharge stage, a large amount of free electrons are generated by gas ionization, and the free electrons collide with and are attached to dust, thereby realizing the charge of the dust. The charged dust is driven to the dust collecting electrode under the action of coulomb force in the electric field, and reaches the dust collecting electrode plate to discharge the charged dust to settle on the electrode plate after a certain time. After the dust in the dust collecting electrode is settled to a certain thickness, the dust is removed by mechanical vibration and other methods.
The flue gas after dust removal by the electrostatic dust remover 5 enters the filter cartridge dust remover 6, the flue gas enters from the middle of the top of the filter cartridge dust remover 6, and the flue gas is distributed uniformly from top to bottom. Dust-laden flue gas passes over the surface of the cartridge where dust is retained and clean gas flows from the cartridge through the clean gas chamber to the flue gas duct 4. The filter cartridge dust remover adopts nitrogen pulse back blowing to remove ash, and high-pressure nitrogen forms high-pressure air flow, so that dust embedded in filter cloth of the filter cartridge dust remover is blown off, and the filter cloth can be reused.
Preferably, the filter cartridge dust remover comprises a high-temperature cloth bag dust remover, a metal filter cartridge dust remover and a high-temperature new material filter material dust remover.
Preferably, the filter cloth material of the filter cartridge dust remover 6 is preferably a metal filter material, the metal filter material is formed by paving, overlapping and sintering metal fibers with the diameter of micron, and the metal filter material has the characteristics of high temperature resistance (the long-term use temperature can reach 900 ℃), high porosity, difficult bag burning phenomenon and better dust filtering effect.
Further, the combined anti-explosion dry electrostatic precipitator and cartridge precipitator dust removal system further comprises a coal cooling device 12, the coal cooling device 12 being arranged between the fan 7 and the switching station 8 and having to be arranged after the cartridge dust remover 6. In the prior art, the coal cooling device is arranged between the switching station and the gas tank, and only plays a role in cooling the flue gas. In the invention, the coal cooling device 12 is arranged in front of the switching station 8, and when the electrostatic precipitator 5 is explosion-relieved and the content of flue gas and dust is seriously out of standard, the flue gas and dust are removed by the coal cooling device 12.
Further, the converter steelmaking is periodic, molten iron and a certain proportion of scrap steel are arranged in a converter molten pool, oxygen is blown into the converter from an oxygen lance down lance, and the heat released by the reaction of the oxygen and carbon-silicon-manganese-phosphorus in the molten iron enables the molten pool to obtain the required scrap steel smelting temperature. When the temperature and carbon content of molten steel in the molten pool reach the standards, molten steel begins to be poured into a ladle, and after tapping is finished, the whole smelting period is finished. Before each smelting period begins, molten iron and scrap steel are added into a converter molten pool. And (3) carrying out dust back blowing on the filter cylinder dust remover by utilizing the time interval between the steel tapping completion of the previous period and the iron charging moment of the next period, and back blowing the dust on the filter cylinder by nitrogen pulsation. The technical scheme can fully utilize the gap time between two smelting periods to finish dust blowback. It should be noted that the side pipe 11 may be straight (as shown in fig. 2) or may be meandering (as shown in fig. 1). In addition, a plurality of filter cartridge dust collectors can be arranged in parallel, and the filter cartridge dust collectors are grouped for carrying out dust back blowing. For example, 10 cartridge dust collectors are arranged in parallel, and every 2 cartridge dust collectors are grouped into 5 groups. When the filter cartridge dust remover of the 1 st group carries out dust back blowing, the other 4 groups can still carry out flue gas dust removal.
Further, the filter cartridge dust collector 6 is arranged on the flue gas pipeline 4, a side pipeline 11 is arranged in parallel with the filter cartridge dust collector 6, a first intersection point is formed between the side pipeline 11 and the flue gas pipeline 4 at the front end of the filter cartridge dust collector 6, and a second intersection point is formed between the side pipeline 11 and the flue gas pipeline 4 at the rear end of the filter cartridge dust collector 6; the flue gas pipeline 4 at the front end of the filter cartridge dust remover 6 at the rear end of the first junction is provided with a first cut-off valve 131, the flue gas pipeline 4 at the rear end of the filter cartridge dust remover 6 at the front end of the second junction is provided with a second cut-off valve 132, and the side pipeline 11 at the rear end of the first junction is provided with a third cut-off valve 133 so as to control the flow direction of flue gas. The valve at the first junction of the side duct 11 and the flue gas duct 4 may be a three-way valve which may control the flow direction of the flue gas at the first junction in different time periods.
Preferably, a nitrogen purge device is provided at the front end of the second blocking valve 132 of the side pipe 11, and before the side pipe 11 is opened, nitrogen purges accumulated dust at the front end of the second blocking valve 132, thereby preventing the accumulated dust from being blown into the rear-end chimney after the side pipe 11 is opened, thereby causing dust discharge to exceed a standard.
Preferably, the cartridge dust collector 6 is positioned at any location between the electrostatic precipitator 5 and the switching station 8. Specifically, the cartridge dust collector 6 is disposed at a position after the electrostatic precipitator 5 and before the blower 7. The concentration of the flue gas and the dust which are subjected to primary fine dust removal through the electrostatic dust remover 5 and secondary fine dust removal through the filter cartridge dust remover 6 is ultra-low, and the flue gas passing through the fan 7 is ultra-low concentration dust, so that the maintenance period of the fan 7 can be delayed, the service life of the fan 7 is prolonged, the maintenance time of the fan 7 is shortened, and the smelting yield is improved. In addition, the cartridge dust collector arrangement 6 is placed after the fan 7 in a position before the switching station 8. Leading the filter cartridge dust remover 6 before the switching station 8, wherein the temperature of the flue gas leaving the electrostatic precipitator 5 for removing is generally 150-250 ℃, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced from the outlet of the electrostatic precipitator 5 to the filter cartridge dust remover 6 to a limited extent, so that the temperature of the flue gas reaching the filter cartridge dust remover 6 is not lower than the dew point temperature of water, the condensation and dew formation of water vapor in the flue gas are avoided, and the filter cartridge is prevented from being blocked.
Preferably, the distance between the filter cartridge dust collector and the flue gas pipeline between the electrostatic dust collector and the flue gas pipeline is not more than 30m, so that the temperature of the flue gas reaching the inlet of the filter cartridge dust collector is not lower than the dew point temperature of water, and the filter cartridge is prevented from being blocked after water vapor in the flue gas is condensed and condensed.
Preferably, a metal screen is installed at the front inlet of the side duct 11 to filter dust in the flue gas. Specifically, the valve controls the flue gas to flow to the side pipeline 11, and a metal filter screen at the inlet of the front end of the side pipeline 11 filters dust in the flue gas.
Further, the temperature probe 14 and the nitrogen heating device 15 are installed at the front end of the first junction, the temperature probe 14 detects the temperature of the flue gas in real time, if the detected temperature of the flue gas is lower than a preset value, the third cut-off valve 133 on the side pipeline 11 is opened, the first cut-off valve 131 at the front end of the filter cartridge dust remover 6 is closed, the flue gas is prevented from entering the filter cartridge dust remover 6, and meanwhile, the nitrogen heating device 15 is opened, so that the heated nitrogen gas is mixed with the flue gas and flows into the side pipeline 11 together. The temperature is detected by the temperature probe, so that the flue gas with too low temperature is prevented from entering the filter cartridge dust remover, and the filter cartridge is prevented from being blocked by condensation and condensation of water vapor in the flue gas. Simultaneously, the heated nitrogen is mixed with the flue gas, the flue gas is subjected to heat treatment, and the filter cartridge is prevented from being blocked by condensation and dew condensation of water vapor in the flue gas.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inlet and outlet of the electrostatic precipitator 5 are horn-shaped, the middle section of the electrostatic precipitator 5 is formed by connecting at least two electrostatic fields 52 in series, in the present invention, the number of electrostatic fields 52 is 4, a first electrostatic field, a second electrostatic field, a third electrostatic field and a fourth electrostatic field are sequentially arranged from the front end to the rear end, and the front end and the rear end of the high-voltage electrostatic field of each electrostatic field 52 are provided with ring beams 51. The front end inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 5 is provided with a gas distribution plate and a gas guide device, the gas distribution plate and the gas guide device are beneficial to uniform distribution of smoke, and the smoke can be in a piston shape when passing through a high-voltage electrostatic field of each electrostatic field, so that the dust removal effect is ensured. The gas detection instrument set is arranged at the front end of the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator, when the gas detection instrument set detects that the flue gas is the explosive flue gas, the electric field is immediately reduced in pressure when the explosive flue gas reaches the front end point of a certain electric field through the control system, and when the tail part of the explosive flue gas passes through the rear end point of the electric field, the voltage of the electric field is recovered, the control system sequentially processes, and each electric field sequentially processes and is explosion-proof.
Preferably, a gas detector group 53 is provided at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 5 for detecting and analyzing the gas components in the flue gas, and judging whether the flue gas is explosive or not according to the detected gas components. Wherein, the gas detector group includes: oxygen detector, carbon monoxide detector and hydrogen detector. When O in the detected flue gas 2 When the volume percentage is 5-7% and the volume percentage of CO is 10-12%, the detected flue gas is explosive flue gas.
The fine explosion-proof treatment process of the electrostatic precipitator comprises the following steps:
s1: a gas detection instrument and a smoke flowmeter are additionally arranged at the front end of the electrostatic precipitator, the gas components in the smoke are analyzed through the gas detection instrument, the smoke speed of the explosive smoke passing through is judged through the smoke flowmeter, and the starting speed and the ending speed of the explosive smoke passing through the instrument and meter position are obtained through calculation; s2: installing a gas distribution plate at the front part of a first electric field of the electrostatic precipitator, additionally installing a gas guide cover between the gas distribution plate and the first electric field, uniformly guiding the flue gas, converting the flue gas speed obtained in the step S1 into the speed of the flue gas passing through an internal channel of the dry-method electric precipitator, and calculating the time when the flue gas reaches the front end and the rear end of each electric field; s3: the ring beam is provided with a compensation channel, and the compensation channel is matched with the gas guide cover, so that when the smoke passes through the effective path of the center of the electric field in a piston shape, the smoke also inputs the smoke into the space outside the effective path of the electric field through the compensation channel, and the smoke in the space outside the effective path is pushed to advance synchronously with the smoke advancing in the middle of the electric field as far as possible; s4: when the explosive fume reaches the front end point of an electric field, the electric field is immediately reduced in pressure, and after the tail part of the explosive fume passes through the rear end point of the electric field, the voltage of the electric field is recovered, the control system sequentially processes, and each electric field sequentially processes and is explosion-proof.
Preferably, the bottom of each electrostatic field 52 corresponds to a nitrogen purging device 54, and when the gas detector at the inlet detects that the flue gas is explosive, all nitrogen purging devices start to purge nitrogen to the corresponding electrostatic fields, so that the explosive flue gas is prevented from remaining in dead space of the electric dust collector.
The invention also provides a dry static and bag type combined dust removal method for converter flue gas, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The flue gas flows out from the outlet of the converter 1 and flows to the evaporative cooling flue 2, the evaporative cooler 3, the electrostatic precipitator 5, the filter cartridge dust remover 6 and the fan 7 in sequence;
(2) The electrostatic precipitator 5 removes dust from the flue gas for one time; the middle section of the electrostatic precipitator 5 is provided with at least two electrostatic fields 52 connected in series, the time of the flue gas passing through each electric field is calculated according to the actual flue gas amount, and the time of the inlet point and the outlet point of each electric field is calculated, so that the time point of each electric field for starting to reduce or close the electric field and the time point of re-boosting or opening the electric field are determined, the dust removing time of the electric field with the maximum amplitude is further ensured, and the dust removing effect of the whole system is improved;
(3) The filter cartridge dust remover 6 removes dust for the smoke for the second time; wherein, a side pipeline 11 is arranged in parallel with the filter cartridge dust remover 6, and in the time of back blowing the filter cloth dust by the filter cartridge dust remover 6, the flue gas flows to the side pipeline 11;
(4) The flue gas which is subjected to primary dust removal by the electrostatic dust collector 5 and secondary dust removal by the filter cartridge dust collector 6 reaches a switching station 8 by a fan 7, and the switching station 8 is used for switching the flow direction of the flue gas between a chimney 9 and a gas tank 10.
In summary, according to the combined dust removal method of the explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and the filter cartridge dust remover, which are provided by the invention, the electrostatic precipitator and the filter cartridge dust remover are subjected to fine dust removal twice, and particularly, when the electrostatic precipitator discharges explosion, the content of smoke and dust is very high, and the dust is removed through the filter cartridge dust remover, so that the chimney is ensured not to emit colored smoke. The combined dust removal method has the following beneficial effects: (1) Fine dust removal is carried out twice through an electrostatic precipitator and a filter cartridge dust remover, so that the dust content in the flue gas is greatly reduced; (2) The electrostatic precipitator refines and lets out and explodes the processing, only will explode the electrostatic field voltage that the flue gas passes through to drop to the explosion-proof voltage, can make some electrostatic fields keep the working voltage, still remain certain dust removal ability; (3) the smelting time can be shortened. For example, oxygen is directly and normally blown after the lance is discharged, so that the time for flexible steelmaking is shortened, the normal smelting time is shortened, the production yield is improved, and the economic benefit is greatly improved.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any alterations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An explosion proof dry electrostatic precipitator and cartridge precipitator combined dust collection system comprising: converter, vaporization cooling flue, vaporization cooler, flue gas pipeline, electrostatic precipitator, filter cartridge dust remover, fan, switching station, coal cooling device, gas tank and chimney, wherein,
the converter is connected with the vaporization cooling flue, the vaporization cooling flue is connected with the evaporative cooler, and the rear end of the evaporative cooler is connected with the flue gas pipeline;
the flue gas pipeline extends from the evaporative cooler to the gas tank, and the electrostatic dust collector, the filter cartridge dust collector, the fan, the switching station, the coal cooling device and the gas tank are sequentially connected in series from the front end to the rear end of the flue gas pipeline, wherein the filter cartridge dust collector is arranged at the front end or the rear end of the fan;
the flue gas flows through the electrostatic dust collector, the electrostatic dust collector performs first dust removal on the flue gas, the flue gas flowing out of the electrostatic dust collector continuously flows through the filter cartridge dust collector, and the filter cartridge dust collector performs second dust removal on the flue gas, wherein the electrostatic dust collector comprises a plurality of electrostatic fields, and the voltages of the electrostatic fields are independently controlled so as to prevent explosion venting of the electrostatic dust collector; when the electrostatic precipitator inevitably causes explosion venting, the dust removing capacity of the electrostatic precipitator is reduced, and the filter cartridge dust remover ensures dust removal of the flue gas so as to reduce the concentration of the flue gas and dust;
and if the flue gas passing through the switching station reaches the recovery standard, the switching station is used for guiding the flue gas reaching the recovery standard to the gas tank, and if the flue gas passing through the switching station does not reach the recovery standard, the switching station is used for guiding the flue gas not reaching the recovery standard to the chimney.
2. The explosion proof dry electrostatic precipitator and cartridge precipitator combined dust collection system of claim 1, further comprising a coal cooling device disposed between said blower and said switching station, or between said switching station and said gas cabinet;
and the coal-cooling device is arranged behind the cartridge dust collector.
3. The explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the converter steelmaking smelting process is periodic, and the filter cartridge dust removal back-blowing is performed by using the time interval between the completion of tapping in the previous period and the iron charging in the next period;
or a plurality of filter cartridge dust collectors are arranged in parallel, and the plurality of filter cartridge dust collectors are grouped for back blowing dust.
4. The explosion proof dry electrostatic precipitator and cartridge filter combined dedusting system of claim 1, wherein the cartridge filter comprises a high temperature cloth bag dust collector, a metal cartridge dust collector, a high temperature new material filter material dust collector.
5. The explosion proof dry electrostatic precipitator and cartridge precipitator combined dust collection system of claim 1, wherein said cartridge precipitator is disposed at a location after said electrostatic precipitator before said fan or at a location after said fan before said switching station;
and the distance between the filter cartridge dust collector and the flue gas pipeline between the electrostatic dust collectors is not more than 30m, so that the temperature of the flue gas reaching the inlet of the filter cartridge dust collector is not lower than the dew point temperature of water, and the filter cartridge is prevented from being blocked after the condensation and dew formation of water vapor in the flue gas.
6. The explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge precipitator combined dedusting system according to claim 1, wherein said filter cartridge precipitator is arranged on said flue gas duct, a side duct is arranged in parallel with said filter cartridge precipitator, said side duct and said flue gas duct have a first junction at the front end of said filter cartridge precipitator, and said side duct and said flue gas duct have a second junction at the rear end of said filter cartridge precipitator;
the flue gas pipeline of the front end of the filter cartridge dust collector is provided with a first cut-off valve, the flue gas pipeline of the rear end of the filter cartridge dust collector is provided with a second cut-off valve, and the side pipeline of the rear end of the first intersection is provided with a third cut-off valve to control the flow direction of flue gas.
7. The explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge dust collector combination dust pelletizing system of claim 6, wherein a temperature probe and a nitrogen gas heating device are installed at the front end of the first junction, the temperature probe detects the temperature of the flue gas in real time, if the detected temperature of the flue gas is lower than a preset value, the third cut-off valve on the side pipeline is opened, the first cut-off valve at the front end of the filter cartridge dust collector is closed, the flue gas is prevented from entering the filter cartridge dust collector, and meanwhile, the nitrogen gas heating device is opened, so that heated nitrogen gas is mixed with the flue gas and flows into the side pipeline together.
8. The explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic precipitator is provided with at least two electrostatic fields connected in series, a gas detector unit is installed at the front end of the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator, when the gas detector unit detects that the flue gas is explosion-prone flue gas, the electric field is immediately reduced in pressure when the explosion-prone flue gas reaches a front end point of a certain electric field through a control system, and after the tail part of the explosion-prone flue gas passes through a rear end point of the electric field, the voltage of the electric field is recovered, the control system sequentially processes the explosion-prone flue gas, and each electric field sequentially processes the explosion-prone flue gas.
9. The explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge precipitator combined dust removal system of claim 1, wherein said electrostatic precipitator device bottom is provided with nitrogen purging means to prevent explosive fumes from remaining in the electrostatic precipitator device bottom space.
10. An explosion-proof dry electrostatic precipitator and filter cartridge precipitator combined dedusting method comprises the following specific steps:
the flue gas flows out from an outlet of the converter and sequentially flows to a vaporization cooling flue, an evaporative cooler, an electrostatic precipitator, a filter cartridge dust remover and a fan, wherein the filter cartridge dust remover is arranged at the front end or the rear end of the fan;
the electrostatic precipitator removes dust to the flue gas once, gas detection instrument group is installed at the front end of the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator, when the gas detection instrument group detects that the flue gas is explosive flue gas, the electric field is immediately reduced in pressure when the explosive flue gas reaches a front end point of a certain electric field through the control system, and after the tail part of the explosive flue gas passes through a rear end point of the electric field, the voltage of the electric field is recovered, the control system sequentially processes, and each electric field sequentially processes explosion protection;
the filter cartridge dust remover performs secondary dust removal on the flue gas; the device comprises a filter cartridge dust collector, a nitrogen heating device, a temperature probe, a third cut-off valve, a first cut-off valve, a nitrogen heating device, a first cut-off valve, a second cut-off valve, a third cut-off valve, a first cut-off valve, a second cut-off valve, a third cut-off valve, a first cut-off valve and a second cut-off valve, wherein the filter cartridge dust collector is connected in parallel with the first cut-off valve, the first cut-off valve and the second cut-off valve are arranged on the second cut-off valve;
the flue gas which is subjected to primary dust removal by the electrostatic dust collector and secondary dust removal by the filter cartridge dust collector reaches a switching station by a fan, and the switching station is used for switching the flow direction of the flue gas between a chimney and a gas tank.
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